Network Working Group                                          S. Weiler
Internet-Draft                                               A. Sonalker
Intended status: Standards Track                            SPARTA, Inc.
Expires: April 21, 2011                                 October 18, 2010


A Publication Protocol for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI)
                     draft-ietf-sidr-publication-00

Abstract

   This document defines a protocol for publishing Resource Public Key
   Infrastructure (RPKI) objects.  Even though the RPKI will have many
   participants issuing certificates and creating other objects, it is
   operationally useful to consolidate the publication of those objects.
   This document provides the protocol for that.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on April 21, 2011.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

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   described in the Simplified BSD License.



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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
     1.1.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Context  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   3.  Protocol Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     3.1.  Common Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
       3.1.1.  Common XML Message Format  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     3.2.  Control Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
       3.2.1.  Config Object  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
       3.2.2.  Client Object  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.3.  Publication Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.4.  Error handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.5.  XML Schema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   4.  Operational Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   5.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   6.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   7.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
     7.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
     7.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   Appendix A.  Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11





























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1.  Introduction

   This document assumes a working knowledge of the Resource Public Key
   Infrastructure (RPKI), which is intended to support improved routing
   security on the Internet.  [I-D.ietf-sidr-arch]

   In order to make participation in the RPKI easier, it is helpful to
   have a few consolidated repositories for RPKI objects, thus saving
   every participant from the cost of maintaining a new service.
   Similarly, clients using the RPKI objects will find it faster and
   more reliable to retrieve the necessary set from a smaller number of
   repositories.

   These consolidated RPKI object repositories will in many cases be
   outside the administrative scope of the organization issuing a given
   RPKI object.  Hence the need for a protocol to publish RPKI objects.

   This document defines the RPKI publication protocol, including a sub-
   protocol for configuring the publication engine.

1.1.  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].

   "Publication engine" and "publication server" are used
   interchangeably to refer to the server providing the service
   described in this document.

   "Business Public Key Infrastructure" ("Business PKI" or "BPKI")
   refers to a PKI, separate from the RPKI, used to authenticate clients
   to the publication engine.


2.  Context

   This protocol was designed specifically for the case where an
   internet registry, already issuing RPKI certificates to its children,
   also wishes to run a publication service for its children.

   We use the term "Business PKI" here to suggest that an internet
   registry might already have a PKI, separate from the RPKI, for
   authenticating its clients and might wish to reuse that PKI for this
   protocol.  Such reuse is not a requirement.






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3.  Protocol Specification

   In summary, the publication protocol uses XML messages wrapped in
   CMS, carried over HTTP transport.

   The publication procotol consists of two separate subprotocols.  The
   first is a control protocol used to configure a publication engine.
   The second subprotocol, which we refer to by the overloaded term
   "publication protocol", is used to request publication of specific
   objects.  The publication engine operates a single HTTP server on a
   single port.  It distinguishes between the two protocols by using
   different URLs for them.

3.1.  Common Details

   This section discusses details that the two subprotocols have in
   common, including the transport and CMS wrappers.  This portion of
   the protocol is largely inherited from the provisioning protocol
   ([I-D.ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning]).

   Both protocols use a simple request/response interaction.  The client
   passes a request to the server, and the server generates a
   corresponding response.  A message exchange commences with the client
   initiating an HTTP POST with content type of "application/x-rpki",
   with the message object as the body.  The server's response will
   similarly be the body of the response with a content type of
   "application/x-rpki".

   The content of the POST, and the server's response, will be a well-
   formed Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) [RFC5652] object with OID =
   1.2.840.113549.1.7.2 as described in Section 3.1 of
   [I-D.ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning].

3.1.1.  Common XML Message Format

   The publication protocol uses the same message passing design as the
   provisioning protocol.  The XML schema for this protocol (including
   both subprotocols) is below in Section 3.5.  Both subprotocols use
   the same basic XML message format, which looks like:


   <?xml version='1.0' encoding='us-ascii'?>
   <msg xmlns="http://www.hactrn.net/uris/rpki/publication-spec/"
            version="1"
            type="message type">
           [one or more PDUs]
   </msg>




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   version:
      The value of this attribute is the version of this protocol.
      This document describes version 1.

   type:
      The possible values of this attribute are "reply" and "query".

3.2.  Control Protocol

   The control protocol is used to configure a publication server.  It
   can set global variables (at the moment, limited to a BPKI CRL) and
   manage clients who are allowed to publish data on the server.

   The control protocol has two objects: the <config/> object, and the
   <client/> object.

3.2.1.  Config Object

   The <config/> object allows configuration of data that apply to the
   entire publication server rather than a particular client.  There is
   exactly one <config/> object in the publication server, and it only
   supports the "set" and "get" actions -- it cannot be created or
   destroyed.

   The <config/> object only has one data element that can be set: the
   bpki_crl.  This is used by the publication server when authenticating
   clients.

3.2.2.  Client Object

   Unlike the <config/> object the <client/> object represents one
   client authorized to use the publication server.

   The <client/> object supports five actions: "create", "set", "get",
   "list", and "destroy".  Each client has a "client_handle" attribute,
   which is used in responses and must be specified in "create", "set",
   "get", or "destroy" actions.

   Payload data which can be configured in a <client/> object include:
   o  base_uri (attribute): This attribute represents the base URI below
      which the client will be allowed to publish data.  Additional
      constraints may be imposed by the Publication Server in certain
      cases, for e.g., a child publishing directly under its parent.
   o  bpki_cert (element): This represents the X509 BPKI CA certificate
      for this client.  This should be used as part of the certificate
      chain when validating incoming TLS and CMS messages.  Two valid
      approaches exist.  If the optional bpki_glue certificate is being
      used, then the bpki_cert certificate should be issued by the



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      bpki_glue certificate; otherwise, the bpki_cert certificate should
      be issued by the publication engine's bpki_ta certificate.
   o  bpki_glue (element): This is an additional (optional) type of X509
      certificate for this client.  It may be used in certain
      pathological cross-certification cases which require a two-
      certificate chain due to issuer name conflicts.  When being used,
      issuing order is that the bpki_glue certificate should be the
      issuer of the bpki_cert certificate.  Otherwise, it should be
      issued by the publication engine's bpki_ta certificate.  Since
      this is an optional use certificate, it may be left unset if not
      needed.

3.3.  Publication Protocol

   The publication protocol is structured differently from the control
   protocol in that objects in the publication protocol represent
   objects to be published or objects to be withdrawn from publication.

   Each kind of object supports two actions: "publish" and "withdraw".
   In each case the XML element representing the object to be published
   or withdrawn has a "uri" attribute which contains the publication
   URI.  For "publish" actions, the XML element body contains the DER
   object to be published, encoded in Base64; for "withdraw" actions,
   the XML element body is empty.

   The publication protocol uses four types of objects:
   o  Certificate Object: The <certificate/> object represents an RPKI
      certificate to be published or withdrawn.
   o  CRL Object: The <crl/> object represents an RPKI CRL to be
      published or withdrawn.
   o  Manifest Object: The <manifest/> object represents an RPKI
      publication manifest to be published or withdrawn.  See
      [I-D.ietf-sidr-rpki-manifests] for more information on manifests.
   o  ROA Object: The <roa/> object represents a ROA to be published or
      withdrawn.  See [I-D.ietf-sidr-roa-format] for more information on
      ROAs.

   Note that every publication or withdrawal action requires a new
   manifest, thus every publication or withdrawal action will involve at
   least two objects.

3.4.  Error handling

   Errors are handled similarly in both subprotocols, and they're
   handled at two levels.

   Since all messages in this protocol are conveyed over HTTP
   connections, basic errors are indicated via the HTTP response code.



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   4xx and 5xx responses indicate that something bad happened.  Errors
   that make it impossible to decode a query or encode a response are
   handled in this way.

   Where possible, errors will result in an XML <report_error/> message
   which takes the place of the expected protocol response message.
   <report_error/> messages are CMS-signed XML messages like the rest of
   this protocol, and thus can be archived to provide an audit trail.

   <report_error/> messages only appear in replies, never in queries.
   The <report_error/> message can appear in both the control and
   publication subprotocols.

   The <report_error/> message includes an optional "tag" attribute to
   assist in matching the error with a particular query when using
   batching.

   The error itself is conveyed in the error_code (attribute).  The
   value of this attribute is a token indicating the specific error that
   occurred.  [TODO: define these tokens]

   The body of the <report_error/> element itself is an optional text
   string; if present, this is debugging information.  At present this
   capabilty is not used, debugging information goes to syslog.

3.5.  XML Schema

   The following is a RelaxNG compact form schema describing the
   Publication Protocol.


    default namespace = "http://www.hactrn.net/uris/rpki/publication-spec/"

    # Top level PDU

    start = element msg { attribute version { xsd:positiveInteger {
       maxInclusive="1" } }, ((attribute type { "query" }, query_elt*) |
       (attribute type { "reply" }, reply_elt*)) }

    # PDUs allowed in a query
    query_elt = ( config_query | client_query | certificate_query |
       crl_query | manifest_query | roa_query )

    # PDUs allowed in a reply
    reply_elt = ( config_reply | client_reply | certificate_reply |
       crl_reply | manifest_reply | roa_reply | report_error_reply )

    # Tag attributes for bulk operations



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    tag = attribute tag { xsd:token {maxLength="1024" } }

    # Base64 encoded DER stuff
    base64 = xsd:base64Binary { maxLength="512000" }

    # Publication URLs
    uri_t = xsd:anyURI { maxLength="4096" }
    uri = attribute uri { uri_t }

    # Handles on remote objects (replaces passing raw SQL IDs).  NB:
    # Unlike the up-down protocol, handles in this protocol allow "/" as a
    # hierarchy delimiter.
    object_handle = xsd:string { maxLength="255" pattern="[\-_A-Za-z0-9/]*" }

    # <config/> element (use restricted to repository operator)
    # config_handle attribute, create, list, and destroy commands omitted
    # deliberately, see code for details

    config_payload = (element bpki_crl { base64 }?)

    config_query |= element config { attribute action { "set" }, tag?,
       config_payload }
    config_reply |= element config { attribute action { "set" },     tag? }
    config_query |= element config { attribute action { "get" },     tag? }
    config_reply |= element config { attribute action { "get" }, tag?,
       config_payload }

    # <client/> element (use restricted to repository operator)

    client_handle = attribute client_handle { object_handle }

    client_payload = (attribute base_uri { uri_t }?, element bpki_cert {
       base64 }?, element bpki_glue { base64 }?)

    client_query |= element client { attribute action { "create" }, tag?,
       client_handle, client_payload }
    client_reply |= element client { attribute action { "create" }, tag?,
       client_handle }
    client_query |= element client { attribute action { "set" }, tag?,
       client_handle, client_payload }
    client_reply |= element client { attribute action { "set" }, tag?,
       client_handle }
    client_query |= element client { attribute action { "get" }, tag?,
       client_handle }
    client_reply |= element client { attribute action { "get" }, tag?,
       client_handle, client_payload }
    client_query |= element client { attribute action { "list" }, tag? }
    client_reply |= element client { attribute action { "list" }, tag?,



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       client_handle, client_payload }
    client_query |= element client { attribute action { "destroy" }, tag?,
       client_handle }
    client_reply |= element client { attribute action { "destroy" }, tag?,
       client_handle }

    # <certificate/> element

    certificate_query |= element certificate { attribute action {
       "publish" }, tag?, uri, base64 }

    certificate_reply |= element certificate { attribute action {
       "publish" }, tag?, uri }

    certificate_query |= element certificate { attribute action {
       "withdraw" }, tag?, uri }

    certificate_reply |= element certificate { attribute action {
       "withdraw" }, tag?, uri }

    # <crl/> element

    crl_query |= element crl { attribute action { "publish" }, tag?, uri,
       base64 }
    crl_reply |= element crl { attribute action { "publish" }, tag?, uri }
    crl_query |= element crl { attribute action { "withdraw" }, tag?, uri }
    crl_reply |= element crl { attribute action { "withdraw" }, tag?, uri }

    # <manifest/> element

    manifest_query |= element manifest { attribute action { "publish" },
       tag?, uri, base64 }
    manifest_reply |= element manifest { attribute action { "publish" },
       tag?, uri }
    manifest_query |= element manifest { attribute action { "withdraw" },
       tag?, uri }
    manifest_reply |= element manifest { attribute action { "withdraw" },
       tag?, uri }

    # <roa/> element

    roa_query |= element roa { attribute action { "publish" }, tag?, uri,
       base64 }
    roa_reply |= element roa { attribute action { "publish" }, tag?, uri }
    roa_query |= element roa { attribute action { "withdraw" }, tag?, uri }
    roa_reply |= element roa { attribute action { "withdraw" }, tag?, uri }

    # <report_error/> element



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    error = xsd:token { maxLength="1024" }

    report_error_reply = element report_error {
       tag?,
       attribute error_code { error },
       xsd:string { maxLength="512000" }?
       }


4.  Operational Considerations

   Placeholder section to talk about nesting children under parents in
   the sameso repository, to allow for a single rsync to fetch both
   (observing that the rsync setup times tends to dominate over the sync
   time).  And, more distressingly, talk about the access control
   impacts of that nesting.


5.  IANA Considerations

   This document specifies no IANA Actions.


6.  Security Considerations


7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-sidr-res-certs]
              Huston, G., Michaelson, G., and R. Loomans, "A Profile for
              X.509 PKIX Resource Certificates",
              draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-19 (work in progress),
              October 2010.

   [I-D.ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning]
              Huston, G., Loomans, R., Ellacott, B., and R. Austein, "A
              Protocol for Provisioning Resource Certificates",
              draft-ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning-07 (work in
              progress), October 2010.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2818]  Rescorla, E., "HTTP Over TLS", RFC 2818, May 2000.

   [RFC5246]  Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security



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              (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2", RFC 5246, August 2008.

   [RFC5280]  Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S.,
              Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key
              Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
              (CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, May 2008.

   [RFC5652]  Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)", STD 70,
              RFC 5652, September 2009.

   [X.690]    Postel, J., "ITU-T Recommendation X.690: ISO/IEC 8825-
              1:2002, Information technology - ASN.1 encoding rules:
              Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER), Canonical
              Encoding Rules (CER) and Distinguished Encoding Rules
              (DER)", 2002.

7.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.ietf-sidr-arch]
              Lepinski, M. and S. Kent, "An Infrastructure to Support
              Secure Internet Routing", draft-ietf-sidr-arch-11 (work in
              progress), September 2010.

   [I-D.ietf-sidr-roa-format]
              Lepinski, M., Kent, S., and D. Kong, "A Profile for Route
              Origin Authorizations (ROAs)",
              draft-ietf-sidr-roa-format-07 (work in progress),
              July 2010.

   [I-D.ietf-sidr-rpki-manifests]
              Austein, R., Huston, G., Kent, S., and M. Lepinski,
              "Manifests for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure",
              draft-ietf-sidr-rpki-manifests-08 (work in progress),
              October 2010.


Appendix A.  Acknowledgments

   We acknowledge the editors of [I-D.ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning]
   (Geoff Huston, Robert Loomans, Byron Ellacott, and Rob Austein), from
   whom we took some of the text for this document.

   We especially thank Rob Austein, who implemented the publication
   protocol and helped us to understand it.







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Authors' Addresses

   Samuel Weiler
   SPARTA, Inc.
   7110 Samuel Morse Drive
   Columbia, Maryland  21046
   US

   Email: weiler@sparta.com


   Anuja Sonalker
   SPARTA, Inc.
   7110 Samuel Morse Drive
   Columbia, Maryland  21046
   US

   Email: Anuja.Sonalker@sparta.com

































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