Sieve Working Group P. Saint-Andre
Internet-Draft XMPP Standards Foundation
Intended status: Standards Track A. Melnikov
Expires: July 2, 2008 Isode Limited
December 30, 2007
Sieve Notification Mechanism: xmpp
draft-ietf-sieve-notify-xmpp-08
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007).
Abstract
This document describes a profile of the Sieve extension for
notifications, to allow notifications to be sent over the Extensible
Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP), also known as Jabber.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1. Notify parameter "method" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2. Test notify_method_capability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.3. Notify tag ":from" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.4. Notify tag ":importance" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.5. Notify tag ":message" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.6. Notify tag ":options" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.7. XMPP syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1. Basic action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2. Action with body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.3. Action with body, importance, message, and subject . . . . 7
3.4. Action with from, message, importance, body, and
subject . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4. Requirements Conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5. Internationalization Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 14
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1. Introduction
1.1. Overview
The [NOTIFY] extension to the [SIEVE] mail filtering language is a
framework for providing notifications by employing URIs to specify
the notification mechanism. This document defines how xmpp URIs (see
[XMPP-URI]) are used to generate notifications via the Extensible
Messaging and Presence Protocol [XMPP], which is widely implemented
in Jabber instant messaging technologies.
1.2. Terminology
This document inherits terminology from [NOTIFY], [SIEVE], and
[XMPP].
The capitalized key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL",
"SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT
RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be
interpreted as described in [TERMS].
2. Definition
2.1. Notify parameter "method"
The "method" parameter MUST be a URI that conforms to the xmpp URI
scheme (as specified in [XMPP-URI]) and that identifies an XMPP
account associated with the email inbox. The URI MAY include the
resource identifier of an XMPP address and/or the query component
portion of an XMPP URI, but SHOULD NOT include an authority component
or fragment identifier component. The processing application MUST
extract an XMPP address from the URI in accordance with the
processing rules specified in [XMPP-URI]. The resulting XMPP address
MUST be encapsulated in XMPP syntax as the value of the XMPP 'to'
attribute.
2.2. Test notify_method_capability
In response to a notify_method_capability test for the "online"
notification-capability, an implementation SHOULD return a value of
"yes" if it has knowledge of an active presence session (see
[XMPP-IM]) for the specified XMPP notification-uri; otherwise it
SHOULD return a value of "maybe" (since typical XMPP systems may not
allow a SIEVE engine to gain knowledge about the presence of XMPP
entities).
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2.3. Notify tag ":from"
If included, the ":from" tag MUST be an email address. The value of
the ":from" tag MAY be included in the human-readable XML character
data of the XMPP notification; alternatively or in addition, it MAY
be transformed into formal XMPP syntax, in which case it MUST be
encapsulated as the value of an XMPP Stanza Headers and Internet
Metadata [SHIM] header named "Resent-From".
2.4. Notify tag ":importance"
The ":importance" tag has no special meaning for this notification
mechanism, and this specification puts no restriction on its use.
The value of the ":importance" tag MAY be transformed into XMPP
syntax (in addition to or instead of including appropriate text in
the XML character data of the XMPP <body/> element); if so, it SHOULD
be encapsulated as the value of an XMPP Stanza Headers and Internet
Metadata [SHIM] header named "Urgency", where the XML character of
that header is "high" if the value of the ":importance" tag is "1",
"medium" if the value of the ":importance" tag is "2", and "low" if
the value of the ":importance" tag is "3".
2.5. Notify tag ":message"
If the ":message" tag is included, that string MUST be transformed
into the XML character data of an XMPP <body/> element (where the
string is generated according to the guidelines specified in Section
3.6 of [NOTIFY]).
2.6. Notify tag ":options"
The ":options" tag has no special meaning for this notification
mechanism. Any handling of this tag is the responsibility of an
implementation.
2.7. XMPP syntax
The xmpp mechanism results in the sending of an XMPP message to
notify a recipient about an email message. The general XMPP syntax
is as follows:
o The notification MUST be an XMPP <message/> stanza.
o The value of the XMPP 'from' attribute SHOULD be the XMPP address
of the notification service associated with the SIEVE engine or
the XMPP address of the entity to be notified. The value of the
XMPP 'from' attribute MUST NOT be generated from the Sieve ":from"
tag.
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o The value of the XMPP 'to' attribute MUST be the XMPP address
specified in the XMPP URI contained in the "method" notify
parameter.
o The value of the XMPP 'type' attribute MUST be 'headline' or
'normal'.
o The XMPP <message/> stanza MUST include a <body/> child element.
If the ":message" tag is included in the Sieve script, that string
MUST be used as the XML character data of the <body/> element. If
not and if the XMPP URI contained in the "method" notify parameter
specified a "body" parameter in the query component, that value
SHOULD be used. Otherwise the XML character data SHOULD be some
configurable text indicating that the message is a Sieve
notification.
o The XMPP <message/> stanza MAY include a <subject/> child element.
If the XMPP URI contained in the "method" notify parameter
specified a "subject" parameter in the query component, that value
SHOULD be used as the XML character data of the <subject/>
element. Otherwise the XML character data SHOULD be some
configurable text indicating that the message is a Sieve
notification.
o The XMPP <message/> stanza SHOULD include a URI for the recipient
to use as a hint in locating the message, encapsulated as the XML
character data of a <url/> child element of an <x/> element
qualified by the 'jabber:x:oob' namespace as specified in [OOB].
If included, the URI SHOULD be an Internet Message Access Protocol
[IMAP] URL that specifies the location of the message as defined
in [IMAP-URL], but MAY be another URI type that can specify or
hint at the location of an email message, such as a URI for an
HTTP resource [HTTP] or a POP3 mailbox [POP-URL] at which the
message can be accessed. It is not expected that an XMPP user
agent shall directly handle such a URI, but instead that it shall
invoke an appropriate helper application to handle the URI.
o The XMPP <message/> stanza MAY include an XMPP Stanza Headers and
Internet Metadata [SHIM] header named "Resent-From". If the Sieve
script included a ":from" tag, the "Resent-From" value MUST be the
value of the ":from" tag; otherwise the "Resent-From" value SHOULD
be the envelope recipient address of the original email message
that triggered the notification.
3. Examples
In the following examples, the sender of the email has an address of
<mailto:juliet@example.org>, the entity to be notified has an email
address of <mailto:romeo@example.com> and an XMPP address of
romeo@im.example.com (resulting in an XMPP URI of
<xmpp:romeo@im.example.com>), and the notification service associated
with the SIEVE engine has an XMPP address of notify.example.com.
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Note: In the following examples, line breaks are included in XMPP
URIs solely for the purpose of readability.
3.1. Basic action
The following is a basic Sieve notify action with only a method. The
XML character data of the XMPP <body/> and <subject/> elements are
therefore generated by the Sieve engine based on configuration. In
addition, the Sieve engine includes a URI pointing to the message.
Basic action (Sieve syntax)
notify "xmpp:romeo@im.example.com"
The resulting XMPP <message/> stanza might be as follows.
Basic action (XMPP syntax)
<message from='notify.example.com'
to='romeo@im.example.com'
type='headline'
xml:lang='en'>
<subject>SIEVE</subject>
<body><juliet@example.com> You got mail.</body>
<x xmlns='jabber:x:oob'>
<url>
imap://romeo@example.com/INBOX;UIDVALIDITY=385759043/;UID=18
</url>
</x>
</message>
3.2. Action with body
The following action contains a "body" parameter in the query
component of the XMPP URI but no ":message" tag in the Sieve script.
As a result, the XML character data of the XMPP <body/> element in
the XMPP notification is taken from the XMPP URI. In addition, the
Sieve engine includes a URI pointing to the message.
Action with body (Sieve syntax)
notify "xmpp:romeo@im.example.com?message
;body=Wherefore%20art%20thou%3F"
The resulting XMPP <message/> stanza might be as follows.
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Action with body (XMPP syntax)
<message from='notify.example.com'
to='romeo@im.example.com'
type='headline'
xml:lang='en'>
<subject>SIEVE</subject>
<body>Wherefore art thou?</body>
<x xmlns='jabber:x:oob'>
<url>
imap://romeo@example.com/INBOX;UIDVALIDITY=385759044/;UID=19
</url>
</x>
</message>
3.3. Action with body, importance, message, and subject
The following action specifies an ":importance" tag and a ":message"
tag in the Sieve script, as well as a "body" parameter and a
"subject" parameter in the query component of the XMPP URI. As a
result, the ":message" tag from the Sieve script overrides the "body"
parameter from the XMPP URI when generating the XML character data of
the XMPP <body/> element. In addition, the Sieve engine includes a
URI pointing to the message.
Action with body, importance, message, and subject (Sieve syntax)
notify :importance "1"
:message "Contact Juliet immediately!"
"xmpp:romeo@im.example.com?message
;body=You%27re%20in%20trouble
;subject=ALERT%21"
The resulting XMPP <message/> stanza might be as follows.
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Action with body, importance, message, and subject (XMPP syntax)
<message from='notify.example.com'
to='romeo@im.example.com'
type='headline'
xml:lang='en'>
<subject>ALERT!</subject>
<body>Contact Juliet immediately!</body>
<headers xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/shim'>
<header name='Urgency'>high</header>
</headers>
<x xmlns='jabber:x:oob'>
<url>
imap://romeo@example.com/INBOX;UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=20
</url>
</x>
</message>
3.4. Action with from, message, importance, body, and subject
The following action specifies a ":from" tag, an ":importance" tag,
and a ":message" tag in the Sieve script, as well as a "body"
parameter and a "subject" parameter in the query component of the
XMPP URI. As a result, the ":message" tag from the Sieve script
overrides the "body" parameter from the XMPP URI when generating the
XML character data of the XMPP <body/> element. In addition, the
Sieve engine includes a URI pointing to the message, as well as an
XMPP Stanza Headers and Internet Metadata [SHIM] header named
"Resent-From" (which encapsulates the value of the ":from" tag).
Action with body, from, importance, message, and subject (Sieve
syntax)
notify :from "romeo.my.romeo@example.com"
:importance "1"
:message "Contact Juliet immediately!"
"xmpp:romeo@im.example.com?message
;body=You%27re%20in%20trouble
;subject=ALERT%21"
The resulting XMPP <message/> stanza might be as follows.
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Action with body, from, importance, message, and subject (XMPP
syntax)
<message from='notify.example.com'
to='romeo@im.example.com'
type='headline'
xml:lang='en'>
<subject>ALERT!</subject>
<body>Contact Juliet immediately!</body>
<headers xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/shim'>
<header name='Resent-From'>romeo.my.romeo@example.com</header>
<header name='Urgency'>high</header>
</headers>
<x xmlns='jabber:x:oob'>
<url>
imap://romeo@example.com/INBOX;UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=21
</url>
</x>
</message>
4. Requirements Conformance
Section 3.8 of [NOTIFY] specifies a set of requirements for Sieve
notification methods. The conformance of the xmpp notification
mechanism is provided here.
1. An implementation of the xmpp notification method SHOULD NOT
modify the final notification text (e.g., to limit the length);
however, a given deployment MAY do so (e.g., if recipients pay
per character or byte for XMPP messages). Modification of
characters themselves should not be necessary, since XMPP
character data is encoded in [UTF-8].
2. An implementation MAY ignore parameters specified in the
":from", ":importance", and ":options" tags.
3. There is no recommended default message for an implementation to
include if the ":message" argument is not specified.
4. A notification sent via the xmpp notification method MAY include
a timestamp in the textual message.
5. The value of the XMPP 'from' attribute MUST be the XMPP address
of the notification service associated with the SIEVE engine.
The value of the Sieve ":from" tag MAY be transformed into the
value of an XMPP Stanza Headers and Internet Metadata [SHIM]
header named "Reply-To".
6. The value of the XMPP 'to' attribute MUST be the XMPP address
specified in the XMPP URI contained in the "method" parameter.
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7. In accordance with [XMPP-URI], an implementation MUST ignore any
URI action or parameter it does not understand (i.e., the URI
MUST be processed as if the action or parameter were not
present). It is RECOMMENDED to support the XMPP "message" query
type (see [QUERIES]) and the associated "body" and "subject"
parameters, which parameters SHOULD be mapped to the XMPP
<body/> and <subject/> child elements of the XMPP <message/>
stanza, respectively. However, if included then the Sieve
notify ":message" parameter MUST be mapped to the XMPP <body/>
element, overriding the "body" parameter (if any) included in
the XMPP URI.
8. An implementation MUST NOT include any other extraneous
information not specified in parameters to the notify action.
9. In response to a notify_method_capability test for the "online"
notification-capability, an implementation SHOULD return a value
of "yes" if it has knowledge of an active presence session (see
[XMPP-IM]) for the specified XMPP notification-uri but only if
the entity that requested the test is authorized to know the
presence of the associated XMPP entity (e.g., via explicit
presence subscription as specified in [XMPP-IM]); otherwise it
SHOULD return a value of "maybe" (since typical XMPP systems may
not allow a SIEVE engine to gain knowledge about the presence of
XMPP entities).
10. An implementation SHOULD NOT attempt to retry delivery of a
notification if it receives an XMPP error of type "auth" or
"cancel", MAY attempt to retry delivery if it receives an XMPP
error of type "wait", and MAY attempt to retry delivery if it
receives an XMPP error of "modify" but only if it makes
appropriate modifications to the notification (see [XMPP]); in
any case the number of retries SHOULD be limited to a
configurable number no less than 3 and no more than 10. An
implementation MAY throttle notifications if the number of
notifications within a given time period becomes excessive
according to local service policy. Duplicate suppression (if
any) is a matter of implementation and is not specified herein.
5. Internationalization Considerations
Although an XMPP address may contain nearly any [UNICODE] character,
the value of the "method" parameter MUST be a Uniform Resource
Identifier (see [URI]) rather than an Internationalized Resource
Identifier (see [IRI]). The rules specified in [XMPP-URI] MUST be
followed when generating XMPP URIs.
In accordance with Section 13 of RFC 3920, all data sent over XMPP
MUST be encoded in [UTF-8].
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6. Security Considerations
Depending on the information included, sending a notification can be
comparable to forwarding mail to the notification recipient. Care
must be taken when forwarding mail automatically, to ensure that
confidential information is not sent into an insecure environment.
In particular, implementations MUST conform to the security
considerations given in [NOTIFY], [SIEVE], and [XMPP].
[NOTIFY] specifies that a notification method MUST provide mechanisms
for avoiding notification loops. One type of notification loop can
be caused by message forwarding; however, such loops are prevented
because XMPP does not support forwarding of messages from one XMPP
address to another. Another type of notification loop can be caused
by auto-replies to XMPP messages received by the XMPP notification
service associated with the Sieve engine; therefore such a service
MUST NOT auto-reply to XMPP messages it receives.
The XMPP notification service associated with a Sieve engine MUST NOT
leak presence (network availability) information regarding users of
the service. In particular, the service MUST NOT reveal presence
information via a notify_method_capability test to entities that are
not authorized to know such information (e.g., via a presence
subscription as specified in [XMPP-IM]).
7. IANA Considerations
The following template provides the IANA registration of the Sieve
notification mechanism specified in this document:
To: iana@iana.org
Subject: Registration of new Sieve notification mechanism
Mechanism name: xmpp
Mechanism URI: draft-saintandre-rfc4622bis
Mechanism-specific options: none
Standards Track/IESG-approved experimental RFC number: this RFC
Person and email address to contact for further information:
Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@jabber.org>
This information should be added to the list of Sieve notification
mechanisms maintained at
<http://www.iana.org/assignments/sieve-notification>.
8. References
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8.1. Normative References
[NOTIFY] Melnikov, A., Leiba, B., Segmuller, W., and T. Martin,
"SIEVE Email Filtering: Notifications",
draft-ietf-sieve-notify-10 (work in progress),
November 2007.
[OOB] Saint-Andre, P., "Out of Band Data", XSF XEP 0066,
August 2006.
[QUERIES] Saint-Andre, P., "XMPP URI Scheme Query Components", XSF
XEP 0147, September 2006.
[SHIM] Saint-Andre, P. and J. Hildebrand, "Stanza Headers and
Internet Metadata", XSF XEP 0131, July 2006.
[SIEVE] Showalter, T. and P. Guenther, "Sieve: An Email Filtering
Language", draft-ietf-sieve-3028bis-13 (work in progress),
October 2007.
[TERMS] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[XMPP-URI]
Saint-Andre, P., "Internationalized Resource Identifiers
(IRIs) and Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) for the
Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)",
draft-saintandre-rfc4622bis-01 (work in progress),
June 2007.
8.2. Informative References
[HTTP] Fielding, R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H.,
Masinter, L., Leach, P., and T. Berners-Lee, "Hypertext
Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1", RFC 2616, June 1999.
[IMAP] Crispin, M., "INTERNET MESSAGE ACCESS PROTOCOL - VERSION
4rev1", RFC 3501, March 2003.
[IMAP-URL]
Melnikov, A. and C. Newman, "IMAP URL Scheme", RFC 5092,
November 2007.
[POP-URL] Gellens, R., "POP URL Scheme", RFC 2384, August 1998.
[IRI] Duerst, M. and M. Suignard, "Internationalized Resource
Identifiers (IRIs)", RFC 3987, January 2005.
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[UNICODE] The Unicode Consortium, "The Unicode Standard, Version
3.2.0", 2000.
The Unicode Standard, Version 3.2.0 is defined by The
Unicode Standard, Version 3.0 (Reading, MA, Addison-
Wesley, 2000. ISBN 0-201-61633-5), as amended by the
Unicode Standard Annex #27: Unicode 3.1
(http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr27/) and by the Unicode
Standard Annex #28: Unicode 3.2
(http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr28/).
[URI] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter, "Uniform
Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax", STD 66,
RFC 3986, January 2005.
[UTF-8] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO
10646", STD 63, RFC 3629, November 2003.
[XMPP] Saint-Andre, P., "Extensible Messaging and Presence
Protocol (XMPP): Core", RFC 3920, October 2004.
[XMPP-IM] Saint-Andre, P., "Extensible Messaging and Presence
Protocol (XMPP): Instant Messaging and Presence",
RFC 3921, October 2004.
Authors' Addresses
Peter Saint-Andre
XMPP Standards Foundation
Email: stpeter@jabber.org
URI: https://stpeter.im/
Alexey Melnikov
Isode Limited
Email: Alexey.Melnikov@isode.com
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