INTERNET-DRAFT B. Wijnen 3
IBM T. J. Watson Research 3
R. Presuhn 3
BMC Software, Inc. 3
K. McCloghrie 3
Cisco Systems, Inc. 3
28 October 1997 3
View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for the
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
<draft-ietf-snmpv3-acm-04.txt> 3
Status of this Memo
This document is an Internet-Draft. Internet-Drafts are working
documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas,
and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
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To learn the current status of any Internet-Draft, please check the
``1id-abstracts.txt'' listing contained in the Internet- Drafts Shadow
Directories on ds.internic.net (US East Coast), nic.nordu.net (Europe),
ftp.isi.edu (US West Coast), or munnari.oz.au (Pacific Rim).
Copyright Notice 3
3
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1997). All Rights Reserved. 3
3
Abstract
This document describes the View-based Access Control Model for use
in the SNMP architecture [SNMP-ARCH]. It defines the Elements of
Procedure for controlling access to management information. This
document also includes a MIB for remotely managing the configuration
parameters for the View-based Access Control Model.
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Table of Contents
0. Issues and Change Log 3
0.1. Resolved issues 3
0.2. Change Log 3
1. Introduction 7
1.2. Access Control 7
1.3. Local Configuration Datastore 8
2. Elements of the Model 9
2.1. Groups 9
2.2. securityLevel 9
2.3. Contexts 9
2.4. MIB Views and View Families 10
2.4.1. View Subtree 10
2.4.2. ViewTreeFamily 10
2.5. Access Policy 11
3. Elements of Procedure 12
3.1. Overview of isAccessAllowed Process 13
3.2. Processing the isAccessAllowed Service Request 14
4. Definitions 16
5. Intellectual Property 32
6. Acknowledgements 33
7. Security Considerations 34
7.1. Recommended Practices 34
7.2. Defining Groups 34
7.3. Conformance 35
8. References 36
9. Editors' Addresses 36
A.1. Installation Parameters 38
B. Full Copyright Statement 41
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0. Issues and Change Log
When we go to RFC status, we will remove all the text of section 0. 2
0.1. Resolved issues
- There is a reverse mapping from groupName to securityName, see
the vacmGroupListTable. However, given the amount of object
we're adding, we may want to remove/postpone this table?
Resolution: remove for now.
- Do we need/want the level of detail of errorIndication that
the isAccessAllowed primitive will return? Those who strongly
object to the details listed now, better let us know (on the
mailing list preferably) as soon as possible.
Resolution: yes.
- Should we use human readable strings or integers for an index for
the tables.
Resolution. It was decided at the 1st and 2nd interim meeting that
using human readable strings would be very helpful when humans
have to configure many of those tables. We must specify the size
limits for objects that have a human readable SnmpAdminString and
which are used for indexing. It seems that a size limit of 32
is appropriate and acceptable (although tight in some languages).
Note also, that the issue is not just ACM, it is a general issue
that applies to all MIBs in all documents.
- Ensure valid indices.
Resolution. String based indices now have a size limit to ensure
that the resulting OIDs for instances will not exceed the limits
defined in RFC1905.
- The initial "all-iso" MIB view was not workable.
Resolution. Define and use the "internet" MIB view instead.
0.2. Change Log
[version 6.3] - This is the October 28 version 3
- these changes are marked with a revision-code "3" in right margin 3
- Adjusted layout per RFC 2223. 3
- Added copyright statements required by RFC 2026. 3
- post as I-D: <draft-ietf-snmpv3-acm-04.txt> 3
[version 6.2] - This is the September 30 version 2
- these changes are marked with a revision-code "2" in right margin 2
- fix writeup of vacmAccessTable (comments Dave Levi) 2
- Quick spell check. 2
- SMICng compile the mib to verify correct syntax 2
- paginate. 2
- post as I-D: <draft-ietf-snmpv3-acm-03.txt> 2
2
[version 6.1] - This is the September 29 version |
- these changes are marked with a revision-code "|" in right margin |
- fixes based on comments by Dave Levy and Jeff Case | !
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- use vacmAccessSecurityModel as the index in vacmAccessTable |
- add text to section 1 to explain usage of SHOULD, MUST and such. |
- add a comma too e.g. and i.e. occurrences. |
- remove any un-referenced references from "references" section. |
- Quick spell check. |
- SMICng compile the mib to verify correct syntax |
|
[version 6.0] - This is the September 22 version |
- these changes are marked with a revision-code "|" in right margin |
- Be more specific on instance level granularity in |
vacmViewTreeFamilyTable |
- Add clarifying text to sections 5.1 and 5.2 |
- add clarifying text to vacmContextName DESCRIPTION clause |
- mark references that are (for now) just placeholders and not |
really referenced. |
- added text about not needing to support instance-level granularity |
for access control. Also explained what a manager can expect in |
that case. |
- Some changes based on Dave Perkins comments |
- viewSpinLock DESCRIPTION clause |
- diagram intro in section 3.1 |
- Some changes based on JDC comments |
- change in appendix A. |
- numbered the bullets in section 3.1 for easier reference. |
- New writeup for selection of proper entry from vacmAccessTable |
- Added vacmAccessSecurityModel in vacmAccessTable, which can take |
a value of any; had to renumber other columns as a result. |
- some more text changes to clarify text better. |
|
[version 5.2] - This is the August 1 version.
- Incorporate comments from Keith
- Incorporate comments from Randy
- Add figure to section 3
- Update References
- Update acknowledgement section
- Add reference to RowStatus TC when using RowStatus
- Spell check once more
- Paginate
- Post to I-D repository and SNMPv3 mailing list as:
<draft-ietf-snmpv3-acm-02.txt>
[version 5.1] - This is the July 28 version.
- Spell check
- SMICng check
[version 5.0] - This is the July 24 version.
- various types and editorial changes
- Adapt to latest Service Primitives
- remove vacmGroupListTable
- change index sequence for vacmSecurityToGroupTable
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- rename prefix from acm to vacm
- rename LoS to securityLevel
- Changes as a result of comments on snmpv3 list
- use the bridge MIB as an example instead of repeater MIB.
- rename "security-posture" to "initial-configuration"
[version 4.2] - This is the July 14 version.
- Address comments by Keith:
- Renumber section 2.4 to 2.5
- Add new sections 2.4, 2.4.1, 2.4.2 about MIB Views and Subtrees
and Families,
- Use some more precise language at various places.
- Add reference to RFC2119 about use of SHOULD and MUST
- rename the acmGroupTable to acmSecurityToGroupTable because that
much better indicates the function of this table.
- improved the writeup on statusInformation for the isAccessAllowed
primitive.
- paginate and generate table of contents
- posted as I-D <draft-ietf-snmpv3-acm-01.txt> on 15 July
[version 4.1] - This is the July 12 version.
- Adapt to latest list of Primitives/Parameters.
- Handle comments from co-editor Randy
- Added the SHOULD "initial" configuration
- Checked the MIB with SMICng
[version 4.0] - This is the July 7 version.
- Adopt to decisions/comments made are 2nd interim
- securityName to groupName mapping is in ACM
- out of the box configurations to be described as SHOULD
- UTF-8 issue still open, but move to general issue (ARCH)
where the SnmpAdminString is defined.
- ACM returns errorIndication based on which the caller
may increment error counter which may result in a
Report PDU.
- No statistics counters are kept in ACM
- removed viewTable; added acmViewSpinLock
- Address various comments from co-editors (Randy and Keith)
- Address comments made on mailing list(s).
[version 3.1] - This is the June 18 version.
- remove old (resolved) issues
- list new issues
- corrections/additions by myself (Bert)
- corrections based on dbh comments
- removed change log of before 1st interim meeting.
[version 3.0] - this is the first ACM document (June 12 version).
- Modifications as agreed at 1st Interim Meeting
- Make Access Control Module a separate document
- Use viewName as index instead of an integer
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- add notify_view
- use SnmpAdminString
- Other Modification
- use miId and securityModel
- add acmGroupTable
- add/rename Stats counters
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1. Introduction
The Architecture for describing Internet Management Frameworks
[SNMP-ARCH] describes that an SNMP engine is composed of:
1) a Dispatcher
2) a Message Processing Subsystem,
3) a Security Subsystem, and
4) an Access Control Subsystem.
Applications make use of the services of these subsystems.
It is important to understand the SNMP architecture and its
terminology to understand where the View-based Access Control
Model described in this document fits into the architecture and
interacts with other subsystems within the architecture. The
reader is expected to have read and understood the description and
terminology of the SNMP architecture, as defined in [SNMP-ARCH].
The Access Control Subsystem of an SNMP engine has the
responsibility for checking whether a specific type of access
(read, write, notify) to a particular object (instance) is allowed.
It is the purpose of this document to define a specific model of
the Access Control Subsystem, designated the View-based Access
Control Model. Note that this is not necessarily the only Access |
Control Model. |
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", |
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this |
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. |
1.2. Access Control
Access Control occurs (either implicitly or explicitly) in an SNMP
entity when processing SNMP retrieval or modification request
messages from an SNMP entity. For example a Command Responder
application applies Access Control when processing requests that it
received from a Command Generator application. These requests
include these types of operations: GetRequest, GetNextRequest,
GetBulkRequest, and SetRequest operations.
Access Control also occurs in an SNMP entity when an SNMP
notification message is generated (by a Notification Originator
application). These notification messages include these types of
operations: InformRequest and SNMPv2-Trap operations.
The View-based Access Control Model defines a set of services that
an application (such as a Command Responder or a Notification
Originator application) can use for checking access rights.
It is the responsibility of the application to make the proper
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service calls for access checking.
1.3. Local Configuration Datastore
To implement the model described in this document, an SNMP entity
needs to retain information about access rights and policies.
This information is part of the SNMP engine's Local Configuration
Datastore (LCD). See [SNMP-ARCH] for the definition of LCD.
In order to allow an SNMP entity's LCD to be remotely configured,
portions of the LCD need to be accessible as managed objects.
A MIB module, the View-based Access Control Model Configuration
MIB, which defines these managed object types is included in
this document.
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2. Elements of the Model
This section contains definitions to realize the access control
service provided by the View-based Access Control Model.
2.1. Groups
A group is a set of zero or more <securityModel, securityName>
tuples on whose behalf SNMP management objects can be accessed.
A group defines the access rights afforded to all securityNames
which belong to that group. The combination of a securityModel
and a securityName maps to at most one group. A group is
identified by a groupName.
The Access Control module assumes that the securityName has already
been authenticated as needed and provides no further authentication
of its own.
The View-based Access Control Model uses the securityModel and the
securityName as inputs to the Access Control module when called to
check for access rights. It determines the groupName as a function
of securityModel and securityName.
2.2. securityLevel
Different access rights for members of a group can be defined for
different levels of security, i.e., noAuthNoPriv, authNoPriv, and |
authPriv. The securityLevel identifies the level of security that |
will be assumed when checking for access rights. See the SNMP |
Architecture document [SNMP-ARCH] for a definition of securityLevel. |
The View-based Access Control Model requires that the securityLevel
is passed as input to the Access Control module when called to check
for access rights.
2.3. Contexts
An SNMP context is a collection of management information
accessible by an SNMP entity. An item of management information
may exist in more than one context. An SNMP entity potentially
has access to many contexts. Details about the naming of
management information can be found in the SNMP Architecture
document [SNMP-ARCH].
The View-based Access Control Model defines a vacmContextTable that
lists the locally available contexts by contextName.
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2.4. MIB Views and View Families
For security reasons, it is often valuable to be able to restrict
the access rights of some groups to only a subset of the management
information in the management domain. To provide this capability,
access to a context is via a "MIB view" which details a specific
set of managed object types (and optionally, the specific instances
of object types) within that context. For example, for a given
context, there will typically always be one MIB view which provides
access to all management information in that context, and often
there will be other MIB views each of which contains some subset of
the information. So, the access allowed for a group can be
restricted in the desired manner by specifying its rights in terms
of the particular (subset) MIB view it can access within each
appropriate context.
Since managed object types (and their instances) are identified via
the tree-like naming structure of ISO's OBJECT IDENTIFIERs
[ISO-ASN.1, RFC1902], it is convenient to define a MIB view as the
combination of a set of "view subtrees", where each view subtree is
a subtree within the managed object naming tree. Thus, a simple
MIB view (e.g., all managed objects within the Internet Network
Management Framework) can be defined as a single view subtree,
while more complicated MIB views (e.g., all information relevant to
a particular network interface) can be represented by the union of
multiple view subtrees.
While any set of managed objects can be described by the union of
some number of view subtrees, situations can arise that would
require a very large number of view subtrees. This could happen,
for example, when specifying all columns in one conceptual row of a
MIB table because they would appear in separate subtrees, one per
column, each with a very similar format. Because the formats are
similar, the required set of subtrees can easily be aggregated into
one structure. This structure is named a family of view subtrees
after the set of subtrees that it conceptually represents. A family
of view subtrees can either be included or excluded from a MIB view.
2.4.1. View Subtree
A view subtree is the set of all MIB object instances which have a
common ASN.1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER prefix to their names. A view
subtree is identified by the OBJECT IDENTIFIER value which is the
longest OBJECT IDENTIFIER prefix common to all (potential) MIB
object instances in that subtree.
2.4.2. ViewTreeFamily
A family of view subtrees is a pairing of an OBJECT IDENTIFIER value
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(called the family name) together with a bit string value (called
the family mask). The family mask indicates which sub-identifiers
of the associated family name are significant to the family's
definition.
For each possible managed object instance, that instance belongs to
a particular ViewTreeFamily if both of the following conditions
are true:
- the OBJECT IDENTIFIER name of the managed object instance contains
at least as many sub-identifiers as does the family name, and
- each sub-identifier in the OBJECT IDENTIFIER name of the managed
object instance matches the corresponding sub-identifier of the
family name whenever the corresponding bit of the associated
family mask is non-zero.
When the configured value of the family mask is all ones, the view
subtree family is identical to the single view subtree identified
by the family name.
When the configured value of the family mask is shorter than
required to perform the above test, its value is implicitly
extended with ones. Consequently, a view subtree family having a
family mask of zero length always corresponds to a single view
subtree.
2.5. Access Policy
The View-based Access Control Model determines the access rights
of a group, representing zero or more securityNames which have
the same access rights. For a particular context, identified by
contextName, to which a group, identified by groupName, has access
using a particular securityModel and securityLevel, that group's
access rights are given by a read-view, a write-view and a
notify-view.
The read-view represents the set of object instances authorized for
the group when reading objects. Reading objects occurs when
processing a retrieval (for example a GetRequest, GetNextRequest,
GetBulkRequest) operation.
The write-view represents the set of object instances authorized for
the group when writing objects. Writing objects occurs when
processing a write (for example a Set) operation.
The notify-view represents the set of object instances authorized
for the group when sending objects in a notification, such as
when sending a notification (for example an Inform or SNMPv2-Trap).
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3. Elements of Procedure
This section describes the procedures followed by an Access Control
module that implements the View-based Access Control Model when
checking access rights as requested by an application (for example
a Command Responder or a Notification Originator application).
The abstract service primitive is:
statusInformation = -- success or errorIndication
isAccessAllowed(
securityModel -- Security Model in use
securityName -- principal who wants access
securityLevel -- Level of Security
viewType -- read, write, or notify view
contextName -- context containing variableName
variableName -- OID for the managed object
)
The abstract data elements are:
statusInformation - one of the following:
accessAllowed - a MIB view was found and access is granted.
notInView - a MIB view was found but access is denied.
The variableName is not in the configured
MIB view for the specified viewType (e.g., in |
the relevant entry in the vacmAccessTable).
noSuchView - no MIB view found because no view has been
configured for specified viewType (e.g., in |
the relevant entry in the vacmAccessTable).
noSuchContext - no MIB view found because of no entry in the
vacmContextTable for specified contextName.
noGroupName - no MIB view found because no entry has been
configured in the vacmSecurityToGroupTable
for the specified combination of
securityModel and securityName.
noAccessEntry - no MIB view found because no entry has been
configured in the vacmAccessTable for the
specified combination of contextName,
groupName (from vacmSecurityToGroupTable),
securityModel and securityLevel.
otherError - failure, an undefined error occurred.
securityModel - Security Model under which access is requested.
securityName - the principal on whose behalf access is requested.
securityLevel - Level of Security under which access is requested.
viewType - view to be checked (read, write or notify).
contextName - context in which access is requested.
variableName - object instance to which access is requested.
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3.1. Overview of isAccessAllowed Process
The following picture shows how the decision for access control is |
made by the View-based Access Control Model. |
|
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| +-> securityModel -+ |
| | (a) | |
| who -+ +-> groupName ----+ |
| (1) | | (x) | |
| +-> securityName --+ | |
| (b) | |
| | |
| where -> contextName ---------------------+ |
| (2) (e) | |
| | |
| | |
| +-> securityModel -------------------+ |
| | (a) | |
| how -+ +-> viewName -+ |
| (3) | | (y) | |
| +-> securityLevel -------------------+ | |
| (c) | +-> yes/no |
| | | decision |
| why ---> viewType (read/write/notify) ----+ | (z) |
| (4) (d) | |
| | |
| what --> object-type ------+ | |
| (5) (m) | | |
| +-> variableName (OID) ------+ |
| | (f) |
| which -> object-instance --+ |
| (6) (n) |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
How the decision for isAccessAllowed is made.
1) Inputs to the isAccessAllowed service are: |
(a) securityModel -- Security Model in use
(b) securityName -- principal who wants to access
(c) securityLevel -- Level of Security
(d) viewType -- read, write, or notify view
(e) contextName -- context containing variableName
(f) variableName -- OID for the managed object
-- this is made up of: |
- object-type (m) |
- object-instance (n) |
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2) The partial "who" (1), represented by the securityModel (a) and
the securityName (b), are used as the indices (a,b) into the
vacmSecurityToGroupTable to find a single entry that produces a
group, represented by groupName (x).
3) The "where" (2), represented by the contextName (e), the "who", |
represented by the groupName (x) from the previous step, and the
"how" (3), represented by securityModel (a) and securityLevel (c),
are used as indices (e,x,a,c) into the vacmAccessTable to find a
single entry that contains three MIB views.
4) The "why" (4), represented by the viewType (d), is used to select |
the proper MIB view, represented by a viewName (y), from the
vacmAccessEntry selected in the previous step. This viewName (y)
is an index into the vacmViewTreeFamilyTable and selects the set
of entries that define the variableNames which are included in
or excluded from the MIB view identified by the viewName (y).
5) The "what" (5) type of management data and "which" (6) particular |
instance, represented by the variableName (f), is then checked to
be in the MIB view or not, e.g., the yes/no decision (z). |
3.2. Processing the isAccessAllowed Service Request
This section describes the procedure followed by an Access Control
module that implements the View-based Access Control Model
whenever it receives an isAccessAllowed request.
1) The vacmContextTable is consulted for information about
the SNMP context identified by the contextName. If information
about this SNMP context is absent from the table, then an
errorIndication (noSuchContext) is returned to the calling
module.
2) The vacmSecurityToGroupTable is consulted for mapping the
securityModel and securityName to a groupName. If the
information about this combination is absent from the table,
then an errorIndication (noGroupName) is returned to the
calling module.
3) The vacmAccessTable is consulted for information about the
groupName, contextName, securityModel and securityLevel. If
information about this combination is absent from the table,
then an errorIndication (noAccessEntry) is returned to the
calling module.
4) a) If the viewType is "read", then the read view is used for
checking access rights.
b) If the viewType is "write", then the write view is used for
checking access rights.
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c) If the viewType is "notify", then the notify view is used
for checking access rights.
If the view to be used is the empty view (zero length viewName)
then an errorIndication (noSuchView) is returned to the calling
module.
5) a) If there is no view configured for the specified viewType,
then an errorIndication (noSuchView) is returned to the
calling module.
b) If the specified variableName (object instance) is not in the
MIB view (see DESCRIPTION clause for vacmViewTreeFamilyTable
in section 4), then an errorIndication (notInView) is returned
to the calling module.
Otherwise,
c) The specified variableName is in the MIB view.
A statusInformation of success (accessAllowed) is returned
to the calling module.
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4. Definitions
SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS
MODULE-COMPLIANCE, OBJECT-GROUP FROM SNMPv2-CONF
MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE,
snmpModules FROM SNMPv2-SMI
TestAndIncr,
RowStatus, StorageType FROM SNMPv2-TC
SnmpAdminString,
SnmpSecurityLevel,
SnmpSecurityModel FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB;
snmpVacmMIB MODULE-IDENTITY
LAST-UPDATED "9709290000Z" -- 29 Sep 1997, midnight |
ORGANIZATION "SNMPv3 Working Group"
CONTACT-INFO "WG-email: snmpv3@tis.com
Subscribe: majordomo@tis.com
In message body: subscribe snmpv3
Chair: Russ Mundy
Trusted Information Systems
postal: 3060 Washington Rd
Glenwood MD 21738
USA
email: mundy@tis.com
phone: +1-301-854-6889
Co-editor: Bert Wijnen
IBM T.J. Watson Research
postal: Schagen 33
3461 GL Linschoten
Netherlands
email: wijnen@vnet.ibm.com
phone: +31-348-432-794
Co-editor: Randy Presuhn
BMC Software, Inc
postal: 1190 Saratoga Avenue, Suite 130
San Jose, CA 95129-3433
USA
email: rpresuhn@bmc.com
phone: +1-408-556-0720
Co-editor: Keith McCloghrie
Cisco Systems, Inc.
postal: 170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-1706
USA
email: kzm@cisco.com
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phone: +1-408-526-5260
"
DESCRIPTION "The management information definitions for the
View-based Access Control Model for SNMP.
"
::= { snmpModules 10 } -- to be verified with IANA
-- Administrative assignments ****************************************
vacmMIBObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { snmpVacmMIB 1 }
vacmMIBConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { snmpVacmMIB 2 }
-- Information about Local Contexts **********************************
vacmContextTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VacmContextEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The table of locally available contexts.
This table provides information to SNMP Command
Generator applications so that they can properly
configure the vacmAccessTable to control access to
all contexts at the SNMP entity.
This table may change dynamically if the SNMP entity
allows that contexts are added/deleted dynamically
(for instance when its configuration changes). Such
changes would happen only if the management
instrumentation at that SNMP entity recognizes more
(or fewer) contexts.
The presence of entries in this table and of entries
in the vacmAccessTable are independent. That is, a
context identified by an entry in this table is not |
necessarily referenced by any entries in the |
vacmAccessTable; and the context(s) referenced by an
entry in the vacmAccessTable does not necessarily |
currently exist and thus need not be identified by an |
entry in this table. |
This table must be made accessible via the default
context so that Command Responder applications have
a standard way of retrieving the information.
This table is read-only. It cannot be configured via
SNMP.
"
::= { vacmMIBObjects 1 }
vacmContextEntry OBJECT-TYPE
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SYNTAX VacmContextEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "Information about a particular context."
INDEX {
vacmContextName
}
::= { vacmContextTable 1 }
VacmContextEntry ::= SEQUENCE
{
vacmContextName SnmpAdminString
}
vacmContextName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(0..32))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "A human readable name identifying a particular
context at a particular SNMP entity.
|
The empty contextName (zero length) represents the |
default context. |
"
::= { vacmContextEntry 1 }
-- Information about Groups ******************************************
vacmSecurityToGroupTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VacmSecurityToGroupEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "This table maps a combination of securityModel and
securityName into a groupName which is used to define
an access control policy for a group of principals.
"
::= { vacmMIBObjects 2 }
vacmSecurityToGroupEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VacmSecurityToGroupEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "An entry in this table maps the combination of a
securityModel and securityName into a groupName.
"
INDEX {
vacmSecurityModel,
vacmSecurityName
}
::= { vacmSecurityToGroupTable 1 }
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VacmSecurityToGroupEntry ::= SEQUENCE
{
vacmSecurityModel SnmpSecurityModel,
vacmSecurityName SnmpAdminString,
vacmGroupName SnmpAdminString,
vacmSecurityToGroupStorageType StorageType,
vacmSecurityToGroupStatus RowStatus
}
vacmSecurityModel OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpSecurityModel(1..2147483647) |
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The Security Model, by which the vacmSecurityName
referenced by this entry is provided.
Note, this object may not take the 'any' (0) value. |
"
::= { vacmSecurityToGroupEntry 1 }
vacmSecurityName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(1..32))
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The securityName for the principal, represented in a
Security Model independent format, which is mapped by
this entry to a groupName.
The securityName for a principal represented in a
Security Model independent format.
"
::= { vacmSecurityToGroupEntry 2 }
vacmGroupName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(1..32))
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The name of the group to which this entry (e.g., the |
combination of securityModel and securityName)
belongs.
This groupName is used as index into the
vacmAccessTable to select an access control policy.
"
::= { vacmSecurityToGroupEntry 3 }
vacmSecurityToGroupStorageType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX StorageType
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The storage type for this conceptual row.
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Conceptual rows having the value 'permanent' need not
allow write-access to any columnar objects in the row.
"
DEFVAL { nonVolatile }
::= { vacmSecurityToGroupEntry 4 }
vacmSecurityToGroupStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RowStatus
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The status of this conceptual row.
The RowStatus TC [RFC1903] requires that this
DESCRIPTION clause states under which circumstances
other objects in this row can be modified:
The value of this object has no effect on whether
other objects in this conceptual row can be modified.
"
::= { vacmSecurityToGroupEntry 5 }
-- Information about Access Rights ***********************************
vacmAccessTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VacmAccessEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The table of access rights for groups.
Each entry is indexed by a contextPrefix, a groupName
a securityModel and a securityLevel. To determine
whether access is allowed, one entry from this table
needs to be selected and the proper viewName from that
entry must be used for access control checking.
To select the proper entry, follow these steps: |
|
1) the set of possible matches is formed by the |
intersection of the following sets of entries: |
the set of entries with identical vacmGroupName |
the union of these two sets: |
- the set with identical vacmAccessContextPrefix |
- the set of entries with vacmAccessContextMatch |
value of 'prefix' and matching |
vacmAccessContextPrefix |
intersected with the union of these two sets: |
- the set of entries with identical |
vacmSecurityModel |
- the set of entries with vacmSecurityModel |
value of 'any' |
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intersected with the set of entries with |
vacmAccessSecurityLevel value less than or equal 2
to the requested securityLevel 2
|
2) if this set has only one member, we're done |
otherwise, it comes down to deciding how to weight |
the preferences between ContextPrefixes, |
SecurityModels, and SecurityLevels as follows: |
a) if the subset of entries with identical |
securityModels is not empty, discard the rest. |
b) if the subset of entries with identical |
vacmAccessContextPrefix is not empty, |
discard the rest |
c) discard all entries with ContextPrefixes shorter |
than the longest one remaining in the set |
d) select the entry with the highest securityLevel |
|
Please note that for securityLevel noAuthNoPriv, all |
groups are really equivalent since the assumption that |
the securityName has been authenticated does not hold. |
"
::= { vacmMIBObjects 4 }
vacmAccessEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VacmAccessEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "An access right configured in the Local Configuration
Datastore (LCD) authorizing access to an SNMP context.
"
INDEX { vacmGroupName,
vacmAccessContextPrefix,
vacmAccessSecurityModel, |
vacmAccessSecurityLevel
}
::= { vacmAccessTable 1 }
VacmAccessEntry ::= SEQUENCE
{
vacmAccessContextPrefix SnmpAdminString,
vacmAccessSecurityModel SnmpSecurityModel, |
vacmAccessSecurityLevel SnmpSecurityLevel,
vacmAccessContextMatch INTEGER,
vacmAccessReadViewName SnmpAdminString,
vacmAccessWriteViewName SnmpAdminString,
vacmAccessNotifyViewName SnmpAdminString,
vacmAccessStorageType StorageType,
vacmAccessStatus RowStatus
}
vacmAccessContextPrefix OBJECT-TYPE
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SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(0..32))
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "In order to gain the access rights allowed by this
conceptual row, a contextName must match exactly
(if the value of vacmAccessContextMatch is 'exact')
or partially (if the value of vacmAccessContextMatch
is 'prefix') to the value of the instance of this
object.
"
::= { vacmAccessEntry 1 }
vacmAccessSecurityModel OBJECT-TYPE |
SYNTAX SnmpSecurityModel |
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible |
STATUS current |
DESCRIPTION "In order to gain the access rights allowed by this |
conceptual row, this securityModel must be in use. |
" |
::= { vacmAccessEntry 2 } |
vacmAccessSecurityLevel OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpSecurityLevel
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The minimum level of security required in order to
gain the access rights allowed by this conceptual
row. A securityLevel of noAuthNoPriv is less than
authNoPriv which in turn is less than authPriv.
If multiple entries are equally indexed except for
this vacmAccessSecurityLevel index, then the entry
which has the highest value for
vacmAccessSecurityLevel wins.
"
::= { vacmAccessEntry 3 } |
vacmAccessContextMatch OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER
{ exact (1), -- exact match of prefix and contextName
prefix (2) -- Only match to the prefix
}
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "If the value of this object is exact(1), then all
rows where the contextName exactly matches
vacmAccessContextPrefix are selected.
If the value of this object is prefix(2), then all
rows where the contextName whose starting octets
exactly match vacmAccessContextPrefix are selected.
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This allows for a simple form of wildcarding.
See also the example in the DESCRIPTION clause of
the vacmAccessTable above.
"
::= { vacmAccessEntry 4 } |
vacmAccessReadViewName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(0..32))
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The value of an instance of this object identifies
the MIB view of the SNMP context to which this
conceptual row authorizes read access.
The identified MIB view is that one for which the
vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName has the same value as the
instance of this object; if the value is the empty
string or if there is no active MIB view having this
value of vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName, then no access
is granted.
"
DEFVAL { ''H } -- the empty string
::= { vacmAccessEntry 5 } |
vacmAccessWriteViewName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(0..32))
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The value of an instance of this object identifies
the MIB view of the SNMP context to which this
conceptual row authorizes write access.
The identified MIB view is that one for which the
vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName has the same value as the
instance of this object; if the value is the empty
string or if there is no active MIB view having this
value of vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName, then no access
is granted.
"
DEFVAL { ''H } -- the empty string
::= { vacmAccessEntry 6 } |
vacmAccessNotifyViewName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(0..32))
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The value of an instance of this object identifies
the MIB view of the SNMP context to which this
conceptual row authorizes access for notifications.
The identified MIB view is that one for which the
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vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName has the same value as the
instance of this object; if the value is the empty
string or if there is no active MIB view having this
value of vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName, then no access
is granted.
"
DEFVAL { ''H } -- the empty string
::= { vacmAccessEntry 7 } |
vacmAccessStorageType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX StorageType
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The storage type for this conceptual row.
Conceptual rows having the value 'permanent' need not
allow write-access to any columnar objects in the row.
"
DEFVAL { nonVolatile }
::= { vacmAccessEntry 8 } |
vacmAccessStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RowStatus
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The status of this conceptual row.
The RowStatus TC [RFC1903] requires that this
DESCRIPTION clause states under which circumstances
other objects in this row can be modified:
The value of this object has no effect on whether
other objects in this conceptual row can be modified.
"
::= { vacmAccessEntry 9 } |
-- Information about MIB views ***************************************
-- Support for instance-level granularity is optional. |
-- |
-- In some implementations, instance-level access control |
-- granularity may come at a high performance cost. Managers |
-- should avoid requesting such configurations unnecessarily. |
vacmMIBViews OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vacmMIBObjects 5 }
vacmViewSpinLock OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TestAndIncr
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "An advisory lock used to allow cooperating SNMP
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Command Generator applications to coordinate their
use of the Set operation in creating or modifying |
views. |
When creating a new view or altering an existing
view, it is important to understand the potential
interactions with other uses of the view. The
vacmViewSpinLock should be retrieved. The name of
the view to be created should be determined to be
unique by the SNMP Command Generator application by
consulting the vacmViewTreeFamilyTable. Finally,
the named view may be created (Set), including the
advisory lock.
If another SNMP Command Generator application has
altered the views in the meantime, then the spin
lock's value will have changed, and so this creation
will fail because it will specify the wrong value for
the spin lock.
Since this is an advisory lock, the use of this lock
is not enforced.
"
::= { vacmMIBViews 1 }
vacmViewTreeFamilyTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VacmViewTreeFamilyEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "Locally held information about families of subtrees
within MIB views.
Each MIB view is defined by two sets of view subtrees:
- the included view subtrees, and
- the excluded view subtrees.
Every such view subtree, both the included and the
excluded ones, is defined in this table.
To determine if a particular object instance is in
a particular MIB view, compare the object instance's
OBJECT IDENTIFIER with each of the MIB view's active
entries in this table. If none match, then the
object instance is not in the MIB view. If one or
more match, then the object instance is included in,
or excluded from, the MIB view according to the
value of vacmViewTreeFamilyType in the entry whose
value of vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree has the most
sub-identifiers. If multiple entries match and have
the same number of sub-identifiers, then the
lexicographically greatest instance of
vacmViewTreeFamilyType determines the inclusion or
exclusion.
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An object instance's OBJECT IDENTIFIER X matches an
active entry in this table when the number of
sub-identifiers in X is at least as many as in the
value of vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree for the entry,
and each sub-identifier in the value of
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree matches its corresponding
sub-identifier in X. Two sub-identifiers match
either if the corresponding bit of the value of
vacmViewTreeFamilyMask for the entry is zero (the
'wild card' value), or if they are equal.
A 'family' of subtrees is the set of subtrees defined
by a particular combination of values of
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree and vacmViewTreeFamilyMask.
In the case where no 'wild card' is defined in the
vacmViewTreeFamilyMask, the family of subtrees reduces
to a single subtree.
When creating or changing MIB views, an SNMP Command
Generator application should utilize the
vacmViewSpinLock to try to avoid collisions. See
DESCRIPTION clause of vacmViewSpinLock.
When creating MIB views, it is strongly advised that
first the 'excluded' vacmViewTreeFamilyEntries are
created and then the 'included' entries.
When deleting MIB views, it is strongly advised that
first the 'included' vacmViewTreeFamilyEntries are
deleted and then the 'excluded' entries.
|
If a create for an entry for instance-level access |
control is received and the implementation does not |
support instance-level granularity, then an |
inconsistentName error must be returned. |
"
::= { vacmMIBViews 2 }
vacmViewTreeFamilyEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VacmViewTreeFamilyEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "Information on a particular family of view subtrees
included in or excluded from a particular SNMP
context's MIB view.
Implementations must not restrict the number of
families of view subtrees for a given MIB view,
except as dictated by resource constraints on the
overall number of entries in the
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vacmViewTreeFamilyTable.
If no conceptual rows exist in this table for a given |
MIB view (viewName), that view may be thought of as |
consisting of the empty set of view subtrees. |
"
INDEX { vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName,
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree
}
::= { vacmViewTreeFamilyTable 1 }
VacmViewTreeFamilyEntry ::= SEQUENCE
{
vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName SnmpAdminString,
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
vacmViewTreeFamilyMask OCTET STRING,
vacmViewTreeFamilyType INTEGER,
vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType StorageType,
vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus RowStatus
}
vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(1..32))
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The human readable name for a family of view subtrees.
"
::= { vacmViewTreeFamilyEntry 1 }
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OBJECT IDENTIFIER
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The MIB subtree which when combined with the
corresponding instance of vacmViewTreeFamilyMask
defines a family of view subtrees.
"
::= { vacmViewTreeFamilyEntry 2 }
vacmViewTreeFamilyMask OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (0..16))
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The bit mask which, in combination with the
corresponding instance of vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree,
defines a family of view subtrees.
Each bit of this bit mask corresponds to a
sub-identifier of vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree, with the
most significant bit of the i-th octet of this octet
string value (extended if necessary, see below)
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corresponding to the (8*i - 7)-th sub-identifier, and
the least significant bit of the i-th octet of this
octet string corresponding to the (8*i)-th
sub-identifier, where i is in the range 1 through 16.
Each bit of this bit mask specifies whether or not
the corresponding sub-identifiers must match when
determining if an OBJECT IDENTIFIER is in this
family of view subtrees; a '1' indicates that an
exact match must occur; a '0' indicates 'wild card',
i.e., any sub-identifier value matches.
Thus, the OBJECT IDENTIFIER X of an object instance
is contained in a family of view subtrees if, for
each sub-identifier of the value of
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree, either:
the i-th bit of vacmViewTreeFamilyMask is 0, or
the i-th sub-identifier of X is equal to the i-th
sub-identifier of the value of
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree.
If the value of this bit mask is M bits long and
there are more than M sub-identifiers in the
corresponding instance of vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree,
then the bit mask is extended with 1's to be the
required length.
Note that when the value of this object is the
zero-length string, this extension rule results in
a mask of all-1's being used (i.e., no 'wild card'),
and the family of view subtrees is the one view
subtree uniquely identified by the corresponding
instance of vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree.
Note that masks of length greater than zero length
do not need to be supported. In this case this |
object is made read-only. |
"
DEFVAL { ''H }
::= { vacmViewTreeFamilyEntry 3 }
vacmViewTreeFamilyType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { included(1), excluded(2) }
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "Indicates whether the corresponding instances of
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree and vacmViewTreeFamilyMask
define a family of view subtrees which is included in
or excluded from the MIB view.
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"
DEFVAL { included }
::= { vacmViewTreeFamilyEntry 4 }
vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX StorageType
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The storage type for this conceptual row.
Conceptual rows having the value 'permanent' need not
allow write-access to any columnar objects in the row.
"
DEFVAL { nonVolatile }
::= { vacmViewTreeFamilyEntry 5 }
vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RowStatus
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The status of this conceptual row.
The RowStatus TC [RFC1903] requires that this
DESCRIPTION clause states under which circumstances
other objects in this row can be modified:
The value of this object has no effect on whether
other objects in this conceptual row can be modified.
"
::= { vacmViewTreeFamilyEntry 6 }
-- Conformance information *******************************************
vacmMIBCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vacmMIBConformance 1 }
vacmMIBGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vacmMIBConformance 2 }
-- Compliance statements *********************************************
vacmMIBCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "The compliance statement for SNMP engines which
implement the SNMP View-based Access Control Model
configuration MIB.
"
MODULE -- this module
MANDATORY-GROUPS { vacmBasicGroup }
OBJECT vacmAccessContextMatch
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION "Write access is not required."
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OBJECT vacmAccessReadViewName
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION "Write access is not required."
OBJECT vacmAccessWriteViewName
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION "Write access is not required."
OBJECT vacmAccessNotifyViewName
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION "Write access is not required."
OBJECT vacmAccessStorageType
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION "Write access is not required."
OBJECT vacmAccessStatus
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION "Create/delete/modify access to the |
vacmAccessTable is not required. |
"
OBJECT vacmViewTreeFamilyMask
WRITE-SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (0))
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION "Support for configuration via SNMP of subtree
families using wild-cards is not required.
"
OBJECT vacmViewTreeFamilyType
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION "Write access is not required."
OBJECT vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION "Write access is not required."
OBJECT vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION "Create/delete/modify access to the |
vacmViewTreeFamilyTable is not required. |
"
::= { vacmMIBCompliances 1 }
-- Units of conformance **********************************************
vacmBasicGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
vacmContextName,
vacmGroupName,
vacmSecurityToGroupStorageType,
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vacmSecurityToGroupStatus,
vacmAccessContextMatch,
vacmAccessReadViewName,
vacmAccessWriteViewName,
vacmAccessNotifyViewName,
vacmAccessStorageType,
vacmAccessStatus,
vacmViewSpinLock,
vacmViewTreeFamilyMask,
vacmViewTreeFamilyType,
vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType,
vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "A collection of objects providing for remote
configuration of an SNMP engine which implements
the SNMP View-based Access Control Model.
"
::= { vacmMIBGroups 1 }
END
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5. Intellectual Property
The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any 3
intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to 3
pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in 3
this document or the extent to which any license under such rights 3
might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it 3
has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on the 3
IETF's procedures with respect to rights in standards-track and 3
standards-related documentation can be found in BCP-11. Copies of 3
claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of 3
licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to 3
obtain a general license or permission for the use of such 3
proprietary rights by implementors or users of this specification can 3
be obtained from the IETF Secretariat. 3
3
The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any 3
copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary 3
rights which may cover technology that may be required to practice 3
this standard. Please address the information to the IETF Executive 3
Director. 3
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6. Acknowledgements 3
This document is the result of the efforts of the SNMPv3 Working Group.
Some special thanks are in order to the following SNMPv3 WG members:
Dave Battle (SNMP Research, Inc.)
Uri Blumenthal (IBM T.J. Watson Research Center)
Jeff Case (SNMP Research, Inc.)
John Curran (BBN)
T. Max Devlin (Hi-TECH Connections)
John Flick (Hewlett Packard)
David Harrington (Cabletron Systems Inc.)
N.C. Hien (IBM T.J. Watson Research Center)
Dave Levi (SNMP Research, Inc.)
Louis A Mamakos (UUNET Technologies Inc.)
Paul Meyer (Secure Computing Corporation)
Keith McCloghrie (Cisco Systems)
Russ Mundy (Trusted Information Systems, Inc.)
Bob Natale (ACE*COMM Corporation)
Mike O'Dell (UUNET Technologies Inc.)
Dave Perkins (DeskTalk)
Peter Polkinghorne (Brunel University)
Randy Presuhn (BMC Software, Inc.)
David Reid (SNMP Research, Inc.)
Shawn Routhier (Epilogue)
Juergen Schoenwaelder (TU Braunschweig)
Bob Stewart (Cisco Systems)
Bert Wijnen (IBM T.J. Watson Research Center)
The document is based on recommendations of the IETF Security and
Administrative Framework Evolution for SNMP Advisory Team.
Members of that Advisory Team were:
David Harrington (Cabletron Systems Inc.)
Jeff Johnson (Cisco Systems)
David Levi (SNMP Research Inc.)
John Linn (Openvision)
Russ Mundy (Trusted Information Systems) chair
Shawn Routhier (Epilogue)
Glenn Waters (Nortel)
Bert Wijnen (IBM T. J. Watson Research Center)
As recommended by the Advisory Team and the SNMPv3 Working Group
Charter, the design incorporates as much as practical from previous
RFCs and drafts. As a result, special thanks are due to the authors
of previous designs known as SNMPv2u and SNMPv2*:
Jeff Case (SNMP Research, Inc.)
David Harrington (Cabletron Systems Inc.)
David Levi (SNMP Research, Inc.)
Keith McCloghrie (Cisco Systems)
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Brian O'Keefe (Hewlett Packard)
Marshall T. Rose (Dover Beach Consulting)
Jon Saperia (BGS Systems Inc.)
Steve Waldbusser (International Network Services)
Glenn W. Waters (Bell-Northern Research Ltd.)
7. Security Considerations 3
7.1. Recommended Practices 3
This document is meant for use in the SNMP architecture. The
View-based Access Control Model described in this document checks
access rights to management information based on:
- contextName, representing a set of management information at the
managed system where the Access Control module is running.
- groupName, representing a set of zero or more securityNames.
The combination of a securityModel and a securityName is mapped
into a group in the View-based Access Control Model.
- securityModel under which access is requested.
- securityLevel under which access is requested.
- operation performed on the management information.
- MIB views for read, write or notify access.
When the User-based Access Control module is called for checking
access rights, it is assumed that the calling module has ensured
the authentication and privacy aspects as specified by the
securityLevel that is being passed.
When creating entries in or deleting entries from the |
vacmViewFamiliyTreeTable it is important to do such in the sequence 2
as recommended in the DESCRIPTION clause of the vacmViewFamilityTable 2
definition. Otherwise unwanted access may be granted while changing |
the entries in the table. |
7.2. Defining Groups 3
The groupNames are used to give access to a group of zero or more
securityNames. Within the View-Based Access Control Model, a
groupName is considered to exist if that groupName is listed in the
vacmSecurityToGroupTable.
By mapping the combination of a securityModel and securityName into
a groupName, an SNMP Command Generator application can add/delete
securityNames to/from a group, if proper access is allowed.
|
Further it is important to realize that the grouping of |
<securityModel, securityName> tuples in the vacmSecurityToGroupTable 2
does not take securityLevel into account. It is therefore important |
that the security administrator uses the securityLevel index in the |
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vacmAccessTable to separate noAuthNoPriv from authPriv and/or 2
authNoPriv access.
7.3. Conformance 3
For an implementation of the View-based Access Control Model to be
conformant, it MUST implement the SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB. It also
SHOULD implement the initial configuration, described in appendix A. |
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8. References
3
[RFC1902] The SNMPv2 Working Group, Case, J., McCloghrie, K.,
Rose, M., and S., Waldbusser, "Structure of Management
Information for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management
Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1902, January 1996.
[RFC1903] The SNMPv2 Working Group, Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M., |
and S. Waldbusser, "Textual Conventions for Version 2 of the Simple |
Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1903, January 1996. |
|
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate 2
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. 3
[SNMP-ARCH] The SNMPv3 Working Group, Harrington, D., Wijnen, B., 2
Presuhn, R., "An Architecture for describing SNMP Management 2
Frameworks", draft-ietf-snmpv3-next-gen-arch-06.txt, 3
October 1997. 3
[SNMP-MPD] The SNMPv3 Working Group, Case, J., Harrington, D., 2
Wijnen, B., Presuhn, R., "Message Processing and Dispatching for 2
the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", 2
draft-ietf-snmpv3-v3mpc-model-06.txt, October 1997. 3
[ISO-ASN.1] Information processing systems - Open Systems
Interconnection - Specification of Abstract Syntax Notation One
(ASN.1), International Organization for Standardization.
International Standard 8824, (December, 1987).
9. Editors' Addresses 3
Co-editor: Bert Wijnen
IBM T. J. Watson Research
postal: Schagen 33
3461 GL Linschoten
Netherlands
email: wijnen@vnet.ibm.com
phone: +31-348-432-794
Co-editor: Randy Presuhn
BMC Software, Inc
postal: 1190 Saratoga Avenue, Suite 130
San Jose, CA 95129-3433
USA
email: rpresuhn@bmc.com
phone: +1-408-556-0720
Co-editor: Keith McCloghrie
Cisco Systems, Inc.
postal: 170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-1706
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USA
email: kzm@cisco.com
phone: +1-408-526-5260
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APPENDIX A - Installation
A.1. Installation Parameters
During installation, an authoritative SNMP engine which supports this |
View-based Access Control Model SHOULD be configured with several |
initial parameters. |
These include for the View-based Access Control Model:
1) A security configuration
The choice of security configuration determines if initial
configuration is implemented and if so how.
One of three possible choices is selected:
- initial-minimum-security-configuration
- initial-semi-security-configuration
- initial-no-access-configuration
In the case of a initial-no-access-configuration, there is no
initial configuration, and so the following steps are irrelevant.
2) A default context
One entry in the vacmContextTable with a contextName of "" (the
empty string), representing the default context. Note that this
table gets created automatically if a default context exists.
no privacy support privacy support
------------------ ---------------
vacmContextName "" ""
3) An initial group
One entry in the vacmSecurityToGroupTable to allow access to group
"initial".
no privacy support privacy support
------------------ ---------------
vacmSecurityModel 3 (USM) 3 (USM)
vacmSecurityName "initial" "initial"
vacmGroupName "initial" "initial"
vacmSecurityToGroupStorageType anyValidStorageType anyValidStorageType
vacmSecurityToGroupStatus active active
4) Initial access rights
Three entries in the vacmAccessTable as follows:
- read-notify access for securityModel USM, securityLevel
"noAuthNoPriv" on behalf of securityNames that belong to the
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group "initial" to the <restricted> MIB view in the default
context with contextName "".
- read-write-notify access for securityModel USM, securityLevel
"authNoPriv" on behalf of securityNames that belong to the
group "initial" to the <internet> MIB view in the default context
with contextName "".
- if privacy is supported,
read-write-notify access for securityModel USM, securityLevel
"authPriv" on behalf of securityNames that belong to the group
"initial" to the <internet> MIB view in the default context with
contextName "".
That translates into the following entries in the vacmAccessTable.
Those columns marked with (index) are index-only objects and are
not really present in this table.
- One entry to be used for unauthenticated access (noAuthNoPriv):
no privacy support privacy support
------------------ ---------------
vacmAccessContextPrefix "" ""
vacmGroupName (index) "initial" "initial"
vacmSecurityModel (index) 3 (USM) 3 (USM)
vacmAccessSecurityLevel noAuthNoPriv noAuthNoPriv
vacmAccessReadViewName "restricted" "restricted"
vacmAccessWriteViewName "" ""
vacmAccessNotifyViewName "restricted" "restricted"
vacmAccessStorageType anyValidStorageType anyValidStorageType
vacmAccessStatus active active
- One entry to be used for authenticated access but without
privacy (authNoPriv):
no privacy support privacy support
------------------ ---------------
vacmAccessContextPrefix "" ""
vacmGroupName (index) "initial" "initial"
vacmSecurityModel (index) 3 (USM) 3 (USM)
vacmAccessSecurityLevel authNoPriv authNoPriv
vacmAccessReadViewName "internet" "internet"
vacmAccessWriteViewName "internet" "internet"
vacmAccessNotifyViewName "internet" "internet"
vacmAccessStorageType anyValidStorageType anyValidStorageType
vacmAccessStatus active active
- One entry to be used for authenticated access with privacy
(authPriv):
no privacy support privacy support
------------------ ---------------
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vacmAccessContextPrefix ""
vacmGroupName (index) "initial"
vacmSecurityModel (index) 3 (USM)
vacmAccessSecurityLevel authPriv
vacmAccessReadViewName "internet"
vacmAccessWriteViewName "internet"
vacmAccessNotifyViewName "internet"
vacmAccessStorageType anyValidStorageType
vacmAccessStatus active
5) Two MIB views, of which the second one depends on the security
configuration.
- One view, the <internet> view, for authenticated access:
- the <internet> MIB view is the following subtree:
"internet" (subtree 1.3.6.1)
- A second view, the <restricted> view, for unauthenticated
access. This view is configured according to the selected
security configuration:
- For the initial-no-access-configuration there is no default
initial configuration, so no MIB views are pre-scribed.
- For the initial-semi-secure-configuration:
the <restricted> MIB view is the union of these subtrees:
(a) "system" (subtree 1.3.6.1.2.1.1) [RFC1907]
(b) "snmp" (subtree 1.3.6.1.2.1.11) [RFC1907]
(c) "snmpEngine" (subtree 1.3.6.1.6.3.7.2.1) [SNMP-ARCH]
(d) "snmpMPDStats" (subtree 1.3.6.1.6.3.8.2.1) [SNMP-MPD]
(e) "usmStats" (subtree 1.3.6.1.6.3.9.2.1) [SNMP-USM]
- For the initial-minimum-secure-configuration:
the <restricted> MIB view is the following subtree.
"internet" (subtree 1.3.6.1)
This translates into the following "internet" entry in the
vacmViewTreeFamilyTable:
minimum-secure semi-secure
---------------- ---------------
vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName "internet" "internet"
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree 1.3.6.1 1.3.6.1
vacmViewTreeFamilyMask "" ""
vacmViewTreeFamilyType 1 (included) 1 (included)
vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType anyValidStorageType anyValidStorageType
vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus active active
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In addition it translates into the following "restricted" entries
in the vacmViewTreeFamilyTable:
minimum-secure semi-secure
---------------- ---------------
vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName "restricted" "restricted"
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree 1.3.6.1 1.3.6.1.2.1.1
vacmViewTreeFamilyMask "" ""
vacmViewTreeFamilyType 1 (included) 1 (included)
vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType anyValidStorageType anyValidStorageType
vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus active active
vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName "restricted"
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree 1.3.6.1.2.1.11
vacmViewTreeFamilyMask ""
vacmViewTreeFamilyType 1 (included)
vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType anyValidStorageType
vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus active
vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName "restricted"
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree 1.3.6.1.6.3.7.2.1
vacmViewTreeFamilyMask ""
vacmViewTreeFamilyType 1 (included)
vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType anyValidStorageType
vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus active
vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName "restricted"
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree 1.3.6.1.6.3.8.2.1
vacmViewTreeFamilyMask ""
vacmViewTreeFamilyType 1 (included)
vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType anyValidStorageType
vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus active
vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName "restricted"
vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree 1.3.6.1.6.3.9.2.1
vacmViewTreeFamilyMask ""
vacmViewTreeFamilyType 1 (included)
vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType anyValidStorageType
vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus active
B. Full Copyright Statement 3
3
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1997). All Rights Reserved. 3
3
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to 3
others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it 3
or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published 3
and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any 3
kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph 3
are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this 3
document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing 3
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the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other 3
Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of 3
developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for 3
copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be 3
followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than 3
English. 3
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The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be 3
revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. 3
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This document and the information contained herein is provided on an 3
"AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING 3
TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING 3
BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION 3
HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 3
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