JOSE Working Group M. Jones
Internet-Draft Microsoft
Intended status: Standards Track J. Bradley
Expires: January 17, 2013 independent
N. Sakimura
Nomura Research Institute
July 16, 2012
JSON Web Signature JSON Serialization (JWS-JS)
draft-jones-jose-jws-json-serialization-01
Abstract
The JSON Web Signature JSON Serialization (JWS-JS) is a means of
representing content secured with digital signatures or Message
Authentication Codes (MACs) using JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)
data structures. This specification describes a means of
representing secured content as a JSON data object (as opposed to the
JWS specification, which uses a compact serialization with a URL-safe
representation). It enables multiple digital signatures and/or MACs
to be applied to the same content (unlike JWS). Cryptographic
algorithms and identifiers used with this specification are described
in the separate JSON Web Algorithms (JWA) specification. The JSON
Serialization for related encryption functionality is described in
the separate JSON Web Encryption JSON Serialization (JWE-JS)
specification.
Status of this Memo
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This Internet-Draft will expire on January 17, 2013.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
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document authors. All rights reserved.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1. Notational Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. JSON Serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. Example JWS-JS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
7. Open Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Appendix A. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Appendix B. Document History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
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1. Introduction
The JSON Web Signature JSON Serialization (JWS-JS) is a format for
representing content secured with digital signatures or Message
Authentication Codes (MACs) as a JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)
[RFC4627] object. It enables multiple digital signatures and/or MACs
to be applied to the same content (unlike JWS [JWS]). The digital
signature and MAC mechanisms used are independent of the type of
content being secured, allowing arbitrary content to be secured.
Cryptographic algorithms and identifiers used with this specification
are described in the separate JSON Web Algorithms (JWA) [JWA]
specification. The JSON Serialization for related encryption
functionality is described in the separate JSON Web Encryption JSON
Serialization (JWE-JS) [JWE-JS] specification.
1.1. Notational Conventions
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in Key words for use in
RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels [RFC2119].
2. Terminology
This specification uses the same terminology as the JSON Web
Signature (JWS) [JWS] specification.
3. JSON Serialization
The JSON Serialization represents secured content as a JSON object
with members for each of three constituent parts: a "headers" member
whose value is a non-empty array of Encoded JWS Header values, a
"payload" member whose value is an Encoded JWS Payload value, and a
"signatures" member whose value is a non-empty array of Encoded JWS
Signature values, where the number of elements in both arrays is the
same.
Unlike the compact serialization used by JWSs, content using the JSON
Serialization MAY be secured with more than one digital signature
and/or MAC value. Each is represented as an Encoded JWS Signature in
the "signatures" member array. For each, there is a corresponding
"headers" member array element that is an Encoded JWS Header
specifying the digital signature or MAC applied to the Encoded JWS
Header value and the Encoded JWS Payload value to create the JWS
Signature value. Therefore, the syntax is:
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{"headers":["<header 1 contents>",...,"<header N contents>"],
"payload":"<payload contents>",
"signatures":["<signature 1 contents>",...,"<signature N contents>"]
}
The contents of the Encoded JWS Header, Encoded JWS Payload, and
Encoded JWS Signature values are exactly as specified in JSON Web
Signature (JWS) [JWS]. They are interpreted and validated in the
same manner, with each corresponding "headers" and "signatures" value
being created or validated together. The arrays MUST have the same
number of elements.
The i'th JWS Signature value is computed on the JWS Secured Input
corresponding to the concatenation of the i'th Encoded JWS Header, a
period ('.') character, and the Encoded JWS Payload in the same
manner described in the JWS specification. This has the desirable
result that each Encoded JWS signature value in the "signatures"
array is identical to the value that would be used for the same
header and payload in a JWS.
4. Example JWS-JS
This section contains an example using the JWS JSON Serialization.
This example demonstrates the capability for conveying multiple
digital signatures and/or MACs for the same payload.
The Encoded JWS Payload used in this example is the same as used in
the examples in Appendix A of JWS (with line breaks for display
purposes only):
eyJpc3MiOiJqb2UiLA0KICJleHAiOjEzMDA4MTkzODAsDQogImh0dHA6Ly9leGFt
cGxlLmNvbS9pc19yb290Ijp0cnVlfQ
Two digital signatures are used in this example: an RSA SHA-256
signature, for which the header and signature values are the same as
in Appendix A.2 of JWS, and an ECDSA P-256 SHA-256 signature, for
which the header and signature values are the same as in Appendix A.3
of JWS. The two Decoded JWS Header Segments used are:
{"alg":"RS256"}
and:
{"alg":"ES256"}
Since the computations of the JWS Header and JWS Signature values are
the same as in Appendix A.2 and Appendix A.3 of JWS, they are not
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repeated here.
The complete JSON Web Signature JSON Serialization (JWS-JS) for these
values is as follows (with line breaks for display purposes only):
{"headers":[
"eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9",
"eyJhbGciOiJFUzI1NiJ9"],
"payload":"eyJpc3MiOiJqb2UiLA0KICJleHAiOjEzMDA4MTkzODAsDQogImh0
dHA6Ly9leGFtcGxlLmNvbS9pc19yb290Ijp0cnVlfQ",
"signatures":[
"cC4hiUPoj9Eetdgtv3hF80EGrhuB__dzERat0XF9g2VtQgr9PJbu3XOiZj5RZ
mh7AAuHIm4Bh-0Qc_lF5YKt_O8W2Fp5jujGbds9uJdbF9CUAr7t1dnZcAcQjbKBY
NX4BAynRFdiuB--f_nZLgrnbyTyWzO75vRK5h6xBArLIARNPvkSjtQBMHlb1L07Q
e7K0GarZRmB_eSN9383LcOLn6_dO--xi12jzDwusC-eOkHWEsqtFZESc6BfI7noO
PqvhJ1phCnvWh6IeYI2w9QOYEUipUTI8np6LbgGY9Fs98rqVt5AXLIhWkWywlVmt
VrBp0igcN_IoypGlUPQGe77Rw",
"DtEhU3ljbEg8L38VWAfUAqOyKAM6-Xx-F4GawxaepmXFCgfTjDxw5djxLa8IS
lSApmWQxfKTUJqPP3-Kg6NU1Q"]
}
5. IANA Considerations
This specification makes no requests of IANA.
6. Security Considerations
The security considerations for this specification are the same as
those for the JSON Web Signature (JWS) [JWS] specification.
7. Open Issues
[[ to be removed by the RFC editor before publication as an RFC ]]
The following items remain to be considered or done in this draft:
o Track changes that occur in the JWS spec.
8. References
8.1. Normative References
[JWA] Jones, M., "JSON Web Algorithms (JWA)", July 2012.
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[JWS] Jones, M., Bradley, J., and N. Sakimura, "JSON Web
Signature (JWS)", July 2012.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC4627] Crockford, D., "The application/json Media Type for
JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)", RFC 4627, July 2006.
8.2. Informative References
[JSS] Bradley, J. and N. Sakimura (editor), "JSON Simple Sign",
September 2010.
[JWE-JS] Jones, M., "JSON Web Encryption JSON Serialization
(JWE-JS)", July 2012.
[MagicSignatures]
Panzer (editor), J., Laurie, B., and D. Balfanz, "Magic
Signatures", January 2011.
Appendix A. Acknowledgements
JSON serializations for secured content were previously explored by
Magic Signatures [MagicSignatures] and JSON Simple Sign [JSS].
Appendix B. Document History
[[ to be removed by the RFC editor before publication as an RFC ]]
-01
o Generalized language to refer to Message Authentication Codes
(MACs) rather than Hash-based Message Authentication Codes
(HMACs).
-00
o Renamed draft-jones-json-web-signature-json-serialization to
draft-jones-jose-jws-json-serialization to have "jose" be in the
document name so it can be included in the Related Documents list
at http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/jose/. No normative changes.
draft-jones-json-web-signature-json-serialization-02
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o Tracked editorial changes made to the JWS spec.
draft-jones-json-web-signature-json-serialization-01
o Corrected the Magic Signatures reference.
draft-jones-json-web-signature-json-serialization-00
o Created the initial version incorporating JOSE working group input
and drawing from the JSON Serialization previously proposed in
draft-jones-json-web-token-01.
Authors' Addresses
Michael B. Jones
Microsoft
Email: mbj@microsoft.com
URI: http://self-issued.info/
John Bradley
independent
Email: ve7jtb@ve7jtb.com
Nat Sakimura
Nomura Research Institute
Email: n-sakimura@nri.co.jp
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