TRAM                                                        P. Martinsen
Internet-Draft                                              H. Wildfeuer
Intended status: Standards Track                                   Cisco
Expires: February 13, 2015                               August 12, 2014


 Differentiated prIorities and Status Code-points Using Stun Signalling
                               (DISCUSS)
                    draft-martinsen-tram-discuss-01

Abstract

   This draft describes a mechanism for information exchange between an
   application and the network.  The information provided from the
   application to the network MAY be used by a network element in the
   path to modify its behavior to improve application quality of
   experience (QoE).  Likewise, the information provided by the network
   to the application MAY be used by the application to modify its
   behavior to optimize for QoE.

Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on February 13, 2015.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.




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   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  General Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   3.  Network Processing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     3.1.  Packet Processing by Network Device . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     3.2.  Interaction with DSCP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   4.  Interaction with ICE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   5.  Multiplexed Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   6.  New STUN attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     6.1.  STREAM-TYPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     6.2.  BANDWIDTH-USAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     6.3.  STREAM-PRIORITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     6.4.  NETWORK-STATUS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   7.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   8.  Implementation Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     8.1.  NATtools  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   9.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   10. Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
   11. References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     11.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     11.2.  Informational References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15

1.  Introduction

   In the context of Content, Mobile, Fixed Service, Service Providers,
   Enterprise and Private networks have a need to prioritize packet
   flows end-to-end.  These flows are often dynamic, time-bound,
   encrypted, peer-to-peer, possibly asymmetric, and might have
   different priorities depending on network conditions, direction, time
   of the day, dynamic user preferences and other factors.  These
   factors may be time variant, and thus need to be signalled.
   Moreover, in many cases of peer-to-peer communication, flow
   information is known only to the endpoint.  These considerations,
   coupled with the trend to use encryption for browser-to-browser
   communication [I-D.ietf-rtcweb-security-arch], imply that access




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   lists, deep packet inspection and other static prioritization methods
   cannot be employed successfully to prioritize packet flows.

   The lack of congestion control in UDP may lead to problems as
   described in [I-D.eggert-tsvwg-rfc5405bis].  The mechanism described
   in this document can be used to introduce fairness and congestion
   control for UDP streams.

   There is a need for a solution that is easy for the application
   developer to use.  That means consistent behavior on all supported
   platforms and preferably without need of administrative privileges to
   set and read values.  The solution also needs to be able to cross
   administrative domains without the risk of being rewritten.  [[Q1:
   This draft will only offer tamper detection of some of the values.
   Further discussion regarding the incentive to lie is needed.
   --palmarti]]

   This draft describes how these problems can be solved by defining a
   few strictly defined STUN [RFC5389] attributes which can be added to
   any STUN message the client wants to send.  STUN messages are
   typically sent during the ICE [RFC5245] connectivity check phase when
   the media session is established, or when keep-alive STUN messages
   are sent after the session is established.  The application is not
   limited to those two scenarios, if some communication between
   application and network is needed it can choose to do so at any time.

   Devices on the media path can use the information in the STUN
   attributes to prioritize the flow, perform traffic engineering,
   provide network analytics or as a gateway to existing methods for
   prioritizing flows (DSCP [RFC2474]).  Applications can use
   information in network status attribute to influence rate stating
   points or rate adaption mechanisms.

2.  General Usage

   This draft defines several attributes that can be added to a STUN
   message; STREAM-TYPE, BANDWIDTH-USAGE, STREAM-PRIORITY and NETWORK-
   STATUS.  See Section 6 for the formal description.  It is RECOMMENDED
   to add them to a STUN request response pair, especially if the
   NETWORK-STATUS attribute is in use.  This allows the information
   gathered to be sent back to the requesting agent in the the STUN
   response.

   The STREAM-TYPE, BANDWIDTH-USAGE, STREAM-PRIORITY attributes MUST be
   added before any INTEGRITY attribute.  It is RECOMMENDED to only add
   these attributes to STUN messages containing a INTEGRITY attribute as
   this prevents tampering with the content of the attribute.




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   If the client wants to receive feedback from the network it must add
   a null NETWORK-STATUS attribute.  A null NETWORK_STATUS attribute is
   created by filling in the all the fields in the attribute with 0x0
   values.  This attribute MUST be added after the INTEGRITY attribute,
   as on-path devices may write information into this attribute.  Having
   a readily available attribute to write into will save the the on-path
   device from growing buffers to add their own attribute.  On path
   devices SHOULD not add their own NETWORK-STATUS attribute (or any
   other STUN attribute).

   If an agent receives a STUN request with a NETWORK-STATUS attribute
   after the INTEGRITY attribute, it should copy the content into a new
   NETWORK-STATUS attribute and add it before the INTEGRITY attribute
   when sending the STUN response.  A new null NETWORK-STATUS attribute
   can be added after the INTEGRITY attribute.  New STUN attributes
   described in this draft can also be added describing the stream in
   this direction.

   If an agent receives a STUN response with a NETWORK-STATUS attribute
   before the INTEGRITY attribute, this describes the stream in the
   upstream direction.  A NETWORK-STATUS attribute after the INTEGRITY
   attribute describes the stream in the downstream direction.

   It might make sense to distinguish DISCUSS packets from normal STUN
   packets.  This would prevent unnecessary processing of normal STUN
   packets on the network nodes.

   [[Q2: A few alternatives (Needs discussion): ---1: Alter the STUN
   magic cookie.  (But than i would not be a STUN packet anymore, and
   that raises a new set of problems) ---2: Add a special this is
   DISCUSS attribute.  This must be the first attribute in the message.
   This allows for network node to look for DISCUSS packets at a fixed
   offset without needing to parse the entire packet.  ---3: Alter the
   transaction id.  This might be problematic if using it in conjunction
   with ICE connectivity checks.  But probably fine in other scenarios.
   ---4: Define a new STUN Method.  Also brakes ICE, makes it harder to
   tag onto attributes to already in use messages.  --palmarti]]

   [[Q3: Do we want to restrict this to req/resp or do we want to allow
   for the attributes to be added in this fashion for indications as
   well? --palmarti]]










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     Alice                router1            router2              Bob
      |                      |                   |                  |
      |Binding_Request       |                   |                  |
   (1)|--------------------->|(2)                |                  |
      |                      |                   |                  |
      |                      |Binding_Request    |                  |
      |                      |------------------------------------->|
      |                      |                   |                  |
      |                      |                   | Binding_Response |
      |                      |                   |<-----------------|(3)
      |                      |  Binding_Response |                  |
      |<-----------------------------------------|(4)               |
      |(5)                   |                   |                  |


                           DISCUSS example flow

   1.  Alice creates a Binding Request, adds STREAM-TYPE, BANDWIDTH-
       USAGE, STREAM-PRIORITY attributes before the INTEGRITY attribute
       and a single null NETWORK-STATUS attribute after the INTEGRITY
       attribute.

   2.  Router1 inspects the STUN Request message and reads any STREAM-
       TYPE, BANDWIDTH-USAGE, or STREAM-PRIORITY attributes and the
       information they contain.  It then updates the NETWORK-STATUS
       attribute with any information the router have.  It then forwards
       the request.

   3.  Bob processes the STUN Request.  When Bob builds the response, it
       copies the NETWORK-STATUS attribute into the STUN Response before
       the INTEGRITY check and adds new null NETWORK-STATUS attribute
       after the INTEGRITY attribute.  Bob then transmits the message.

   4.  Router2 (first DISCUSS network element for the downstream
       direction) inspects the Response message, reads the STREAM-TYPE,
       BANDWIDTH-USAGE, or STREAM-PRIORITY attributes and MAY alter the
       NETWORK-STATUS attribute located after the INTEGRITY attribute.
       It then transmits the message.

   5.  When Alice receives the STUN Response, she can extract the
       STREAM-TYPE, BANDWIDTH-USAGE, or STREAM-PRIORITY attributes and
       the two NETWORK-STATUS attributes to get a complete picture of
       what the remote agent is sending and how the status of both the
       upstream and downstream path.







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3.  Network Processing

   This section describes the processing of DISCUSS packets by network
   devices.

3.1.  Packet Processing by Network Device

   Network devices are said to support DISCUSS if they perform
   inspection of packets being forward or switched in order to identify
   an DISCUSS STUN packet.  These devices will also be able to read/
   write STUN attributes to/from this packet.  It is not required that
   every network device in the path support DISCUSS.  It is expected
   that DISCUSS will have the most value being implemented at certain
   points in the network (PIN's) such as WAN edge devices, wireless
   access devices, and Internet gateways.

   Network devices that support DISCUSS MAY utilize the information
   provided by the application in the STUN attributes to modify their
   behavior.  These include the attributes defined in this document with
   the exception of the NETWORK-STATUS attribute.  The NETWORK-STATUS
   attribute SHOULD NOT be used by the DISCUSS capable network device to
   modify its behavior.  The intent of the NETWORK-STATUS attribute is
   for the application to modify its behavior.

   If the NETWORK-STATUS attributes exists in a DISCUSS packet after an
   INTEGRITY attribute, the DISCUSS capable network device MUST process
   it as described in this section.  NETWORK-STATUS attributes that
   exist before the INTEGRITY attribute MUST NOT be modified by the
   network device.  The modifications to the NETWORK-STATUS attribute
   are:

   o  Update the Node Cnt field in the attribute.  The device SHALL
      increment this field by one unless it is at its maximum
      (saturated) value.  If the field is at its maximum value, the
      device SHALL NOT modify this field.

   o  Overwrite the attribute CS bit if the value at this device is
      "worst" than the current value.  In other words, only write to
      this bit if the device is experiencing congestion on relevant
      queues/interfaces for this flow AND the current value of this
      field is 0 (Off).

   The determination of congestion at a device is out of the scope of
   this document.  Setting of CS bit to On by the device is meant to
   provide direct feedback to the application of potential or current
   loss of packets in its flow (s).  The application can then react to
   this indication by altering its encoding of information in the packet
   to deal with congestion/packet loss, e.g. reduce its encoding rate or



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   switch to embedded encoding.  Devices SHOULD ensure that the DISCUSS
   capable applications that do react to congestion notification by
   reducing their transmission rate be treated properly to ensure
   fairness with non reacting applications (i.e. ensure fairness for
   well behaving applications).

   The DISCUSS STUN packet SHOULD experience minimal extra processing
   delay through the DISCUSS capable network device relative to non-
   DISCUSS packets in the flow.  The DISCUSS STUN packet MAY be placed
   out of order in the packet flow, but SHOULD NOT be delayed more than
   a few packet interval times.

3.2.  Interaction with DSCP

   One of the attributes that may be added to the STUN packet by the
   application is the STREAM-PRIORITY attribute.  This attribute
   indicates the relative priority of streams inside of an application
   session.  This attribute is compatible with the use of DSCP (or other
   priority markings) at the networking layer as described in this
   section.

   Since transport layer markings may be modified by middle boxes or
   devices in the path or at the interface of the application itself due
   to the lack of support in the OS network stack, the STREAM-PRIORITY
   attribute can be used as a mechanism for ensuring proper QoS
   treatment through multiple domains.  DISCUSS capable device may use
   the STREAM-PRIORITY attribute to remark the DSCP value to the
   appropriate value.  DSCP re-marking based on STREAM-PRIORITY
   attribute may make sense at certain PIN's, e.g. gateway between
   network domains (e.g. managed network to/from Internet), access
   switches in managed network, etc.  The translation from the Priority
   number in the STREAM-PRIORITY attribute to the correct transport
   layer marking (e.g.  DSCP) is implementation specific and out of the
   scope of this document.

   [I-D.dhesikan-tsvwg-rtcweb-qos] provides the recommended DSCP values
   for webrtc enabled browsers to use for various classes of traffic.

4.  Interaction with ICE

   An ICE connectivity check is performed by sending a STUN Binding
   indication.  Prior to sending the agent can add one STREAM-TYPE
   attribute.  If added, only one MUST be added.  This is to avoid
   unnecessary large STUN packets during the connectivity checks.  If
   the connectivity check is sent on a 5-tuple that multiplexes
   different types of media and more detailed information wants to be
   signalled it should be done after the connectivity check phase is
   finished.



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   This limits the information the STUN messages are able to convey
   during the connectivity checks, but also avoids adding network
   confusion with BANDWIDTH-USAGE attributes describing different paths
   that never going to be utilized.

   [[Q4: Problem with consent freshness if not based on STUN.
   --palmarti]]

5.  Multiplexed Streams

   In some scenarios a 5-tuple can be used to transport several media
   streams.  BUNDLE [I-D.ietf-mmusic-sdp-bundle-negotiation] describes
   such a mechanism.

   When describing the stream with a STREAM-TYPE attribute there are two
   possibilities to describe the streams that are multiplexed.  Adding
   one attribute for each type (Audio, Video,++), or to save a few bits
   on the wire it is also possible to construct the STREAM-TYPE so a one
   type value describes several types.  For example audio have the value
   of 1 and application data have the value of 4.  If the STREAM_TYPE
   value is set to 5 the only combination that gives that is audio and
   application data.

   The other attributes BANDWIDTH-USAGE, STREAM-PRIORITY and NETWORK-
   STATUS SHOULD only be added once as they describe the behavior of the
   5-tuple and not individual streams.

6.  New STUN attributes

   This STUN extension defines the following new attributes:

         0xXXX0: STREAM-TYPE
         0xXXX1: BANDWIDTH-USAGE
         0xXXX2: STREAM-PRIORITY
         0xYYYY: NETWORK-STATUS

6.1.  STREAM-TYPE

   This attribute have a length that are multiples of 4 (32) so no
   padding is necessary.











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   0                   1                   2                   3
   0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |              TYPE             | Interactivity |               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


                      Figure 1: STREAM TYPE Attribute

   TYPE:  STREAM TYPE is a 16 bit value defined in Figure 2 below
      describing the flow.

        0x0001 Audio
        0x0002 Video
        0x0004 Application Data
        0x0008 Other

                          Figure 2: STREAM Types

   Interactivity:  Is a 8 bit value defined in Figure 3 below describing
      the flow.

        0x00 Undef
        0x01 Stream (Broadcast? Oneway?)
        0x02 Interactive

                       Figure 3: Interactivity Types

   It is possible to combine the stream types if a stream contains more
   than one type.

   If a 5-tuple is used to send both a audio and video stream, the
   stream type can be set to 0x0006.  This can be useful if the
   application wants to hint that the 5-tuple contains several streams,
   This is useful if the attribute is added to STUN binding requests
   during ICE connectivity checks.  If more information regarding
   multiplexed streams is needed it is possible to add more than one
   attribute to a STUN message (See section ??).  This can be done to
   STUN messages that are being sent after the connectivity check phase
   is finished (Keep-alive, consent freshness).  During this phase the
   added size of the STUN messages pose no security threat.

6.2.  BANDWIDTH-USAGE

   This attribute have a length that are multiples of 4 (32) so no
   padding is necessary.





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       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |             AVERAGE (kbps)    |           MAX (kbps)          |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


                    Figure 4: BANDWIDTH USAGE Attribute

   AVERAGE:  Expected sustained bandwidth usage for this stream.  Note
      that for elastic types of streams like video, sudden large
      movements in the picture my lead to this value being inaccurate.

   MAX:  The maximum bandwidth usage for this stream.  If the sustained
      and max value differ greatly it might be safe to assume that an
      elastic encoder is in use.  (Would it be useful to say something
      about expected BURST lengths?)

6.3.  STREAM-PRIORITY

   This attribute have a length that are multiples of 4 (32) so no
   padding is necessary.

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       | Priority      |D|    TBD      |           Stream IDX          |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                           Session ID                          |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


                    Figure 5: STREAM PRIORITY Attribute

   Priority:  Describes this streams priority among other streams coming
      from this endpoint/application (With same session ID).  Values
      range from 255 (0xFF) to 0.

   D: Delay sensitive.  The application can set this bit as a hint to
      the network element that the stream is delay sensitive.  (Unsure
      if this is useful)

   Stream IDX:  Application can choose set this to ease debugging in the
      network.  A reasonable value can foe example be the index have in
      the SDP.

   Session ID:  Identification to distinguish what session this stream
      is part of.  This MUST have the same value for all the media



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      streams the application wants to give differentiated services.
      (Note that this ID may overlap with other streams that originates
      from a different IP address.  The network element MUST only
      prioritize among streams with the same Session Id originating from
      the same IP)

6.4.  NETWORK-STATUS

   This attribute have a length that are multiples of 4 (32) so no
   padding is necessary.  The values are kept in the same attribute to
   make it easier for the network element to process it.  Only one
   attribute, with static placement of the fields.  [[Q5: Does this
   matter?  Could we have several attributes with possible different
   ordering without any problem for the network element?  --palmarti]]

   This attribute MUST be added after any INTEGRITY attribute in the
   STUN message.  Values in this attribute can be updated along the
   network path by nodes that are not able to regenerate a correct
   INTEGRITY attribute.

        0                   1                   2                   3
        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |C|    Flags    | Node Cnt      |             TBD               |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |   Up MAX Bitrate  (kbps)      | Down MAX Bitrate  (kbps)      |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+



                    Figure 6: NETWORK-STATUS Attribute

   C: Congestion Status.  This bit is set to indicate that there is
      congestion at the network device's relevant queues/interfaces for
      this flow.  The network element should set this bit to 1 (On) if
      it is experiencing congestion.  This bit is set to 0 (off) when
      the attribute is created by the application.  The application that
      sees this bit set might act on it by doing some rate adaption or
      similar action.

   Flags:  7 more bits available for flags.

   Node Cnt:  Numbers of nodes that supports DISCUSS in the network
      path.  Any router on the path that understands DISCUSS should
      increase this number.  This field is set to 0 when the attribute
      is created by the application.

   TBD:  16 more bits available for useful info.



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   Up MAX Bitrate:  Available MAX bit-rate the router is able to handle
      for the 5-tuple in the UP direction.  (Same direction as the
      packet is moving)

   Down MAX Bitrate:  Available MAX bit-rate the router is able to
      handle for the 5-tuple in the DOWN direction.  (Opposite direction
      as the packet is moving)

7.  IANA Considerations

   IANA is requested to add the following attributes to the STUN
   attribute registry [iana-stun],

   o  0xXXX0: STREAM-TYPE (0xXXX0, in the comprehension-optional range)

   o  0xXXX1: BANDWIDTH-USAGE (0xXXX1, in the comprehension-optional
      range)

   o  0xXXX2: STREAM-PRIORITY (0xXXX2, in the comprehension-optional
      range)

   o  0xYYYY: NETWORK-STATUS (0xYYYY, in the comprehension-optional
      range)

8.  Implementation Status

   [Note to RFC Editor: Please remove this section and reference to
   [RFC6982] prior to publication.]

   This section records the status of known implementations of the
   protocol defined by this specification at the time of posting of this
   Internet-Draft, and is based on a proposal described in [RFC6982].
   The description of implementations in this section is intended to
   assist the IETF in its decision processes in progressing drafts to
   RFCs.  Please note that the listing of any individual implementation
   here does not imply endorsement by the IETF.  Furthermore, no effort
   has been spent to verify the information presented here that was
   supplied by IETF contributors.  This is not intended as, and must not
   be construed to be, a catalog of available implementations or their
   features.  Readers are advised to note that other implementations may
   exist.

   According to [RFC6982], "this will allow reviewers and working groups
   to assign due consideration to documents that have the benefit of
   running code, which may serve as evidence of valuable experimentation
   and feedback that have made the implemented protocols more mature.
   It is up to the individual working groups to use this information as
   they see fit".



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8.1.  NATtools

   Organization:   Cisco

   Description:   Open-Source ICE, TURN and STUN implementation.

   Implementation:   https://github.com/cisco/NATTools

   Level of maturity:   Code is stable.  Tests being run to learn more
      on how to leverage the information shared between client and
      network.

   Coverage:   Implements the DISCUSS attributes

   Licensing:   BSD

   Implementation experience:   Draft was implemented with internal
      video test clients.  Wireless access point implemented STUN
      detection in the media path and acted on the information in the
      DISCUSS attributes.  After running tests in different congestion
      scenarios it is clear that sharing information between endpoint
      and network can help with congestion and end-user experience.
      This approach required little effort to implement on the client
      side.

   Contact:   Paal-Erik Martinsen <palmarti@cisco.com>.

9.  Security Considerations

   Due to the security implications described in
   [I-D.thomson-mmusic-ice-webrtc] where large STUN packet are used to
   amplify an attack, keeping the added STUN attributes small is a
   important design consideration.

   To avoid unwanted information leakage the new defined STUN attributes
   defined in this draft are strictly defined.  No more information
   should be leaked that an on-path device could learn by observing the
   stream over time or do some deep packet analysis.  This draft would
   benefit from more discussions on this topic.

   It is also worth noticing that the STUN attributes defined should be
   treated as hints, and more work is needed regarding how to deal with
   misbehaving clients or network devices.








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10.  Acknowledgements

   Authors would like to thank Dan Wing, Anca Zamfir and Cullen Jennings
   for their comments and review.

11.  References

11.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2474]  Nichols, K., Blake, S., Baker, F., and D. Black,
              "Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS
              Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers", RFC 2474, December
              1998.

   [RFC5389]  Rosenberg, J., Mahy, R., Matthews, P., and D. Wing,
              "Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)", RFC 5389,
              October 2008.

   [RFC5245]  Rosenberg, J., "Interactive Connectivity Establishment
              (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT)
              Traversal for Offer/Answer Protocols", RFC 5245, April
              2010.

   [RFC6982]  Sheffer, Y. and A. Farrel, "Improving Awareness of Running
              Code: The Implementation Status Section", RFC 6982, July
              2013.

11.2.  Informational References

   [I-D.ietf-rtcweb-security-arch]
              Rescorla, E., "WebRTC Security Architecture", draft-ietf-
              rtcweb-security-arch-09 (work in progress), February 2014.

   [I-D.thomson-mmusic-ice-webrtc]
              Thomson, M., "Using Interactive Connectivity Establishment
              (ICE) in Web Real-Time Communications (WebRTC)", draft-
              thomson-mmusic-ice-webrtc-01 (work in progress), October
              2013.

   [I-D.dhesikan-tsvwg-rtcweb-qos]
              Dhesikan, S., Druta, D., Jones, P., and J. Polk, "DSCP and
              other packet markings for RTCWeb QoS", draft-dhesikan-
              tsvwg-rtcweb-qos-06 (work in progress), March 2014.





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Internet-Draft                   DISCUSS                     August 2014


   [I-D.ietf-mmusic-sdp-bundle-negotiation]
              Holmberg, C., Alvestrand, H., and C. Jennings,
              "Multiplexing Negotiation Using Session Description
              Protocol (SDP) Port Numbers", draft-ietf-mmusic-sdp-
              bundle-negotiation-05 (work in progress), October 2013.

   [I-D.eggert-tsvwg-rfc5405bis]
              Eggert, L., Fairhurst, G., and G. Shepherd, "UDP Usage
              Guidelines", draft-eggert-tsvwg-rfc5405bis-01 (work in
              progress), June 2014.

   [iana-stun]
              IANA, , "IANA: STUN Attributes", April 2011,
              <http://www.iana.org/assignments/stun-parameters/stun-pa
              rameters.xml>.

Authors' Addresses

   Paal-Erik Martinsen
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   Philip Pedersens vei 20
   Lysaker, Akershus  1366
   Norway

   Email: palmarti@cisco.com


   Herb Wildfeuer
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   821 Alder Drive
   Milpitas, California  95035
   United States

   Email: hwildfeu@cisco.com

















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