Internet Engineering Task Force A. Moreiras
Internet-Draft E. Cordeiro
Intended status: Best Current Practice R. Santos
Expires: April 24, 2014 NIC.br
A. Servin
LACNIC
A. Acosta
Universidad Nueva Esparta
October 21, 2013
IPv6 Address Prefixes Reserved for Documentation
draft-moreiras-v6ops-rfc3849bis-01
Abstract
[RFC3849] specified an IPv6 prefix to be used in documentation, in
order to reduce the likelihood of conflict and confusion when
relating examples of deployed systems. This prefix was reserved to
be used in examples in RFCs, books, documentation, and the like. It
became widely accepted and used.
Although the IPv6 documentation prefix proved to be very useful, a /
32 prefix is not enough to be used to document some kinds of IPv6
deployments, such as large ISP deployments, transition techniques,
and other useful examples that require longer prefixes. This
document defines the allocation of a new global unicast (GUA) block
and a new unique local (ULA) block, to expand the range of
documentation blocks. It also updates [RFC3849].
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on April 24, 2014.
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
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the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Problem Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.1. Didactic Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.2. Test Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.3. Visual Identification and Address Filtering . . . . . . . 4
4. IPv6 Documentation Prefixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5. Operational Implications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1. Introduction
This document describes the IPv6 address blocks provided to be used
in documentation. These blocks SHOULD be used to describe network
topologies, transition techniques or other systems, in RFCs, books,
videos, and documentation in general. They also MAY be used in
didactic laboratories, which aim to teach IPv6 or network principles.
The first block was reserved in [RFC3849], from the address space of
the Asia Pacific (APNIC) regional addressing community. Other
documentation ranges have been defined in the IETF, such as example
domain names described in [RFC2606], and IPv4 documentation-only
address blocks described in [RFC5737]. The IPv4 ranges reserved in
[RFC1918] for private use are also used in documentation, as well as
the Autonomous System numbers reserved in [RFC6996].
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Although the address block defined in [RFC3849] was within the range
of a conventional allocation size for an Internet Service Provider,
and it was expected that it could accurately match deployment
scenarios, there are some situations that can't be represented
accordingly with a prefix of 32 bits, such as: transition techniques,
peering between multiple ISPs, IPv6 address plan for multi-regional
ISPs, and others.
This situation leads to the same problem that [RFC3849] tried to
address. Some documentation material, particularly some didactic
material and laboratories, today is using IPv6 prefixes drawn from
address blocks already allocated or assigned. A similar situation
with IPv4 addresses caused problems in production environments,
because of address and routing conflicts with other services.
This document reserves an additional larger IPv6 block for
documentation, avoiding such problems. It does not obsolete the
current IPv6 documentation block 2001:0db8::/32, since it is widely
deployed. Nonetheless, it updates the current practice and specifies
one larger IPv6 block, for the same use.
2. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
3. Problem Statement
This document proposes a solution for the situations where the length
of the current documentation prefix for IPv6 (2001:db8::/32) is not
enough to represent some addressing scenarios and also proposes a
specific documentation block for ULA.
3.1. Didactic Usage
In some didactic laboratories and materials, people are using other
prefixes from Global Address space when they need networks bigger
than /32. For example, if you have a lab setup where each group
represents an Autonomous System (AS) the ideal situation is that each
group receives a block of the same size of the smallest allocation,
it means a /32 for each group. A typical scenery is to have 8 to 16
groups, each one with your own /32, that requires a /28. This
scenery is used by the authors of this document in IPv6 courses in
Latin America.
Some IPv6 instructors use of ULA addresses when they have to
represent networks bigger than /32, but it generates confusion on
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students that are struggling to understand the differences between
IPv4 and IPv6. Some other instructors use non allocated or already
allocated prefixes and it may lead to operational problems in the
event of an example being inadvertently copied into a production
environment.
The same problems may occur to ULA being used for teaching purposes,
as the [RFC3849] does not define an ULA for documentation.
3.2. Test Networks
Some transition techniques from IPv4 to IPv6 uses the IPv4 addresses
embedded in the IPv6 addresses, for example, 6rd [RFC5969], 464XLAT
[RFC6877] and MAP-E [I-D.ietf-softwire-map]. Using only a /32 to
test those network may generate prefixes bigger than /64 that will
conflict with SLAAC mechanism, as described in [RFC6052].
New protocols development may also need test networks larger than a
single /32, specially when making a large functional test to check
the new protocol behavior on a big network trying to emulate a
production environment.
3.3. Visual Identification and Address Filtering
It is important that the documentation blocks and addresses can be
easily identified, specially to avoid that those address to generate
problems in production networks. A simple visual identification also
avoid that people will use allocated or unallocated addresses to test
or teach IPv6, just because those addresses would be easier to
remember.
Books and documentation that includes IPv6 addresses would have a
standard to follow and that will serve their needs.
Having a large defined block for documentation will also help
filtering test and documentation addresses that may leak into
production networks.
4. IPv6 Documentation Prefixes
The blocks provided for use in documentation are: 2001:0db8::/32 (v6
-TEST-NET-1), UUUU:U000::/20 [Note to RFC Editor: this address range
is to be added before publication] (v6-TEST-NET-2) and
FCUU:UUUU:UUU0::/44 [Note to RFC Editor: this address range is to be
added before publication] (v6-TEST-NET-3).
5. Operational Implications
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Addresses within the v6-TEST-NET-1, v6-TEST-NET-2 and v6-TEST-NET-3
SHOULD NOT appear on the public Internet and are used without any
coordination with IANA or an Internet Regional Registry (RIR).
Network operators SHOULD add these address blocks to the list of non-
routable address spaces, and if packet filters are deployed, then
this address block SHOULD be added to packet filters.
These blocks are not for local use, and the filters may be used in
both local and public contexts.
6. Security Considerations
There are no new security considerations pertaining to this document.
7. IANA Considerations
IANA recorded the allocation of the IPv6 global unicast address
prefix v6-TEST-NET-1 as a documentation-only prefix in the IPv6
address registry.
IANA is asked to record the allocation of v6-TEST-NET-2 prefix,
within the range reserved for Global IPv6 addresses, for use as an
additional documentation-only prefix, in the IPv6 address registry.
IANA is asked to record the reservation of v6-TEST-NET-3 prefix,
within the range reserved for Unique Local IPv6 addresses, for use as
an additional documentation-only prefix, in the IPv6 address
registry.
No end party is to be assigned any of these address blocks.
8. References
8.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
8.2. Informative References
[RFC1918] Rekhter, Y., Moskowitz, R., Karrenberg, D., Groot, G., and
E. Lear, "Address Allocation for Private Internets", BCP
5, RFC 1918, February 1996.
[RFC2606] Eastlake, D. and A. Panitz, "Reserved Top Level DNS
Names", BCP 32, RFC 2606, June 1999.
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[RFC3849] Huston, G., Lord, A., and P. Smith, "IPv6 Address Prefix
Reserved for Documentation", RFC 3849, July 2004.
[RFC5737] Arkko, J., Cotton, M., and L. Vegoda, "IPv4 Address Blocks
Reserved for Documentation", RFC 5737, January 2010.
[RFC6996] Mitchell, J., "Autonomous System (AS) Reservation for
Private Use", BCP 6, RFC 6996, July 2013.
[RFC5969] Townsley, W. and O. Troan, "IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4
Infrastructures (6rd) -- Protocol Specification", RFC
5969, August 2010.
[RFC6877] Mawatari, M., Kawashima, M., and C. Byrne, "464XLAT:
Combination of Stateful and Stateless Translation", RFC
6877, April 2013.
[RFC6052] Bao, C., Huitema, C., Bagnulo, M., Boucadair, M., and X.
Li, "IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators", RFC 6052,
October 2010.
[I-D.ietf-softwire-map]
Troan, O., Dec, W., Li, X., Bao, C., Matsushima, S.,
Murakami, T., and T. Taylor, "Mapping of Address and Port
with Encapsulation (MAP)", draft-ietf-softwire-map-08
(work in progress), August 2013.
Authors' Addresses
Antonio Marcos Moreiras
NIC.br
Av das Nacoes Unidas 11541 7o andar
Sao Paulo, SP 04578-000
Brazil
Phone: +55 11 5509 3553
Email: moreiras@nic.br
Edwin Cordeiro
NIC.br
Av das Nacoes Unidas 11541 7o andar
Sao Paulo, SP 04578-000
Brazil
Phone: +55 11 5509 3537
Email: ecordeiro@nic.br
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Rodrigo Santos
NIC.br
Av das Nacoes Unidas 11541 7o andar
Sao Paulo, SP 04578-000
Brazil
Phone: +55 11 5509 3537
Email: rsantos@nic.br
Arturo Servin
LACNIC
Rambla Republica de Mexico 6125
Montevideo 11300
Uruguay
Phone: +598 2604 2222
Email: aservin@lacnic.net
Alejandro Acosta
Universidad Nueva Esparta
Avenida Sur 7
Caracas, Los Naranjos del Cafetal CP 1081
Venezuela
Email: aacosta@rocketmail.com
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