TSVWG WG                                                     James Polk
Internet-Draft                                           Subha Dhesikan
Expires: April 26, 2010                                   Cisco Systems
Intended Status: Standards Track (PS)                      Oct 26, 2009
Updates: RFC 2205, 2210, 4495 (if published as an RFC)

 Integrated Services (IntServ) Extension to Allow Signaling of Multiple
   Traffic Specifications and Multiple Flow Specifications in RSVPv1
                draft-polk-tsvwg-intserv-multiple-tspec-02

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with
   the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
   other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
   Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
   months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents
   at any time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as
   reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on April 26, 2010.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2009 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents in effect on the date of
   publication of this document (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your
   rights and restrictions with respect to this document.

Abstract

   This document defines extensions to Integrated Services (IntServ)
   allowing  multiple traffic specifications and multiple flow
   specifications to be conveyed in the same Resource Reservation
   Protocol (RSVPv1) reservation message exchange. This ability helps
   optimize an agreeable bandwidth through a network between endpoints
   in a single round trip.



Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010                [Page 1]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009



Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2
   2.  Overview of the Proposal for including multiple TSPECs and
                                  FLOWSPECs  . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   3.  Multi_TSPEC and MULTI_FLOWSPEC Solution . . . . . . . . . . .  8
       3.1 New MULTI_TSPEC and MULTI-RSPEC Parameters  . . . . . . .  9
       3.2 Multiple TSPEC in a PATH Message  . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       3.3 Multiple FLOWSPEC for Controlled Load Service . . . . . . 12
       3.4 Multiple FLOWSPEC for Guaranteed Service  . . . . . . . . 14
   4.  Rules of Usage  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
       4.1 Backward Compatibility  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
       4.2 Applies to Only a Single Session  . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
       4.3 No Special Error Handling for PATH Message  . . . . . . . 17
       4.4 Preference Order to be Maintained   . . . . . . . . . . . 17
       4.5 Bandwidth Reduction in Downstream Routers   . . . . . . . 18
       4.6 Merging Rules   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
       4.7 Other Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
   5.  Security considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
   6.  IANA considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
   7.  Acknowledgments   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
   8.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
       9.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
       9.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
       Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
       Appendix A. Alternatives for Sending Multiple TSPECs. . . . . 21



   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC 2119].




1.  Introduction

   This document defines how Integrated Services (IntServ) [RFC2210]
   includes multiple traffic specifications and multiple flow
   specifications in the same Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVPv1)
   [RFC2205] message. This ability helps optimize an agreeable
   bandwidth through a network between endpoints in a single round
   trip.

   There is a separation of function between RSVP and IntServ, in
   which RSVP does not define the internal objects to establish
   controlled load or guarantee services. These are generally left to
   be opaque in RSVP.  At the same time, IntServ does not require
   that RSVP be the only reservation protocol for transporting both


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010                [Page 2]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   the controlled load or guaranteed service objects - but RSVP does
   often carry the objects anyway.  This makes the two independent -
   yet related in usage, but are also frequently talked about as if
   they are one and the same. They are not.

   The 'traffic specification' contains the traffic characteristics of
   a sender's data flow and is a required object in a PATH message. The
   TSPEC object is defined in RFC 2210 to convey the traffic
   specification from the sender and is opaque to RSVP. The ADSPEC
   object - for 'advertising specification' - is used to gather
   information along the downstream data path to aid the receiver in
   the computation of QoS properties of this data path. The ADSPEC is
   also opaque to RSVP and is defined in RFC 2210. Both of these
   IntServ objects are part of the Sender Descriptor  [RFC2205].

   Once the Sender Descriptor is received at its destination node,
   after having traveled through the network of routers, the
   SENDER_TSPEC information is matched with the information gathered in
   the ADSPEC, if present, about the data path. Together, these two
   objects help the receiver build its flow specification (encoded in
   the FLOWSPEC object) for the RESV message. The RESV message
   establishes the reservation through the network of routers on the
   data path established by the PATH message.  If the ADSPEC is not
   present in the Sender_Descriptor, it cannot aid the receiver in
   building the flow specification.

   The SENDER_TSPEC is not changed in transit between endpoints (i.e.,
   there are no bandwidth request adjustments along the way). However,
   the ADSPEC is changed, based on the conditions experienced through
   the network (i.e., bandwidth availability within each router) as the
   RSVP message travels hop-by-hop.

   Today, real-time applications have evolved such that they are able
   to dynamically adapt to available bandwidth, not only by dropping
   and adding layers, but also by reducing frame rates and resolution.
   It is therefore limiting to have a single bandwidth request in
   Integrated Services, and by extension, RSVP.

   With only one traffic specification in a PATH message and only one
   flow specification in a RESV message (with some styles of
   reservations a RESV message may actually contain multiple flow
   specifications, but then there is only one per sender), applications
   will either have to give up altogether on session establishment in
   case of failure of the reservation establishment for the highest
   "bandwidth or will have to resort to multiple successive RSVP
   signaling attempts in a trial-and-error manner until they finally
   establish the reservation a lower "bandwidth". These multiple
   signaling round-trip would affect the session establishment time and
   in turn would negatively impact the end user experience.

   The objective of this document is to avoid such roundtrips as well
   as allow applications to successfully receive some level of


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010                [Page 3]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   bandwidth allotment that it can use for its sessions.

   While the ADSPEC provides an indication of the bandwidth available
   along the path and can be used by the receiver in creating the
   FLOWSPEC, it does not prevent failures or multiple round-trips as
   described above.  The intermediary routers provide a best attempt
   estimate of available bandwidth in the ADSPEC object. However, it
   does not take into account external policy considerations
   (RFC 2215). In addition, the available bandwidth at the time of
   creating the ADSPEC may not be available at the time of an actual
   request in an RESV message. These reasons may cause the RESV message
   to be rejected. Therefore, the ADSPEC object cannot, by itself,
   satisfy the requirements of the current generations of real-time
   applications.

   It needs to be noted that the ADSPEC is unchanged by this new
   mechanism. If ADSPEC is included in the PATH message, it is
   suggested that the receiver use this object in determining
   the flow specification.

   This document creates a means for conveying more than one
   "bandwidth" within the same RSVP reservation set-up (both PATH and
   RESV) messages to optimize the determination of an agreed upon
   bandwidth for this reservation.  Allowing multiple traffic
   specifications within the same PATH message allows the sender to
   communicate to the receiver multiple "bandwidths" that match the
   different sending rates that the sender is capable of transmitting
   at.  This allows the receiver to convey this multiple "bandwidths"
   in the RESV so those can be considered when RSVP makes the actual
   reservation admission into the network. This allows the applications
   to dynamically adapt their data stream to available network
   resources.

   The concept of RSVP signaling is shown in a single direction below,
   in Figure 1.  Although the TSPEC is opaque to RSVP, it is shown
   along with the RSVP messages for completeness. The RSVP messages
   themselves need not be the focus of the reader.  Instead, the
   number of round trips it takes to establish a reservation is the
   focus here.


      Sender         Rtr-1      Rtr-2 ...  Rtr-N         Receiver
        |              |          |          |               |
        |           PATH (with a TSPEC & ADSPEC)             |
        |------------->|--------->|----//--->|-------------->|
        |              |          |          |               |
        |                            RESV (with a FLOWSPEC)  |
        |<-------------|<---------|<---//----|<--------------|
        |              |          |          |               |

        Figure 1. Concept of RSVP in a Single Direction



Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010                [Page 4]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   Figure 1 shows a successful one-way reservation using RSVP and
   IntServ.

   Figure 2 shows a scenario where the RESV message, containing a
   FLOWSPEC, which is generated by the Receiver, after considering
   both the Sender TSPEC and the ADSPEC, is rejected by an intermediary
   router.


      Sender         Rtr-1      Rtr-2 ...  Rtr-N         Receiver
        |              |          |          |               |
        |           PATH (with 1 TSPEC wanting 12Mbps)       |
        |------------->|--------->|----//--->|-------------->|
        |              |          |          |               |
        |              |  RESV (with 1 FLOWSPEC wanting 12Mbps) |
        |              |          X <--//----|<--------------|
        |              |          |          |               |
        |           ResvErr (with Admission control Error=2) |
        |              |          |----//--->|-------------->|
        |              |          |          |               |

    Figure 2. Concept of RSVP Rejection due to Limited Bandwidth

   The scenario above is where multiple TSPEC and multiple FLOWSPEC
   optimization helps. The Sender may support multiple bandwidths
   for a given application (i.e., more than one codec for voice or
   video) and therefore might want to establish a reservation with the
   highest (or best) bandwidth that the network can provide for a
   particular codec.

   For example, bandwidths of:

       12Mbps,
        4Mbps, and
        1.5Mbps

   for the three video codecs the Sender supports.

   This document will discuss the overview of the proposal to include
   multiple TSPECs and FLOWSPECs RSVP in section 2. In section 3, the
   overview of the entire solution is provided. This section also
   contains the new parameters which are defined in this document. The
   multiple TSPECs in a PATH message and the multiple FLOWSPEC in a
   RESV message, both for controlled load and guaranteed service are
   described in this section. Section 4 will cover the rules of usage
   of this IntServ extension. This section contains how this document
   needs to extend the scenario of when a router in the middle of a
   reservation cannot accept a preferred bandwidth  (i.e., FLOWSPEC),
   meaning previous routers that accepted that greater bandwidth now
   have too much bandwidth reserved. This requires an extension to RFC
   4495 (RSVP Bandwidth Reduction) to cover reservations being
   established, as well as existing reservations. Section 4 also


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010                [Page 5]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   includes the merging rules.


2.  Overview of Proposal for Including Multiple TSPECs and FLOWSPECS


   Presently, this is the format of a PATH message [RFC2205]:

           <PATH Message> ::= <Common Header> [ <INTEGRITY> ]

                                     <SESSION> <RSVP_HOP>

                                     <TIME_VALUES>

                                    [ <POLICY_DATA> ... ]

                                    [ <sender descriptor> ]

           <sender descriptor> ::= <SENDER_TEMPLATE> <SENDER_TSPEC>
                                                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^
                                    [ <ADSPEC> ]

   where the SENDER_TSPEC object contains a single traffic
   specification.

   For the PATH message, the focus of this document is to modify the
   <sender_descriptor> in such a way to include more than one traffic
   specification.  This solution does this by retaining the existing
   SENDER_TSPEC object above, highlighted by the '^^^^' characters, and
   complementing it with a new optional MULTI_TSPEC object to convey
   additional traffic specifications in this PATH message. No other
   object within the PATH message is affected by this IntServ
   extension.

   This extension modifies the sender descriptor by specifically
   augmenting it to allow an optional <MULTI_TSPEC> object after the
   optional <ADSPEC>, as shown below.

           <sender descriptor> ::= <SENDER_TEMPLATE> <SENDER_TSPEC>

                                    [ <ADSPEC> ]  [ <MULTI_TSPEC> ]
                                                     ^^^^^^^^^^^

   As can be seen above, the MULTI_TSPEC is in addition to the
   SENDER_TSPEC - and is only to be used, per this extension, when
   more than one TSPEC is to be included in the PATH message.

   Here is another way of looking at the proposal choices:






Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010                [Page 6]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

            +---------------------+
            |   Existing TSPEC    |
            |                     |
            |    +----------+     |
            |    |  TSPEC1  |     |
            |    +----------+     |
            |                     |
            +---------------------+

            +---------------------+
            |  Additional TSPECs  |
            |                     |
            |  +---------------+  |
            |  |  MULTI_TSPEC  |  |
            |  |    Object     |  |
            |  |  +--------+   |  |
            |  |  | TSPEC2 |   |  |
            |  |  +--------+   |  |
            |  |  +--------+   |  |
            |  |  | TSPEC3 |   |  |
            |  |  +--------+   |  |
            |  |  +--------+   |  |
            |  |  | TSPEC4 |   |  |
            |  |  +--------+   |  |
            |  +---------------+  |
            |                     |
            +---------------------+

    Figure 3. Encoding of Multiple Traffic Specifications in
              the TSPEC and MULTI_TSPEC objects


   This solution is backwards compatible with existing implementations
   of [RFC2205] and [RFC2210], as the multiple TSPECs and FLOWSPECs are
   inserted as optional objects and such objects do not need to be
   processed, especially if they are not understood.

   This solution defines a similar approach for encoding multiple flow
   specifications in the RESV message. Flow specifications beyond the
   first one can be encoded in a new "MULTI_FLOWSPEC" object contained
   in the RESV message.

   In this proposal, the original SENDER_TSPEC and the FLOWSPEC are
   left untouched, allowing routers not supporting this extension to
   process the PATH and the RESV message without issue. Two new
   additional objects are defined in this document. They are the
   MULTI_TSPEC and the MULTI_FLOWSPEC for the PATH and the RESV
   message, respectively. The additional TSPECs (in the new MULTI_TSPEC
   Object) are included in the PATH and the additional FLOWSPECS (in
   the new MULTI_FLOWSPEC Object) are included in the RESV message as
   new (optional) objects. These additional objects will have a class
   number of 11bbbbbb, allowing older routers to ignore the object(s)


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010                [Page 7]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   and forward each unexamined and unchanged, as defined in section
   3.10 of [RFC 2205].

   NOTE: it is important to emphasize here that including more than
         one FLOWSPEC in the RESV message does not cause more than one
         FLOWSPEC to be granted. This document requires that the
         receiver arrange these multiple FLOWSPECs in the order of
         preference according to the order remaining from the
         MULTI_TSPECs in the PATH message. The benefit of this
         arrangement is that RSVP does not have to process the rest of
         the FLOWSPEC if it can admit the first one.


3.  Multi_TSPEC and MULTI_FLOWSPEC Solution


   For the Sender Descriptor within the PATH message, the original
   TSPEC remains where it is, and is untouched by this IntServ
   extension. What is new is the use of a new <MULTI_TSPEC> object
   inside the sender descriptor as shown here:

           <sender descriptor> ::= <SENDER_TEMPLATE> <SENDER_TSPEC>

                                    [ <ADSPEC> ]  [ <MULTI_TSPEC> ]
                                                     ^^^^^^^^^^^

   The preferred order of TSPECs sent by the sender is this:

   - preferred TSPEC is in the original SENDER_TSPEC

   - the next in line preferred TSPEC is the first TSPEC in the
     MULTI_TSPEC object

   - the next in line preferred TSPEC is the second TSPEC in the
     MULTI_TSPEC object

   - and so on...

   The composition of the flow descriptor list in a Resv message
   depends upon the reservation style. Therefore, the following shows
   the inclusion of the MULTI_FLOWSPEC object with each of the styles:

      WF Style:
                <flow descriptor list> ::=  <WF flow descriptor>

                <WF flow descriptor> ::= <FLOWSPEC> [MULTI_FLOWSPEC]

      FF style:
                <flow descriptor list> ::=

                          <FLOWSPEC>  <FILTER_SPEC>  [MULTI_FLOWSPEC] |



Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010                [Page 8]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

                          <flow descriptor list> <FF flow descriptor>

                <FF flow descriptor> ::=

                          [ <FLOWSPEC> ] <FILTER_SPEC> [MULTI_FLOWSPEC]

      SE style:
                <flow descriptor list> ::= <SE flow descriptor>

                <SE flow descriptor> ::=

                         <FLOWSPEC> <filter spec list> [MULTI_FLOWSPEC]

                <filter spec list> ::=  <FILTER_SPEC>

                                  |  <filter spec list> <FILTER_SPEC>


3.1 New MULTI_TSPEC and MULTI-RSPEC Parameters

   This extension to Integrated Services defines two new parameters
   They are:

   1. <parameter name> Multiple_Token_Bucket_Tspec, with a parameter
      number of 125.

   2. <parameter name> Multiple_Guaranteed_Service_RSpec with a
      parameter number of 124

   These are IANA registered in this document.

   The original SENDER_TSPEC and FLOWSPEC for Controlled Service
   maintain the <parameter name> of Token_Bucket_Tspec with a parameter
   number of 127.  The original FLOWSPEC for Guaranteed Service
   maintains the <parameter name> of Guaranteed_Service_RSpec with a
   parameter number of 130.


 3.2 Multiple TSPEC in a PATH Message

   Here is the object from [RFC2210]. It is used as a SENDER_TSPEC in a
   PATH message:

       31           24 23           16 15            8 7             0
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  1   | 0 (a) |    reserved           |             7 (b)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  2   |    X  (c)     |0| reserved    |             6 (d)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  3   |   127 (e)     |    0 (f)      |             5 (g)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  4   |  Token Bucket Rate [r] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010                [Page 9]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  5   |  Token Bucket Size [b] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  6   |  Peak Data Rate [p] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)       |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  7   |  Minimum Policed Unit [m] (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  8   |  Maximum Packet Size [M]  (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Figure 4. SENDER_TSPEC in PATH

     (a) - Message format version number (0)
     (b) - Overall length (7 words not including header)
     (c) - Service header, service number
             - '1' (Generic information) if in a PATH message;
     (d) - Length of service data, 6 words not including
           per-service header
     (e) - Parameter ID, parameter 127 (Token Bucket TSpec)
     (f) - Parameter 127 flags (none set)
     (g) - Parameter 127 length, 5 words not including per-service
           header

   For completeness, Figure 4 is included in its original form for
   backwards compatibility reasons, as if there were only 1 TSPEC in
   the PATH.  What is new when there are more than one TSPEC in
   this reservation message is the new MULTI_TSPEC object in Figure 5
   containing, for example, 3 (Multiple_Token_Bucket_Tspec) TSPECs in a
   PATH message.

       31           24 23           16 15            8 7             0
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  1   | 0 (a) |    reserved           |            19 (b)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  2   |    5  (c)     |0| reserved    |            18 (d)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  3   |   125 (e)     |    0 (f)      |             5 (g)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  4   |  Token Bucket Rate [r] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  5   |  Token Bucket Size [b] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  6   |  Peak Data Rate [p] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)       |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  7   |  Minimum Policed Unit [m] (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  8   |  Maximum Packet Size [M]  (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  9   |   125 (e)     |    0 (f)      |             5 (g)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 10   |  Token Bucket Rate [r] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 10]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

 11   |  Token Bucket Size [b] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 12   |  Peak Data Rate [p] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)       |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 13   |  Minimum Policed Unit [m] (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 14   |  Maximum Packet Size [M]  (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 15   |   125 (e)     |    0 (f)      |             5 (g)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 16   |  Token Bucket Rate [r] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 17   |  Token Bucket Size [b] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 18   |  Peak Data Rate [p] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)       |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 19   |  Minimum Policed Unit [m] (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 20   |  Maximum Packet Size [M]  (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

      Figure 5. MULTI_TSPEC Object

     (a) - Message format version number (0)
     (b) - Overall length (19 words not including header)
     (c) - Service header, service number 5 (Controlled-Load)
     (d) - Length of service data, 18 words not including
           per-service header
     (e) - Parameter ID, parameter 125 (Multiple Token Bucket TSpec)
     (f) - Parameter 125 flags (none set)
     (g) - Parameter 125 length, 5 words not including per-service
           header

   Figure 5 shows the 2nd through Nth TSPEC in the PATH in the
   preferred order. The message format (a) remains the same for a
   second TSPEC and for other additional TSPECs.

   The Overall Length (b) includes all the TSPECs within this object,
   plus the 2nd Word (containing fields (c) and (d)), which MUST NOT be
   repeated. The service header fields (e),(f) and(g) are repeated for
   each TSPEC.

   The Service header, here service number 5 (Controlled-Load) MUST
   remain the same.

   Each TSPEC is six 32-bit Words long (the per-service header plus the
   5 values that are 1 Word each in length), therefore the length is in
   6 Word increments for each additional TSPEC.  Case in point, from
   the above Figure 5, Words 3-8 are the first TSPEC (2nd preferred),
   Words 9-14 are the next TSPEC (3rd preferred), and Words 15-20 are
   the final TSPEC (and 4th preferred) in this example of 3 TSPECs in
   this MULTI_TSPEC object.  There is no limit placed on the number of


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 11]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   TSPECs a MULTI_TSPEC object can have. However, it is RECOMMENDED to
   administratively limit the number of TSPECs in the MULTI_TSPEC
   object to 16 (making for a total of 17 in the PATH message).

   The TSPECS are included in the order of preference by the message
   generator (PATH) and MUST be maintained in that order all the way to
   the Receiver. The order of TSPECs that are still grantable, in
   conjunction with the ADSPEC at the Receiver, MUST retain that
   order in the FLOWSPEC and MULTI_FLOWSPEC objects.


 3.3 Multiple FLOWSPEC for Controlled-Load service

   The format of an RSVP FLOWSPEC object requesting Controlled-Load
   service is the same as the one used for the SENDER_TSPEC given in
   Figure 4.

   The format of the new MULTI_FLOWSPEC object is given below:


       31           24 23           16 15            8 7             0
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  1   | 0 (a) |    reserved           |            19 (b)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  2   |    5  (c)     |0| reserved    |            18 (d)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  3   |   125 (e)     |    0 (f)      |             5 (g)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  4   |  Token Bucket Rate [r] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  5   |  Token Bucket Size [b] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  6   |  Peak Data Rate [p] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)       |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  7   |  Minimum Policed Unit [m] (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  8   |  Maximum Packet Size [M]  (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  9   |   125 (e)     |    0 (f)      |             5 (g)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 10   |  Token Bucket Rate [r] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 11   |  Token Bucket Size [b] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 12   |  Peak Data Rate [p] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)       |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 13   |  Minimum Policed Unit [m] (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 14   |  Maximum Packet Size [M]  (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 15   |   125 (e)     |    0 (f)      |             5 (g)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 12]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

 16   |  Token Bucket Rate [r] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 17   |  Token Bucket Size [b] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 18   |  Peak Data Rate [p] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)       |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 19   |  Minimum Policed Unit [m] (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 20   |  Maximum Packet Size [M]  (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

      Figure 5. Multiple FLOWSPEC for Controlled-Load service

     (a) - Message format version number (0)
     (b) - Overall length (19 words not including header)
     (c) - Service header, service number 5 (Controlled-Load)
     (d) - Length of controlled-load data, 18 words not including
           per-service header
     (e) - Parameter ID, parameter 125 (Multiple Token Bucket TSpec)
     (f) - Parameter 125 flags (none set)
     (g) - Parameter 125 length, 5 words not including per-service
           header

   This is for the 2nd through Nth TSPEC in the RESV, in the
   preferred order.

   The message format (a) remains the same for a second TSPEC and
   for additional TSPECs.

   The Overall Length (b) includes the TSPECs, plus the 2nd Word
   (fields (c) and (d)), which MUST NOT be repeated. The service header
   fields (e),(f) and(g), which are repeated for each TSPEC.


   The Service header, here service number 5 (Controlled-Load) MUST
   remain the same for the RESV message.  The services, Controlled-Load
   and Guaranteed MUST NOT be mixed within the same RESV message. In
   other words, if one TSPEC is a Controlled Load service TSPEC, the
   remaining TSPECs MUST be Controlled Load service. This same rule
   also is true for Guaranteed Service - if one TSPEC is for Guaranteed
   Service, the rest of the TSPECs in this PATH or RESV MUST be for
   Guaranteed Service.

   The Length of controlled-load data (d) also increases to account for
   the additional TSPECs.

   Each FLOWSPEC is six 32-bit Words long (the per-service header plus
   the 5 values that are 1 Word each in length), therefore the length
   is in 6 Word increments for each additional TSPEC.  Case in point,
   from the above Figure 5, Words 3-8 are the first TSPEC (2nd
   preferred), Words 9-14 are the next TSPEC (3rd preferred), and Words
   15-20 are the final TSPEC (and 4th preferred) in this example of 3


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 13]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   TSPECs in this FLOWSPEC.  There is no limit placed on the number of
   TSPECs a particular FLOWSPEC can have.

   Within the MULTI_FLOWSPEC, any SENDER_TSPEC that cannot be reserved
   - based on the information gathered in the ADSPEC, is not placed in
   the RESV.  Otherwise, the order in which the TSPECs were in the PATH
   message MUST be in the same order they are in the FLOWSPEC in the
   RESV.  This is the order of preference of the sender, and MUST
   be maintained throughout the reservation establishment, unless
   the ADSPEC indicates one or more TSPECs cannot be granted, or one or
   more routers along the RESV path cannot grant a particular TSPEC.
   At any router that a reservation cannot honor a TSPEC, this TSPEC
   MUST be removed from the RESV, or else another router along the RESV
   path might reserve that TSPEC.  This rule ensures this cannot
   happen.

   Once one TSPEC has been removed from the RESV, the next in line
   TSPEC becomes the preferred TSPEC for that reservation.  That router
   MUST generate a ResvErr message, containing an ERROR_SPEC object
   with a Policy Control Failure with Error code = 2 (Policy Control
   Failure), and an Error Value sub-code 102 (ERR_PARTIAL_PREEMPT) to
   the previous routers, clearing the now over allocation of bandwidth
   for this reservation.  The difference between the previously
   accepted TSPEC bandwidth and the currently accepted TSPEC bandwidth
   is the amount this error identifies as the amount of bandwidth that
   is no longer required to be reserved.  The ResvErr and the RESV
   messages are independent, and not normally sent by the same router.
   This aspect of this document is the extension to RFC 2205 (RSVP).

   If a RESV cannot grant the final TSPEC, normal RSVP rules apply with
   regard to the transmission of a particular ResvErr.


3.4 Multiple FLOWSPEC for Guaranteed service

   The FLOWSPEC object, which is used to request guaranteed service
   contains a TSpec and RSpec. Here is the FLOWSPEC object from
   [RFC2215] when requesting Guaranteed service:

       31           24 23           16 15            8 7             0
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  1   | 0 (a) |    Unused             |            10 (b)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  2   |    2  (c)     |0| reserved    |             9 (d)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  3   |   127 (e)     |    0 (f)      |             5 (g)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  4   |  Token Bucket Rate [r] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  5   |  Token Bucket Size [b] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  6   |  Peak Data Rate [p] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)       |


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 14]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  7   |  Minimum Policed Unit [m] (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  8   |  Maximum Packet Size [M]  (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  9   |     130 (h)   |    0 (i)      |            2 (j)              |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  10  |  Rate [R]  (32-bit IEEE floating point number)                |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  11  |  Slack Term [S]  (32-bit integer)                             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

      Figure 6. FLOWSPEC for Guaranteed service

     (a) - Message format version number (0)
     (b) - Overall length (9 words not including header)
     (c) - Service header, service number 2 (Guaranteed)
     (d) - Length of per-service data, 9 words not including
           per-service header
     (e) - Parameter ID, parameter 127 (Token Bucket TSpec)
     (f) - Parameter 127 flags (none set)
     (g) - Parameter 127 length, 5 words not including parameter header
     (h) - Parameter ID, parameter 130 (Guaranteed Service RSpec)
     (i) - Parameter xxx flags (none set)
     (j) - Parameter xxx length, 2 words not including parameter header

   The difference in structure between the Controlled-Load FLOWSPEC and
   Guaranteed FLOWSPEC is the RSPEC, defined in [RFC2212].

   For completeness, Figure 6 is included in its original form for
   backwards compatibility reasons, as if there were only 1 FLOWSPEC in
   the RESV.  What is new when there is more than one TSPEC in the
   FLOWSPEC in a RESV message is the new MULTI_FLOWSPEC object in
   Figure 7 containing, for example, 3 FLOWSPECs requesting Guaranteed
   Service.

       31           24 23           16 15            8 7             0
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  1   | 0 (a) |    Unused             |            28 (b)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  2   |    2  (c)     |0| reserved    |            27 (d)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  3   |   125 (e)     |    0 (f)      |             5 (g)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  4   |  Token Bucket Rate [r] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  5   |  Token Bucket Size [b] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  6   |  Peak Data Rate [p] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)       |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  7   |  Minimum Policed Unit [m] (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 15]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

  8   |  Maximum Packet Size [M]  (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  9   |     124 (h)   |    0 (i)      |            2 (j)              |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  10  |  Rate [R]  (32-bit IEEE floating point number)                |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  11  |  Slack Term [S]  (32-bit integer)                             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  12  |   125 (e)     |    0 (f)      |             5 (g)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  13  |  Token Bucket Rate [r] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  14  |  Token Bucket Size [b] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  15  |  Peak Data Rate [p] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)       |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  16  |  Minimum Policed Unit [m] (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  17  |  Maximum Packet Size [M]  (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  18  |     124 (h)   |    0 (i)      |            2 (j)              |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  19  |  Rate [R]  (32-bit IEEE floating point number)                |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  20  |  Slack Term [S]  (32-bit integer)                             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  21  |   125 (e)     |    0 (f)      |             5 (g)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  22  |  Token Bucket Rate [r] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  23  |  Token Bucket Size [b] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  24  |  Peak Data Rate [p] (32-bit IEEE floating point number)       |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  25  |  Minimum Policed Unit [m] (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  26  |  Maximum Packet Size [M]  (32-bit integer)                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  27  |     124 (h)   |    0 (i)      |            2 (j)              |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  28  |  Rate [R]  (32-bit IEEE floating point number)                |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  29  |  Slack Term [S]  (32-bit integer)                             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

      Figure 7. Multiple FLOWSPECs for Guaranteed service

     (a) - Message format version number (0)
     (b) - Overall length (9 words not including header)
     (c) - Service header, service number 2 (Guaranteed)
     (d) - Length of per-service data, 9 words not including
           per-service header


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 16]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

     (e) - Parameter ID, parameter 125 (Token Bucket TSpec)
     (f) - Parameter 125 flags (none set)
     (g) - Parameter 125 length, 5 words not including parameter header
     (h) - Parameter ID, parameter 124 (Guaranteed Service RSpec)
     (i) - Parameter 124 flags (none set)
     (j) - Parameter 124 length, 2 words not including parameter header

   There MUST be 1 RSPEC per TSPEC for Guaranteed Service. Therefore,
   there are 5 words for Receiver TSPEC and 3 words for the RSPEC.
   Therefore, for Guaranteed Service, the TSPEC/RSPEC combination
   occurs in increments of 8 words.


4.  Rules of Usage

   The following rules apply to nodes adhering to this specification:


4.1 Backward Compatibility

   If the recipient does not understand this extension, it ignores this
   MULTI_TSPEC object, and operates normally for a node receiving this
   RSVP message.


4.2 Applies to Only a Single Session

   When there is more than one TSPEC object or more than one FLOWSPEC
   object, this MUST NOT be considered for more than one flow created.
   These are OR choices for the same flow of data. In order to attain
   three reservations between two endpoints, three different
   reservation requests are required, not one reservation request with
   3 TSPECs.


4.3 No Special Error Handling for PATH Message

   If a problem occurs with the PATH message - regardless of this
   extension, normal RSVP procedures apply (i.e., there is no new
   PathErr code created within this extension document) - resulting in
   a PathErr message being sent upstream towards the sender, as usual.


4.4 Preference Order to be Maintained

   When more than one TSPEC is in a PATH message, the order of TSPECs
   is decided by the Sender and MUST be maintained within the
   SENDER_TSPEC. The same order MUST be carried to the FLOWSPECs by
   the receiver. No additional TSPECS can be introduced by the receiver
   or any router processing these new objects. The deletion of TSPECs
   from a PATH message is not permitted. The deletion of the TSPECs
   when forming the FLOWSPEC is allowed by the receiver in the


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 17]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   following cases:

   - If one or more preferred TSPECs cannot be granted by a router as
     discovered during processing of the ADSPEC by the receiver, then
     they can be omitted when creating the FLOWSPEC(s) from the TSPECs.

   - If one or more TSPECs arriving from the sender is not preferred by
     the receiver, then the receiver MAY omit any while creating the
     FLOWSPEC.  A good reason to omit a TSPEC is if, for example, it
     does not match a codec supported by the receiver's application(s).

   The deletion of the TSPECs in the router during the processing of
   this MULTI_FLOWSPEC object is allowed in the following cases:

   - If the original FLOWSPEC cannot be granted by a router then the
     router may discard that FLOWSPEC and replace it with the topmost
     FLOWSPEC from the MULTI_FLOWSPEC project. This will cause the
     topmost FLOWSPEC in the MULTI_FLOWSPEC object to be removed. The
     next FLOWSPECs becomes the topmost FLOWSPEC.

   The preferred order of the remaining TSPECs MUST be kept intact both
   the receiver as well as the router processing these objects.


4.5  Bandwidth Reduction in Downstream Routers

   If there are multiple FLOWSPECs in a single RESV message, it is
   quite possible that a higher bandwidth is reserved at a previous
   downstream device. Thus, any device that grants a reservation that
   is not the highest will have to inform the previous downstream
   routers to reduce the bandwidth reserved for this particular
   session.

   The bandwidth reduction RFC [RFC4495] has the ability to partially
   preempt existing reservations. However, it does not address the need
   that this draft addresses.  RFC 4495 defines an ability to preempt
   part of an existing reservation so as to admit a new incoming
   reservation with a higher priority, in lieu of tearing down the
   whole reservation with lower priority. It does not specify the
   capability to reduce the bandwidth a RESV set up along the data path
   before the reservation is realized (from source to destination),
   when a subsequent router cannot support a more preferred FLOWSPEC
   contained in that RESV.  This document will extend the RFC 4495
   defined error to work for previous hops while a reservation is being
   established.

4.6 Merging Rules

   RFC 2205 defines the rules for merging more than one FLOWSPEC into a
   single FLOWSPEC. In the case of MULTI_FLOWSPECs, merging of the two
   (or more) MULTI_FLOWSPEC MUST be done to arrive at a single
   MULTI_FLOWSPEC. The merged MULTI_FLOWSPEC will contain all the flow


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 18]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   specification components of the individual MULTI_FLOWSPECs in
   descending orders of bandwidth.  In other words, the merged FLOWSPEC
   MUST maintain the relative order of each of the individual
   FLOWSPECs.  For example, if the individual FLOWSPEC order is 1,2,3
   and another FLOWSPEC is a,b,c, then this relative ordering cannot be
   altered in the merged FLOWSPEC.

   A byproduct of this is the ordering between the two individual
   FLOWSPECs cannot be signaled with this extension.  If two (or more)
   FLOWSPECs have the same bandwidth, they are to be merged into one
   FLOWSPEC using the rules defined in RFC 2205.  It is RECOMMENDED
   that the following rules are used for determining ordering (in TSPEC
   and FLOWSPEC):

      For Controlled Load - in descending order of BW based on the
      Token Bucket Rate 'r' parameter value

      For Guaranteed Service - in descending order of BW based on the
      RSPEC Rate 'R' parameter value

   The resultant FLOWSPEC is added to the MULTI_FLOWSPEC based on its
   bandwidth in descending orders of bandwidth.

   As a result of such merging, the number of FLOWSPECs in a
   MULTI_FLOWSPEC object should be the sum of the number of FLOWSPECs
   from individual MULTI_FLOWSPEC that have been merged *minus* the
   number of duplicates.


4.7 Other Considerations

   - RFC 4495 articulates why a ResvErr is more appropriate to use for
     reducing the bandwidth of an existing reservation vs. a ResvTear.

   - Refreshes only include the TSPECs that were accepted. One SHOULD
     be sent immediately upon the Sender receiving the RESV, to
     ensure all routers in this flow are synchronized with which TSPEC
     is in place.

   - Periodically, it might be appropriate to attempt to increase the
     bandwidth of an accepted reservation with one of the TSPECs that
     were not accepted by the network when the reservation was first
     installed.  This SHOULD NOT occur too regularly.  This document
     currently offers no guidance on the frequency of this bump request
     for a rejected TSPEC from the PATH.


5.  Security considerations

   The security considerations for this document do not exceed what is
   already in RFC 2205 (RESV) or RFC 2210 (IntServ), as nothing in
   either of those documents prevent a node from requesting a lot of


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 19]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   bandwidth in a single TSPEC.  This document merely reduces the
   signaling traffic load on the network by allowing many requests that
   fall under the same policy controls to be included in a single
   round-trip message exchange.

   Further, this document does not increase the security risk(s) to
   that defined in RFC 4495, where this document creates additional
   meaning to the RFC 4495 created error code 102.

   A misbehaving Sender can include too many TSPECs in the
   MULTI_TSPEC object, which can lead to an amplification attack. That
   said, a bad implementation can create a reservation for each TSPEC
   received from within the Resv message. The number of TSPECs in the
   new MULTI_TSPEC object is limited, and the spec clearly states that
   only a single reservation is to be set up per Resv message.


6.  IANA considerations

   This document IANA registers the following new parameter name in the
   Integ-serv assignments at [IANA]:

   Registry Name: Parameter Names
   Registry:
   Value     Description                                   Reference
   --------  --------------------------------------------  ---------
   125       Multiple_Token_Bucket_Tspec                   [RFCXXXX]
   124       Multiple_Guaranteed_Service_RSpec             [RFCXXXX]

   Where RFCXXXX is replaced with the RFC number assigned to this
   Document.


7.  Acknowledgments

   The authors wish to thank Fred Baker, Joe Touch, Bruce Davie, Dave
   Oran, Ashok Narayanan, Lou Berger, Lars Eggert and Janet Gunn for
   their helpful comments and guidance in this effort.

   And to Francois Le Faucheur, who provided text in this version.


8.  References

8.1. Normative References

 [RFC2119] S. Bradner, "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
           Requirement Levels", RFC 2119, March 1997

 [RFC2205] R. Braden, Ed., L. Zhang, S. Berson, S. Herzog, S. Jamin,
           "Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) -- Version 1
           Functional Specification", RFC 2205, September 1997


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 2]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

 [RFC2210] J. Wroclawski, "The Use of RSVP with IETF Integrated
           Services", RFC 2210, September 1997

 [RFC2212] S. Shenker, C. Partridge, R. Guerin, "Specification of
           Guaranteed Quality of Service", RFC 2212, September 1997

 [RFC2215] S. Shenker, J. Wroclawski, "General Characterization
           Parameters for Integrated Service Network Elements",
           RFC 2212, September 1997

 [RFC4495] J. Polk, S. Dhesikan, "A Resource Reservation Protocol
           (RSVP) Extension for the Reduction of Bandwidth of a
           Reservation Flow", RFC 4495, May 2006


8.2. Informative References

 [IANA] http://www.iana.org/assignments/integ-serv


Authors' Addresses

   James Polk
   3913 Treemont Circle
   Colleyville, Texas, USA
   +1.817.271.3552

   mailto: jmpolk@cisco.com

   Subha Dhesikan
   Cisco Systems
   170 W. Tasman Drive
   San Jose, CA 95134 USA

   mailto: sdhesika@cisco.com


Appendix A: Alternatives for Sending Multiple TSPECs

   This appendix describes the discussion within the TSVWG of which
   approach best fits the requirements of sending multiple TSPECs
   within a single PATH or RESV message.  There were 3 different
   options proposed, of which - 2 were insufficient or caused more harm
   than other options.

   Looking at the format of a PATH message [RFC2205] again:

           <PATH Message> ::= <Common Header> [ <INTEGRITY> ]

                                     <SESSION> <RSVP_HOP>

                                     <TIME_VALUES>


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 21]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

                                    [ <POLICY_DATA> ... ]

                                    [ <sender descriptor> ]

           <sender descriptor> ::= <SENDER_TEMPLATE> <SENDER_TSPEC>
                                                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^
                                    [ <ADSPEC> ]

   For the PATH message, the focus of this document is with what to do
   with respect to the <SENDER_TSPEC> above, highlighted by the '^^^^'
   characters. No other object within the PATH message will be affected
   by this IntServ extension.

   The ADSPEC is optional in IntServ; therefore it might or might not
   be in the RSVP PATH message.  Presently, the SENDER_TSPEC is limited
   to one bandwidth associated with the session.  This is changed in
   this extension to IntServ to multiple bandwidths for the same
   session. There are multiple options on how the additional bandwidths
   may be added:


   Option #1 - creating the ability to add one or more additional
               (and complete) SENDER_TSPECs,

   or

   Option #2 -  create the ability for the one already allowed
                SENDER_TSPEC to carry more than one bandwidth amount
                for the same reservation.

   or

   Option #3 -  create the ability for the existing SENDER_TSPEC to
                remain unchanged, but add an optional <MULTI_TSPEC>
                object to the <sender descriptor> such as this:

           <sender descriptor> ::= <SENDER_TEMPLATE> <SENDER_TSPEC>

                                    [ <ADSPEC> ]  [ <MULTI_TSPEC> ]
                                                     ^^^^^^^^^^^

   Here is another way of looking at the option choices:


   +--------------------+----------------------+---------------------+
   |    Option#1        |      Option#2        |      Option#3       |
   |                    |                      |                     |
   |   +----------+     |  +---------------+   |    +----------+     |
   |   |  TSPEC1  |     |  |  MULTI_TSPEC  |   |    |  TSPEC1  |     |
   |   +----------+     |  |    Object     |   |    +----------+     |
   |                    |  |  +--------+   |   |                     |
   |   +----------+     |  |  | TSPEC1 |   |   |  +---------------+  |


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 22]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   |   |  TSPEC2  |     |  |  +--------+   |   |  |  MULTI_TSPEC  |  |
   |   +----------+     |  |  +--------+   |   |  |    Object     |  |
   |                    |  |  | TSPEC2 |   |   |  |  +--------+   |  |
   |   +----------+     |  |  +--------+   |   |  |  | TSPEC2 |   |  |
   |   |  TSPEC3  |     |  |  +--------+   |   |  |  +--------+   |  |
   |   +----------+     |  |  | TSPEC3 |   |   |  |  +--------+   |  |
   |                    |  |  +--------+   |   |  |  | TSPEC3 |   |  |
   |   +----------+     |  |  | TSPEC4 |   |   |  |  +--------+   |  |
   |   |  TSPEC4  |     |  |  +--------+   |   |  |  +--------+   |  |
   |   +----------+     |  +---------------+   |  |  | TSPEC4 |   |  |
   |                    |                      |  |  +--------+   |  |
   |                    |                      |  +---------------+  |
   |                    |                      |                     |
   +--------------------+----------------------+---------------------+

    Figure 3. Concept of Option Choice

   Option #1 and #2 do not allow for backward compatibility. If the
   currently used SENDER_TSPEC and FLOWSPEC objects are changed, then
   unless all the routers requiring RSVP processing are upgraded, this
   functionality cannot be realized. As it is unlikely that all routers
   along the path will have the necessary enhancements as per this
   extension at one given time, therefore, it is necessary this
   enhancement be made in a way that is backward compatible. Therefore,
   option #1 and option #2 has been discarded in favor of option #3,
   which had WG consensus in a recent IETF meeting.

   Option #3: This option has the advantage of being backwards
   compatible with existing implementations of [RFC2205] and [RFC2210],
   as the multiple TSPECs and FLOWSPECs are inserted as optional
   objects and such objects do not need to be processed, especially if
   they are not understood.

   Option#3 applies to the FLOWSPEC contained in the RESV message as
   well. In this option, the original SENDER_TSPEC and the FLOWSPEC are
   left untouched, allowing routers not supporting this extension to be
   able to process the PATH and the RESV message without issue. Two new
   additional objects are defined in this document. They are the
   MULTI_TSPEC and the MULTI_FLOWSPEC for the PATH and the RESV
   message, respectively. The additional TSPECs (in the new MULTI_TSPEC
   Object) are included in the PATH and the additional FLOWSPECS (in
   the new MULTI_FLOWSPEC Object) are included in the RESV message as
   new (optional) objects. These additional objects will have a class
   number of 11bbbbbb, allowing older routers to ignore the object(s)
   and forward each unexamined and unchanged, as defined in section
   3.10 of [RFC 2205].

   We state in the document body that the top most FLOWSPEC of the new
   MULTI_FLOWSPEC Object in the RESV message replaces the existing
   FLOWSPEC when it is determined by the receiver (perhaps along
   with the ADSPEC) that the original FLOWSPEC cannot be granted.
   Therefore, the ordering of preference issue is solved with Option#3


Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 23]


Internet-Draft           IntServ MULTI_Bandwidth               Oct 2009

   as well.

   NOTE: it is important to emphasize here that including more than
         one FLOWSPEC in the RESV message does not cause more than one
         FLOWSPEC to be granted. This document requires that the
         receiver arrange these multiple FLOWSPECs in the order of
         preference according to the order remaining from the
         MULTI_TSPECs in the PATH message. The benefit of this
         arrangement is that RSVP does not have to process the rest of
         the FLOWSPEC if it can admit the first one.

   Additional details of these options can be found in the
   draft-polk-tsvwg-...-01 version of this appendix (which includes the
   RSVP bit mapping of fields in the TSPECs, if the reader wishes to
   search for that doc.







































Polk & Dhesikan          Expires April 26, 2010               [Page 24]