Network Working Group                                         Y. Rekhter
Internet Draft                                          Juniper Networks
Expiration Date: September 2011
                                                             R. Aggarwal
                                                        Juniper Networks

                                                                T. Morin
                                                          France Telecom

                                                           I. Grosclaude
                                                          France Telecom

                                                              N. Leymann
                                                     Deutsche Telekom AG

                                                                 S. Saad
                                                                    AT&T

                                                          March 14, 2011


                     Inter-Area P2MP Segmented LSPs


               draft-raggarwa-mpls-seamless-mcast-03.txt

Status of this Memo

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Copyright and License Notice

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Abstract

   This document describes procedures for building inter-area point-to-
   multipoint (P2MP) segmented service LSPs by partitioning such LSPs
   into intra-area segments and using BGP as the inter-area routing and
   label distribution protocol. Within each IGP area the intra-area
   segments are either carried over intra-area P2MP LSPs, using P2MP LSP
   hierarchy, or instantiated using ingress replication. The intra-area
   P2MP LSPs may be signaled using P2MP RSVP-TE or P2MP mLDP. If ingress
   replication is used in an IGP area then MP2P LDP LSPs or P2P RSVP-TE
   LSPs may be used in the IGP area. The applications/services that use
   such an inter-area service LSP may be BGP MVPN, VPLS multicast or
   Internet multicast over MPLS.









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Table of Contents

 1          Specification of requirements  .........................   4
 2          Introduction  ..........................................   4
 3          General Assumptions and Terminology  ...................   5
 4          Inter-area P2MP Segmented Next-Hop Extended Community  .   6
 5          Discovering the P2MP FEC of the Inter-Area P2MP Service LSP  6
 5.1        BGP MVPN  ..............................................   6
 5.2        BGP VPLS or LDP VPLS with BGP A-D  .....................   7
 5.3        Internet Multicast  ....................................   8
 6          Egress PE Procedures  ..................................   9
 6.1        Determining the Upstream ABR/PE/ASBR  ..................   9
 6.2        Originating a Leaf Auto-Discovery Route  ...............  10
 6.2.1      Leaf A-D Route for MVPN and VPLS  ......................  10
 6.2.2      Leaf A-D Route for Internet Multicast  .................  11
 6.2.3      Constructing the Rest of the Leaf A-D Route  ...........  12
 6.3        PIM-SM in ASM mode for Internet Multicast  .............  12
 6.3.1      Option 1  ..............................................  12
 6.3.1.1    Originating Source Active auto-discovery routes  .......  13
 6.3.1.2    Receiving BGP Source Active auto-discovery route by PE  ....13
 6.3.1.3    Handling (S, G, RPTbit) state  .........................  14
 6.3.2      Option 2  ..............................................  14
 6.3.2.1    Originating Source Active auto-discovery routes  .......  14
 6.3.2.2    Receiving BGP Source Active auto-discovery route  ......  15
 6.3.2.3    Pruning Sources off the Shared Tree  ...................  15
 6.3.2.4    More on handling (S, G, RPTbit) state  .................  15
 7          Egress ABR Procedures  .................................  16
 7.1        P2MP LSP as the Intra-Area LSP in the Egress Area  .....  18
 7.1.1      RD of the received Leaf-AD route is not zero or all ones  ..18
 7.1.2      RD of the received Leaf A-D route is zero or all ones  .  19
 7.1.2.1    Internet Multicast and S-PMSI A-D Routes  ..............  19
 7.1.2.2    Internet Multicast and Wildcard S-PMSI A-D Routes  .....  19
 7.1.3      Internet Multicast and the Expected Upstream Node  .....  19
 7.1.4      P2MP LDP LSP as the Intra-Area P2MP LSP in the Egress Area  20
 7.1.5      P2MP RSVP-TE LSP as the Intra-Area P2MP LSP in the Egress Area  20
 7.2        Ingress Replication in the Egress Area  ................  20
 8          Ingress ABR Procedures for constructing segmented inter-area P2MP LSP  21
 8.1        P2MP LSP as the Intra-Area LSP in the Backbone Area  ...  21
 8.2        Ingress Replication in the Backbone Area  ..............  22
 9          Ingress PE/ASBR Procedures  ............................  22
 9.1        P2MP LSP as the intra-area LSP in the ingress area  ....  23
 9.2        Ingress Replication in the Ingress Area  ...............  23
10          Common Tunnel Type in the Ingress and Egress Areas  ....  24
11          Placement of Ingress and Egress PEs  ...................  24



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12          Data Plane  ............................................  25
12.1        Data Plane Procedures on an ABR  .......................  25
12.2        Data Plane Procedures on an Egress PE  .................  25
12.3        Data Plane Procedures on an Ingress PE  ................  26
12.4        Data Plane Procedures on Transit Routers  ..............  27
13          IANA Considerations  ...................................  27
14          Security Considerations  ...............................  27
15          References  ............................................  27
15.1        Normative References  ..................................  27
15.2        Informative References  ................................  28
16          Author's Address  ......................................  28






1. Specification of requirements

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].


2. Introduction

   This document describes procedures for building inter-area point-to-
   multipoint (P2MP) segmented service LSPs by partitioning such LSPs
   into intra-area segments and using BGP as the inter-area routing and
   label distribution protocol. Within each IGP area the intra-area
   segments are either carried over intra-area P2MP LSPs, potentially
   using P2MP LSP hierarchy, or instantiated using ingress replication.
   The intra-area P2MP LSPs may be signaled using P2MP RSVP-TE or P2MP
   mLDP.  If ingress replication is used in an IGP area then MP2P LDP or
   P2P RSVP-TE LSPs may be used in the IGP area. The
   applications/services that use such an inter-area service LSP may be
   BGP MVPN, VPLS multicast or Internet multicast over MPLS.

   The primary use case of such segmented P2MP service LSPs is when the
   PEs are in different areas but in the same AS and thousands or more
   of PEs require P2MP connectivity. For instance this may be the case
   when MPLS is pushed further to the metro edge and the metros are in
   different IGP areas. This may also be the case when a Service
   Provider's network comprises multiple IGP areas in a single
   Autonomous System, with a large number of PEs.  Seamless MPLS is the
   industry term to address this case [SEAMLESS-MPLS].  Thus one of the
   applicabilities of this document is that it describes the multicast



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   procedures for seamless MPLS.

   It is to be noted that [BGP-MVPN], [VPLS-P2MP] already specify
   procedures for building segmented inter-AS P2MP service LSPs. This
   document complements those procedures as it extends the segmented
   P2MP LSP model such that it is applicable to inter-area P2MP service
   LSPs as well. Infact an inter-AS deployment could use inter-AS
   segmented P2MP LSPs as specified in [BGP-MVPN, VPLS-P2MP] where each
   intra-AS segment is constructed using inter-area segmented P2MP LSPs
   as specified in this document.


3. General Assumptions and Terminology

   This document assumes BGP is used as an inter-area routing and label
   distribution protocol for the unicast IPv4 /32 or IPv6 /128 routes
   for the PEs. This document also assumes ABRs act as Route Reflectors
   (RR) for these routes.

   Within an AS a P2MP service LSP is partitioned into 3 segments:
   ingress area segment, backbone area segment, and egress area segment.
   Within each area a segment is carried over an intra-area P2MP LSP or
   instantiated using ingress replication.

   When intra-area P2MP LSPs are used to instantiate the intra-area
   segments there could be either 1:1 or n:1 mapping between intra-area
   segments of the inter-area P2MP service LSP and a given intra-area
   P2MP LSP. The latter is realized using P2MP LSP hierarchy with
   upstream-assigned labels [RFC5331].  For simplicity we assume that
   P2MP LSP hierarchy is used even with 1:1 mapping, in which case the
   upstream-assigned label could be an implicit NULL.

   When intra-area segments of the inter-area P2MP service LSP are
   instantiated using ingress replication, then multiple such segments
   may be carried in the same P2P RSVP-TE or MP2P LDP LSP.  This can be
   achieved using downstream-assigned labels alone.

   The ingress area segment of a P2MP service LSP is rooted at a PE (or
   at an ASBR in the case where the P2MP service LSP spans multiple
   ASes).  The leaves of this segment are other PEs/ASBRs and ABRs in
   the same area as the root PE. The backbone area segment is rooted at
   an ABR that is connected to the ingress area (ingress ABR), and has
   as its leaves ABRs that are connected to the egress area(s) or PEs in
   the backbone area.  The egress area segment is rooted at an ABR in
   the egress area (egress ABR), and has as its leaves PEs and ASBR in
   that egress area (the latter covers the case where the P2MP service
   LSP spans multiple ASes).  Note that for a given P2MP service LSP
   there may be more than one backbone segment, each rooted at its own



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   ingress ABR, and more than one egress area segment, each rooted at
   its own egress ABR.


4. Inter-area P2MP Segmented Next-Hop Extended Community

   This document defines a new BGP Extended Community "Inter-area P2MP
   Next-Hop" extended community. This is an IP address specific Extended
   Community, of an extended type and is transitive across AS boundaries
   [RFC4360].

   A PE or an ABR or an ASBR constructs the Inter-area P2MP Segmented
   Next-Hop Extended Community as follows:

     -  The Global Administrator field MUST be set to an IP address of
       the PE or ASBR or ABR that originates or advertises the route,
       which carries the P2MP Next-Hop Extended Community. For example
       this address may be the loopback address or the PE, ASBR or ABR
       that advertises the route.

     -  The Local Administrator field MUST be set to 0.


   The detailed usage of this extended community is described in the
   following sections.


5. Discovering the P2MP FEC of the Inter-Area P2MP Service LSP

   The P2MP FEC identifies the inter-area P2MP service LSP. The egress
   PEs need to learn this P2MP FEC in order to initiate the creation of
   the egress area segment of the P2MP inter-area service LSP.

   The P2MP FEC of the inter-area P2MP LSP is learned by the egress PEs
   either by configuration, or based on the application-specific
   procedures (e.g., MVPN-specific procedures, VPLS-specific
   procedures).


5.1. BGP MVPN

   Egress PEs discover the P2MP FEC of the service LSPs used by BGP MVPN
   using the I-PMSI or S-PMSI A-D routes that are originated by the
   ingress PEs or ASBRs following the procedures of [BGP-MVPN], along
   with modifications as described in this document.  The NLRI of such
   routes encodes the P2MP FEC. The procedures in this document require
   that at least one ABR in a given IGP area act as Route Reflector for
   MVPN auto-discovery (A-D) routes.



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   The "Leaf Information Required" flag MUST be set in the P-Tunnel
   attribute carried in such routes, when originated by the ingress PEs
   or ASBRs.  Before any Leaf auto discovery route is advertised by a PE
   or ABR in the same area, as described in the following sections, an
   I-/S-PMSI auto-discovery route is advertised either with an explicit
   Tunnel Type and Tunnel Identifier in the PMSI Tunnel Attribute, if
   the Tunnel Identifier has already been assigned, or with a special
   Tunnel Type of "No tunnel information present" otherwise. When the
   I/S-PMSI routes are re-advertised by an ABR, "Leaf Information
   Required" flag MUST be set in the P-Tunnel attribute present in the
   routes.

   Note that the procedures in the above paragraph apply when intra-area
   segments are realized by either intra-area P2MP LSPs or by ingress
   replication.

   When BGP MVPN I-PMSI or S-PMSI A-D routes are advertised or
   propagated to signal Inter-area P2MP service LSPs, they MUST carry
   the Inter-area P2MP Segmented Next-Hop Extended Community. This
   Extended Community MUST be included in the I/S-PMSI A-D route by the
   PE or ASBR that originates such a route and the Global Administrator
   field MUST be set to the advertising PE or ASBR's IP address. This
   Extended Community MUST also be included by ABRs as they re-advertise
   such routes. An ABR MUST set the Global Administrator field of the
   P2MP Segmented Next-Hop Extended Community to its own IP address.
   This allows ABRs and PEs/ASBRs to follow the procedures in this
   document when these procedures differ from those in [BGP-MVPN].

   To avoid requiring ABRs to participate in the propagation of C-
   multicast routes, this document requires ABRs NOT to modify BGP Next
   Hop when re-advertising Inter-AS I-PMSI A-D routes. For consitancy
   this document requires ABRs to NOT modify BGP Next-Hop when re-
   advertising both Intra-AS and Inter-AS I/S-PMSI A-D routes. The
   egress PEs may advertise the C-multicast routes to RRs that are
   different than the ABRs. However ABRs still can be configured to be
   the Route Reflectors for C-multicast routes, in which case they will
   participate in the propagation of C-multicast routes.


5.2. BGP VPLS or LDP VPLS with BGP A-D

   Egress PEs discover the P2MP FEC of the service LSPs used by VPLS,
   using the VPLS A-D routes that are originated by the ingress PEs
   [BGP-VPLS, VPLS-AD] or S-PMSI A-D routes that are originated by the
   ingress PE [VPLS-P2MP]. The NLRI of such routes encodes the P2MP FEC.
   The "Leaf Information Required" flag MUST be set in the P-Tunnel
   attribute carried in such routes.  Before any Leaf auto discovery
   route is advertised by a PE or ABR in its own area, as described in



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   the following sections, an VPLS/S-PMSI autodiscovery route is
   advertised either with an explicit Tunnel Type and Tunnel Identifier
   in the PMSI Tunnel Attribute, if the Tunnel Identifier has already
   been assigned, or with a special Tunnel Type of "No tunnel
   information present" otherwise.

   When VPLS A-D or S-PMSI A-D routes are advertised or propagated to
   signal Inter-area P2MP service LSPs, they MUST carry the Inter-area
   P2MP Segmented Next-Hop Extended Community. This Extended Community
   MUST be included in the A-D route by the PE or ASBR that originates
   such a route and the Global Administrator field MUST be set to the
   advertising PE or ASBR's IP address. This Extended Community MUST
   also be included by ABRs as they re-advertise such routes. An ABR
   MUST set the Global Administrator field of the P2MP Segmented Next-
   Hop Extended Community to its own IP address. This allows ABRs and
   PEs/ASBRs to follow the procedures in this document when these
   procedures differ from those in [VPLS-P2MP].

   Note that the procedures in the above paragraph apply when intra-area
   segments are realized by either intra-area P2MP LSPs or by ingress
   replication.

   The procedures in this document require that at least one ABR in a
   given area act as Route Reflector for MVPN auto-discovery (A-D)
   routes.  These ABRs/RRs MUST NOT modify BGP Next Hop when re-
   advertising these A-D routes.


5.3. Internet Multicast

   This section describes how the egress PEs discover the P2MP FEC when
   the application is internet multicast.

   In the case where Internet multicast uses PIM-SM in ASM mode the
   following assumes that an inter-area P2MP service LSP could be used
   to either carry traffic on a shared (*,G), or a source (S,G) tree.

   An egress PE learns the (S/*, G) of a multicast stream as a result of
   receiving IGMP or PIM messages on one of its IP multicast interfaces.
   This (S/*, G) forms the P2MP FEC of the inter-area P2MP service LSP.
   For each (S/*,G) for which an inter-area P2MP service LSP is
   instantiated, there may exist a distinct inter-area P2MP service LSP
   or multiple inter-area P2MP service LSPs may be aggregated using a
   wildcard (*, *) S-PMSI.

   Note that this document does not require the use of (*, G) Inter-area
   P2MP service LSPs when Internet multicast uses PIM-SM in ASM mode.
   Infact PIM-SM in ASM mode may be supported entirely by using (S, G)



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   trees alone.



6. Egress PE Procedures

   This section describes egress PE procedures for constructing
   segmented inter-area P2MP LSP. The procedures in this section apply
   irrespective of whether the egress PE is in a leaf IGP area, or the
   backbone area or even in the same IGP area as the ingress PE/ASBR.

   In order to support Internet Multicast an egress PE MUST auto-
   configure an import Route Target with the global administrator field
   set to the AS of the PE and the local administrator field set to 0.

   Once an egress PE discovers the P2MP FEC of an inter-area segmented
   P2MP service LSP, it MUST propagate this P2MP FEC in BGP in order to
   construct the segmented inter-area P2MP service LSP. This propagation
   uses BGP Leaf auto-discovery routes.


6.1. Determining the Upstream ABR/PE/ASBR

   The egress PE discovers the P2MP FEC of an inter-area P2MP Segmented
   Service LSP as described in section 5. When an egress PE discovers
   this P2MP FEC it MUST first determine the upstream node to reach such
   a FEC. If the egress PE is in the egress area and the ingress PE is
   not in the that egress area, then this upstream node would be the
   egress ABR. If the egress PE is in the backbone area and the ingress
   PE is not in the backbone area, then this upstream node would be the
   ingress ABR. If the egress PE is in the same area as the ingress PE
   then this upstream node would be the ingress PE.

   If the application is MVPN or VPLS then the upstream node's IP
   address is the IP address determined from the Global Administrator
   field of the Inter-area P2MP Segmented Next-hop Extended Community.
   As described in section 5 this Extended Community MUST be carried in
   the MVPN or VPLS A-D route from which the P2MP FEC of the inter-area
   P2MP Segmented Service LSP is determined.

   If the application is Internet Multicast then the unicast routes to
   multicast sources/RPs SHOULD carry the VRF Route Import Extended
   Community [BGP-MVPN] where the IP address in the Global Administrator
   field is set to the IP address of the PE or ASBR advertising the
   unicast route. The Local Administrator field of this community MUST
   be set to 0. If it is not desirable to advertise the VRF Route Import
   Extended Community in unicast routes, then unicast routes to
   multicast sources/RPs MUST be  advertised using the multicast SAFI



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   i.e.  SAFI 2 and the VRF Route Import Extended Community MUST be
   carried in such routes.

   Further if the application is internet multicast then the BGP unicast
   routes that advertise the route to the IP address of PEs or ASBRs or
   ABRs SHOULD carry the Inter-area P2MP Segmented Next-Hop Extended
   Community where the IP address in the Global Administrator field is
   set to the IP address of the PE or ASBR or ABR advertising the
   unicast route. The Local Administrator field of this community MUST
   be set to 0. If it is not desirable to advertise the P2MP Segmented
   Import Extended Community in BGP unicast routes, then unicast routes
   to ABRs, ASBRs or PEs MUST be  advertised using the multicast SAFI
   i.e. SAFI 2 and the Inter-area P2MP Segmented Next-hop Extended
   Community MUST be carried in such routes. The procedures for handling
   the next-hop of SAFI 2 routes are the same as those of handling
   regular Unicast routes and follow [SEAMLESS-MPLS].

   In order to determine the upstream node address the egress PE first
   determines the ingress PE. The egress PE determines the best route to
   reach S/RP.  The ingress PE address is the IP address determined from
   the Global Administrator field of the VRF Route Import Extended
   Community, that is present in this route. The egress PE now finds the
   best unicast route to reach the ingress PE. The upstream node address
   is the IP address determined from the Global Administrator field of
   the Inter-area P2MP Segmented Next-Hop Extended Community, that is
   present in this route.


6.2. Originating a Leaf Auto-Discovery Route

   If the P2MP FEC was derived from a MVPN or VPLS A-D route then the
   egress PE MUST originate a Leaf auto-discovery (A-D) route if the
   MVPN or VPLS A-D route carries a P-Tunnel Attribute with the "Leaf
   Information Required" flag set.

   If the P2MP FEC was derived from an Internet Multicast S/*, G and the
   upstream node's address is not the same as the egress PE, then the
   egress PE MUST originate a Leaf auto-discovery (A-D) route.


6.2.1. Leaf A-D Route for MVPN and VPLS

   If the P2MP FEC was derived from MVPN or VPLS A-D routes then the
   Route Key field of the Leaf A-D route contains the NLRI of the A-D
   route from which the P2MP FEC was derived. This follows procedures
   for constructing Leaf A-D routes described in [BGP-MVPN, VPLS-P2MP].





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6.2.2. Leaf A-D Route for Internet Multicast

   If the application is internet multicast then the MCAST-VPN NLRI of
   the Leaf A-D route is constructed as follows:

   The Route Key field of MCAST-VPN NLRI has the following format:

                   +-----------------------------------+
                   |      RD   (8 octets)              |
                   +-----------------------------------+
                   | Multicast Source Length (1 octet) |
                   +-----------------------------------+
                   |  Multicast Source (Variable)      |
                   +-----------------------------------+
                   |  Multicast Group Length (1 octet) |
                   +-----------------------------------+
                   |  Multicast Group   (Variable)     |
                   +-----------------------------------+
                   |  Ingress PE's IP address          |
                   +-----------------------------------+


   RD is set to 0 for (S,G) state and all 1s for (*,G) state, Multicast
   Source is set to S for (S,G) state or RP for (*,G) state, Multicast
   Group is set to G, Multicast Source Length and Multicast Group Length
   is set to either 4 or 16 (depending on whether S/RP and G are IPv4 or
   IPv6 addresses).

   The Ingress PE's IP address is determined as described in the section
   "Determining the Upstream ABR/PE/ASBR".

   The Originating Router's IP address field of MCAST-VPN NLRI is set to
   the address of the local PE (PE that originates the route).

   Thus the entire MCAST-VPN NLRI of the route has the following format:

                   +-----------------------------------+
                   |      RD   (8 octets)              |
                   +-----------------------------------+
                   | Multicast Source Length (1 octet) |
                   +-----------------------------------+
                   |  Multicast Source (Variable)      |
                   +-----------------------------------+
                   |  Multicast Group Length (1 octet) |
                   +-----------------------------------+
                   |  Multicast Group   (Variable)     |
                   +-----------------------------------+
                   |  Ingress PE's IP address          |



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                   +-----------------------------------+
                   |  Originating Router's IP address  |
                   +-----------------------------------+

   When the PE deletes (S,G)/(*,G) state that was created as a result of
   receiving PIM or IGMP messages on one of its IP multicast interfaces,
   if the PE previousely originated a Leaf auto-discovery route for that
   state, then the PE SHOULD withdraw that route.


6.2.3. Constructing the Rest of the Leaf A-D Route

   The Next Hop field of the MP_REACH_NLRI attribute of the route SHOULD
   be set to the same IP address as the one carried in the Originating
   Router's IP Address field of the route.

   When Ingress Replication is used to instantiate the egress area
   segment then the Leaf A-D route MUST carry a downstream assigned
   label in the P-Tunnel Attribute where the P-Tunnel type is set to
   Ingress Replication. A PE MUST assign a distinct MPLS label for each
   Leaf A-D route originated by the PE.

   To constrain distribution of this route, the originating PE
   constructs an IP-based Route Target community by placing the IP
   address of the upstream node in the Global Administrator field of the
   community, with the Local Administrator field of this community set
   to 0. The originating PE then adds this Route Target Extended
   Community to this Leaf auto-discovery route. The upstream node's
   address is as determined in section 6.1.

   The PE then advertises this route to the upstream node.


6.3. PIM-SM in ASM mode for Internet Multicast

   This specification allows two options for supporting Internet
   Multicast with PIM-SM in ASM mode. The first option does not transit
   IP multicast shared trees over the MPLS network. The second option
   does transit shared trees over the MPLS network and relies on shared
   tree to source tree switchover.


6.3.1. Option 1

   This option does not transit IP multicast shared trees over the MPLS
   network. Therefore, when an (egress) PE creates (*, G) state (as a
   result of receiving PIM messages on one of its IP multicast
   interfaces), the PE does not propagate this state using Leaf A-D



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   routes.


6.3.1.1. Originating Source Active auto-discovery routes

   Whenever as a result of receiving PIM Register or MSDP messages an RP
   discovers a new multicast source the RP SHOULD originate a BGP Source
   Active auto-discovery route. Similarly whenever as a result of
   receiving MSDP messages a PE, that is not configured as a RP,
   discovers a new multicast source the PE SHOULD originate a BGP Source
   Active auto-discovery route. The BGP Source Active auto-discovery
   route carries a single MCAST-VPN NLRI constructed as follows:

        + The RD in this NLRI is set to 0.

        + The Multicast Source field MUST be set to S. The Multicast
          Source Length field is set appropriately to reflect this.

        + The Multicast Group field MUST be set to G. The Multicast Group
          Length field is set appropriately to reflect this.

   To constrain distribution of the Source Active auto-discovery route
   to the AS of the advertising RP this route SHOULD carry the NO_EXPORT
   Community ([RFC1997]).

   Using the normal BGP procedures the Source Active auto-discovery
   route is propagated to all other PEs within the AS.

   Whenever the RP discovers that the source is no longer active, the RP
   MUST withdraw the Source Active auto-discovery route, if such a route
   was previousely advertised by the RP.


6.3.1.2. Receiving BGP Source Active auto-discovery route by PE

   When as a result of receiving PIM messages on one of its IP multicast
   interfaces an (egress) PE creates in its Tree Information Base (TIB)
   a new (*, G) entry with a non-empty outgoing interface list that
   contains one or more IP multicast interfaces, the PE MUST check if it
   has any Source Active auto-discovery routes for that G. If there is
   such a route, S of that route is reachable via an MPLS interface, and
   the PE does not have (S, G) state in its TIB for (S, G) carried in
   the route, then the PE originates a Leaf A-D routes carrying that (S,
   G), as specified in Section "Leaf A-D Route for Internet Multicast".

   When an (egress) PE receives a new Source Active auto-discovery
   route, the PE MUST check if its TIB contains an (*, G) entry with the
   same G as carried in the Source Active auto-discovery route. If such



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   an entry is found, S is reachable via an MPLS interface, and the PE
   does not have (S, G) state in its TIB for (S, G) carried in the
   route, then the PE originates a Leaf A-D routes carrying that (S, G),
   as specified in Section "Leaf A-D Route for Internet Multicast".


6.3.1.3. Handling (S, G, RPTbit) state

   Creation and deletion of (S, G, RPTbit) state on a PE that resulted
   from receiving PIM messages on one of its IP multicast interfaces
   does not result in any BGP actions by the PE.


6.3.2. Option 2

   This option does transit IP multicast shared trees over the MPLS
   network. Therefore, when an (egress) PE creates (*, G) state (as a
   result of receiving PIM messages on one of its IP multicast
   interfaces), the PE does propagate this state using Leaf A-D routes.


6.3.2.1. Originating Source Active auto-discovery routes

   Whenever a PE creates an (S, G) state as a result of receiving Leaf
   A-D routes associated with Internet multicast service, if S is
   reachable via one of the IP multicast capable interfaces, and the PE
   determines that G is in the PIM-SM in ASM mode range, the PE MUST
   originate a BGP Source Active auto-discovery route. The route carries
   a single MCAST-VPN NLRI constructed as follows:

        + The RD in this NLRI is set to 0.

        + The Multicast Source field MUST be set to S. The Multicast
          Source Length field is set appropriately to reflect this.

        + The Multicast Group field MUST be set to G. The Multicast Group
          Length field is set appropriately to reflect this.

   To constrain distribution of the Source Active auto-discovery route
   to the AS of the advertising PE this route SHOULD carry the NO_EXPORT
   Community ([RFC1997]).

   Using the normal BGP procedures the Source Active auto-discovery
   route is propagated to all other PEs within the AS.

   Whenever the PE deletes the (S, G) state that was previously created
   as a result of receiving a Leaf A-D route for (S, G), the PE that
   deletes the state MUST also withdraw the Source Active auto-discovery



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   route, if such a route was advertised when the state was created.


6.3.2.2. Receiving BGP Source Active auto-discovery route

   Procedures for receiving BGP Source Active auto-discovery routes are
   the same as with Option 1.


6.3.2.3. Pruning Sources off the Shared Tree

   If after receiving a new Source Active auto-discovery route for (S,G)
   a PE determines that (a) it has the (*, G) entry in its TIB, (b) the
   incoming interface list (iif) for that entry contains one of the IP
   interfaces, (c) a MPLS LSP is in the outgoing interface list (oif)
   for that entry, and (d) the PE does not originate a Leaf A-D route
   for (S,G), then the PE MUST transition the (S,G,rpt) downstream state
   to the Prune state. [Conceptually the PIM state machine on the PE
   will act "as if" it had received Prune(S,G,Rpt) from some other PE,
   without actually having received one.] Depending on the (S,G,rpt)
   state on the iifs, this may result in the PE using PIM procedures to
   prune S off the Shared (*,G) tree.

   Transitioning the state machine to the Prune state SHOULD be done
   after a delay that is controlled by a timer. The value of the timer
   MUST be configurable. The purpose of this timer is to ensure that S
   is not pruned off the shared tree until all PEs have had time to
   receive the Source Active A-D route for (S,G).

   The PE MUST keep the (S,G,rpt) downstream state machine in the Prune
   state for as long as (a) the outgoing interface list (oif) for (*, G)
   contains a MPLS LSP, and (b) the PE has at least one Source Active
   auto-discovery route for (S,G), and (c) the PE does not originate the
   Leaf A-D route for (S,G).  Once either of these conditions become no
   longer valid, the PE MUST transition the (S,G,rpt) downstream state
   machine to the NoInfo state.

   Note that except for the scenario described in the first paragraph of
   this section, in all other scenarios relying solely on PIM procedures
   on the PE is sufficient to ensure the correct behavior when pruning
   sources off the shared tree.


6.3.2.4. More on handling (S, G, RPTbit) state

   Creation and deletion of (S, G, RPTbit) state on a PE that resulted
   from receiving PIM messages on one of its IP multicast interfaces
   does not result in any BGP actions by the PE.



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7. Egress ABR Procedures

   This section describes Egress ABR Procedures for constructing
   segmented inter-area P2MP LSP.

   When an egress ABR receives a Leaf auto-discovery route and the Route
   Target extended community carried by the route contains the IP
   address of this ABR, then the following procedures will be executed.

   If the RD of the received A-D route is not set to all 0s or all 1s,
   then the egress ABR MUST find a S-PMSI or I-PMSI route whose NLRI has
   the same value as the Route Key field of the received Leaf A-D route.
   If such a matching route is found then the Leaf A-D route MUST be
   accepted else it MUST be discarded. If the Leaf A-D route is accepted
   and if its the first Leaf A-D route update for the Route Key field in
   the route or the withdrawl of the last Leaf A-D route for the Route
   Key field then the following procedures will be executed.

   If the RD of the received A-D route is set to all 0s or all 1s then
   the received Leaf A-D route is for Internet Multicast.  In that case
   for the following procedure the Route Prefix is set to all fields of
   the Route Key minus the Ingress PE address. If this is the first Leaf
   A-D route update for this Route Prefix or the withdrawl of the last
   Leaf A-D route for the Route Prefix then the following procedures
   will be executed.

   While generating a Leaf A-D route update, the egress ABR originates a
   Leaf A-D route, whose MCAST-VPN NLRI is constructed as follows.

   The Route Key field of MCAST-VPN NLRI is the same as the Route Key
   field of MCAST-VPN NLRI of the received Leaf A-D route. The
   Originating Router's IP address field of MCAST-VPN NLRI is set to the
   address of the local ABR (the ABR that originates the route). In

   The Next Hop field of the MP_REACH_NLRI attribute of the route SHOULD
   be set to the same IP address as the one carried in the Originating
   Router's IP Address field of the route.

   To constrain distribution of this route the originating egress ABR
   constructs an IP-based Route Target community by placing the IP
   address of the upstream node in the Global Administrator field of the
   community, with the Local Administrator field of this community set
   to 0, and sets the Extended Communities attribute of this Leaf auto-
   discovery route to that community.

   The upstream node's IP address is the IP address determined from the
   Global Administrator field of the Inter-area P2MP Segmented Next-hop
   Extended Community, where this Extended Community is obtained as



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   follows.  When the Leaf A-D route is for MVPN or VPLS then this
   Extended Community is the one included in the I-S/PMSI A-D route that
   matches the Leaf A-D route.  When the Leaf A-D route is for Internet
   Multicast then this Extended Community is obtained from the best
   unicast route to the Ingress PE.  The Ingress PE address is
   determined from the received Leaf A-D route.  The best unicast route
   MUST first be determined from multicast SAFI i.e., SAFI 2 routes, if
   present.

   The ABR then advertises this Leaf A-D route to the upstream node
    in the backbone area.

   Mechanisms specific in RFC4684 for constrained BGP route distribution
   can be used along with this specification to ensure that only the
   needed PE/ABR will have to process a said Leaf auto-discovery route.

   When Ingress Replication is used to instantiate the backbone area
   segment then the Leaf A-D route originated by the egress ABR MUST
   carry a downstream assigned label in the P-Tunnel Attribute where the
   P-Tunnel type is set to Ingress Replication. An ABR MUST assign a
   distinct MPLS label for each Leaf A-D route originated by the ABR.

   In order to support Internet Multicast an egress ABR MUST auto-
   configure an import Route Target with the global administrator field
   set to the AS of the ABR and the local administrator field set to 0.

   When the Leaf A-D route is for Internet Multicast and if the
   following conditions hold true:


   - Its not the first Leaf A-D route for the Route Prefix,
   where the Route Prefix is determined as described above

   - The set of ingress PEs associated with the Route Prefix
   changes as a result of the new Leaf A-D route.

   - The ABR determines based on local policy to propagate
   the Leaf A-D route towards a different ingress PE than
   the one to which the Leaf A-D route is being currently
   propagated.


   Then the egress ABR MUST originate the Leaf A-D route as described in
   this section.

   If the received Leaf A-D route is the last Leaf A-D route for the
   Route Key for MVPN or VPLS or for the Route Prefix, as described
   above, for Internet Multicast, then the ABR must withdraw the



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   previously advertised Leaf A-D route.



7.1. P2MP LSP as the Intra-Area LSP in the Egress Area

   This section describes procedures for using intra-area P2MP LSPs in
   the egress area. The procedures that are common to both P2MP RSVP-TE
   and P2MP LDP are described first, followed by procedures that are
   specific to the signaling protocol.

   When P2MP LSPs are used as the intra-area LSPs, note that an existing
   intra-area P2MP LSP may be used solely for a particular inter-area
   P2MP service LSP, or for other inter-area P2MP service LSPs as well.
   The choice between the two options is purely local to the egress ABR.
   The first option provides one-to-one mapping between inter-area P2MP
   service LSPs and intra-area P2MP LSPs; the second option provides
   many-to-one mapping, thus allowing to aggregate forwarding state.


7.1.1. RD of the received Leaf-AD route is not zero or all ones

   When the RD of the received Leaf A-D route is not set to zero or all
   ones then the ABR MUST re-advertise in the egress area the MVPN/VPLS
   A-D route, that matches the Leaf A-D route to signal the binding of
   the intra-area P2MP LSP to the inter-area P2MP service LSP. This must
   be done ONLY if a) such a binding hasn't already been advertised or
   b) The binding has changed. The re-advertised route MUST carry the
   Inter-area P2MP Segmented Next-Hop Extended Community.

   The PMSI Tunnel attribute of the re-advertised route specifies either
   an intra-area P2MP RSVP-TE LSP or an intra-area P2MP LDP LSP rooted
   at the ABR and MUST also carry an upstream assigned MPLS label. The
   upstream-assigned MPLS label MUST be set to implicit NULL if the
   mapping between the inter-area P2MP service LSP and the intra-area
   P2MP LSP is one-to-one. If the mapping is many-to-one the intra-area
   segment of the inter-area P2MP service LSP (referred to as the
   "inner" P2MP LSP) is constructed by nesting the inter-area P2MP
   service LSP in an intra-area P2MP LSP (referred to as the "outer"
   intra-area P2MP LSP), by using P2MP LSP hierarchy based on upstream-
   assigned MPLS labels [RFC 5332].

   If segments of multiple MVPN or VPLS S-PMSI service LSPs are carried
   over a given intra-area P2MP LSP, each of these segments MUST carry a
   distinct upstream-assigned label, even if all these service LSPs are
   for (C-S/*, C-G/*)s from the same MVPN/VPLS. Therefore, an ABR
   maintains an LFIB state for each of the (C-S/*, C-G/*)s carried over
   S-PMSIs traversting this ABR (that applies to both the ingress and



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   the egress ABRs).


7.1.2. RD of the received Leaf A-D route is zero or all ones

   When the RD of the received Leaf A-D route is set to zero or all ones
   then this is the case of inter-area P2MP service LSP being associated
   with the Internet multicast service. The procedures for this are
   described below.


7.1.2.1. Internet Multicast and S-PMSI A-D Routes

   This section applies only if it is desirable to send a particular
   Internet Multicast flow to only those egress PEs that have receivers
   in a particular (S, G) or a particular (*, G) multicast flow.

   The egress ABR MUST originate a S-PMSI A-D route. The PMSI Tunnel
   attribute of the route MUST contain the identity of the intra-area
   P2MP LSP and an upstream assigned MPLS label. The RD, Multicast
   Source Length, Multicast Source, Multicast Group Length (1 octet),
   and Multicast Group fields of the NLRI of this route are the same as
   of the Leaf A-D route. The egress ABR MUST advertise this route into
   the backbone area. The Route Target of this route is an AS specific
   route-target with the AS set to the AS of the advertising ABR while
   the local administrator field is set to 0.


7.1.2.2. Internet Multicast and Wildcard S-PMSI A-D Routes

   It may be desirable for an ingress PE to aggregate Internet Multicast
   routes over a single Inter-area P2MP LSP. This can be achieved using
   wildcard, i.e., (*,*) S-PMSI A-D routes. An ingress PE MAY advertise
   a wildcard S-PMSI route as described in section "Ingress PE
   Procedures". If the ingress PE does indeed originate such a route the
   egress ABR would receive this route from the ingress ABR and MUST re-
   advertise it with the PMSI Tunnel Attribute containing the identifier
   of the intra-area P2MP LSP in the egress area and an upstream
   assigned label assigned to the inter-area wildcard S-PMSI.


7.1.3. Internet Multicast and the Expected Upstream Node

   If the mapping between the inter-area P2MP service LSP for Internet
   multicast service and the intra-area P2MP LSP is many-to-one then an
   egress PE must be able to determine whether a given multicast packet
   for a particular (S, G) is received from the "expected" upstream
   node. The expected node is the node towards which the Leaf A-D route



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   is sent by the egress PE.  Packets received from another upstream
   node for that (S, G) MUST be dropped.  To allow the egress PE to
   determine the sender upstream node, the intra-area P2MP LSP must be
   signaled with no PHP, when the mapping between the inter-area P2MP
   service LSP for Internet multicast service and the intra-area P2MP
   LSP is many-to-one.

   Further the egress ABR MUST first push onto the label stack the
   upstream assigned label advertised in the S-PMSI route, if the label
   is not an Implicit NULL.


7.1.4. P2MP LDP LSP as the Intra-Area P2MP LSP in the Egress Area

   The procedures above are sufficient if P2MP LDP LSPs are used as the
   Intra-area P2MP LSP in the Egress area.


7.1.5. P2MP RSVP-TE LSP as the Intra-Area P2MP LSP in the Egress Area

   If P2MP RSVP-TE LSP is used as the the intra-area LSP in the egress
   area, then the egress ABR can either (a) graft the leaf (whose IP
   address is specified in the received Leaf auto-discovery route)  into
   an existing P2MP LSP rooted at the egress ABR, and use that LSP for
   carrying traffic for the inter-area segmented P2MP service LSP, or
   (b) originate a new P2MP LSP to be used for carrying (S,G).

   When the RD of the received Leaf A-D route is zero or all ones, then
   the procedures are as described in section  7.1.2 ("RD of the
   received Leaf A-D route is zero or all ones").

   Note also that the SESSION object that the egress ABR would use for
   the intra-area P2MP LSP need not encode the P2MP FEC from the
   received Leaf auto-discovery route.


7.2. Ingress Replication in the Egress Area

   When Ingress Replication is used to instantiate the egress area
   segment then the Leaf A-D route advertised by the egress PE MUST
   carry a downstream assigned label in the P-Tunnel Attribute where the
   P-Tunnel type is set to Ingress Replication. We will call this the
   egress PE downstream assigned label.

   The egress ABR MUST forward packets received from the backbone area
   intra-area segment, for a particular inter-area P2MP LSP, to all the
   egress PEs from which the egress ABR has imported a Leaf A-D route
   for the inter-area P2MP LSP. A packet to a particular egress PE is



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   encapsulated, by the egress ABR, using a MPLS label stack the bottom
   label of which is the egress PE downstream assigned label. The top
   label is the P2P RSVP-TE or the MP2P LDP label to reach the egress
   PE.

   Note that these procedures ensures that an egress PE always receives
   packets only from the expected upstream PE.


8. Ingress ABR Procedures for constructing segmented inter-area P2MP LSP

   When an ingress ABR receives a Leaf auto-discovery route and the
   Route Target extended community carried by the route contains the IP
   address of this ABR, then the following procedures will be executed.

   These procedures are the same as in the section "Egress ABR
   Procedures" with egress ABR replaced with ingress ABR, backbone area
   replaced with ingress area and backbone area segment replaced with
   ingress area segment.

   In order to support Internet Multicast the ingress ABR MUST auto-
   configure an import Route Target with the global administrator field
   set to the AS of the ABR and the local administrator field set to 0.


8.1. P2MP LSP as the Intra-Area LSP in the Backbone Area

   If the RD of the received Leaf A-D route is not zero, and P2MP LSP is
   used as the the intra-area LSP in the backbone area, then the
   procedures for binding the backbone area segment of the inter-area
   P2MP LSP to the intra-area P2MP LSP in the backbone area, are the
   same as in section "Egress ABR Procedures" and sub-section "P2MP LSP
   as the Intra-Area LSP in the Egress Area".

   When the RD of the received Leaf A-D route is zero, as is the case
   where the inter-area service P2MP LSP is associated with the Internet
   multicast service, then the procedures are the same as in section
   "Egress ABR Procedures", and and sub-section "P2MP LSP as the Intra-
   Area LSP in the Egress Area", with egress ABR replaced with the
   ingress ABR. It is to be noted that if the backbone area uses
   wildcard S-PMSI then the egress area also must use wildcard S-PMSI
   for Internet Multicast or the ABRs must merge the wildcard S-PMSI
   onto the egress area (S, G) or (*, G) S-PMSI. The procedures for such
   merge require IP processing on the ABRs.







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8.2. Ingress Replication in the Backbone Area

   When Ingress Replication is used to instantiate the backbone area
   segment then the Leaf A-D route advertised by the egress ABR MUST
   carry a downstream assigned label in the P-Tunnel Attribute where the
   P-Tunnel type is set to Ingress Replication. We will call this the
   egress ABR downstream assigned label. The egress ABR MUST assign a
   distinct MPLS label for each Leaf A-D route originated by the ABR.

   The ingress ABR MUST forward packets received from the ingress area
   intra-area segment, for a particular inter-area P2MP LSP, to all the
   egress ABRs from which the ingress ABR has imported a Leaf A-D route
   for the inter-area P2MP LSP. A packet to a particular egress ABR is
   encapsulated, by the inress ABR, using a MPLS label stack the bottom
   label of which is the egress ABR downstream assigned label. The top
   label is the P2P RSVP-TE or the MP2P LDP label to reach the egress
   ABR.


9. Ingress PE/ASBR Procedures

   This section describes Ingress PE/ASBR procedures for constructing
   segmented inter-area P2MP LSP.

   When an ingress PE/ASBR receives a Leaf auto-discovery route and the
   Route Target extended community carried by the route contains the IP
   address of this PE/ASBR, then the following procedures will be
   executed.

   If the RD of the received A-D route is not set to all 0s or all 1s,
   then the egress ABR MUST find a S-PMSI or I-PMSI route whose NLRI has
   the same value as the Route Key field of the received Leaf A-D route.
   If such a matching route is found then the Leaf A-D route MUST be
   accepted else it MUST be discarded. If the Leaf A-D route is accepted
   then it MUST be processed as per MVPN or VPLS procedures.

   If the RD of the received A-D route is set to all 0s or all 1s then
   the received Leaf A-D route is for Internet Multicast.  In that case
   for the following procedure the Route Prefix is set to all fields of
   the Route Key minus the Ingress PE address. If this is the first Leaf
   A-D route update for this Route Prefix or the withdrawl of the last
   Leaf A-D route for the Route Prefix then the following procedures
   will be executed. The information carried in the MCAST-VPN NLRI of
   the route MUST be decoded. The PIM implementation should set its
   upstream (S/RP,G) state machine in Joined state for the (S/RP, G)
   received via a Leaf auto-discovery route update. Likewise, the PIM
   implementation should set its upstream (S/RP, G) state machine in
   Pruned state for the (S/RP, G) received via a Leaf auto-discovery



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   route withdrawl.


9.1. P2MP LSP as the intra-area LSP in the ingress area

   If the RD of the received Leaf A-D route is not zero, and P2MP LSP is
   used as the the intra-area LSP in the ingress area, then the
   procedures for binding the ingress area segment of the inter-area
   P2MP LSP to the intra-area P2MP LSP in the ingress area, are the same
   as in section "Egress ABR Procedures" and sub-section "P2MP LSP as
   the Intra-Area LSP in the Egress Area".

   When the RD of the received Leaf A-D route is zero, as is the case
   where the inter-area service P2MP LSP is associated with the Internet
   multicast service, then the ingress PE may originate a S-PMSI route
   with the RD, multicast source, multicast group fields being the same
   as those in the received Leaf A-D route.

   Further an ingress PE may originate a wildcard S-PMSI route as per
   the procedures in [MVPN-WILDCARD-SPMSI] with the RD set to 0. This
   route may be originated by the ingress PE based on configuration or
   based on the import of a Leaf A-D route with RD set to 0. If an
   ingress PE originates such a route, then the ingress PE may decide
   not to originate (S, G) or (*, G) S-PMSI routes.

   It is to be noted that if ingress area uses wildcard S-PMSI then the
   backbone area also must use wildcard S-PMSI for Internet Multicast or
   the ABRs must merge the wildcard S-PMSI onto the backbone area (S, G)
   or (*, G) S-PMSI. The procedures for such merge require IP processing
   on the ABRs.


9.2. Ingress Replication in the Ingress Area

   When Ingress Replication is used to instantiate the ingress area
   segment then the Leaf A-D route advertised by the ingress ABR MUST
   carry a downstream assigned label in the P-Tunnel Attribute where the
   P-Tunnel type is set to Ingress Replication. We will call this the
   ingress ABR downstream assigned label. The ingress ABR MUST assign a
   distinct MPLS label for each Leaf A-D route originated by the ABR.

   The ingress PE/ASBR MUST forward packets received from the CE, for a
   particular inter-area P2MP LSP, to all the ingress ABRs from which
   the ingress PE/ASBR has imported a Leaf A-D route for the inter-area
   P2MP LSP. A packet to a particular ingress ABR is encapsulated, by
   the inress PE/ASBR, using a MPLS label stack the bottom label of
   which is the ingress ABR downstream assigned label. The top label is
   the P2P RSVP-TE or the MP2P LDP label to reach the ingress ABR.



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10. Common Tunnel Type in the Ingress and Egress Areas

   For a given inter-area service P2MP LSP, the PE/ASBR that is the root
   of that LSP controls the tunnel type of the intra-area P-tunnel that
   carries the ingress area segment of that LSP. However, the tunnel
   type of the intra-area P-tunnel that carries the backbone area
   segment of that LSP may be different from the tunnel type of the
   intra-area P-tunnels that carry the ingress area segment and the
   egress area segment of that LSP. In that situation if for a given
   inter-area P2MP LSP it is desirable/necessary to use the same tunnel
   type for the intra-area P-tunnels that carry the ingress area segment
   and the egress area segment of that LSP, then the following
   procedures on the ingress ABR and egress ABR provide this
   functionality.

   When an ingress ABR re-advertises into the backbone area a BGP MVPN
   I-PMSI, or S-PMSI A-D route, or VPLS A-D route, the ingress ABR
   places the PMSI Tunnel attribute of this route into the ATTR_SET BGP
   Attribute [L3VPN-IBGP], adds this attribute to the re-advertised
   route, and then replaces the original PMSI Tunnel attribute with a
   new one (note, that the Tunnel type of the new attribute may be
   different from the Tunnel type of the original attribute).

   When an egress ABR re-advertises into the egress area a BGP MVPN I-
   PMSI or S-PMSI A-D route, or VPLS A-D route, if the route carries the
   ATTR_SET BGP attribute [L3VPN-IBGP], then the ABR sets the Tunnel
   type of the PMSI Tunnel attribute in the re-advertised route to the
   Tunnel type of the PMSI Tunnel attribute carried in the ATTR_SET BGP
   attribute, and removes the ATTR_SET from the route.


11. Placement of Ingress and Egress PEs

   As described in earlier sections, procedures in this document allow
   the placement of ingress and egress PEs in the backbone area. They
   also allow the placement of egress PEs in the ingress area or the
   placement of ingress PEs in the egress area.

   For instance ABRs in the backbone area may act as ingress and egress
   PEs for Internet Multicast, as per the ingress and egress PE
   definition in this document. This may be the case if the service is
   Internet Multicast and relies on Internet Multicast in the ingress
   and egress areas and its desirable to carry Internet Multicast over
   MPLS in the backbone area.  This may also be the case if the service
   is Multicast VPN and the P-tunnel technology in the ingress and
   egress areas uses PIM based IP/GRE P-tunnels.  As far as the ABRs are
   concerned PIM signaling for such P-Tunnels is handled as per the
   ingress/egress PE Internet Multicast procedures in this document. To



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   facilitate this the ABRs may advertise their loopback addresses in
   BGP using multicast-SAFI i.e., SAFI 2, if non-congruence between
   unicast and multicast is desired.


12. Data Plane

   This section describes the data plane procedures on the ABRs, ingress
   PEs, egress PEs and transit routers.


12.1. Data Plane Procedures on an ABR

   When procedures in this document are followed to signal inter-area
   P2MP Segmented LSPs then ABRs are required to perform only MPLS
   switching. When an ABR receives a MPLS packet from an "incoming"
   intra-area segment of the inter-area P2MP Segmented LSP, it forwards
   the packet, based on MPLS switching, onto another "outgoing" intra-
   area segment of the inter-area P2MP Segmented LSP.

   If the outgoing intra-area segment is instantiated using a P2MP LSP,
   and if there is a one-to-one mapping between the outgoing intra-area
   segment and the P2MP LSP, then the ABR MUST pop the incoming
   segment's label stack and push the label stack of the outgoing P2MP
   LSP. If there is a many-to-one mapping between outgoing intra-area
   segments and the P2MP LSP then the ABR MUST pop the incoming
   segment's label stack and first push the upstream assigned label
   corresponding to the outgoing intra-area segment, if such a label has
   been assigned, and then push the label stack of the outgoing P2MP
   LSP.

   If the outgoing intra-area segment is instantiated using ingress
   replication then the ABR must pop the incoming segment's label stack
   and replicate the packet once to each leaf ABR or PE of the outgoing
   intra-area segment.  The label stack of the packet sent to each such
   leaf MUST first include a downstream assigned label assigned by the
   leaf to the segment, followed by the label stack of the P2P or MP2P
   LSP to the leaf.


12.2. Data Plane Procedures on an Egress PE

   An egress PE must first identify the inter-area P2MP segmented LSP
   based on the incoming label stack. After this identification the
   egress PE must forward the packet using the application that is bound
   to the inter-area P2MP segmented LSP.

   Note that the application specific forwarding for MVPN service may



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   require the egress PE to determine whether the packets were received
   from the expected sender PE.  When the application is MVPN then the
   FEC of an inter-area P2MP Segmented LSP is at the granularity of the
   sender PE. Note that MVPN intra-AS I-PMSI A-D routes and S-PMSI A-D
   routes both carry the Originating Router IP Address. Thus an egress
   PE could associate the data arriving on P-tunnels advertised by these
   routes with the Originating Router IP Address carried by these routes
   which is the same as the ingress PE. Since a unique label stack is
   associated with each such FEC, the egress PE can determine the sender
   PE from the label stack.

   Likewise for VPLS service for the purposes of MAC learning the egress
   PE must be able to determine the "VE-ID" from which the packets have
   been received. The FEC of the VPLS A-D routes carries the VE-ID. Thus
   an egress PE could associate the data arriving on P-tunnels
   advertised by these routes with the VE-ID carried by these routes.
   Since a unique label stack is associated with each such FEC, the
   egress PE can perform MAC learning for packets received from a given
   VE-ID.

   When the application is Internet Multicast it is sufficient for the
   label stack to include identification of the sender upstream node.
   When P2MP LSPs are used this requires that PHP MUST be turned off.
   When Ingress Replication is used the egress PE knows the incoming
   downstream assigned label to which it has bound a particlar (S/*, G)
   and must accept packets with only that label for that (S/*. G).


12.3. Data Plane Procedures on an Ingress PE

   The Ingress PE must perform application specific forwarding
   procedures to identify the outgoing inta-area segment of an incoming
   packet.

   If the outgoing intra-area segment is instantiated using a P2MP LSP,
   and if there is a one-to-one mapping between the outgoing intra-area
   segment and the P2MP LSP, then the ingress PE MUST encapsulate the
   packet in the label stack of the outgoing P2MP LSP. If there is a
   many-to-one mapping between outgoing intra-area segments and the P2MP
   LSP then the PE  MUST first push the upstream assigned label
   corresponding to the outgoing intra-area segment, if such a label has
   been assigned,
    and then push the label stack of the outgoing P2MP LSP.

   If the outgoing intra-area segment is instantiated using ingress
   replication then the PE must replicate the packet once to each leaf
   ABR or PE of the outgoing intra-area segment. The label stack of the
   packet sent to each such leaf MUST first include a downstream



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   assigned label assigned by the leaf to the segment, followed by the
   label stack of the P2P or MP2P LSP to the leaf.


12.4. Data Plane Procedures on Transit Routers

   When procedures in this document are followed to signal inter-area
   P2MP Segmented LSPs then tansit routers in each area perform only
   MPLS switching.



13. IANA Considerations

   This document defines a new BGP Extended Community called "Inter-area
   P2MP Segmented Next-Hop". This community is IP Address Specific, of
   an extended type, and is transitive.  A codepoint for this community
   should be assigned both from the IPv4 Address Specific Extended
   Community registry, and from the IPv6 Address Specific Extended
   Community registry.  The same code point should be assigned from both
   registries.


14. Security Considerations

   These will be spelled out in a future revision.



15. References

15.1. Normative References

   [RFC5332] T. Eckert, E. Rosen, R. Aggarwal, Y. Rekhter, RFC5332

   [RFC2119] "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
   Levels.", Bradner, March 1997

   [MVPN-BGP] "BGP Encodings and Procedures for Multicast in MPLS/BGP IP
   VPNs", R. Aggarwal, E. Rosen, T. Morin, Y. Rekhter, draft-ietf-
   l3vpn-2547bis-mcast-bgp

   [[VPLS-P2MP] "Multicast in VPLS", R. Aggarwal, Y. Kamite, L. Fang,
   draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast

   [L3VPN-IBGP] "Internal BGP as PE-CE protocol", Pedro Marques, et al.,
   draft-ietf-l3vpn-ibgp, work in progress




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15.2. Informative References

   [SEAMLESS-MPLS] "Seamless MPLS Architecture", N. Leymann et. al.,
   draft-leymann-mpls-seamless-mpls



16. Author's Address

   Yakov Rekhter
   Juniper Networks
   1194 North Mathilda Ave.
   Sunnyvale, CA 94089
   Email: yakov@juniper.net

   Rahul Aggarwal
   Juniper Networks
   1194 North Mathilda Ave.
   Sunnyvale, CA 94089
   Phone: +1-408-936-2720
   Email: rahul@juniper.net

   Thomas Morin
   France Telecom R & D
   2, avenue Pierre-Marzin
   22307 Lannion Cedex
   France
   Email: thomas.morin@francetelecom.com

   Irene Grosclaude
   France Telecom R & D
   2, avenue Pierre-Marzin
   22307 Lannion Cedex
   France
   Email: irene.grosclaude@orange-ftgroup.com

   Nicolai Leymann
   Deutsche Telekom AG
   Winterfeldtstrasse 21
   Berlin  10781
   DE
   Email: n.leymann@telekom.de

   Samir Saad
   AT&T
   Email: ss2539@att.com





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Rekhter                                                        [Page 29]