EAP Working Group                                            P. Urien
  Internet Draft                                      Telecom ParisTech
  Intended status: Informational                             G. Pujolle
                                                                   LIP6
                                                        February 1 2009
  Expires: August 1, 2009

                             EAP Support in Smartcard
                         draft-urien-eap-smartcard-16.txt


Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with
   the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
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   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on August 2009.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2009 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with
   respect to this document.

Abstract

   This document describes the functional interface, based on the
   ISO7816 standard, to EAP methods, fully and securely executed in
   smart cards. This class of tamper resistant device may deliver


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   client or server services; it can compute Root Keys from an Extended
   Master Session Key (EMSK).

Conventions used in this document

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119.

Table of Contents

   Copyright Notice................................................... 1
   Abstract........................................................... 1
   Conventions used in this document.................................. 2
   1 Overview......................................................... 5
   2 Relationships with RFC 3748...................................... 6
      2.1 EAP multiplexing model...................................... 6
      2.2 EAP smartcards.............................................. 6
   3 Overview of EAP smartcards in the IETF context................... 7
      3.1 Network Interface........................................... 8
      3.2 Other services.............................................. 9
      3.3 Out Of Band (OOB) facilities................................ 9
   4 User's Identity.................................................. 9
   5 EAP smartcard services.......................................... 10
      5.1 Add-Identity............................................... 10
      5.2 Delete-Identity............................................ 10
      5.3 Get-Preferred-Identity..................................... 10
      5.4 Get-Current-Identity....................................... 10
      5.5 Get-Next-Identity.......................................... 10
      5.6 Set-Identity............................................... 11
      5.7 Get-Profile-Data........................................... 11
      5.8 Process-EAP................................................ 11
      5.9 Process-EAP-OOB............................................ 12
      5.10 Get-Session-Key........................................... 12
      5.11 Get-State................................................. 12
      5.12 Reset-State............................................... 12
      5.13 Method Functions.......................................... 13
      5.14 Multiple EAP Identity selection........................... 13
      5.15 Get-Exported-Parameters................................... 13
      5.17 Get-AMSK.................................................. 14
   6 Client and Server facilities.................................... 15
   7 IEEE 802.16 services............................................ 15
      7.1 Get-Certificate............................................ 15
      7.2 Private-Key-Decryption..................................... 16
   8 Relationships with the Smartcard Interface Entity............... 16
   9 ISO 7816-4 APDUs................................................ 16
      9.1 ISO 7816 Status Word....................................... 17
      9.2 Segmentation/Reassembly rules.............................. 17
          9.2.1 Segmentation ........................................ 17
          9.2.2 Reassembly .......................................... 18
      9.3 PIN Management............................................. 18

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          9.3.1 Verify PIN .......................................... 18
          9.3.2 Change PIN .......................................... 18
          9.3.3 Enable PIN .......................................... 18
          9.3.4 Disable PIN ......................................... 19
          9.3.5 Unblock PIN ......................................... 19
      9.4 Multi-Applications smartcard considerations................ 19
      9.5 Add-Identity............................................... 20
      9.6 Delete-Identity............................................ 20
      9.7 Get-Preferred-Identity..................................... 20
      9.8 Get-Current-Identity....................................... 20
      9.9 Get-Next-Identity.......................................... 21
      9.10 Get-Profile-Data.......................................... 21
      9.11 Set-Identity.............................................. 21
      9.12 Set-Multiple-Identity..................................... 22
      9.13 Process-EAP............................................... 22
          9.13.1 Standard format .................................... 22
          9.13.2 ETSI format ........................................ 23
      9.14 Process-EAP-OOB........................................... 24
      9.15 Get-Session-Key........................................... 24
      9.16 Get-Current-Version....................................... 25
      9.17 Get-State................................................. 25
      9.18 Reset-State............................................... 26
      9.19 Get-Exported-Parameter.................................... 26
      9.20 Get-AMSK.................................................. 27
      9.21 Method Functions.......................................... 27
      9.22 IEEE 802.16 Services...................................... 28
      9.23 Commands summary.......................................... 29
   10 Security Considerations........................................ 30
      10.1 Security Claims........................................... 30
      10.2 Smart Card Technology..................................... 30
      10.3 Tamper Resistant Storage and Execution.................... 30
      10.4 Multi Factor Authentication............................... 31
      10.5 Random Number Generation.................................. 31
      10.6 Cryptographic Capabilities................................ 31
      10.7 Secure Provisioning....................................... 31
      10.8 Certification............................................. 31
      10.9 Smart Cards and EAP Security Claims....................... 32
          10.9.1 Mutual Authentication .............................. 32
          10.9.2 Confidentiality .................................... 32
          10.9.3 Key Derivation ..................................... 32
          10.9.4 Man-in-the-Middle Attacks .......................... 32
          10.9.5 Dictionary Attacks ................................. 32
          10.9.6 Cryptographic Binding .............................. 32
          10.9.7 Channel Binding .................................... 33
          10.9.8 Protection Against Rogue Networks .................. 33
          10.9.9 Authentication Method Security ..................... 33
   11 Intellectual Property Right Notice............................. 33
   12 Annex 1, EAP-SIM packet details................................ 34
      12.1 Full Authentication....................................... 34
      12.2 Re-Authentication......................................... 35
   13 Annex 2, EAP-MD5 packet details................................ 37

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   14 Annex 3 - TLS support.......................................... 39
      14.1 Unix Time issue........................................... 39
      14.2 Fragment Maximum Size..................................... 39
      14.3 EAP/TLS messages format................................... 40
      14.4 Example of EAP/TLS Authentication......................... 40
   15 Annex 4 ASN.1 BER Tag coding for the subscriber profile
   information....................................................... 41
      15.1 ASN.1 Subscriber Profile Encoding......................... 41
          15.1.1 EapID .............................................. 41
          15.1.2 EapType ............................................ 41
          15.1.3 Version ............................................ 42
          15.1.4 User Credential .................................... 42
          15.1.5 UserProfile ........................................ 42
          15.1.6 UserProfile encoding example ....................... 43
   16 Annex 5 APDUs exchange example................................. 44
   17 Annex 6, EAP-TLS ISO7816 APDUs Trace (T=0 Protocol)............ 45
      17.1 EAP-TLS session parameters................................ 45
          17.1.1 CA Public Key (2048 bits) .......................... 45
          17.1.2 Server Public Key (1024 bits) ...................... 45
          17.1.3 Client Private Key (1024 bits) ..................... 45
      17.2 Full EAP-TLS trace (mode 2)............................... 46
      17.3 EAP-TLS mode1 ISO7816 trace (T=0 protocol)................ 53
   18 Annex 7, EAP-AKA ISO7816 APDUs Trace (T=0 Protocol)............ 56
   19 IANA Considerations............................................ 60
   20 References..................................................... 60
      20.1 Normative References...................................... 60
      20.2 Informative References.................................... 62
   21 Authors' Addresses............................................. 62
























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1 Overview

   All wireless LAN technologies derived from IEEE 802.11 or IEEE
   802.16 specifications need strong security protocols for data
   privacy, integrity and network access control.

   Standards such as [802.1X], [IEEE 802.16e], [IKEv2], require the
   Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) [RFC 3748] as the framework
   for authentication purposes, with a mutual authentication between a
   client (supplicant, subscriber's terminal, VPN user) and an
   authentication server (AS).

   EAP methods MAY be implemented in smart cards.

   This draft describes a standard interface to EAP methods embedded in
   ISO7816 smart cards. These devices are generally considered as one
   of the most secure computing platform. As an illustration the NIST
   issued a set of specifications [NIST-PIV], dealing with the Personal
   Identity Verification (PIV) integrated circuit card.

   Annex one provides a reference example for a SIM based
   authentication [EAP-SIM]. Annex two gives a reference example for a
   MD5 based authentication. Annex three presents a reference example
   for a TLS based authentication [EAP-TLS]. Annex four describes the
   user's profile according to the ASN.1 [ASN.1] syntax. Annex five
   illustrates an MD5 authentication scenario that works with an EAP
   smartcard. Annex six shows ISO 7816 data exchanges with EAP-TLS
   smartcards. Annex seven presents ISO 7816 data exchanges with EAP-
   AKA [EAP-AKA] smart cards.























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2 Relationships with RFC 3748

2.1 EAP multiplexing model

   According to [RFC 3748], EAP implementations conceptually consist of
   the four following components:

   1- Lower layer. The lower layer is responsible for transmitting and
   receiving EAP frames between the peer and authenticator. EAP has
   been run over a variety of lower layers including
   - PPP;
   - Wired IEEE 802 LANs [IEEE-802.1X];
   - IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs [IEEE-802.11];
   - IEEE 802.16e Wireless Metropolitan LANs [IEEE-802.16e];
   - UDP (L2TP [L2TP] and IKEv2 [IKEv2])

   2- EAP layer. The EAP layer receives and transmits EAP packets via
   the lower layer, implements duplicate detection and retransmission,
   and delivers and receives EAP messages to and from EAP methods.

   3- EAP peer and authenticator layers. Based on the Code field, the
   EAP layer de-multiplexes incoming EAP packets to the EAP peer and
   authenticator layers. Typically, an EAP implementation on a given
   host will support either peer or authenticator functionality.

   4- EAP method. EAP methods implement the authentication algorithms
   and receive and transmit EAP messages. Since fragmentation support
   is not provided by EAP itself, this is the responsibility of EAP
   methods.

2.2 EAP smartcards

   An EAP smart card implements one or several EAP methods, and works
   in cooperation with a Smartcard Interface Entity, that sends and
   receives EAP messages to/from this device. The simplest form of this
   interface is a software bridge that transparently forwards EAP
   messages to smart card.















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             +-+-+-+-+-+-+                              +-+-+-+-+-+-+
             | EAP method|                              | EAP method|
             | Smartcard |                              | Smartcard |
             |   Client  |                              |   Server  |
             |  Type = X |                              |  Type = Y |
             +-+-+-+-+-+-+                              +-+-+-+-+-+-+
                   !                                          !
             +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
             |  Smartcard  | EAP method|  | EAP method  | Smartcard |
             |  Interface  | Type = Y  |  |  Type = X   | Interface |
             |    Entity   |           |  |             |   Entity  |
             +-+-+-+-V-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  +-+-+-+-!-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
             |       !                 |  |       !                 |
             |  EAP  !  Peer Layer     |  |  EAP  !  Auth. Layer    |
             |       !                 |  |       !                 |
             +-+-+-+-!-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  +-+-+-+-!-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
             |       !                 |  |       !                 |
             |  EAP  ! Layer           |  |  EAP  !  Layer          |
             |       !                 |  |       !                 |
             +-+-+-+-!-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  +-+-+-+-!-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
             |       !                 |  |       !                 |
             | Lower !  Layer          |  | Lower !  Layer          |
             |       !                 |  |       !                 |
             +-+-+-+-!-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  +-+-+-+-!-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
                     !                            ! Authentication
                     !   Peer                     ! Server
                     +------------>---------------+

3 Overview of EAP smartcards in the IETF context.

   Peer-Layer Interface         EAP Smartcard                 Exported-
   (RFC 4137)                Additional Services             Parameters

   |                        |Content  |Security |Identity             |
   |                        |Mngt     |Mngt     |Mngt                 |
   |                        |         |         |                     |
   |                       +V+-+-+-+-+V+-+-+-+-+V+                    |
   |                       |    EAP Smartcard    |  SC.Get-Exp-Param  |
   |                       |        Method       |-> Channel Binding  |
   | SC.Reset,SC.Get-State |                     |-> Peer-ID          |
   |         MethodState ->|    Secure Method    |-> Server-ID        |
   |                       |      Processing     |-> Method-ID        |
   |        SC.Process-EAP |                     |                    |
   |          eapReqData ->|  Secure Storage of  | SC.Get-Session-Key |
   |                       |  method credentials |-> MSK              |
   |                       |                     |                    |
   |                       |     Keys caching    | SC.Get-AMSK        |
   |                       |         (EMSK)      |-> AMSK             |
                           +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+



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   The EAP smartcard offers four classes of services, the network
   interface, the content management, the security management and the
   identity management.

3.1 Network Interface

   Network services comprise two kinds of functional interfaces,
   described in [RFC 4137] and in [EAP-KEY], that we call Peer-Layer
   and Exported-Parameters.

   The interface between EAP methods and the Peer-Layer is introduced
   in [RFC 4137] and comprises two main procedures:

   - methodState() initializes a method or gets its current state. This
   function is realized by two EAP-Smartcard procedures named SC.Reset-
   State and SC.Get-State.

   - eapReqData() forwards EAP messages to methods, and optionally
   returns a response. The EAP smartcard uses the SC.Process-EAP
   command for that purpose.

   Upon success, the method computes a set of values, whose use is more
   precisely defined in [EAP-KEY], and which are made available for
   other EAP layers:

   - The Master Session Key (MSK) used as a shared secret, involved in
   cryptographic material generation. The SC.Get-Session-Key command
   returns this value.

   - An additional key, the Extended Master Session Key (EMSK), never
   shared with a third party. This key is cached by the EAP-Smartcard.

   - Application Master Session Keys (AMSK) introduced by in [EAP-EXT]
   and obtained through a key distribution function (KDF) using EMSK
   and other values, as input parameters. This key is collected by the
   SC.Get-AMSK command.

   - Method-ID used as a unique identifier of an EAP conversation. It's
   typically obtained by the concatenation of two random values
   generated by server and client entities. This value is obtained via
   the SC.Get-Exported-Parameter command.

   - Server-ID corresponding to the identity, if any, of the server.
   For example it's the subject field of an X.509 certificate. This
   value is obtained via the SC.Get-Exported-Parameter command.

   - Peer-ID used for the identity of the client, if any. It could be
   the subject field of an X.509 certificate. This value is obtained
   via the SC.Get-Exported-Parameter command.



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   - Channel Bindings used as elements of information, typically
   relative to the IEEE 802.1x access point (Called-Station-Id,
   Calling-Station-Id, NAS-Identifier, NAS IP-Address, etc.). They are
   optionally mirrored during an EAP session, from server to client.
   This value is obtained via the SC.Get-Exported-Parameter command.

3.2 Other services

   An EAP-Smartcard has a physical interface with the EAP-Peer layer
   and produces output values as described in the previous section.
   However other management services are required for practical
   reasons:

   - Content Management. It's the set of operations needed to download
   credentials required by a particular method (X.509 certificates,
   cryptographic key,...).

   - Security Management. This service manages mechanisms (PIN code,
   biometric techniques,...) that restrict EAP-Smartcard use to
   authorized bearers.

   - Identity Management. When several methods are available, this
   service allows selecting one of them.

3.3 Out Of Band (OOB) facilities

   EAP sessions may tunnel protocols such as NAP (Network Access
   Protection) or NAC (Network Admission Control). It is likely that
   these transported messages will be encrypted and protected according
   to mechanisms managed by EAP methods.

   OOB facilities are services that enable Smartcard Interface Entities
   to exchange OOB messages (such as NAP or NAC) tunneled by smart card
   embedded EAP methods.

4 User's Identity

   The user's identity is a pointer to a tuple of values that comprises

   - The EAP-ID (the parameter returned in the EAP-Response Identity
   message),
   - The method type,
   - Credentials (certificates, private keys, shared secrets...)
   associated to this particular type.

   It may be of various types:

   - A network SSID as described in the 802.11 standard [IEEE 802.11].
   - A user's identification (UserID) e.g. an ASCII string. A network
   access identifier, NAI [RFC 4282] may be used as UserID.
   - A pseudonym, e.g. a friendly name.

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   - Etc...

5 EAP smartcard services

   Mandatory services MUST be implemented in any smartcard that claims
   conformance with this draft.

   Optional services are not required by basic authentication
   operations.

   Secure services MAY be protected by a PIN code. Non secure services
   MUST be freely accessible.

5.1 Add-Identity
   Status: Optional.
   Security: Secure(ISSUER).
   The smartcard is initially manufactured without any user's identity.
   The personalization software or the Identity Management software,
   adds in the smartcard a user's identity that can be retrieved by
   other commands.

5.2 Delete-Identity
   Status: Optional
   Security: Secure(ISSUER)
   The smartcard contains a list of one or several user's identity that
   can be retrieved by the Identity Management software. The command
   deletes one entry of the identity list.

5.3 Get-Preferred-Identity
   Status: Optional
   Security: Non Secure.
   The smartcard contains at least one user's identity. The Identity
   Management software gets from the smartcard the initial and
   preferred user's identity. If the user has more than one identity,
   the Identity Management software uses the Get-Next-Identity to read
   all available identities.

5.4 Get-Current-Identity
   Status: Mandatory
   Security: Non Secure
   The smartcard contains at least one user's identity related to the
   user's network subscription. The Identity Management software gets
   from the smartcard its current user's identity.

5.5 Get-Next-Identity
   Status: Mandatory
   Security: Non Secure
   The smartcard may contain one or more user's identities according to
   the user's network subscriptions. The Identity Management software
   MAY prompt the user's identity and a subsequent selection allows the
   smartcard to process the appropriate EAP authentication type. The

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   Get-Next-Identity command allows the Identity Management software to
   read all the available user's identities.

   The Get-Next-Identity command MAY inform the Identity Management
   software when all user's identities have been read. Otherwise the
   Identity Management software detects the identity list end, when it
   gets again the first identity.

5.6 Set-Identity
   Status: Mandatory
   Security: Secure(BEARER)
   Once the Identity selection is processed, the Identity Management
   software needs to set the smartcard EAP framework, according to the
   selected user's identity. The Set-Identity sets the smartcard EAP
   state machine to the AUTHENTICATING state.

5.7 Get-Profile-Data
   Status: Optional
   Security: Secure(BEARER)
   The Identity Management software MAY request the subscriber's
   profile information. The Get-Profile-Data returns all related
   information available in the smartcard. Details of the subscriber's
   profile information are given in annex 4. The implementation of the
   information may be ruled by ASN.1 BER coding specification [ASN.1]
   or by an XML dialect [XML].

5.8 Process-EAP
   Status: Mandatory
   Security: Secure(BEARER)
   The EAP process is described in the RFC 3748 specification and
   involves several EAP requests and responses packets,

   1) EAP request/response Identity;
   2) A suite of EAP request/response related to a particular
   authentication scenario; and
   3) EAP success or failure.

   The Set-Identity restarts the smartcard EAP framework state machine
   for further processing using the EAP-Packets method.

   An incoming EAP/Request/Identity restarts the smartcard EAP
   framework state machine for further processing using other EAP-
   Packets methods.

   The smartcard receives RFC 3748 frames. It retrieves the appropriate
   EAP authentication type and its associated identifier.

   The smartcard maintains the EAP state machine and returns an EAP NAK
   packet if this state sequence is broken. In that case it reaches the
   NOT-AUTHENTICATED state.


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   Any EAP request is silently ignored if the state machine was not
   started.

   The last step of the protocol retrieves the Session Key from the
   smartcard.

5.9 Process-EAP-OOB
   Status: Optional.
   Security: Secure (BEARER)

   EAP method may tunnel Out Of Band messages used by protocols such as
   NAP or NAC.

   According to [RFC 4282] an EAP packet includes a length field that
   indicates the whole packet size.

   OOB data are appended to EAP packets, and their optional presence is
   implicitly notified by the use of the Process-EAP-OOB command.

5.10 Get-Session-Key
   Status: Mandatory.
   Security: Secure(BEARER)

   At the end of a successful authentication the Smartcard Interface
   Entity needs to update the appropriate crypto suite (if any) using
   the master session key (MSK).

   The Get-Session-Key returns MSK to the Smartcard Interface Entity.

   In the 801.1X context, MSK should be interpreted as the unicast key.

   In the 802.11i or WPA context MSK should be interpreted as the PMK
   (Pairwise Master Key).

5.11 Get-State.
   Status: Optional.
   Security: Secure(BEARER)

   This command returns the current smartcard state:

   1) IDENTITY-NOT-SET, no user's identity has been selected.
   2) AUTHENTICATING, an authentication session is in progress.
   3) AUTHENTICATED, last authentication session was successful.
   4) NOT-AUTHENTICATED, last authentication session failed.

5.12 Reset-State.
   Status: Optional.
   Security: Secure(BEARER)

   If the current state is IDENTITY-NOT-SET, this command has no
   effect.

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   Otherwise this command forces the EAP smartcard in the
   AUTHENTICATING state.

5.13 Method Functions
   Status: Optional.
   Security: Secure(BEARER)

   These facilities are dedicated to test issues and SHOULD BE
   forbidden in operational environments. The following services MAY be
   supported:

    -X509 Certificate storage
    -Random generator
    -Private key encryption
    -Private key decryption
    -Public key encryption
    -Public key decryption
    -Symmetric key encryption
    -Symmetric key decryption

5.14 Multiple EAP Identity selection

   Status: Optional.
   Security: Secure(BEARER)

   Multiple EAP authentications MAY be processed simultaneously in the
   same smartcard. If this capability is supported, the following rules
   apply:

   1) Multiple EAP Identities MAY be selected at the same time.
   2) Each selected EAP identity is associated with a short identifier
   returns by the Set-Identity command.

   The Smartcard Interface Entity software SHALL include this short
   identifier when necessary, in order to inform which of the selected
   EAP identities the command is targeted to.

   The smartcard software SHALL maintain a separate EAP state machine
   for each of the different selected EAP identities.

5.15 Get-Exported-Parameters

   Status: Optional.
   Security: Secure(BEARER)

   According to [EAP-KEY], EAP methods export a set of parameters that
   MAY be used by other EAP layers. In this draft, each attribute is
   identified by an index, and is read thanks to the Get-Exported-
   Parameter(index) command.


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   Six indexes are defined, that are associated to the following
   attributes:

   Index 1: Peer-ID.
   The peer identity authenticated by the EAP method.

   Index 2: Server-ID:
   It's the optional server identity, authenticated by the EAP method.

   Index 3: Method-ID.
   EAP method specifications deriving keys MUST specify a temporally
   unique method identifier known as the Method-ID.

   Index 4: Session-ID.
   The Session-ID uniquely identifies an EAP session between an EAP
   peer (as identified by the Peer-ID) and server (as identified by the
   Server-ID).

   Index 5: Key-Lifetime.
   While EAP itself does not support key lifetime negotiation, it is
   possible to specify methods that do.

   Index 6: Channel Bindings.
   Channel Bindings include lower layer parameters that are verified
   for consistency between the EAP peer and server. In order to avoid
   introducing media dependencies, EAP methods that transport Channel
   Binding data MUST treat this data as opaque octets.

5.17 Get-AMSK

   According to [RFC 4017] EMSK is an "additional keying material
   derived between the EAP client and server that are exported by the
   EAP method. The EMSK is at least 64 octets in length. The EMSK is
   not shared with the authenticator or any other third party. The EMSK
   is reserved for future uses that are not yet defined".

   It has been suggested in [EAP-EXT] to derive Application-specific
   Master Session Keys (AMSKs) from EMSK. As an illustration AMSK MAY
   be obtained by a Key Derivation Function (KDF), such as

                        AMSK = KDF(EMSK, label, length)

   As pointed in [HOKEY-EMSK] "Different uses for keys derived from the
   EMSK have been proposed. Some examples include hand off across
   access points in various mobile technologies, mobile IP
   authentication and higher layer application authentication". This
   document introduces Specific Root Keys (USRK), and defines a special
   class of USRK, called a Domain Specific Root Key (DSRK); each DSRK
   is a root key used to derive Domain Specific Usage Specific Root
   Keys (DSUSRK).


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                                 EMSK
                                /    \
                             USRK   DSRK
                                   /    \
                              DSUSRK1 DSUSRK2

   The USRK key derivation function is based on a pseudo random
   function (PRF) that has the following function prototype:

                       KDF = PRF(key, data), key=EMSK

   and          DSUSRK = KDF(DSRK, key label, optional data, length)

   In [WiMAX-Forum-Stage2] the Mobile IP Root Key (MIP-RK) is generated
   at the EAP-Authentication Server which is collocated with the HAAA
   and at the EAP-Peer located in the MS.

             MIP-RK = HMAC-SHA1(EMSK, "MIP APPLICATION ROOT KEY")

   The Get-AMSK(index, data) is a generic command, used to compute AMSK
   key, (as defined in [HOKEY-EMSK], [WiMAX-Forum-Stage2]) identified
   by an index and optionally associated to data, needed to its
   calculation.

6 Client and Server facilities

   EAP smartcard may offer two classes of services,
   - Client smartcards process EAP requests and returns EAP responses
   - Server smartcards process EAP responses and returns EAP requests

7 IEEE 802.16 services

   The [IEEE 802.16] security is based on the PKM (Privacy Key
   Management) protocol which requires, on the user's side, an X509
   certificate and a private RSA key.

   [IEEE 802.16e] MAY support a version of PKM, referred as PKM-EAP,
   which at the end of authentication scenario, produces a MSK key,
   according to [RFC 3748]

   An IEEE 802.16 service is a couple of credentials (X509Certificate,
   Private RSA Key), associated to a given identification label, and
   therefore working with a particular EAP method.

   Two services are defined.

7.1 Get-Certificate

   Status: Optional.
   Security: Secure(BEARER)


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   This command reads the X509 certificate, associated with an
   identification label, which is either implicit or identified by an
   index.

7.2 Private-Key-Decryption

   Status: Optional.
   Security: Secure(BEARER)

   This command decrypts a message encrypted with the client public
   key, according to [PKCS1]

8 Relationships with the Smartcard Interface Entity.

   The Smartcard Interface Entity is a piece of software that
   establishes a logical bridge with smartcards. It MUST be able to
   detect a smartcard. If the device is not present, or if it silently
   discards an EAP message, then the Smartcard Interface Entity MUST
   reject all incoming request messages by the NAK code.

9 ISO 7816-4 APDUs

   This section of the document provides an implementation of the
   previous descriptions for ISO 78176-4 compatible smartcards. The
   section does not preclude of the transport protocol used between the
   smartcard and the reader. Thus, this specification does not mandate-
   to-implement any transport protocol such as T=0 or T=1, which are
   not in the scope of this document. It should be noticed that all
   values are in hexadecimal representation.

   Annexes of this document give implementation examples.

   Note: The class byte value defined in this section ('A0') SHALL be
   interpreted as an implementation example. Other values MAY be used
   respecting conventions, defined in ISO 78176-4.

















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9.1 ISO 7816 Status Word

   According to ISO 7816, the status word SW1, SW2 is a two bytes word,
   giving information about current operation either success or
   failure.

   '90' '00' indicates an operation success
   '98' '04' indicates one of the following events,
   - Access Condition not fulfilled, e.g. a pin code presentation is
   required.
   - Unsuccessful user PIN verification, at least one attempt left.
   '98' '40' indicates one of the following events
   - Unsuccessful user PIN verification, no attempt left
   - Smartcard blocked
   '9F' 'xx' indicates that xx bytes (mod 256) are ready for reading.
   - Operation result MUST be fetched by the ISO Get Response APDU (CLA
   = 'C0', P3= 'XX')
   '67' 'XX'
   - Incorrect parameter P3
   '6B' 'XX'
   - Incorrect parameter P1 or P2
   '6D' 'XX'
   - Unknown instruction code (INS) given in the command
   '6E' 'XX'
   - Wrong instruction class (CLA) given in the command
   '6F' 'XX'
   - Technical problem, not implemented...
   '61 ''XX'
   - Operation result MUST be fetched by the ISO Get Response APDU (CLA
   = 'C0', P3= 'XX')
   '6C ''XX'
   - Operation must be performed again, with the LE parameter value
   sets to 'XX'.
   '70' '00'
   - Packet silently discarded.
   '70' '01'
   - Authentication failure

9.2 Segmentation/Reassembly rules

  9.2.1 Segmentation

   When a command transfers a payload, whose size is greater than 255
   bytes, the less significant bit of the P1 byte is used as a More
   flag.

   - This bit is equal to zero for a non fragmented payload or a last
   fragment (More = 0 = False).

   - This bit is set to one (More = 1 = True) for a payload fragment.


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   See annexes for examples.

  9.2.2 Reassembly

   - When a command reads less than 256 bytes, or in the last bloc
   case, the returned payload ends by the 9000 Status Word.

   - When a command returns more than 256 bytes, each payload bloc
   (except for the last one) ends by the 9yxx Status Word, in which xx
   indicates the length of the next bloc and y MAY have any value
   between 1 and F. The GET (INS=C0) command (A0C00000xx) is used to
   read the next bloc.

   - See annexes for examples.

9.3 PIN Management

   Some services require that the smartcard's bearer presents its PIN
   code.

   Smartcard returns the '98' '04' status word when it's necessary to
   check the PIN code, before accessing to a particular service (see
   previous section). A PIN code is typically a four/eight digits
   decimal number, ASCII encoded, and ranging between '0000' and
   '9999'.

  9.3.1 Verify PIN
   +--------+-----+----------+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class|    INS   | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+----------+----+----+----+----+
   | Verify | A0  | 20 or 2A | 00 | 00 | 08 | 00 |
   +--------+-----+----------+----+----+----+----+

   The ISO APDU Verify is used when a PIN code presentation is
   required.
   Lc is the PIN code length, typically height ASCII encoded bytes.

  9.3.2 Change PIN

   This APDU modifies the user PIN code.
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   | Change | A0  |  24 | 00 | 00 | 10 | 00 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   The old PIN (8 bytes) and new PIN (8 bytes) are presented

  9.3.3 Enable PIN

   This APDU enables the user's PIN function.

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   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   | Enable | A0  |  26 | 00 | 00 | 08 | 00 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   The user PIN code (8 bytes) is presented.

  9.3.4 Disable PIN
   This APDU disables the user's PIN function.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   | Disable| A0  |  28 | 00 | 00 | 08 | 00 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   The user PIN code is presented.

  9.3.5 Unblock PIN

   This APDU unblocks a smartcard, blocked after three wrong PIN code
   presentations.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   | Unblock| A0  |  2C | 00 | 00 | 10 | 00 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   The user PIN's code (8 bytes) and an unblock code (8 bytes) are
   presented.

9.4 Multi-Applications smartcard considerations

   A smartcard may store several applications, each of them being
   identified by a set of bytes referred as the Application IDentifier
   (AID).
   The ISO APDU Select is used when it's necessary to select an
   application, able to process one or more EAP authentication scenari.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   | Select | 00  |  A4 | 04 | 00 | xx | 00 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   Lc is the AID length.

   According to ISO 7816-7 AID is made of two parts

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   -RID, a mandatory 5 bytes field that identifies a company or a
   standardization body.
   -PIX, up to 11 bytes, which identifies an application.

9.5 Add-Identity

   This command adds an identification label as described in the
   section: Identification Label Coding Rules. The smartcard list is
   managed by the smartcard. The identification label is appended as
   the last element of the list.

   Identity coding guidelines are not yet specified.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  17 | 00 | 81 | xx | 00 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

9.6 Delete-Identity

   This command deletes the identification label as described in the
   section: Identification Label Coding Rules. The command parameter
   gives the identification label to be deleted.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  17 | 00 | 82 | xx | 00 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

9.7 Get-Preferred-Identity

   This command returns the user's preferred identification label

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  17 | 00 | 02 | 00 | XX |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

9.8 Get-Current-Identity

   This command returns user's current identification label.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  18 | 00 | AA | 00 | XX |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+


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   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is not supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall be set to '00'.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall indicate the short identifier associated with the selected EAP
   identity to which the command is targeted. These short identifiers
   are coded as described in the Set-Identity command.

9.9 Get-Next-Identity

   This command returns a user's identification label.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  17 | 00 | 01 | 00 | XX |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

9.10 Get-Profile-Data

   The command returns the related subscriber profile information
   according to the application requirements and format. Profile coding
   rules are defined in annex 4.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  1A | 00 | AA | 00 | YY |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is not supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall be set to '00'.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall indicate the short identifier associated with the selected EAP
   identity to which the command is targeted. These short identifiers
   are coded as described

9.11 Set-Identity

   The command resets and initializes the state machine for processing
   the EAP Packets. The first step after this command is an EAP request
   identity packet. If a different EAP packet is sent to the smartcard
   the smartcard returns an EAP NAK response.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  16 | 00 | 80 | XX | 00 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+


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9.12 Set-Multiple-Identity

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  16 | 00 | 83 | XX | 00 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   The command resets and initializes the state machine for processing
   the EAP Packets. The first step after this command is an EAP request
   identity packet. If a different EAP packet is sent to the smartcard
   the device returns an EAP NAK response.

   When "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, then the first
   status byte is '90' and the second one indicates the short
   identifier (coded in one byte) to be associated with the selected
   identity.

9.13 Process-EAP

  9.13.1 Standard format

   The command is the method for EAP packet management. The smartcard
   identifies the EAP packet type and processes the EAP authentication
   according to current state machine.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  | 80  | 00 | AA | XX | YY |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   Lc indicates the ingoing EAP message length.
   Le indicates the outgoing EAP message length plus an optional OOB
   data size

   The EAP request or response packets lengths are represented by the
   unknown value XX and YY. The Smartcard Interface Entity software
   should set these elements in accordance with the EAP packet types.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is not supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall be set to '00'.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall indicate the short identifier associated with the selected EAP
   identity to which the command is targeted. These short identifiers
   are coded as described in the Set-Identity command.

   Most EAP request packets will produce an EAP response packet from
   the smartcard. If no response is to be produced (e.g. packet


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   silently discarded because invalid sequence) the smartcard shall
   inform the client software with an alert status word ('7000').

   When the size of a returned EAP message is greater than the value
   indicated by the EAP length field, additional data should be
   interpreted as OOB messages.

   Success and failure packets do not imply any response. A success
   Status Word ('9000') shall be produced by the smartcard, when a
   "Success EAP packet" is processed.

   An alert status word ('7000') MAY be sent from the smartcard once a
   "Failure EAP packet" is received.

   EAP Identity packets are independent of the authentication type;
   this section of the document provides the packet details. The rest
   of the EAP packet being authentication protocol dependent, they are
   detailed in the informative annex of this document.

   The description of the EAP/Request/Identity is detailed according to
   the IETF RFC 3748 [1].

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |    Request    |  Identifier   |          Length = 5           |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |   Type = 01   |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   The description of the EAP/Response/identity is detailed according
   to the IETF RFC 3748.

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |    Response   |  Identifier   |            Length             |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |   Type = 01   |                                               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+                                               |
   |                        User's Identity                        |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

  9.13.2 ETSI format

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  | 88  | 00 | vv | XX | YY |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+


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   The ETSI standard [TS 102 310] defines a framework for EAP support
   in SIM cards. EAP packets are pushed in smart cards thanks to the
   EAP Authenticate command.

   For compatibility reasons, this command MAY be supported according
   to the following rules :

   - The Class byte is set to 0xA0
   - The INS byte is set to 0x88
   - The P1 byte is set to a NULL value
   - The P2 byte is not interpreted
   - The P3 byte is the segment length

   The [TS 102 310] standard works with implicit segmentation
   mechanisms. When an EAP request is greater than the maximum ISO 7816
   size (255 bytes) it is fragmented in several segments whose size is
   less than 255. The first segment includes the packet length;
   therefore the transfer process is completed when the total length of
   exchanged data reaches this value.

   Here is a brief example.

   First Segment, A0 88 00 00 FF [segment 1]
   Other Segment, A0 88 00 00 FF [segment k]
   Last Segment,  A0 88 00 00 xx [segment n]

   EAP-Length = P3-1 + P3-k +P3-n

9.14 Process-EAP-OOB

   This command has the same effects than Process-EAP, excepted that
   OOB data are concatenated to the incoming EAP message.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  | 80  | 00 | AA | XX | YY |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   Lc indicates the ingoing EAP message length plus the OOB data size.
   Le indicates the outgoing EAP message length plus an optional OOB
   data size

   The EAP request or response packets lengths are represented by the
   unknown value XX and YY. The Smartcard Interface Entity software
   should set these elements in accordance with the EAP packet types.

9.15 Get-Session-Key




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   Once the state machine has received the EAP Success packet the
   Smartcard Interface is able to send the Master Session Key used by
   the 802.1X or the 802.11i specification for the crypto-suite.


   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  | A6  | 00 | AA | 00 | 40 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is not supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall be set to '00'.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall indicate the short identifier associated with the selected EAP
   identity to which the command is targeted. These short identifiers
   are coded as described in Set-Identity Command.

9.16 Get-Current-Version

   This command returns the EAP protocol version.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  18 | xx | yy | 00 | 02 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   P1=00, EAP engine version.
   P1=01, selected method version.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is not supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall be set to '00'.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall indicate the short identifier associated with the selected EAP
   identity to which the command is targeted. These short identifiers
   are coded as described in Set-Identity Command.


9.17 Get-State

   This command returns the current smartcard state.


   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  19 | 00 | AA | 00 | 01 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

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   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is not supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall be set to '00'.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall indicate the short identifier associated with the selected EAP
   identity to which the command is targeted. These short identifiers
   are coded as described in Set-Identity Command.

   Returned values:
   01 IDENTITY-NOT-SET, EAP messages silently discarded.
   02 AUTHENTICATING, Authentication in progress.
   03 AUTHENTICATED, waiting for an EAP/Request
   04 NOT-AUTHENTICATED, waiting for an EAP/Request

9.18 Reset-State

   This command forces the EAP smartcard to the AUTHENTICATING state
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  19 | 10 | AA | 00 | 01 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is not supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall be set to '00'.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall indicate the short identifier associated with the selected EAP
   identity to which the command is targeted. These short identifiers
   are coded as described in Set-Identity Command.

   Returned values:
   01 IDENTITY-NOT-SET, EAP messages are silently discarded.
   04 NOT-AUTHENTICATED, waiting for an EAP/Request

9.19 Get-Exported-Parameter

   This command read an exported parameter, identified by its index
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  86 | 00 | AA | 01 | yy |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is not supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall be set to '00'.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall indicate the short identifier associated with the selected EAP


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   identity to which the command is targeted. These short identifiers
   are coded as described in Set-Identity Command.

   Returned value: The value of the requested parameter.

9.20 Get-AMSK

   This command reads an AMSK key, identified by its index. An optional
   label may be provided for this AMSK calculation.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  |  88 | 00 | AA | xx | yy |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is not supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall be set to '00'.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall indicate the short identifier associated with the selected EAP
   identity to which the command is targeted. These short identifiers
   are coded as described in Set-Identity Command.

   The less significant bit of P1 is used as a "More" indicator, as
   previously defined in 10.2. Other bits of P1 (b7...b1) represent the
   left shifted value of an AMSK index (a value ranging between 0 and
   127).

   Lc gives the length (in bytes) of optional data.

   Returned value: the value of the requested parameter. If no AMSK is
   available, the Le field is null.

9.21 Method Functions.

   These facilities are available for test purposes only. They SHOULD
   NOT be available in operational environments.

   +------------+-----+----------+----+----+----+----+
   |   Command  |Class|    INS   | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +------------+-----+----------+----+----+----+----+
   | Method-FCT | A0  | 60 or 82 | zz | AA | xx | yy |
   +------------+-----+----------+----+----+----+----+

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is not supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall be set to '00'.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall indicate the short identifier associated with the selected EAP


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   identity to which the command is targeted. These short identifiers
   are coded as described in Set-Identity Command.

   xx is the length of the input value.
   yy is the length of the returned value.

   P1 identifies a particular function, and is organized according to
   the following scheme:

   b7b6     00-Do.Final, 01-Initialize  10-More 11-Reserved
   b5b4     Function index
   b3b2b1   Function type
    0 X509      Certificate reading
    1 Random    Number Generator
    2 Private   key encryption
    3 Private   key decryption
    4 Public    key encryption
    5 Public    key decryption
    6 Symmetric key encryption
    7 Symmetric key decryption
   b0 reserved (More bit)

9.22 IEEE 802.16 Services

   Each EAP method MAY be associated to IEEE 802.16 services.

   +------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |   Command  |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   | Method-FCT | A0  | 84  | zz | AA | xx | yy |
   +------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is not supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall be set to '00'.

   If "multiple EAP Identity selection" is supported, P2 (AA value)
   shall indicate the short identifier associated with the selected EAP
   identity to which the command is targeted. These short identifiers
   are coded as described in Set-Identity Command.

   xx is the length of the input value.
   yy is the length of the returned value.

   P1 identifies a particular function, and is organized according to
   the following scheme:

   b7b6     00-Do.Final, 01-Initialize, 10-More, 11-Reserved
   b5b4     RFU (always 00)
   b3b2b1   Function type
    0 X509 Certificate reading
    3 Private key decryption

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   b0 reserved (More bit)

9.23 Commands summary.

    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |         Command        |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |       Process-EAP      | A0  |80-88| 00 | ii | xx | yy |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |    Process-EAP-OOB     | A0  |  80 | 00 | ii | xx | yy |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |        Method-FCT      | A0  |60-82| zz | ii | xx | yy |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |  IEEE-802.16-Services  | A0  |  84 | zz | ii | xx | yy |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    | Get-Exported-Parameter | A0  |  86 | 00 | ii | 01 | yy |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |        Get-AMSK        | A0  |  88 | zz | ii | xx | yy |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |        Get-State       | A0  |  19 | 00 | ii | 00 | 01 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |       Reset-State      | A0  |  19 | 10 | ii | 00 | 01 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |     Get-Session-Key    | A0  |  A6 | 00 | ii | 00 | xx |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |    Get-Profile-Data    | A0  |  1A | 00 | ii | 00 | yy |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |  Get-Current-Identity  | A0  |  18 | 00 | ii | 00 | yy |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |    Get-Next-Identity   | A0  |  17 | 00 | 01 | 00 | yy |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    | Get-Preferred-Identity | A0  |  17 | 00 | 02 | 00 | yy |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |      Set-Identity      | A0  |  16 | 00 | 80 | xx | 00 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    | Set-Multiple-Identity  | A0  |  16 | 00 | 83 | xx | 00 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |       Add-Identity     | A0  |  17 | 00 | 81 | xx | 00 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |     Delete-Identity    | A0  |  17 | 00 | 82 | xx | 00 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |   Get-Current-Version  | A0  |  18 | xx | yy | 00 | 02 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |       Verify-PIN       | A0  |20-2A| 00 | 00 | 08 | 00 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |       Change-PIN       | A0  |  24 | 00 | 00 | 10 | 00 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |       Enable-PIN       | A0  |  26 | 00 | 00 | 08 | 00 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |       Disable-PIN      | A0  |  28 | 00 | 00 | 08 | 00 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

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    |       Unblock-PIN      | A0  |  2C | 00 | 00 | 10 | 00 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |       Select-AID       | A0  |  A4 | 04 | 00 | xx | 00 |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |      Get-Response      | A0  |  C0 | 00 | 00 | 00 | xx |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
    |          FETCH         | A0  |  12 | 00 | 00 | 00 | xx |
    +------------------------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+


10 Security Considerations
   Smart cards are a highly effective means of enforcing security
   policies. They are typically carried by one party (the end user,
   such as an employee or customer) but are controlled by another party
   (the issuer, such as an enterprise or service provider).
   Applications running on the Smart Card are controlled by the issuer,
   and serve to protect the interests of the issuer.

10.1 Security Claims

   Security claims expressed in this section are imported from [EAP-SC]

   Integrity Protection:  no
   Replay Protection:     no
   Confidentiality:       yes (section 10.9.2)
   Key Derivation:        yes (section 10.9.3)
   Key Strength:          no
   Dictionary Attacks:    yes (section 10.9.5)
   Fast Reconnect:        no
   Cryptographic Binding: yes (section 10.9.6)
   Session Independence:  no
   Fragmentation:         no
   Channel Binding:       yes (section 10.9.7)

10.2 Smart Card Technology
   The Smart Card consists of a microprocessor and non-volatile memory
   chipset enclosed in a physically tamper resistant module. This
   module is then embedded in a plastic card, or the module may be
   integrated into an alternative form factor, such as a USB device.

10.3 Tamper Resistant Storage and Execution
   Smart cards provide protective measures against physical and logical
   attacks against the processor and non-volatile memory. This enables
   the secure storage of end user cryptographic keys and user
   credentials, and secures execution of security sensitive operations
   such as encryption and digital signatures.

   The EAP-SC Authentication Method MUST store all secret cryptographic
   keys on the smart card in non-volatile memory. The EAP-SC
   Authentication Method MUST execute in the smart card all
   cryptographic functions that use stored secret cryptographic keys.

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   The EAP-SC Authentication Method MUST NOT export any secret
   cryptographic keys from the smart card.

10.4 Multi Factor Authentication
   Smart cards generally require a Smart Card handler to authenticate
   to the Smart Card in order to access data or application
   functionality. This makes it possible to enforce multi factor user
   authentication by combining something the user has (the smart card)
   with something the user knows (such as PIN) or is (Biometric
   authentication).

   The EAP Authentication Method MUST enforce the use of the user PIN
   or Biometric before user credentials may be accessed or used.

10.5 Random Number Generation
   Smart Cards generally contain a hardware based true random number
   generator independent of external or internal clocks and immune to
   outside interferences. The quality of the hardware generator is
   further enhanced by logical processing to ensure excellent
   statistical properties; and these properties are checked regularly
   on-board.

   The EAP Authentication Method MUST use the Smart Card Random Number
   Generator anywhere Random Numbers are required.

10.6 Cryptographic Capabilities
   Smart cards provide certified, built-in implementation and optimized
   execution of common cryptographic algorithms such as AES, DES, RSA,
   and ECC...

   The EAP Authentication Method MUST use the built-in Smart Card
   cryptographic capabilities for the execution of any cryptographic
   functionality.

10.7 Secure Provisioning
   Smart cards provide a secure method of provisioning credentials,
   applications and trusted network information from the issuer or
   service provider to the end user, and managing this information
   after the card has been issued. Smart cards support automated
   personalization (including card initialization, loading of card data
   and printing) enabling issuance in very large numbers.

   The EAP-SC Authentication method MUST implement support for pre-
   issuance personalization, as for example by supporting [GLOBAL
   PLATFORM] or similar functionality. The EAP-SC Authentication method
   SHOULD implement support for post-issuance card and application
   management.

10.8 Certification
   The processes for designing and manufacturing smart cards are
   subject to rigorous security controls. This makes possible the

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   certification of Smart Card functionality and applications by
   standardization organizations.

   The EAP-SC Authentication method MUST be implemented on a Smart Card
   platform that has been evaluated for security by a standards
   organization program such as [FIPS] or [COMMON CRITERIA].

10.9 Smart Cards and EAP Security Claims

   EAP-SC enhances the security of Authentication Methods by enabling
   the enforcement of security policies on the End User platform. The
   overall security of EAP-SC is dependent on the security of the
   Authentication Method implemented on the Smart Card.

   The following section discusses certain EAP Security Claims and how
   they are enhanced by Smart Card security features.

  10.9.1 Mutual Authentication

   Mutual authentication processes are generally based upon the use of
   random numbers. Smart Cards enhance the security of these processes
   by providing true random number generation.

  10.9.2 Confidentiality

   Smart Cards improve the robustness of EAP messages encryption, by
   providing tamper resistant storage for the encryption keys and
   secure execution of the encryption algorithms.
  10.9.3 Key Derivation

   Smart Cards improve the confidentiality of the key derivation
   process by providing tamper resistant storage for the master keys
   and secure execution of the key derivation algorithms.

  10.9.4 Man-in-the-Middle Attacks

   Smart Cards improve security against Trojan Horse attacks by
   providing a logically tamper resistant environment for the full
   implementation of EAP methods and secure execution of the encryption
   algorithms.

  10.9.5 Dictionary Attacks

   Smart Cards access is commonly protected via pin codes with a
   limited number of retries; permanent blocking of the device is
   enforced when the number of retries is exceeded. This mechanism
   provides enhanced protection against dictionary attacks aiming at
   discovering passwords.

  10.9.6 Cryptographic Binding


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   Smart Cards provide tamper resistant storage for cryptographic keys
   and secure execution of the tunnel creation algorithms thus
   enhancing the cryptographic binding process.

  10.9.7 Channel Binding

   Smart Cards can be used as a secure out of band distribution method
   for channel parameters and therefore enhance the channel binding
   process.

  10.9.8 Protection Against Rogue Networks

   Smart Cards facilitate the provisioning and secure storage of
   information about trusted parties, such as the root certificates of
   trusted networks. This protects the end user against rogue networks
   and enables the enforcement of network roaming policies.

  10.9.9 Authentication Method Security

   The overall security of EAP-SC is dependent on the encapsulated EAP-
   SC Authentication Method. Weaknesses in the underlying method, such
   as weaknesses in integrity protection, replay protection or key
   strength, are detrimental to the overall security.

11 Intellectual Property Right Notice

   To be specify according to the Author and Participants.

























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12 Annex 1, EAP-SIM packet details.

   The protocol implementation is out of the scope of this document but
   as a reference implementation this section gives details using the
   SIM as specified by [EAP-SIM]. This section of the document gives
   the APDU coding .

12.1 Full Authentication
   The following traces illustrate a full EAP-SIM authentication
   scenario, as described in annex A (tests vector) of EAP-SIM [EAP-
   SIM] specification

   // select TEAPM
   Tx: 00A40400 10 A0 00 00 00 30 00 02 FF FF FF FF 89 31 32 38 00
   Rx: 90 00

   // Verify User PIN
   Tx: A0 20 00 00 04 30 30 30 30
   Rx: 90 00

   // Set-Identity ('sim') type=EAP-SIM
   Tx: A0 16 00 80 03 73 69 6D
   Rx: 90 00

   // Identity request
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 05 01A4 0005 01
   Rx: 61 16

   Tx: A0 C0 00 00 16
   // Identity.response: anonymous@dot.com
   Rx: 02 A4 00 16 01 61 6E 6F 6E 79 6D 6F 75 73 40 64
       6F 74 2E 63 6F 6D
       90 00

   // SIM-START.request  AT-VERSION AT-PERMANENT
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 14 01A6 0014 120a0000 0f02000200010000 0A010000
   Rx: 61 40

   Tx: A0C0 0000 40
   // SIM-START.response AT-IDENTITY AT-SELECTED-VERSION AT-NOUNCE
   Rx: 02 A6 00 40 0C 0A 00 00 0E 08 00 1B 31 32 34 34
       30 37 30 31 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 31 40 65 61 70
       73 69 6D 2E 66 6F 6F 00 07 05 00 00 01 02 03 04
       05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 10 01 00 01

   // EAP-Request/SIM/Challenge - first fragment

   Tx: A0 80 01 00 C8 01 02 01 18 12 0b 00 00 01 0d 00
       00 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1a 1b 1c 1d 1e
       1f 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2a 2b 2c 2d 2e
       2f 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3a 3b 3c 3d 3e

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       3f 81 05 00 00 9e 18 b0 c2 9a 65 22 63 c0 6e fb
       54 dd 00 a8 95 82 2d 00 00 55 f2 93 9b bd b1 b1
       9e a1 b4 7f c0 b3 e0 be 4c ab 2c f7 37 2d 98 e3
       02 3c 6b b9 24 15 72 3d 58 ba d6 6c e0 84 e1 01
       b6 0f 53 58 35 4b d4 21 82 78 ae a7 bf 2c ba ce
       33 10 6a ed dc 62 5b 0c 1d 5a a6 7a 41 73 9a e5
       b5 79 50 97 3f c7 ff 83 01 07 3c 6f 95 31 50 fc
       30 3e a1 52 d1 e1 0a 2d 1f 4f 52 26 da a1 ee 90
       05 47 22 52 bd b3 b7 1d 6f 0c 3a 34 90
   Rx: 90 00

   // EAP-Request/SIM/Challenge - second and last fragment

   Tx: A0 80 00 00 50 31 6c 46 92 98 71 bd 45 cd fd bc
       a6 11 2f 07 f8 be 71 79 90 d2 5f 6d d7 f2 b7 b3
       20 bf 4d 5a 99 2e 88 03 31 d7 29 94 5a ec 75 ae
       5d 43 c8 ed a5 fe 62 33 fc ac 49 4e e6 7a 0d 50
       4d 0b 05 00 00 fe f3 24 ac 39 62 b5 9f 3b d7 82
       53 ae 4d cb 6A
   Rx: 61 1C
   Tx: 0C0 0000 1C

   // EAP-Response/SIM/Challenge
   Rx: 02 02 00 1C 12 0B 00 00 0B 05 00 00 F5 6D 64 33
       E6 8E D2 97 6A C1 19 37 FC 3D 11 54
       90 00

   // EAP Success
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 04 03 02 00 04
   Rx: 90 00

   // Reading MSK and EMSK keys.
   Tx: A0 A6 00 00 80
   Rx: 39 d4 5a ea f4 e3 06 01 98 3e 97 2b 6c fd 46 d1
       c3 63 77 33 65 69 0d 09 cd 44 97 6b 52 5f 47 d3
       a6 0a 98 5e 95 5c 53 b0 90 b2 e4 b7 37 19 19 6a
       40 25 42 96 8f d1 4a 88 8f 46 b9 a7 88 6e 44 88
       59 49 ea b0 ff f6 9d 52 31 5c 6c 63 4f d1 4a 7f
       0d 52 02 3d 56 f7 96 98 fa 65 96 ab ee d4 f9 3f
       bb 48 eb 53 4d 98 54 14 ce ed 0d 9a 8e d3 3c 38
       7c 9d fd ab 92 ff bd f2 40 fc ec f6 5a 2c 93 b9
       9000

12.2 Re-Authentication
   The following traces illustrate a EAP-SIM Re-Authentication
   scenario, as described in annex A (tests vector) of EAP-SIM [EAP-
   SIM] specification

   //Identity request
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 14 01 A5 00 05 01
   RX: 61 56

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   // PSEUDONYM

   Tx: A0 C0 00 56
   Rx: 02 00 00 56 01 59 32 34 66 4e 53 72 7a 38 42 50
       32 37 34 6a 4f 4a 61 46 31 37 57 66 78 49 38 59
       4f 37 51 58 30 30 70 4d 58 6b 39 58 4d 4d 56 4f
       77 37 62 72 6f 61 4e 68 54 63 7a 75 46 71 35 33
       61 45 70 4f 6b 6b 33 4c 30 64 6d 40 65 61 70 73
       69 6d 2e 66 6f
       90 00

   // SIM-START.request  AT-VERSION AT-ANY-ID-REQ
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 14 01A6 0014 120a0000 0f02000200010000 0D01 0000
   Rx: 61 60
   Tx: A0 C0 00 00 60
   Rx: 02 A6 00 60 12 0A 00 00 0E 16 00 51 59 32 34 66
       4E 53 72 7A 38 42 50 32 37 34 6A 4F 4A 61 46 31
       37 57 66 78 49 38 59 4F 37 51 58 30 30 70 4D 58
       6B 39 58 4D 4D 56 4F 77 37 62 72 6F 61 4E 68 54
       63 7A 75 46 71 35 33 61 45 70 4F 6B 6B 33 4C 30
       64 6D 40 65 61 70 73 69 6D 2E 66 6F 6F 00 00 00
       90 00

   // EAP-Request/SIM/Re-authentication
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 A4 01 01 00 a4 12 0d 00 00 81 05 00
       00 d5 85 ac 77 86 b9 03 36 65 7c 77 b4 65 75 b9
       c4 82 1d 00 00 68 62 91 a9 d2 ab c5 8c aa 32 94
       b6 e8 5b 44 84 6c 44 e5 dc b2 de 8b 9e 80 d6 9d
       49 85 8A 5d b8 4c dc 1c 9b c9 5c 01 b9 6b 6e ca
       31 34 74 ae a6 d3 14 16 e1 9d aa 9d f7 0f 05 00
       88 41 ca 80 14 96 4d 3b 30 a4 9b cf 43 e4 d3 f1
       8e 86 29 5a 4a 2b 38 d9 6c 97 05 c2 bb b0 5c 4A
       ac e9 7d 5e af f5 64 04 6c 8b d3 0b c3 9b e5 e1
       7a ce 2b 10 a6 0b 05 00 00 48 3a 17 99 b8 3d 7c
       d3 d0 a1 e4 01 d9 ee 47 70
   Rx: 61 44

   Tx: A0 C0 00 00 44

   // EAP-Response/SIM/Re-authentication
   Rx: 02 01 00 44 12 0D 00 00 81 05 00 00 CD F7 FF A6
       5D E0 4C 02 6B 56 C8 6B 76 B1 02 EA 82 05 00 00
       B6 ED D3 82 79 E2 A1 42 3C 1A FC 5C 45 5C 7D 56
       0B 05 00 00 FA F7 6B 71 FB E2 D2 55 B9 6A 35 66
       C9 15 C6 17
       90 00

   // EAP Success
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 04 03 01 00 04
   Rx: 90 00

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   // Get MSK
   Tx: A0 A6 00 00 40
   RX: 6263f614 973895e1 335f7e30 cff028ee
       2176f519 002c9abe 732fe0ef 00cf167c
       756d9e4c ed6d5ed6 40eb3fe3 8565ca07
       6e7fb8a8 17cfe8d9 adbce441 d47c4f5e
       90 00


13 Annex 2, EAP-MD5 packet details

   The first EAP packet is the EAP Request Identity. This initial
   packet format complies with the RFC 3748. The smartcard returns an
   EAP response identity according to the NAI length.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  | 80  | 00 | 00 | 05 | YY |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

   The description of the EAP/Request/identity is detailed according to
   the [RFC 3748].

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |   Request     |  Identifier   |            Length = 5         |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |  Type = 01    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   The description of the EAP/Response/identity is detailed according
   to [RFC 3748].




    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |   Response    |  Identifier   |            Length             |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |   Type = 01   |                                               |
   |-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+             Identity Value                    |
   |                                                               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   The second EAP Packet is the EAP/request/MD5/challenge as
   represented in [RFC 3748].

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   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  | 80  | 00 | 00 | XX | 16 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   The description of the EAP/Request/MD5/challenge is detailed
   according to [RFC 3748].
    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |    Request    |  Identifier   |           Length              |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |   Type = 04   |                                               |
   |-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+           MD5-Challenge.Value                 |
   |                                                               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   The description of the EAP/Response/MD5/challenge is detailed
   according to [RFC 37481].

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |    Response   |  Identifier   |        Length = 16            |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |   Type = 04   |  Type_Size=10 |                               |
   |-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+---------------+     MD5 Digest Value          |
   |                                                               |
   |                                                               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   The third EAP Packet is the EAP success notification as represented
   in the IETF RFC 3748 [1].
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  | 80  | 00 | 00 | 04 | 00 |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+-- -+----+

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |    Success    |  Identifier   |          Length = 04          |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Further information can be retrieved from [RFC 3748].






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14 Annex 3 - TLS support.

   EAP-TLS smartcards securely store at least the following items
   - Client X509 certificate
   - Client Private RSA Key
   - Certification Authority Public Key

   According to the smartcard computing capacities, two modes are
   defined in this draft (see details in annex 6)

   - Mode 1: smartcard supports five functions :
       - Public Key Encryption, with the server public key
       - Private Key Encryption, with the client private key
       - Public Key decryption, with the Certification Authority (CA)
         public key
       - Reading of the client's certificate
       - Random Number Generator

   - Mode 2: smartcard fully processes the EAP-TLS protocol

14.1 Unix Time issue.

   As mentioned in [RFC 5216] TLS RFC the client hello message includes
   a 32 byte random number, whose first 4 bytes are interpreted as the
   Unix Time. As smartcard is not able to maintain a clock, this
   parameter MUST be added to the EAP-TLS Start message by the
   Smartcard Interface.

   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |Command |Class| INS | P1 | P2 | Lc | Le |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+
   |        | A0  | 80  | 00 | 00 | 0A | YY |
   +--------+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Code=01   |  Identifier   |      Length  = 6              |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |   Type = 13   |     Flag=20   |          Unix Time            |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |             Unix Time         |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

14.2 Fragment Maximum Size.

   A single TLS record may be up to 16384 octets in length, but a TLS
   message may span multiple TLS records, and a TLS certificate message
   may in principle be as long as 16MB. The group of EAP-TLS messages
   sent in a single round may thus be larger than the maximum RADIUS
   packet size of 4096 octets, or the maximum 802 LAN frame size.

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   The chaining and extended length mechanisms identified in this
   document provide enough extension to manage incoming and outgoing
   EAP-TLS packets. Then, authenticator shall not necessary follow a
   specific fragment policy regarding whether EAP-TLS is provided by
   the smartcard or not.

   However, in order to prevent multiple segmentation and re-assembly
   operations, the maximum EAP message length of no fragmented packets
   issued by smartcard SHALL be set to an adapted value.

   As defined in EAP-TLS, when the smartcard receives an EAP-Request
   packet with the M bit set, it MUST respond with an EAP-Response with
   EAP-Type=EAP-TLS and no data.  This serves as a fragment ACK.

14.3 EAP/TLS messages format.

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Code      |  Identifier   |      Length  <= 240           |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |   Type = 13   |     Flag      |        TLS Message Length     |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |       TLS Message Length      |          TLS DATA             |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+                               |
   |                                                               |
   |                                                               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Flags
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |L M S R R R R R|
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   L = Length included.
   M = More fragments
   S = EAP-TLS start, set in an EAP-TLS Start message.
   R = Reserved



14.4 Example of EAP/TLS Authentication

      Smartcard           Authentication Server
                              <- EAP-Request/
                                 Identity
   EAP-Response/
   Identity (MyID) ->
                              <- EAP-Request/
                              EAP-Type=EAP-TLS

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                              (TLS Start)
   EAP-Response/
   EAP-Type=EAP-TLS
   TLS client_hello)->
                              <- EAP-Request/
                                 EAP-Type=EAP-TLS
                                (TLS server_hello,
                                 TLS certificate,
                                 TLS certificate_request,
                                 TLS server_hello_done)
                                 (Fragment 1: L, M bits set)
   EAP-Response/
   EAP-Type=EAP-TLS ->
                              <- PPP EAP-Request/
                                 EAP-Type=EAP-TLS
                                (Fragment 2)

   EAP-Type=EAP-TLS
   (TLS certificate,
    TLS client_key_exchange,
    TLS certificate_verify,
    TLS change_cipher_spec,
    TLS finished) ->
                              <- EAP-Request/
                                 EAP-Type=EAP-TLS
                                (TLS change_cipher_spec,
                                 TLS finished)
   EAP-Response/
   EAP-Type=EAP-TLS ->
                              <- EAP-Success

15 Annex 4 ASN.1 BER Tag coding for the subscriber profile information

   The subscriber profile is a collection of data associated to every
   identity. It can be used be the operating system of a wireless
   terminal in order to get information about user credentials.

   Various information (photos...) MAY be also available.



15.1 ASN.1 Subscriber Profile Encoding

  15.1.1 EapID

   EapID ::= OCTET STRING

   The EAP-ID associated to the current identity.

  15.1.2 EapType


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   EapType ::= INTEGER

   The EAP type associated to the current identity.

  15.1.3 Version

   Version ::= INTEGER

   The protocol version associated to an EAP type.

  15.1.4 User Credential

   UserCredential ::= SEQUENCE OF CredentialObject

   CredentialObject ::= SEQUENCE {
   ObjectValue SubscriberInformation
   }

   SubscriberInformation ::= CHOICE {

   SSIDList [0] IMPLICIT SEQUENCE OF {
   SSIDName OCTET STRING
   },

   SubscriberCertificate [1] IMPLICIT SEQUENCE OF {
   Certificate X509Certificate
   },

   RootCertificate [2] IMPLICIT SEQUENCE OF {
   Certificate X509Certificate
   }

   UserData [3] IMPLICIT SEQUENCE OF {
   { SubscriberFile UserFile
   }

   UserFile SEQUENCE OF {
   Name  OCTET STRING,
   Value BIT STRING Value
   }

   X509Certificate an ASN.1 definition, as described in [PKCS#6].
  15.1.5 UserProfile

   UserProfile ::= SEQUENCE {
   ThisEapID   EapID,
   ThisEapType EapType,
   ThisVersion Version,
   ThisCredential UserCredential
   }


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  15.1.6 UserProfile encoding example

   30 82 xx yy
    04 05 31 32 33 34 35          EapID   = 1235
    02 01 0D                      EapType = EAP-TLS
    02 01 01                      Version = 1
    30 xx
     A0 0E
      04 05 61 62 63 64 65       SSID = abcde
      04 05 66 67 68 69 6A       SSID = fghij
     A1 82 xx yy
      First  X509Certificate
      Second X509Certificate
     A2 82 xx yy
      First  Root X509Certificate
      Second Root X509Certificate
     A3 82 xx yy
      30 82 zz tt
       04 05 61 62 63 64 65  // Name = abcde
       03 82 zz tt
        File content































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16 Annex 5 APDUs exchange example

   This annex shows ISO 7816 (T=0) TPDUs exchanged between the
   smartcard and the authentication agent

   // Select EAP application (AID= 11 22 33 44 55 66 01)
   Select.request:  00 A4 04 00 07 11 22 33 44 55 66 01
   Select.response: 90 00

   // Get current identity
   Get-Current-Identity.request:       A0 18 00 00 00
   Get-Current-Identity.response       98 04
   // !Pin code is requested

   // PIN code verification      (0000)
   Verify.request:             A0 20 00 00 08 30 30 30 30 FF FF FF FF
   Verify.response:            90 00

   // Try again
   Get-Current-Identity.request:       A0 18 00 00 00
   Get-Current-Identity.response:      6C 04
   Get-Current-Identity.request        A0 18 00 00 04
   Get-Current-Identity.response:      61 62 63 64 90 00


   // Get-Next-Identity()
   Get-Next-Identity.request:  A0 17 00 01 00
   Get-Next-Identity.response: 6C 04
   Get-Next-Identity.request:  A0 17 00 01 04
   Get-Next-Identity.response: 61 62 63 64 90 00

   // Set-Identity()
   Set-Identity.request:  A0 16 00 80 04 61 62 63 64
   Set-Identity.response: 90 00

   // Process EAP-Packets()
   EAP-Packet.request:   A0 80 00 00 05 01 A5 00 05 01
   EAP-Packet.response:  61 09
   GetResponse.request:  A0 C0 00 00 09
   GetResponse.response: 02 A5 00 09 01 61 62 63 64 90 00
   EAP-Packet.request    A0 80 00 00 08 01 A6 00 08 04 02 12 34
   EAP-Packet.response:  61 16
   GetResponse.request:  A0 C0 00 00 16
   GetResponse.response: 02 A6 00 16 04 10 CF A5 2D CD 63 5F 5C 6D
                         55 B8 09 FD B7 BB EC 3C 90 00







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17 Annex 6, EAP-TLS ISO7816 APDUs Trace (T=0 Protocol)

17.1 EAP-TLS session parameters

  17.1.1 CA Public Key (2048 bits)

   modulus:
       00:a5:62:a0:41:52:9a:ec:8e:27:24:a1:0c:a2:45:
       68:e3:ed:bd:3d:64:9a:7c:c2:74:5a:e2:60:fa:ac:
       6d:0f:dd:4c:45:ce:9d:b9:74:4e:35:fd:74:cd:13:
       63:dd:dc:ce:19:25:b9:d7:06:31:13:d7:ea:1e:54:
       1a:07:36:eb:97:2f:88:19:58:c5:76:ec:f9:b3:71:
       66:fa:3a:4e:94:f9:04:98:ff:b0:7f:b0:dc:af:c3:
       c8:a6:35:3d:ab:d4:67:07:ff:c6:e8:f0:03:a5:f1:
       5b:00:c8:8f:36:a1:f3:88:e8:23:f1:04:c6:d4:26:
       af:37:ad:a2:54:83:ab:13:56:83:8e:6f:b4:3a:d3:
       63:95:00:ad:ec:57:5d:95:2d:01:f5:7b:ae:6c:b6:
       43:4b:da:2b:e1:ed:f4:ab:e1:75:27:0f:2e:06:5c:
       42:30:b4:5e:06:59:58:e4:4b:b6:0e:ba:71:d6:1c:
       a0:70:ac:b1:2c:b2:fe:6b:7d:d8:42:1d:45:9d:d5:
       4a:62:06:2e:e2:dc:88:5b:8b:72:45:ac:e1:24:ea:
       08:66:30:5f:8c:e6:52:12:37:70:04:b0:37:5c:09:
       1e:3b:d4:97:0c:9b:41:3f:86:08:d7:db:19:cb:07:
       a3:b9:cb:75:49:99:dc:20:cd:f0:db:52:19:4b:15:
       f1:6d
   publicExponent: 65537 (0x10001)

  17.1.2 Server Public Key (1024 bits)
   modulus:
       00:bc:67:01:3c:b9:15:ec:12:81:e6:5a:4d:af:49:
       80:1d:db:6d:5c:f3:0c:fd:2f:f6:3f:5d:37:79:29:
       c7:39:1b:fd:76:6f:67:dd:0f:e9:e8:42:51:43:ba:
       46:ae:95:ff:76:91:9f:30:a3:9c:45:9a:22:f2:2b:
       75:66:52:97:95:c3:2f:ee:7d:cf:c9:dc:de:11:69:
       a3:46:ef:e8:25:24:62:14:df:02:2b:ad:f9:83:b9:
       3c:bb:a8:1c:44:c1:5a:11:39:70:1b:69:f9:95:4c:
       9b:d2:fd:fa:1a:e4:01:e3:bd:6f:d0:6c:f5:85:41:
       3c:28:ae:80:2b:46:70:a8:f3
   publicExponent: 65537 (0x10001)

  17.1.3 Client Private Key (1024 bits)
   modulus: // N
       00:de:7d:0e:f5:1d:17:16:c0:6f:51:b0:4c:ef:2e:
       c6:ca:f4:d8:66:01:bc:7b:21:12:37:ce:dc:61:72:
       f3:c8:ff:83:5c:2f:f5:2b:f8:f0:0f:bd:89:86:6a:
       3f:c2:8b:3b:bd:c7:98:fd:4b:1d:67:8f:85:66:12:
       74:6f:64:74:d0:31:07:46:04:ba:b1:74:70:b1:fc:
       d9:42:44:f8:97:c2:74:b9:45:5c:84:15:33:ec:4a:
       cb:41:d2:6e:7c:6d:bd:bc:cd:3e:64:ff:8f:33:63:
       fe:06:55:69:96:c6:96:fa:17:db:f8:7f:eb:5b:fe:
       00:3e:d1:8e:42:83:62:be:c3

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   publicExponent: 65537 (0x10001)
   privateExponent:
       00:9f:ad:4b:5d:d9:79:e7:a7:46:7d:6f:35:57:f7:
       cf:4e:7b:f9:0f:04:b1:fc:00:99:2d:9a:76:0a:2e:
       51:0e:71:6b:1a:6f:84:db:01:37:71:64:8b:5d:ff:
       c5:30:df:72:89:da:c5:4f:0c:68:d7:19:67:19:01:
       a7:b5:06:78:da:57:2f:2f:f6:c5:ce:75:b7:ca:9d:
       b2:f8:5a:62:27:40:b2:5c:42:f3:78:fd:42:f6:1a:
       56:44:a3:42:94:24:f6:37:53:fc:78:42:06:8a:1a:
       0b:43:cf:f8:92:60:8d:10:61:2c:ff:d3:79:ba:78:
       ed:f7:28:fb:61:dc:88:37:91
   prime1: // P
       00:fc:30:c8:10:41:80:f7:f2:1a:0c:28:2b:58:a0:
       44:3e:01:13:91:66:4f:96:27:0e:c3:0a:4f:58:b5:
       73:9a:3c:7a:fa:b9:19:8f:2b:32:8b:c8:bf:6c:77:
       b3:4d:e5:71:80:e5:74:9a:76:a5:c0:41:14:81:76:
       e0:9b:46:bd:db
   prime2: // Q
       00:e1:d9:6b:5e:41:2d:3e:b9:2a:a8:6b:6e:d0:fc:
       aa:b1:df:a7:4e:90:8d:11:54:7c:0d:ea:64:d5:f5:
       c1:d1:2b:02:77:b2:d2:6e:d8:93:56:ad:ee:ca:5a:
       c0:92:64:4b:b8:d8:f4:a2:8c:f0:18:17:64:51:0b:
       db:04:f3:3b:39
   exponent1: // DP1
       00:db:27:a9:34:37:38:54:3f:d7:d2:e8:b5:82:77:
       03:d6:be:28:bb:1a:25:df:5e:61:bd:ac:9f:f7:7e:
       f7:ce:f8:f0:06:22:04:cc:1d:c5:f7:23:a4:f6:25:
       af:73:ea:08:10:f3:55:b9:45:92:14:d8:79:71:68:
       55:17:9b:0a:31
   exponent2: // DQ1
       37:87:0e:27:d9:5c:77:6c:6d:39:85:58:74:97:7a:
       9c:4b:01:c6:86:31:b8:ce:0d:c6:1a:17:fa:a6:f6:
       a5:27:ae:ee:a1:0f:ad:e3:1f:ae:93:0a:ff:c3:7a:
       4f:43:cb:7e:42:11:3b:99:ed:39:ef:1e:61:f2:c9:
       41:99:4f:b9
   coefficient: //PQ
       5f:88:21:11:1f:0d:f0:cd:56:47:4f:1f:64:81:0e:
       d1:02:eb:39:42:01:c7:e4:4b:b6:31:65:2a:fd:51:
       11:1f:cd:3a:68:d4:e8:3c:4e:47:c1:ce:76:6b:2b:
       52:bd:76:dd:71:81:76:0f:69:9a:94:c3:41:3a:2e:
       c9:47:3c:e5

17.2 Full EAP-TLS trace (mode 2)

   // TLS-START + GMT-UNIX-TIME
   Tx: A080000000A 011400060D20 3FAA2B6A
   Rx: 6150

   Tx: A0C0000050 // Read Client Hello
   Rx: 021400500D800000004616030100410100003D03013FAA2B6A08BDD285B43D1F
       3BC9715FC9F85FC453FE58F3A9E07FF397CD65392200001600040005000A0009

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       006400620003000600130012006301009000

   // Forward Server_Hello frag#1 1396 octets, total size = 4710 octets
   // eap.request#15

   Tx: A0800100F0011505740DC00000126616030112610200004603013FAA2B9BCC3D
       6179E2D7E78460A2596342C5014289B753209CA02A31DEDB9142206124000089
       2B16D27FEBD10B93D1EFC224C322B69B994C1A8FB2B5BD4094861A0004000B00
       05A80005A50005A23082059E30820486A003020102020A613116E50000000000
       03300D06092A864886F70D0101050500305231123010060A0992268993F22C64
       01191602667231143012060A0992268993F22C6401191604656E737431153013
       060A0992268993F22C64011916056261647261310F300D060355040313066361
       77696669301E170D3033313030323135323331345A
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F0170D3035313030313135323331345A3066310B3009060355040613
       024652311630140603550408130D696C65206465206672616E6365310E300C06
       0355040713057061726973310D300B060355040A1304656E7374310F300D0603
       55040B1306696E66726573310F300D06035504031306616B6B61723130819F30
       0D06092A864886F70D010101050003818D0030818902818100BC67013CB915EC
       1281E65A4DAF49801DDB6D5CF30CFD2FF63F5D377929C7391BFD766F67DD0FE9
       E8425143BA46AE95FF76919F30A39C459A22F22B7566529795C32FEE7DCFC9DC
       DE1169A346EFE825246214DF022BADF983B93CBBA8
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F01C44C15A1139701B69F9954C9BD2FDFA1AE401E3BD6FD06CF58541
       3C28AE802B4670A8F30203010001A38202E4308202E0300B0603551D0F040403
       0205A0304406092A864886F70D01090F04373035300E06082A864886F70D0302
       02020080300E06082A864886F70D030402020080300706052B0E030207300A06
       082A864886F70D030730130603551D25040C300A06082B06010505070301301D
       0603551D0E04160414234B9E6578CB280E3D968C5B6C4EA0911C1A7F73301F06
       03551D23041830168014E56DC55020881E3900398AF99EE0789DA4230F893081
       FB0603551D1F0481F33081F03081EDA081EAA081E7
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F08681B16C6461703A2F2F2F434E3D6361776966692C434E3D616B6B
       6172312C434E3D4344502C434E3D5075626C69632532304B6579253230536572
       76696365732C434E3D53657276696365732C434E3D436F6E6669677572617469
       6F6E2C44433D62616472612C44433D656E73742C44433D66723F636572746966
       69636174655265766F636174696F6E4C6973743F626173653F6F626A65637443
       6C6173733D63524C446973747269627574696F6E506F696E748631687474703A
       2F2F616B6B6172312E62616472612E656E73742E66722F43657274456E726F6C
       6C2F6361776966692E63726C3082011306082B0601
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F0050507010104820105308201013081AA06082B0601050507300286
       819D6C6461703A2F2F2F434E3D6361776966692C434E3D4149412C434E3D5075
       626C69632532304B657925323053657276696365732C434E3D53657276696365
       732C434E3D436F6E66696775726174696F6E2C44433D62616472612C44433D65
       6E73742C44433D66723F634143657274696669636174653F626173653F6F626A
       656374436C6173733D63657274696669636174696F6E417574686F7269747930

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       5206082B060105050730028646687474703A2F2F616B6B6172312E6261647261
       2E656E73742E66722F43657274456E726F6C6C2F61
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800000C46B6B6172312E62616472612E656E73742E66725F6361776966692E
       637274302106092B060104018237140204141E12005700650062005300650072
       007600650072300D06092A864886F70D01010505000382010100946E33F7044A
       18F16E18337D8A22A230415DF07766ED94835E8A1FCBB7B16571D6EC6A9564AA
       C163383D17B223C29AB57825AE36156083249AA0A8EABED8C880D7E1EE58A301
       9D04D935EA3C6427052FDE1CCB60681691436C3580439F4C592ABA6489D43ABF
       EF9660EF60DA97FDA9
   Rx: 6106

   Tx: A0C0000006 // READ ACK#15
   Rx: 021500060D009000

   // Transfer Server Hello frag#2 1396 octets eap.request#16

   Tx: A0800100F0011605740D40E8436722315A8D1479DCA19BFFC9F6B15A538D80E1
       A0C107F079DF79DB2674DD914481C8E1B388577645C100F44F4EC3A7E077CC4B
       3AC3577FD1CD0575E651FF1BCD6C716402DD83858563EC791593018CEB0BD9DB
       12F4B2E8D19FC185787E1717265BA3E11E76E343D2DA8AD83C77188E4E96C049
       B3F3B7BCB886BB574858FE331EE4407AA893212C171B1883A3B0EA580D000C63
       0201020C5E00C43081C1310B300906035504061302555331173015060355040A
       130E566572695369676E2C20496E632E313C303A060355040B1333436C617373
       2031205075626C6963205072696D61727920436572
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F074696669636174696F6E20417574686F72697479202D204732313A
       3038060355040B1331286329203139393820566572695369676E2C20496E632E
       202D20466F7220617574686F72697A656420757365206F6E6C79311F301D0603
       55040B1316566572695369676E205472757374204E6574776F726B00C43081C1
       310B300906035504061302555331173015060355040A130E566572695369676E
       2C20496E632E313C303A060355040B1333436C6173732034205075626C696320
       5072696D6172792043657274696669636174696F6E20417574686F7269747920
       2D204732313A3038060355040B1331286329203139
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F0393820566572695369676E2C20496E632E202D20466F7220617574
       686F72697A656420757365206F6E6C79311F301D060355040B13165665726953
       69676E205472757374204E6574776F726B00D43081D1310B3009060355040613
       025A41311530130603550408130C5765737465726E2043617065311230100603
       55040713094361706520546F776E311A3018060355040A131154686177746520
       436F6E73756C74696E6731283026060355040B131F4365727469666963617469
       6F6E205365727669636573204469766973696F6E312430220603550403131B54
       686177746520506572736F6E616C20467265656D61
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F0696C204341312B302906092A864886F70D010901161C706572736F
       6E616C2D667265656D61696C407468617774652E636F6D00D23081CF310B3009
       060355040613025A41311530130603550408130C5765737465726E2043617065

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       31123010060355040713094361706520546F776E311A3018060355040A131154
       686177746520436F6E73756C74696E6731283026060355040B131F4365727469
       6669636174696F6E205365727669636573204469766973696F6E312330210603
       550403131A54686177746520506572736F6E616C205072656D69756D20434131
       2A302806092A864886F70D010901161B706572736F
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F06E616C2D7072656D69756D407468617774652E636F6D0086308183
       310B3009060355040613025553312D302B060355040A13244669727374204461
       7461204469676974616C2043657274696669636174657320496E632E31453043
       0603550403133C46697273742044617461204469676974616C20436572746966
       69636174657320496E632E2043657274696669636174696F6E20417574686F72
       69747900CE3081CB310B3009060355040613025A41311530130603550408130C
       5765737465726E204361706531123010060355040713094361706520546F776E
       311A3018060355040A131154686177746520436F6E
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800000C473756C74696E6731283026060355040B131F436572746966696361
       74696F6E205365727669636573204469766973696F6E3121301F060355040313
       1854686177746520506572736F6E616C2042617369632043413128302606092A
       864886F70D0109011619706572736F6E616C2D6261736963407468617774652E
       636F6D0061305F310B300906035504061302555331173015060355040A130E56
       6572695369676E2C20496E632E31373035060355040B132E436C617373203320
       5075626C6963205072
   Rx: 6106

   Tx: A0C0000006 // Read ACK#16
   Rx: 021600060D009000

   // Transfer Server Hello frag#3 1396 octets eap.request#17

   Tx: A0800100F0011705740D40696D6172792043657274696669636174696F6E2041
       7574686F726974790061305F310B300906035504061302555331173015060355
       040A130E566572695369676E2C20496E632E31373035060355040B132E436C61
       73732032205075626C6963205072696D6172792043657274696669636174696F
       6E20417574686F726974790061305F310B300906035504061302555331173015
       060355040A130E566572695369676E2C20496E632E31373035060355040B132E
       436C6173732031205075626C6963205072696D61727920436572746966696361
       74696F6E20417574686F7269747900C43081C1310B
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F0300906035504061302555331173015060355040A130E5665726953
       69676E2C20496E632E313C303A060355040B1333436C6173732033205075626C
       6963205072696D6172792043657274696669636174696F6E20417574686F7269
       7479202D204732313A3038060355040B13312863292031393938205665726953
       69676E2C20496E632E202D20466F7220617574686F72697A656420757365206F
       6E6C79311F301D060355040B1316566572695369676E205472757374204E6574
       776F726B009C308199310B30090603550406130248553111300F060355040713
       08427564617065737431273025060355040A131E4E
   Rx: 9000


   Urien & All       Informational        Expires August 2009 [Page 49]


                     EAP-Support in Smartcard             February 2009

   Tx: A0800100F065744C6F636B2048616C6F7A617462697A746F6E73616769204B66
       742E311A3018060355040B131154616E7573697476616E796B6961646F6B3132
       3030060355040313294E65744C6F636B20557A6C6574692028436C6173732042
       292054616E7573697476616E796B6961646F00473045310B3009060355040613
       02555331183016060355040A130F47544520436F72706F726174696F6E311C30
       1A06035504031313475445204379626572547275737420526F6F740077307531
       0B300906035504061302555331183016060355040A130F47544520436F72706F
       726174696F6E31273025060355040B131E47544520
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F04379626572547275737420536F6C7574696F6E732C20496E632E31
       2330210603550403131A475445204379626572547275737420476C6F62616C20
       526F6F7400C63081C3310B300906035504061302555331143012060355040A13
       0B456E74727573742E6E6574313B3039060355040B13327777772E656E747275
       73742E6E65742F43505320696E636F72702E206279207265662E20286C696D69
       7473206C6961622E2931253023060355040B131C286329203139393920456E74
       727573742E6E6574204C696D69746564313A303806035504031331456E747275
       73742E6E6574205365637572652053657276657220
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F043657274696669636174696F6E20417574686F7269747900B23081
       AF310B30090603550406130248553110300E0603550408130748756E67617279
       3111300F06035504071308427564617065737431273025060355040A131E4E65
       744C6F636B2048616C6F7A617462697A746F6E73616769204B66742E311A3018
       060355040B131154616E7573697476616E796B6961646F6B3136303406035504
       03132D4E65744C6F636B204B6F7A6A6567797A6F692028436C61737320412920
       54616E7573697476616E796B6961646F00C43081C1310B300906035504061302
       555331173015060355040A130E566572695369676E
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800000C42C20496E632E313C303A060355040B1333436C6173732032205075
       626C6963205072696D6172792043657274696669636174696F6E20417574686F
       72697479202D204732313A3038060355040B1331286329203139393820566572
       695369676E2C20496E632E202D20466F7220617574686F72697A656420757365
       206F6E6C79311F301D060355040B1316566572695369676E205472757374204E
       6574776F726B0070306E310B300906035504061302555331183016060355040A
       130F47544520436F72
   Rx: 6106

   Tx: A0C0000006 // Transfer ACK#17
   RX: 021700060D009000

   // Read Server Hello frag#4 550 octets  eap.request#18
   Tx: A0800100F0011802260D00706F726174696F6E31273025060355040B131E4754
       45204379626572547275737420536F6C7574696F6E732C20496E632E311C301A
       06035504031313475445204379626572547275737420526F6F74009E30819B31
       0B30090603550406130248553111300F06035504071308427564617065737431
       273025060355040A131E4E65744C6F636B2048616C6F7A617462697A746F6E73
       616769204B66742E311A3018060355040B131154616E7573697476616E796B69
       61646F6B313430320603550403132B4E65744C6F636B20457870726573737A20
       28436C6173732043292054616E7573697476616E79

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                     EAP-Support in Smartcard             February 2009

   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A0800100F06B6961646F0054305231123010060A0992268993F22C6401191602
       667231143012060A0992268993F22C6401191604656E737431153013060A0992
       268993F22C64011916056261647261310F300D06035504031306636177696669
       00723070312B3029060355040B1322436F707972696768742028632920313939
       37204D6963726F736F667420436F72702E311E301C060355040B13154D696372
       6F736F667420436F72706F726174696F6E3121301F060355040313184D696372
       6F736F667420526F6F7420417574686F726974790061305F31133011060A0992
       268993F22C6401191603636F6D31193017060A0992
   Rx: 9000

   Tx: A080000046268993F22C64011916096D6963726F736F6674312D302B06035504
       0313244D6963726F736F667420526F6F74204365727469666963617465204175
       74686F726974790E000000
   Rx: 9F00

   // Transfer Smartcard Response, eap.response#18

   // 1st fragment 1594 bytes - 05D6 - Code=2 id=18
   // Length=1494 Type=0D Flag=C0 Size=1825

   Tx: A012000000
   Rx: 021805D60DC00000072116030106F10B0005E10005DE0005DB308205D7308204
       BFA003020102020A61253DFF000000000006300D06092A864886F70D01010505
       00305231123010060A0992268993F22C6401191602667231143012060A099226
       8993F22C6401191604656E737431153013060A0992268993F22C640119160562
       61647261310F300D06035504031306636177696669301E170D30333131303630
       39333635395A170D3034313130353039333635395A306231123010060A099226
       8993F22C6401191602667231143012060A0992268993F22C6401191604656E73
       7431153013060A0992268993F22C64011916056261647261310E300C06035504
       9F00

   Tx: A012000000
   Rx: 0313055573657273310F300D0603550403130668616A6A656830819F300D0609
       2A864886F70D010101050003818D0030818902818100DE7D0EF51D1716C06F51
       B04CEF2EC6CAF4D86601BC7B211237CEDC6172F3C8FF835C2FF52BF8F00FBD89
       866A3FC28B3BBDC798FD4B1D678F856612746F6474D031074604BAB17470B1FC
       D94244F897C274B9455C841533EC4ACB41D26E7C6DBDBCCD3E64FF8F3363FE06
       556996C696FA17DBF87FEB5BFE003ED18E428362BEC30203010001A382032130
       82031D300B0603551D0F0404030205A0304406092A864886F70D01090F043730
       35300E06082A864886F70D030202020080300E06082A864886F70D0304020200
       9F00

   Tx: A012000000
   Rx: 80300706052B0E030207300A06082A864886F70D0307301D0603551D0E041604
       14526E170649667E12FD1EC69D4CC8A02640B75928301706092B060104018237
       1402040A1E080055007300650072301F0603551D23041830168014E56DC55020
       881E3900398AF99EE0789DA4230F893081FB0603551D1F0481F33081F03081ED
       A081EAA081E78681B16C6461703A2F2F2F434E3D6361776966692C434E3D616B
       6B6172312C434E3D4344502C434E3D5075626C69632532304B65792532305365

   Urien & All       Informational        Expires August 2009 [Page 51]


                     EAP-Support in Smartcard             February 2009

       7276696365732C434E3D53657276696365732C434E3D436F6E66696775726174
       696F6E2C44433D62616472612C44433D656E73742C44433D66723F6365727469
       9F00

   Tx: A012000000
   Rx: 6669636174655265766F636174696F6E4C6973743F626173653F6F626A656374
       436C6173733D63524C446973747269627574696F6E506F696E74863168747470
       3A2F2F616B6B6172312E62616472612E656E73742E66722F43657274456E726F
       6C6C2F6361776966692E63726C3082011306082B060105050701010482010530
       8201013081AA06082B0601050507300286819D6C6461703A2F2F2F434E3D6361
       776966692C434E3D4149412C434E3D5075626C69632532304B65792532305365
       7276696365732C434E3D53657276696365732C434E3D436F6E66696775726174
       696F6E2C44433D62616472612C44433D656E73742C44433D66723F6341436572
       9F00

   Tx: A012000000
   Rx: 74696669636174653F626173653F6F626A656374436C6173733D636572746966
       69636174696F6E417574686F72697479305206082B0601050507300286466874
       74703A2F2F616B6B6172312E62616472612E656E73742E66722F43657274456E
       726F6C6C2F616B6B6172312E62616472612E656E73742E66725F636177696669
       2E63727430290603551D2504223020060A2B0601040182370A030406082B0601
       050507030406082B06010505070302302F0603551D1104283026A024060A2B06
       0104018237140203A0160C1468616A6A65684062616472612E656E73742E6672
       300D06092A864886F70D0101050500038201010013A233AA6EDB4282A69EF9D0
       9FD6

   Tx: A0120000D6
   Rx: 23D51F32FD0B97AF03C4BACD6B7ED5C155110EBACC3F0FAD6D853DEE845CC33D
       0E9D8ECC7514295F854D16F6409DFEB61A60C9A1EF0BC09AD3C1A93BEE546B2D
       F9DBAB8AD9A90AAB5CEE35FF6751275873D1C5093339B4ADEA0F40C54754DAE7
       461966322B5772B460B7FA2F5985D496C52CAF7456DF2D78E4DE9B1C48F2ACB9
       87BA9BDE3D1624645330F0FBF0103C547DA547C1F03B1C2BB5CDD06D38D2ABFA
       FD06387235E8E49DEDCB7E2B7E80A15B1317A04ECF1ADBF475AC82D67514A6EF
       5EBFFAD40D5D5F7395179677703BFC3A9D34623BD28E9000

   // Read ACK#19
   Tx: A080000006011900060D00
   Rx: 9F00

   // Transfer 2nd fragment, 347 bytes, Code=2 id=19 Length=347
   // Type=0D Flag=00
   //
   Tx: A012000000
   Rx: 0219015B0D00C9186A1078130652552D5CFEF1B6CDBA5197910A4C87CAD1F92F
       A7EB7A0B1000008200808FD83C571FE7D71E76A86405BDBC95BA4BD67A48F4BD
       8084F4F944C1ACDF1FACF85FFC111BE3CE8AFFB48F6DA6C5477761A34C7889CB
       148DA42141BBC1E942BAC8752B7FD255574F654DBED3DEF89EE0F79BEEBF43DC
       737F158F99C17A2461B2C5D5E2A75FCBBD7F5275AD781127300E46EC61408EF2
       BABC200F85363926301E0F0000820080BDD2429D21DAE14D9727D2F715BF30A6
       5E61C7608D5C0B6035BCCC014BAFE24BB98550AF86E13B6D8D371E5A922D20DD
       338B563B7E9C9AF0EF9110C77B468A651915575D348A7D29B89CC5A8D4B8AA71

   Urien & All       Informational        Expires August 2009 [Page 52]


                     EAP-Support in Smartcard             February 2009

       9F5B

   Tx: A01200005B
   Rx: 5D53E340E6E7AD6B6E3438F358B870C5DA5E61C45EE5E3F9454219F48A34CC98
       10A946F0C652675E3CA81ABA229309B71403010001011603010020C97EBCFF0C
       20271CAE21FAA80898278660D393CB4C640390CDEB14592A0392F79000

   // Transfer Server last message, eap request #1A
   Tx: A080000035011A00350D800000002B14030100010116030100209255D2089E41
       30B5984AF43B604A108AA11376F368E71BCF81EEFEBC00289C1C
   Rx: 6106

   // Read ACK#1A
   Tx: A0C0000006
   Rx: 021A00060D009000

   // Read PMK
   Tx: A0A6000040
   Rx: 8F0A6773E9C0264015861CE712C9A692844A28B6D5641E4D90D38994A94A2C6D
       B7CD0C7DCBD83D45B2DB1D6598FE696A10176E21B62D8A33AD2970A560CE5E84
       9000
   //
17.3 EAP-TLS mode1 ISO7816 trace (T=0 protocol)

   The EAP-TLS smartcard mode1, supports five functions
   - Public Key Encryption, with the server public key
   - Private Key Encryption, with the client private key
   - Public Key decryption, with the Certification Authority (CA)
     public key
   - Reading of the client's certificate
   - Random Number Generator

   In this mode the EAP-TLS smartcard interface doesn't provide RSA
   functions. Furthermore all client's parameters (RSA keys and
   certificate) are stored in the smartcard.

   // Set-Identity (abc TLS) type=TLS
   Tx: A016800003616263
   Rx: 9000

   // RANDOM Number Generator
   Tx: A060 0200 1C  // 28 bytes
   Rx: 08BDD285B43D1F3BC9715FC9F85FC453FE58F3A9E07FF397CD653922

   // Set Server Public KEY (FCT = Initialize + Public-Encrypt)
   Tx: A0604800870080bc67013cb915ec1281e65a4daf49801ddb6d5cf30cfd2ff63f
       5d377929c7391bfd766f67dd0fe9e8425143ba46ae95ff76919f30a39c459a22
       f22b7566529795c32fee7dcfc9dcde1169a346efe825246214df022badf983b9
       cbba81c44c15a1139701b69f9954c9bd2fdfa1ae401e3bd6fd06cf585413c28a
       e802b4670a8f30003010001


   Urien & All       Informational        Expires August 2009 [Page 53]


                     EAP-Support in Smartcard             February 2009

   // Pre-Master Secret Encryption with the Server Public Key
   // FCT = Do-Final + Public-Encrypt
   Tx: A0600800300301c5a68fb75123308e2ddbb27b63fe021e8724e7bc5c17078b3b
       3f90ba00d128f80b07ad786b6de36e5f94ffdfeb49
   RX: 6180
   TX: 8fd83c571fe7d71e76a86405bdbc95ba4bd67a48f4bd8084f4f944c1acdf1fac
       f85ffc111be3ce8affb48f6da6c5477761a34c7889cb148da42141bbc1e942ba
       c8752b7fd255574f654dbed3def89ee0f79beebf43dc737f158f99c17a2461b2
       c5d5e2a75fcbbd7f5275ad781127300e46ec61408ef2babc200f85363926301e

   // Private Encrypt with Client Private Key
   // FCT = Do-Final + Private-Encrypt
   // (Client Certificate Verify)
   Tx: A0604002249c0326e6d899fa802cc981b86e9b65f41234db8e2456e5f3dccd68
       a34f25b4e72153f50e
   Rx: 6180
   Tx: A0C0000080
   Rx: bdd2429d21dae14d9727d2f715bf30a65e61c7608d5c0b6035bccc014bafe24b
       b98550af86e13b6d8d371e5a922d20dd338b563b7e9c9af0ef9110c77b468a65
       1915575d348a7d29b89cc5a8d4b8aa715d53e340e6e7ad6b6e3438f358b870c5
       da5e61c45ee5e3f9454219f48a34cc9810a946f0c652675e3ca81aba229309b7

   // Public Decrypt#1 with CA public key, first byte
   // FCT = Do-Final + Index#1 + Public-Decrypt
   // Checking of server certificate
   Tx: A061 1B 00 01 13
   Rx: 9000
   // Public Decrypt#1 (with CA public key, 255 bytes)
   Tx: A0601A00FFA233AA6EDB4282A69EF9D023D51F32FD0B97AF03C4BACD6B7ED5C1
       55110EBACC3F0FAD6D853DEE845CC33D0E9D8ECC7514295F854D16F6409DFEB6
       1A60C9A1EF0BC09AD3C1A93BEE546B2DF9DBAB8AD9A90AAB5CEE35FF67512758
       73D1C5093339B4ADEA0F40C54754DAE7461966322B5772B460B7FA2F5985D496
       C52CAF7456DF2D78E4DE9B1C48F2ACB987BA9BDE3D1624645330F0FBF0103C54
       7DA547C1F03B1C2BB5CDD06D38D2ABFAFD06387235E8E49DEDCB7E2B7E80A15B
       1317A04ECF1ADBF475AC82D67514A6EF5EBFFAD40D5D5F7395179677703BFC3A
       9D34623BD28EC9186A1078130652552D5CFEF1B6CDBA5197910A4C87CAD1F92F
       A7EB7A0B
   Rx: 6123
   Tx: A0C0000023 // Certificate Hash
   Rx: 3021300906052B0E03021A0500041429A563710F25832AFB692E44F4B9AFF36F
       BE91A79000

   // Read Client Certificate
   Tx: A060000000 // Certificate 1st fragment
   Rx: 308205D7308204BFA003020102020A61253DFF000000000006300D06092A8648
       86F70D0101050500305231123010060A0992268993F22C640119160266723114
       3012060A0992268993F22C6401191604656E737431153013060A0992268993F2
       2C64011916056261647261310F300D06035504031306636177696669301E170D
       3033313130363039333635395A170D3034313130353039333635395A30623112
       3010060A0992268993F22C6401191602667231143012060A0992268993F22C64
       01191604656E737431153013060A0992268993F22C6401191605626164726131

   Urien & All       Informational        Expires August 2009 [Page 54]


                     EAP-Support in Smartcard             February 2009

       0E300C060355040313055573657273310F300D0603550403130668616A6A6568
       9F00
   Tx: A012000000 // Certificate 2nd fragment
   Rx: 30819F300D06092A864886F70D010101050003818D0030818902818100DE7D0E
       F51D1716C06F51B04CEF2EC6CAF4D86601BC7B211237CEDC6172F3C8FF835C2F
       F52BF8F00FBD89866A3FC28B3BBDC798FD4B1D678F856612746F6474D0310746
       04BAB17470B1FCD94244F897C274B9455C841533EC4ACB41D26E7C6DBDBCCD3E
       64FF8F3363FE06556996C696FA17DBF87FEB5BFE003ED18E428362BEC3020301
       0001A38203213082031D300B0603551D0F0404030205A0304406092A864886F7
       0D01090F04373035300E06082A864886F70D030202020080300E06082A864886
       F70D030402020080300706052B0E030207300A06082A864886F70D0307301D06
       9F00
   Tx: A012000000 // Certificate 3rd fragment
   Rx: 03551D0E04160414526E170649667E12FD1EC69D4CC8A02640B7592830170609
       2B0601040182371402040A1E080055007300650072301F0603551D2304183016
       8014E56DC55020881E3900398AF99EE0789DA4230F893081FB0603551D1F0481
       F33081F03081EDA081EAA081E78681B16C6461703A2F2F2F434E3D6361776966
       692C434E3D616B6B6172312C434E3D4344502C434E3D5075626C69632532304B
       657925323053657276696365732C434E3D53657276696365732C434E3D436F6E
       66696775726174696F6E2C44433D62616472612C44433D656E73742C44433D66
       723F63657274696669636174655265766F636174696F6E4C6973743F62617365
       9F00
   Tx: A012000000 // Certificate 4th fragment
   Rx: 3F6F626A656374436C6173733D63524C446973747269627574696F6E506F696E
       748631687474703A2F2F616B6B6172312E62616472612E656E73742E66722F43
       657274456E726F6C6C2F6361776966692E63726C3082011306082B0601050507
       010104820105308201013081AA06082B0601050507300286819D6C6461703A2F
       2F2F434E3D6361776966692C434E3D4149412C434E3D5075626C69632532304B
       657925323053657276696365732C434E3D53657276696365732C434E3D436F6E
       66696775726174696F6E2C44433D62616472612C44433D656E73742C44433D66
       723F634143657274696669636174653F626173653F6F626A656374436C617373
       9F00
   Tx: A012000000 // Certificate 5th fragment
   Rx: 3D63657274696669636174696F6E417574686F72697479305206082B06010505
       0730028646687474703A2F2F616B6B6172312E62616472612E656E73742E6672
       2F43657274456E726F6C6C2F616B6B6172312E62616472612E656E73742E6672
       5F6361776966692E63727430290603551D2504223020060A2B0601040182370A
       030406082B0601050507030406082B06010505070302302F0603551D11042830
       26A024060A2B060104018237140203A0160C1468616A6A65684062616472612E
       656E73742E6672300D06092A864886F70D0101050500038201010013A233AA6E
       DB4282A69EF9D023D51F32FD0B97AF03C4BACD6B7ED5C155110EBACC3F0FAD6D
       9FDB
   Tx: A0120000DB // Certificate 6th and last fragment
   Rx: 853DEE845CC33D0E9D8ECC7514295F854D16F6409DFEB61A60C9A1EF0BC09AD3
       C1A93BEE546B2DF9DBAB8AD9A90AAB5CEE35FF6751275873D1C5093339B4ADEA
       0F40C54754DAE7461966322B5772B460B7FA2F5985D496C52CAF7456DF2D78E4
       DE9B1C48F2ACB987BA9BDE3D1624645330F0FBF0103C547DA547C1F03B1C2BB5
       CDD06D38D2ABFAFD06387235E8E49DEDCB7E2B7E80A15B1317A04ECF1ADBF475
       AC82D67514A6EF5EBFFAD40D5D5F7395179677703BFC3A9D34623BD28EC9186A
       1078130652552D5CFEF1B6CDBA5197910A4C87CAD1F92FA7EB7A0B9000


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18 Annex 7, EAP-AKA ISO7816 APDUs Trace (T=0 Protocol)

   This annex gives test vectors for the EAP-AKA protocol, introduced
   by [EAP-AKA]

   // Select EAP_APPLICATION
   Tx: 00A40400 07 11 22 33 44 55 66 01
   Rx: 9000

   // Verify User PIN ('0000')
   Tx: A020000004 30303030
   Rx: 9000

   // Set-Identity ('zzz') type=AKA
   Tx: A0 16 00 80 03 7A 7A 7A
   // 90 00

   // EAP-Identity request
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 05 01 A4 00 05 01
   // Identity.response: anonymous@dot.com
   Rx: 02 A4 00 16 01 61 6E 6F 6E 79 6D 6F 75 73 40 64 6F 74 2E 63 6F
       6D 90 00

   // EAP-AKA GET AT_PERMANENT_ID_REQ: aka@dot.com
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 0A 01A6 000A 1705 0A01 0000
   Rx: 02 A6 00 16 17 05 0E 04 00 0B 61 6B 61 40 64 6F 74 2E 63 6F 6D
       00 90 00
   //=================
   // Milenage Values=
   //=================
   // These values are imported from
   // 3GPP TS 35.207 V5.0.0 (2002-06),
   // sections 4.3-Test set 1 and  6.3-Test set 1
   // K:   465b5ce8 b199b49f aa5f0a2e e238a6bc
   // OP:  cdc202d5 123e20f6 2b6d676a c72cb318
   // SQN: ff9bb4d0b607
   // AMF: b9b9
   // RAND:23553cbe 9637a89d 218ae64d ae47bf35

   // f1|f1*: 4A 9F FA C3 54 DF AF B3 01 CF AF 9E C4 E8 71 E9
   // f2/sres A5 42 11 D5 E3 BA 50 BF
   // f3/ck   B4 0B A9 A3 C5 8B 2A 05 BB F0 D9 87 B2 1B F8 CB
   // f4/ik   F7 69 BC D7 51 04 46 04 12 76 72 71 1C 6D 34 41
   // f5/ak   AA 68 9C 64 83 70
   // f5*/ak2 45 1E 8B EC A4 3B

   //=============================
   // Values for XKEY & PRF(XKEY)=
   //=============================
   // ID: 61 6B 61 40 64 6F 74 2E 63 6F 6D = aka@dot.com
   // IK: F7 69 BC D7 51 04 46 04 12 76 72 71 1C 6D 34 41

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   // CK: B4 0B A9 A3 C5 8B 2A 05 BB F0 D9 87 B2 1B F8 CB
   // XKEY = sha1(ID|IK|CK) =
   // C4 83 4F 21 BE AD F0 9E 7A 3B E8 17 97 5A BA 99 DD B4 0C 9A

   // PRF(XKEY)
   // K_Encr: 28 FF 32 38 42 05 6B 55 4B 85 A5 11 16 34 5A A4
   // K_Auth: B3 08 06 82 48 8E 68 6F AC 3E 1C F8 24 8E 73 63
   // MSK:    BE 12 98 C0 B5 33 8C 91 D6 E1 1B 33 AE 7D 46 2D
   //         E2 99 64 64 0C F5 05 FF 26 AE D5 98 82 2D 41 F9
   //         20 AF 49 FD CB 77 00 8C 2A AC DB A3 A1 AE 79 75
   //         20 8C 25 E5 40 17 5D 22 D5 48 0C DE 88 D7 90 33
   // EMSK:   CD 10 C9 14 BB 54 DC 97 AE E8 96 06 67 F8 C8 59
   //         12 44 DF E7 BD 4A C1 B1 6E 63 1B 4D FA 5D F6 97
   //         4A 4C 51 F5 D8 19 FE 68 E7 37 0F 9E 47 43 9B 43
   //         FD 6E 83 CC 35 7A 01 E7 16 57 F3 BE 6D 26 4A 2B


   //=========================================
   // Test #1 : FULL AUTHENTICATION, GOOD SQN
   //=========================================
   //AT-RAND AT-AUTN AT-MAC
   Tx: A0 80 00 0044 01A5 0044 17010000 01050000 23553CBE
       9637A89D 218AE64D AE47BF35 02050000 55F328B43577 B9B9 4A9FFAC3
       54DFAFB3 0B050000 C7003536 662D5201 B011F20F E5DD8CE4

   // AT-RES AT-MAC
   Rx: 02 A5 0028 17010000 03030040 A54211D5 E3BA50BF
       0B050000 45703D12 9567DCA9 2C9101C4 9392F267 9000

   // Get MSK
   Tx: A0 A6 00 00 40
   Rx: 20 AF 49 FD CB 77 00 8C 2A AC DB A3 A1 AE 79 75 20 8C 25 E5 40
       17 5D 22 D5 48 0C DE 88 D7 90 33 BE 12 98 C0 B5 33 8C 91 D6 E1
       1B 33 AE 7D 46 2D E2 99 64 64 0C F5 05 FF 26 AE D5 98 82 2D 41
       F9 90 00


   //==========================================
   // Test #2 : FULL AUTHENTICATION, WRONG SQN
   //==========================================

   Tx: A0 80 00 0044 01A5 0044 17010000 01050000 23553CBE
       9637A89D 218AE64D AE47BF35 02050000 55F328B43577 B9B9 4A9FFAC3
       54DFAFB3 0B050000 C7003536 662D5201 B011F20F E5DD8CE4

   // According to 3GPP TS 33.102 V6.4.0 (2005-09)
   // AT_AUTS = AK2+SQNms | MAC-S
   // MAC-S   = f1*(AMF,RAND,SQNms)
   // AK2     = f5*(RAND)

   // AK2   =  45 1E 8B EC A4 3B

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   // SQNms =  ff 9b b4 d0 b6 08
   // MAC-S  = 7C D9 24 E7 39 F1 23 69

   Rx: 02 A5 0018 17040000 0404 BA853F3C1233 7CD924E739F12369 9000

   //==========================================
   // Test #3 : FULL AUTHENTICATION, WRONG MAC=
   //==========================================
   Tx: A0 80 00 0044 01A5 0044 17010000 01050000 23553CBE
       9637A89D 218AE64D AE47BF3*6* 02050000 55F328B43577 B9B9 4A9FFAC3
       54DFAFB3 0B050000 C7003536 662D5201 B011F20F E5DD8CE4

   // AKA-Authentication-Reject
   Rx: 02 A5 0008 17020000 9000

   //===========================================
   // Test #4 : Full Authentication + PSEUDO-ID=
   //===========================================

   // AT_RAND AT_AUTN AT_ENCR AT_MAC
   // AT_ENCR: 82090000 8205000D 31323334 31323334 31323334 31000000
   //          06030000 00000000 00000000

   Tx: A0 80 00 00 7C 01A5 007C 17010000 01050000 23553CBE 9637A89D
       218AE64D AE47BF35 02050000 55F328B43577 B9B9
       4A9FFAC3 54DFAFB3 81050000 12345678 12345678 12345678 12345678
       82090000 819DCAF9 E851072D 660A36FB 79D96C09 6AC36F2E 58D6E32D
       3FC84869 9DA076D4 0B050000 B05E0FFC 0A99A434 2A2BFAD8 1900F1B3

   // AT-RES AT-MAC
   Rx: 02 A5 00 28 17010000 03030040 A54211D5 E3BA50BF 0B050000
       45703D12 9567DCA9 2C9101C4 9392F267 9000

   // AT-FULLAUTH-ID-REQ = "12341234123412341@dot.com"
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 0C 01A6 000C 17050000 11010000
   Rx: 02 A6 00 24 17050000 0E070015 31323334 31323334 31323334
       3140646F 742E636F 6D000000 9000

   // AT-PERMANENT-ID-REQ = "aka@dot.com"
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 0C 01A6 000C 17050000 0A010000

   Rx: 02 A6 00 18 17050000 0E04000B 616B6140 646F742E 636F6D00 9000

   //===========================================
   // Test #5 : Full Authentication + ReAUTH-ID=
   //===========================================
   // AT-RAND AT-AUTN AT-ENCR AT-MAC
   // AT_ENCR: 82090000 8505000D 31323334 31323334 31323334 31000000
   //          06030000 00000000 00000000

   Tx: A0 80 00 00 7C 01A5 007C 17010000 01050000 23553CBE 9637A89D

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       218AE64D AE47BF35 02050000 55F328B43577 B9B9
       4A9FFAC354DFAFB3 81050000 12345678 12345678 12345678 12345678
       82090000 49E8E4BE 42452611 89AFE3A1 E913953F 4A966DBE 53D621A8
       CC771072 DA7B1964
       0B050000 4081C920 AB6A42EB A06DD4B6 A598D741

   // AT-RES AT-MAC
   Rx: 02 A5 00 28 17010000 03030040 A5 42 11 D5 E3 BA 50 BF
       0B050000 45703D12 9567DCA9 2C9101C4 9392F267 9000

   // GET AT-ANY-ID REQ: "1234123412341"
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 0C 01A6 000C 17050000 0D010000
   Rx: 02 A6 00 1C 17050000 0E05000D 31323334 31323334 31323334
       31000000 9000

   //==============================
   // Test #6: ReAUTH, GoodCounter=
   //==============================
   // XKEY' = SHA1(Identity|counter|NONCE_S|MK)
   // Identity = "31323334 31323334 31323334 31"
   // Counter=    "0000" +
   // NONCE=      "12345678 12345678 12345678 12345678"
   // MK =
   //BE1298C0B5338C91D6E11B33AE7D462DE29964640CF505FF26AED598822D41F9
   //20AF49FDCB77008C2AACDBA3A1AE7975208C25E540175D22D5480CDE88D79033
   // XKEY'= 5f83882b27d5793c01a512f5ed300e6759e64974
   // PRF(XKEY') =
   // 7a9d9d7e5ca72ef90b63cc466c4a9d0d6a6a5506a56f978d2adea27db5176c3f
   // 3abe04e06673ca3e58c85e6fd01f7cef9bd210a143917e90978aaf3eb4539747

   // AT-IV AT-ENCR AT-MAC
   // ENCR: 82090000 13010000 15050000 12345678 12345678 12345678
   //       12345678 85020004 31323334

   Tx: A0 80 00 00 54 01A5 0054   170D0000 81050000 12345678 12345678
       12345678 12345678 82090000 5A88776E 7DCB1073 7D3D3AB7 6A380B89
       95263616 453079A4 9F7DC97F 15596B2C 0B050000 37B1CFE9 B9A6F304
       4597AEDC 2FD7F41E

   // AT_ENCR: 82090000 13010000 15050000 12345678 12345678 12345678
               12345678 85020004 31323334
   Rx: 02 A5 00 54 170D 0000 81050000 A5A5A5A5 A5A5A5A5 A5A5A5A5
   A5A5A5A5 82090000 FE69186B AAE2DE0E A61B0AA3 18B21F51 5060BA59
   0C6CA984 0E6D6A66 C2340FE6 0B050000 0B17F6F6 2C6F5D86 4B00B55D
   59630015 9000

   // Get MSK
   Tx: A0 A6 00 00 40
   Rx: 3A BE 04 E0 66 73 CA 3E 58 C8 5E 6F D0 1F 7C EF 9B D2 10 A1 43
       91 7E 90 97 8A AF 3E B4 53 97 47 7A 9D 9D 7E 5C A7 2E F9 0B 63
       CC 46 6C 4A 9D 0D 6A 6A 55 06 A5 6F 97 8D 2A DE A2 7D B5 17 6C

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       3F 90 00

   //==============================
   // Test #7: ReAUTH,WrongCounter=
   //==============================

   // AT-IV AT-ENCR AT-MAC
   Tx: A0 80 00 00 54 01A5 0054   170D0000 81050000 12345678 12345678
       12345678 12345678 82090000 5A88776E 7DCB1073 7D3D3AB7 6A380B89
       95263616 453079A4 9F7DC97F 15596B2C 0B050000 37B1CFE9 B9A6F304
       4597AEDC 2FD7F41E

   // AT_ENCR AT_COUNTER_TOO_SMALL AT_COUNTER AT_PADDING
   // AT_ENCR: 82050000 14010000 13010000 06020000 00000000
   Rx: 02 A5 00 44 170D0000 81050000 A5A5A5A5 A5A5A5A5 A5A5A5A5
       A5A5A5A5 82050000 76740A5C AD9164CD EB1FC3A5 6A6338E7 0B050000
       8710886D 977A1AC5 652DE50D AA32EC15 9000

19 IANA Considerations

20 References

20.1 Normative References

   [RFC 3748] B. Aboba, L. Blunk, J. Vollbrecht,C. Sun, H. Levkowetz,
   "Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)", RFC 3748, June 2004

   [L2P] W. Townsley, A. Valencia, A. Rubens, G. Pall, G. Zorn, B.
   Palter "Layer Two Tunneling Protocol", RFC 2661, August 1999

   [RFC 4346] T.Dierks, E. Rescorla, RFC 4346, "The TLS Protocol
   Version 1.1", April 2006.

   [GSM 11.11] GSM Technical Specification GSM 11.11. Digital cellular
   telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Specification of the
   Subscriber Identity Module - Mobile Equipment (SIM - ME)

   [IEEE 802.11] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
   "Standard for Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between
   Systems - LAN/MAN Specific Requirements - Part 11: Wireless LAN
   Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY)
   Specifications", IEEE Standard 802.11, 1999

   [IEE 802.1X] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
   "Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Port-Based Network Access
   Control", IEEE Standard 802.1X, September 2001.

   [IEEE 802.11i] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
   "Approved Draft Supplement to Standard for Telecommunications and
   Information Exchange Between Systems-LAN/MAN Specific Requirements -
   Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer

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   (PHY) Specifications: Specification for Enhanced Security", IEEE
   802.11i-2004, 2004.

   [RFC 4282] B. Aboba, J. Arkko, P. Eronen, "The Network Access
   Identifier" RFC 4282, December 2005

   [ASN.1] ASN.1 standard 2002 edition ISO/IEC 8825.1.
   http://asn1.elibel.tm.fr/en/standards/index.htm

   [XML] Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition), W3C
   Recommendation 6 October 2000

   [RFC 5216] B. Aboba, D. Simon, R. Hurst, "EAP TLS Authentication
   Protocol" RFC 5216, March 2008.

   [PKCS1] "PKCS #1: RSA Encryption Standard", RSA Laboratories,

   [PKCS6] PKCS #6: "Extended-Certificate Syntax Standard, An RSA
   Laboratories Technical Note", RSA Laboratories.

   [RFC 3748] B. Aboba, L. Blunk, J. Vollbrecht, J. C. Sun, H.
   Levkowetz, "Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)" RFC 3748, June
   2004

   [RFC 4017] D. Stanley, J. Walker, B. Aboba, "Extensible
   Authentication Protocol (EAP) Method Requirements for Wireless
   LANs", March 2005.

   [RFC 4137] J. Vollbrecht, P. Eronen, N. Petroni, Y. Ohba, "State
   Machines for Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)Peer and
   Authenticator", August 2005

   [EAP-SIM] H. Haverinen, J. Salowey, "Extensible Authentication
   Protocol Method for GSM Subscriber Identity Modules (EAP-SIM)", EAP
   SIM Authentication", RFC 4186, January 2006.

   [EAP-AKA] J. Arkko, H. Haverinen, "Extensible Authentication
   Protocol Method for 3rd Generation Authentication and Key Agreement
   (EAP-AKA)" RFC 4187, January 2006

   [IKEv2] Kaufman, "Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2) Protocol", RFC 4306,
   December 2005

   [IEEE 802.16-2004] IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area
   networks. Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access
   Systems - 2004

   [IEEE 802.16e] IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area
   networks. - Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed and Mobile



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   Broadband Wireless Access Systems - Amendment 2: Physical and Medium
   Access Control Layers for Combined Fixed and Mobile Operation in
   Licensed Bands and Corrigendum 1, February 2006

   [TS 102 310] ETSI TS 102 310 V6.2.0 (2005-09) Technical
   Specification Smart Cards; Extensible Authentication Protocol
   support in the UICC(Release 6)

20.2 Informative References

   [NIST-PIV]: Draft Special Publication 800-73-1 Interfaces for
   Personal Identity Verification, February 8, 2006

   [EAP-SC] P.Urien, W.Habraken, D.Flattin , H.Ganem , "draft-urien-
   eap-smartcard-type-02.txt", October 2005

   [HOKEY-EMSK] J. Salowey, L. Dondeti, V. Narayanan, M. Nakhjiri,
   "Specification for the Derivation of Root Keys from an Extended
   Master Session Key (EMSK)", draft-ietf-hokey-emsk-hierarchy-07.txt,
   January 2008

   [EAP-KEY] Bernard Aboba, Dan Simon, P. Eronen, H. Levkowetz,
   "Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) Key Management Framework",
   draft-ietf-eap-keying-22.txt, November 2007

   [WiMAX-Forum-Stage2] "WiMAX End-to-End Network Systems Architecture
   (Stage 2: Architecture Tenets, Reference Model and Reference
   Points)" draft, august 2006

   [EAP-EXT] Bernard Aboba, "Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)
   Key Management Extensions", draft-aboba-eap-keying-extens-00.txt,
   April 2005

   [PEAP] Ashwin Palekar, Dan Simon, Joe Salowey, Hao Zhou, Glen
   Zorn,S. Josefsson, "Protected EAP Protocol (PEAP) Version 2" draft-
   josefsson-pppext-eap-tls-eap-10.txt, work-in-progress, October 2004.

Authors' Addresses

   Pascal Urien
   ENST
   37/39 rue Dareau
   75014 Paris
   France

   Email: Pascal.Urien@enst.fr

   Guy Pujolle
   LIP6 - University Paris 6
   8 rue Capitaine Scott
   Paris 75015 France

   Email: Guy.Pujolle@lip6.fr



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