Network Working Group                                     Hyunsik Yang
Internet-Draft                                            Younghan Kim
Intended status: Informational                     Soongsil University
Expires: April 2018                                  October 30, 20177


                  I2nsf on the NFV Reference Architecture
                 draft-yang-i2nsf-nfv-architecture-00.txt


Abstract

     This document describes the adoption of i2nsf Framework onto the
     Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) Reference Model. In this
     document, we explain the i2nsf Framework adopted to NFV reference
     architecture with each corresponding component.



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Table of Contents


   1. Introduction ................................................ 4
      1.1. Terminology ............................................ 4
   2. I2NSF framework onto the NFV Reference Model ................ 4
      2.1. NSF .................................................... 6
      2.2. Security Controller..................................... 7
      2.3. Developer's Mgmt System................................. 7
      2.4. Interfaces ............................................. 8
         2.4.1. Consumer-Facing Interface ......................... 8
         2.4.2. NSF-Facing Interface............................... 8
         2.4.3. Registration Interface............................. 8
   3. Use case -  SFC Enabled I2NSF framework ..................... 9
      3.1. SFC Policy Manager...................................... 9
      3.2. SFC Catalog Manager.................................... 10
      3.3. Developer's Mgmt System................................ 10
   4. Security Considerations..................................... 11
   5. IANA Considerations ........................................ 11
   6. References ................................................. 11
      6.1. Normative References................................... 11
      6.2. Informative References................................. 12
























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1. Introduction

   The goal of I2NSF is to define a set of software interfaces and
   components for controlling and monitoring aspects of physical and
   virtual NSFs, enabling clients to specify rules set. To enable I2NSF
   environment, I2NSF framework not only considers physical
   infrastructure but also considers the NFV environment since NSF may
   be provided by virtualized infrastructure as a vnfs. Especially,
   I2NSF applicability document [i2nsf-applicability] describes the
   applicability of interface to Network Security Functions to
   network-based security services in NFV environment. Although it
   explains how i2nsf provides security service in NFV environment, it
   doesn't consider how i2nsf framework adopted onto the NFV reference
   architecture.

   Therefore, we explain the i2nsf framework adopted to NFV reference
   architecture with each corresponding component.

1.1. Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

   This document uses the terminology described in [i2nsf-framework],
   [i2nsf-terminology], [i2nsf-applicability],[etsi-gs-nfv-003] and
   [nsf-triggered-steering].





 2. I2NSF framework onto the NFV Reference Model

   The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) defined
   the components for the basic NFV architecture including the NFV
   Infrastructure (NFVI), VNF Manager (VNFM), Virtualization
   Infrastructure Manager (VIM), and NFV Orchestrator (NFVO). [etsi-gs-
   nfv-003] NFVI provides the virtual resources, such as VM and virtual
   network, used to create, update, and delete VNFs running
   applications. VNFs are implemented through software virtualization
   techniques running over the NFVI.

   Virtualized Infrastructure Manager (VIM) has a function for
   controlling and managing the NFVI compute, storage and network


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   resources, within one operator's infrastructure sub-domain. It also
   collects and forwards performance measurements and events.

   VNFM manages the VNF lifecycle. When a VNF is created, the VNFM
   manages the VNF instance in the lifecycle, and the VNFM performs
   several actions such as software update/modification, monitoring
   data collection-a fault event in the VNF, and instance termination.
   According to definition of ETSI, the VNFM is divided into Generic
   VNFM and Specific VNFM. When the VNFs have their specific methods
   for provisioning and lifecycle management, a specific VNFM required.

   In the I2NSF framework [i2nsf-framework], they defined several
   components such as NSF, Security controller and Developer's Mgmt
   System. To adopt these components to the NFV reference architecture,
   each component should be classified based on functionality.
   According to component functionality, it would correspond to NFV
   reference architecture components as Figure 1.































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  +-------------------------------------------+  | ----------------   |
  |                 OSS/BSS                   |  | | NFV          |   |
  +-------------------------------------------+  | | Orchestrator +-- |
                  consumer interface             | ---+------------ | |
  +-------------------------------------------+  |    |             | |
  |  -------------------------------------    |  |    |             | |
  |  |      Security Controller(EM)      |    |  |    |             | |
  |  ------------------+------------------    |  | ---+----------   | |
  |      |     NSF-facing interface  |        |(a)-| Devloper's |   | |
  |  ----+----     ----+----     ----+----    |  | | Mgmt(VNFM) |   | |
  |  |NSF(VNF)|    |NSF(VNF)|    |NSF(VNF)|   |  | ---+----------   | |
  |  ----+----     ----+----     ----+----    |  |    |             | |
  +------|-------------|-------------|--------+  |    |             | |
         |             |             |           |    |             | |
  +------+-------------+-------------+--------+  |    |             | |
  |         NFV Infrastructure (NFVI)         |  |    |             | |
  | -----------    -----------    ----------- |  |    |             | |
  | | Virtual |    | Virtual |    | Virtual | |  |    |             | |
  | | Compute |    | Storage |    | Network | |  |    |             | |
  | -----------    -----------    ----------- |  | ---+------       | |
  | +---------------------------------------+ |  | |        |       | |
  | |         Virtualization Layer          | |--|-| VIM(s) +-------- |
  | +---------------------------------------+ |  | |        |         |
  | +---------------------------------------+ |  | ----------         |
  | | -----------  -----------  ----------- | |  |                    |
  | | | Compute |  | Storage |  | Network | | |  |                    |
  | | | hardware|  | hardware|  | hardware| | |  |                    |
  | | -----------  -----------  ----------- | |  |                    |
  | |          Hardware resources           | |  |  NFV Management    |
  | +---------------------------------------+ |  | and Orchestration  |
  +-------------------------------------------+  +--------------------+
  (a)= Registration interface

         Figure 1. I2NSF architecture on NFV reference architecture



2.1. NSF

   Network Security Function is one of the security service functions.

   In the ETSI reference architecture, VNF(Virtual Network Function)is
   the network functions which provide specific service.

   Therefore, NSF corresponds to the VNF in NFV reference architecture.




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2.2. Security Controller

   According to I2NSF framework, the security controller has a role
   which translate policy according to user's request and delivers low
   level policy to NSFs(manages NSF). It also collects NSF capability
   from developer's Mgmt System. Based on this information,
   the security controller forwards policy to NSF.

   In the NFV reference architecture, EM has a role that it may be
   aware of virtualization and collaborate with the VNF Manager to
   perform those functions that require exchanges of information
   regarding the NFVI Resources associated with the VNF.
   EM performs typical management functionality for one or
   several VNFs.

   Therefore, the Security controller corresponds to Element management
   since it should provide the function which controls NSF and policy.
   In the case of a distributed security controller model, an interface
   which is used to communicate between controllers should also be
   considered.

2.3. Developer's Mgmt System

   According to the definition of I2NSF Registration Interface,
   Developer's Mgmt system registers NSF which can be provided by
   specific vender. Developer's Mgmt system also can be one of the
   venders too.

   In the NFV reference architecture, VNFM manages the VNF lifecycle.
   It also performs several actions such as software update, monitoring
   and fault management.
   Generally, generic VNFM means that only one VNFM
   handle all of the VNF in the NFV environment. However, if additional
   VNFMs are required for management of specific VNFs, additional VFNMs
   can be defined as specific VNFMs.

   Therefore, if Developer's Mgmt System manages the NSF lifecycle, it
   can logically correspond to a specific VNFM.













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2.4. Interfaces

    2.4.1. Consumer-Facing Interface

   The Consumer-Facing Interface is an interface for communication
   between the User and the Security Controller. It is used to enable
   different users of a given I2NSF system to define, manage, and
   monitor security policies for specific flows within
   an administrative domain.

   In the NFV reference architecture, OSS is Operational Support
   Systems and BSS stands for Business Support Systems. OSS/BSS support
   the system which relates to infra management such as billing, order
   and metering.

   Although an interface is not defined between User and EM in the NFV
   reference architecture, Consumer-Facing interface can be deployed
   between user and EM.



    2.4.2. NSF-Facing Interface

   The NSF-Facing Interface is an interface for communication between
   Security Controller and NSF. It is used to specify and monitor flow-
   based security policies enforced by one or more NSFs.

   In the NFV reference architecture, Software Architecture (SWA)-4
   Interface is defined. The interface SWA-4 is used by the EM to
   communicate with a VNF. This management interface is used for the
   runtime management of the VNF according to the Fulfillment,
   Assurance,and Billing and FCAPS(Fault, Configuration, Accounting,
   Performance,Security) network management models and frameworks.

   Therefore, NSF-Facing Interface corresponds to the SWA-4 interface.



    2.4.3. Registration Interface

   Registration Interface is used to register NSF from Developer's Mgmt
   System to the security controller. An NSF's capabilities can either
   be pre-configured or retrieved dynamically through the I
   Registration Interface.




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   Above, this document mentioned that, the Developer's Mgmt System
   handles the NSF life cycle and this interface corresponds to Ve-Vnfm
   which is defined in the NFV reference architecture. Ve-Vnfm is
   defined as IFA008 in ETSI document.
   IFA008 composed of two interfaces. One is Ve-Vnfm-em, another is
   Ve-Vnfm-VNF. If security controller is deployed as an EM, then the
   registration interface corresponds to Ve-Vnfm-em.


 3. Use case -  SFC Enabled I2NSF framework

   In the I2NSF WG, some documents mentioned use cases for cloud based
   security with forwarding mechanism. Especially SFC enabled I2NSF
   document [nsf-triggered-steering] showed the use case which used SFC
   as a forwarding mechanism. In addition, it defined additional
   components and extended functionality of components. Therefore, in
   the following section, we explain the details of each component and
   consider how it corresponds to the NFV reference architecture.



3.1. SFC Policy Manager

   SFC policy manager is a part of the security controller. It is
   responsible for interpreting a high level policy into a low-level
   SFC policy, which is given by I2NSF client. It also handles delivery
   of the interpreted policy to classifiers for security function
   chaining. Moreover, it also generates an SF forwarding table and
   distributes the forwarding information to SFF(s).

   In the NFV reference architecture, MANO performs similar functions
   as the SFC policy manager.
   More specifically the NFV orchestrator(NFVO) performs on-boarding of
   new Network Service (NS), VNF-FG(forwarding graph) and VNF Packages.
   In addition, it manages NS lifecycle (including instantiation,
   scale-out/in, performance measurements, event correlation and
   termination).

   Therefore, SFC policy manager corresponds to NFVO. In addition, if
   SFC policy manager is a part of Security controller, this function
   should be separated from security controller.







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3.2. SFC Catalog Manager

   SFC catalog manger is a part of the security controller. It is
   responsible for maintaining the information of every available SF
   instance such as IP address, supported transport protocol, service
   name, and load status. Moreover, it should respond to the queries
   for available SF instances from SFC Policy Manager so as to help to
   generate a forwarding table entry relevant to a given SFP. It also
   request Developer's Management System to dynamically instantiate
   supplementary SF instances to avoid service congestion or the
   elimination of an existing SF instance to avoid resource waste.

   In the NFV reference architecture, SFC catalog manager corresponds
   to Element management since information which is related to VNF
   capability is managed by EM. Moreover, this function is similar to
   security controller as we explained earlier.



3.3. Developer's Mgmt System

   In the SFC enabled document, the function of Developer's Mgmt system
   is extended. Following the request message from SFC catalog manager,
   it creates additional SF instances and eliminates some of the SF
   instances.

   As mentioned above, if Developer's Mgmt system manages the NSF's
   lifecycle, it corresponds to a specific VNF Manager. VNF life cycle
   management includes instantiating, creating, provisioning, scaling,
   monitoring, and termination of VMs in a VNF instance. Therefore, the
   Developer's Mgmt system corresponds to a specific VNF Manager.

   However, for scaling performed at a network service level, the role
   of Developer's Mgmt system should extend to the MANOManage and
   orchestrator).













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   SFC catalog manger is a part of the security controller. It is
   responsible for maintaining the information of every available SF
   instance such as IP address, supported transport protocol, service
   name, and load status. Moreover, it should respond to the queries
   for available SF instances from SFC Policy Manager so as to help to
   generate a forwarding table entry relevant to a given SFP. It also
   request Developer's Management System to dynamically instantiate
   supplementary SF instances to avoid service congestion or the
   elimination of an existing SF instance to avoid resource waste.

   In the NFV reference architecture, SFC catalog manager corresponds
   to Element management since information which is related to VNF
   capability is managed by EM. Moreover, this function is similar to
   security controller as we explained earlier.



4. Security Considerations

   N/A

5. IANA Considerations

   This document has no IANA actions.



6. References

6.1. Normative References

   [RFC2119]

            Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to
            Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14,
            RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [i2nsf-framework]

            Lopez, D., Lopez, E., Dunbar, L.,Strassner, J., and R.
            Kumar, "Framework for Interface to Network Security
            Functions",draft-ietf-i2nsf-framework-07 (work in progress)
            ,August 2017.

   [i2nsf-terminology]

            Hares, S., Strassner, J., Lopez, D., Xia, L., and H.
            Birkholz, "Interface to Network Security Functions (i2nsf)
            Terminology",draft-ietf-i2nsf-terminology-04 (work in
            progress), July 2017.





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   [etsi-gs-nfv-003]

            ETSI NFV ISG, "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV);
            Terminology for Main Concepts in NFV", ETSI GS NFV 002
            V1.1.1 NFV 002, October 2013,
            <http://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gs/nfv/001_099/002/01.01
            .01_60/gs_nfv002v010101p.pdf>



6.2. Informative References

   [i2nsf-applicability]

            J. Jeong., S. Hyun., T. Ahn., S. Hares., D. Lopez.,"
            Applicability of Interfaces to Network Security Functions
            to Network-Based Security Services",draft-ietf-i2nsf-
            applicability-00(work in progress),October, 2017.



   [nsf-triggered-steering]

            Hyun, S., Jeong, J., Park, J., and S.Hares, "Service
            Function Chaining-Enabled i2nsf Architecture",draft-hyun-
            i2nsf-nsf-triggered-steering-03(work in progress), July
            2017.



























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   Authors' Addresses

   Hyunsik Yang
     Soongsil University
     369, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu,
     Seoul 156-743, Korea
     Email: yangun@dcn.ssu.ac.kr

   Younghan Kim
     Soongsil University
     369, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu,
     Seoul 156-743, Korea
     Email: younghak@ssu.ac.kr



































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