@misc{rfc3482,
    series =    {Request for Comments},
    number =    3482,
    howpublished =  {RFC 3482},
    publisher = {RFC Editor},
    doi =       {10.17487/RFC3482},
    url =       {https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3482},
    author =    {Mark D. Foster and James Yu and Tom McGarry},
    title =     {{Number Portability in the Global Switched Telephone Network (GSTN): An Overview}},
    pagetotal = 30,
    year =      2003,
    month =     feb,
    abstract =  {This document provides an overview of E.164 telephone number portability (NP) in the Global Switched Telephone Network (GSTN). NP is a regulatory imperative seeking to liberalize local telephony service competition, by enabling end-users to retain telephone numbers while changing service providers. NP changes the fundamental nature of a dialed E.164 number from a hierarchical physical routing address to a virtual address, thereby requiring the transparent translation of the later to the former. In addition, there are various regulatory constraints that establish relevant parameters for NP implementation, most of which are not network technology specific. Consequently, the implementation of NP behavior consistent with applicable regulatory constraints, as well as the need for interoperation with the existing GSTN NP implementations, are relevant topics for numerous areas of IP telephony works-in-progress with the IETF. This memo provides information for the Internet community.},
}