The Early Session Disposition Type for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
RFC 3959
Document | Type | RFC - Proposed Standard (December 2004; Errata) | |
---|---|---|---|
Author | Gonzalo Camarillo | ||
Last updated | 2015-10-14 | ||
Stream | Internent Engineering Task Force (IETF) | ||
Formats | plain text html pdf htmlized (tools) htmlized bibtex | ||
Stream | WG state | (None) | |
Document shepherd | No shepherd assigned | ||
IESG | IESG state | RFC 3959 (Proposed Standard) | |
Action Holders |
(None)
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||
Consensus Boilerplate | Unknown | ||
Telechat date | |||
Responsible AD | Allison Mankin | ||
Send notices to | rohan@cisco.com, dean.willis@softarmor.com |
Network Working Group G. Camarillo Request for Comments: 3959 Ericsson Category: Standards Track December 2004 The Early Session Disposition Type for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Status of This Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). Abstract This document defines a new disposition type (early-session) for the Content-Disposition header field in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). The treatment of "early-session" bodies is similar to the treatment of "session" bodies. That is, they follow the offer/answer model. Their only difference is that session descriptions whose disposition type is "early-session" are used to establish early media sessions within early dialogs, as opposed to regular sessions within regular dialogs. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3. Issues Related to Early Media Session Establishment . . . . . 2 4. The Early Session Disposition Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5. Preconditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 6. Option tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7. Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 9. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 10. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 11. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 11.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 11.2. Informational References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Full Copyright Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Camarillo Standards Track [Page 1] RFC 3959 Early Session Disposition Type December 2004 1. Introduction Early media refers to media (e.g., audio and video) that is exchanged before a particular session is accepted by the called user. Within a dialog, early media occurs from the moment the initial INVITE is sent until the User Agent Server (UAS) generates a final response. It may be unidirectional or bidirectional, and can be generated by the caller, the callee, or both. Typical examples of early media generated by the callee are ringing tone and announcements (e.g., queuing status). Early media generated by the caller typically consists of voice commands or dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) tones to drive interactive voice response (IVR) systems. The basic SIP specification (RFC 3261 [2]) only supports very simple early media mechanisms. These simple mechanisms have a number of problems related to forking and security, and do not satisfy the requirements of most applications. RFC 3960 [8] goes beyond the mechanisms defined in RFC 3261 [2] and describes two models of early media using SIP: the gateway model and the application server model. Although both early media models described in RFC 3960 [8] are superior to the one specified in RFC 3261 [2], the gateway model still presents a set of issues. In particular, the gateway model does not work well with forking. Nevertheless, the gateway model is needed because some SIP entities (in particular, some gateways) cannot implement the application server model. The application server model addresses some of the issues present in the gateway model. This model uses the early-session disposition type specified in this document. 2. Terminology In this document, the key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14, RFC 2119 [1] and indicate requirement levels for compliant implementations. 3. Issues Related to Early Media Session Establishment Traditionally, early media sessions have been established in the same way as regular sessions. That is, using an offer/answer exchange where the disposition type of the session descriptions is "session". Application servers perform an offer/answer exchange with the User Agent Client (UAC) to exchange early media exclusively, while UASsShow full document text