A Survey on Research on the Application-Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO) Problem
RFC 6029
| Document | Type |
RFC - Informational
(October 2010; Errata)
Was draft-irtf-p2prg-alto-survey (p2prg RG)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Last updated | 2015-10-14 | ||
| Replaces | draft-rimac-p2prg-alto-survey | ||
| Stream | IRTF | ||
| Formats | plain text pdf html bibtex | ||
| Stream | IRTF state | (None) | |
| Consensus Boilerplate | Unknown | ||
| Document shepherd | No shepherd assigned | ||
| IESG | IESG state | RFC 6029 (Informational) | |
| Telechat date | |||
| Responsible AD | Peter Saint-Andre | ||
| Send notices to | (None) | ||
Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) I. Rimac
Request for Comments: 6029 V. Hilt
Category: Informational M. Tomsu
ISSN: 2070-1721 V. Gurbani
Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent
E. Marocco
Telecom Italia
October 2010
A Survey on Research on
the Application-Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO) Problem
Abstract
A significant part of the Internet traffic today is generated by
peer-to-peer (P2P) applications used originally for file sharing, and
more recently for real-time communications and live media streaming.
Such applications discover a route to each other through an overlay
network with little knowledge of the underlying network topology. As
a result, they may choose peers based on information deduced from
empirical measurements, which can lead to suboptimal choices. This
document, a product of the P2P Research Group, presents a survey of
existing literature on discovering and using network topology
information for Application-Layer Traffic Optimization.
Status of This Memo
This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is
published for informational purposes.
This document is a product of the Internet Research Task Force
(IRTF). The IRTF publishes the results of Internet-related research
and development activities. These results might not be suitable for
deployment. This RFC represents the consensus of the Peer-to-Peer
Research Group of the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF). Documents
approved for publication by the IRSG are not a candidate for any
level of Internet Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6029.
Rimac, et al. Informational [Page 1]
RFC 6029 ALTO Survey October 2010
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Survey of Existing Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1. Application-Level Topology Estimation . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2. Topology Estimation through Layer Cooperation . . . . . . 8
2.2.1. P4P Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.2. Oracle-Based ISP-P2P Collaboration . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.3. ISP-Driven Informed Path Selection (IDIPS) Service . . 10
3. Application-Level Topology Estimation and the ALTO Problem . . 10
4. Open Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.1. Coordinate Estimation or Path Latencies? . . . . . . . . . 12
4.2. Malicious Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.3. Information Integrity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.4. Richness of Topological Information . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.5. Hybrid Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.6. Negative Impact of Over-Localization . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Rimac, et al. Informational [Page 2]
RFC 6029 ALTO Survey October 2010
1. Introduction
A significant part of today's Internet traffic is generated by peer-
to-peer (P2P) applications, used originally for file sharing, and
more recently for real-time multimedia communications and live media
streaming. P2P applications pose serious challenges to the Internet
infrastructure; by some estimates, P2P systems are so popular that
they make up anywhere between 40% and 85% of the entire Internet
traffic [Karagiannis], [LightReading], [LinuxReviews], [Parker],
[Glasner].
P2P systems ensure that popular content is replicated at multiple
instances in the overlay. But perhaps ironically, a peer searching
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