Deterministic Networking Architecture
RFC 8655

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Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)                           N. Finn
Request for Comments: 8655                                        Huawei
Category: Standards Track                                     P. Thubert
ISSN: 2070-1721                                                    Cisco
                                                                B. Varga
                                                               J. Farkas
                                                                Ericsson
                                                            October 2019

                 Deterministic Networking Architecture

Abstract

   This document provides the overall architecture for Deterministic
   Networking (DetNet), which provides a capability to carry specified
   unicast or multicast data flows for real-time applications with
   extremely low data loss rates and bounded latency within a network
   domain.  Techniques used include 1) reserving data-plane resources
   for individual (or aggregated) DetNet flows in some or all of the
   intermediate nodes along the path of the flow, 2) providing explicit
   routes for DetNet flows that do not immediately change with the
   network topology, and 3) distributing data from DetNet flow packets
   over time and/or space to ensure delivery of each packet's data in
   spite of the loss of a path.  DetNet operates at the IP layer and
   delivers service over lower-layer technologies such as MPLS and Time-
   Sensitive Networking (TSN) as defined by IEEE 802.1.

Status of This Memo

   This is an Internet Standards Track document.

   This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
   (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
   received public review and has been approved for publication by the
   Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Further information on
   Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 7841.

   Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
   and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
   https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8655.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2019 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction
   2.  Terminology
     2.1.  Terms Used in This Document
     2.2.  Dictionary of Terms Used by TSN and DetNet
   3.  Providing the DetNet Quality of Service
     3.1.  Primary Goals Defining the DetNet QoS
     3.2.  Mechanisms to Achieve DetNet QoS
       3.2.1.  Resource Allocation
       3.2.2.  Service Protection
       3.2.3.  Explicit Routes
     3.3.  Secondary Goals for DetNet
       3.3.1.  Coexistence with Normal Traffic
       3.3.2.  Fault Mitigation
   4.  DetNet Architecture
     4.1.  DetNet Stack Model
       4.1.1.  Representative Protocol Stack Model
       4.1.2.  DetNet Data-Plane Overview
       4.1.3.  Network Reference Model
     4.2.  DetNet Systems
       4.2.1.  End System
       4.2.2.  DetNet Edge, Relay, and Transit Nodes
     4.3.  DetNet Flows
       4.3.1.  DetNet Flow Types
       4.3.2.  Source Transmission Behavior
       4.3.3.  Incomplete Networks
     4.4.  Traffic Engineering for DetNet
       4.4.1.  The Application Plane
       4.4.2.  The Controller Plane
       4.4.3.  The Network Plane
     4.5.  Queuing, Shaping, Scheduling, and Preemption
     4.6.  Service Instance
     4.7.  Flow Identification at Technology Borders
       4.7.1.  Exporting Flow Identification
       4.7.2.  Flow Attribute Mapping between Layers
       4.7.3.  Flow-ID Mapping Examples
     4.8.  Advertising Resources, Capabilities, and Adjacencies
     4.9.  Scaling to Larger Networks
     4.10. Compatibility with Layer 2
   5.  Security Considerations
   6.  Privacy Considerations
   7.  IANA Considerations
   8.  Informative References
   Acknowledgements
   Authors' Addresses

1.  Introduction

   This document provides the overall architecture for Deterministic
   Networking (DetNet), which provides a capability for the delivery of
   data flows with extremely low packet loss rates and bounded end-to-
   end delivery latency.  DetNet is for networks that are under a single
   administrative control or within a closed group of administrative
   control; these include campus-wide networks and private WANs.  DetNet
   is not for large groups of domains such as the Internet.

   DetNet operates at the IP layer and delivers service over lower-layer