Multicast YANG Data Model
draft-ietf-mboned-multicast-yang-model-15
| Document | Type | Active Internet-Draft (mboned WG) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Zheng Zhang , Cui(Linda) Wang , Ying Cheng , Xufeng Liu , Mahesh Sivakumar | ||
| Last updated | 2026-02-23 | ||
| RFC stream | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | ||
| Intended RFC status | (None) | ||
| Formats | |||
| Yang Validation | 0 errors, 0 warnings | ||
| Reviews |
YANGDOCTORS Early Review due 2026-03-13
Incomplete
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||
| Additional resources |
Yang catalog entry for ietf-multicast-model@2020-09-30.yang
Yang impact analysis for draft-ietf-mboned-multicast-yang-model Mailing list discussion |
||
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draft-ietf-mboned-multicast-yang-model-15
MBONED WG Z. Zhang
Internet-Draft ZTE Corporation
Intended status: Standards Track C. Wang
Expires: 27 August 2026 Individual
Y. Cheng
China Unicom
X. Liu
Alef Edge
M. Sivakumar
Juniper networks
23 February 2026
Multicast YANG Data Model
draft-ietf-mboned-multicast-yang-model-15
Abstract
This document provides a generic multicast YANG data model that shows
the relevant technologies or protocols used by multicast flows. It
provides a management view for network administrators to obtain
information about multicast services.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on 27 August 2026.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2026 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
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Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components
extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2. Conventions Used in This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3. Tree Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4. Prefixes in Data Node Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Design of the Data Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1. Scope of Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1.1. Usage of Multicast Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2. Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.4. Multicast YANG data model Configuration . . . . . . . . . 11
2.5. Multicast YANG data model State . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.6. Multicast YANG data model Notification . . . . . . . . . 12
3. Multicast YANG data Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
1. Introduction
Currently, there are many multicast protocol YANG models, such as PIM
(Protocol Independent Multicast), MLD (Multicast Listener Discovery),
and BIER (Bit Index Explicit Replication) and so on. But all these
models are distributed in different working groups as separate files
and focus on the protocol itself. Furthermore, they cannot describe
a high-level multicast service required by network operators.
This document provides a general and all-round multicast model, which
shows the relevant technologies or protocols used by multicast flows.
It provides a management view for network administrators to obtain
information about multicast services.
This document does not define any specific protocol model, instead,
it depends on many existing multicast protocol models and relates
several multicast information together to fulfill multicast service.
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This document defines one NMDA-compatible [RFC8342] YANG 1.1
[RFC7950] data model for the management of multicast service. This
model can be used along with other multicast YANG models such as PIM
[RFC9128], which are not covered in this document.
1.1. Terminology
The terminology for describing YANG data models is found in [RFC6020]
and [RFC7950], including:
* data model
* data node
* identity
* module
The following abbreviations are used in this document and the defined
model:
BIER: Bit Index Explicit Replication [RFC8279].
BIER-TE: Traffic Engineering for Bit Index Explicit Replication
[RFC9262].
MLD: Multicast Listener Discovery [I-D.ietf-bier-mld].
MLDP: Label Distribution Protocol Extensions for Point-to-Multipoint
and Multipoint-to-Multipoint Label Switched Paths [RFC6388].
MVPN: Multicast in MPLS/BGP IP VPNs [RFC6513].
P2MP-TE: Point-to-Multipoint Traffic Engineering [RFC4875].
PIM: Protocol Independent Multicast [RFC7761].
SR-P2MP: Segment Routing Point-to-Multipoint
[I-D.ietf-pim-sr-p2mp-policy].
1.2. Conventions Used in This Document
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
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1.3. Tree Diagrams
Tree diagrams used in this document follow the notation defined in
[RFC8340].
1.4. Prefixes in Data Node Names
In this document, names of data nodes, actions, and other data model
objects are often used without a prefix, as long as it is clear from
the context in which YANG module each name is defined. Otherwise,
names are prefixed using the standard prefix associated with the
corresponding YANG module, as shown in Table 1.
+==========+====================+===========================+
| Prefix | YANG module | Reference |
+==========+====================+===========================+
| inet | ietf-inet-types | [RFC9911] |
+----------+--------------------+---------------------------+
| rt-types | ietf-routing-types | [RFC8294] |
+----------+--------------------+---------------------------+
| rt | ietf-routing | [RFC8349] |
+----------+--------------------+---------------------------+
| te-types | ietf-te-types | [RFC8776] |
+----------+--------------------+---------------------------+
| bier | ietf-bier | [I-D.ietf-bier-bier-yang] |
+----------+--------------------+---------------------------+
Table 1
2. Design of the Data Model
2.1. Scope of Model
This model can be used to configure and manage the multicast service.
The operational state data can be retrieved by this model. The
subscription and push mechanism defined in [RFC8639] and [RFC8641]
can be implemented by the user to subscribe to notifications on the
data nodes in this model.
The model contains all the basic configuration parameters to
configure the multicast service. Depending on the implementation
choices, some systems may not allow some of the advanced parameters
to be configurable. The occasionally implemented parameters are
modeled as optional features in this model. This model can be
extended, and it has been structured in a way that such extensions
can be conveniently made.
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2.1.1. Usage of Multicast Model
This multicast YANG data model is mainly used by the management tools
run by the network operators, in order to manage, monitor and debug
the network resources that are used to deliver multicast service.
This model is used for gathering data from the network as well.
+------------------------+
| Multicast Model |
+------------------------+
| | |
| | |
| +---------+ +----------+
| | EMS/NMS | |Controller|
| +---------+ +----------+
| | |
| | |
+------------------------------------------------+
| Network Element1.....N |
+------------------------------------------------+
Figure 1: Usage of Multicast Model
Figure 1 illustrates example use cases for this multicast model.
Network operators can use this model in a controller which is
responsible to implement specific multicast flows with specific
protocols and work with the corresponding protocols' model to
configure the network elements through NETCONF/RESTCONF/CLI. Or
network operators can use this model to the EMS (Element Management
System)/ NMS (Network Management System) to manage or configure the
network elements directly.
On the other hand, when the network elements detect failure or some
other changes, the network devices can send the affected multicast
flows and the associated signaling/ transport information to the
controller. Then the controller/ EMS/NMS can respond immediately due
to the failure. Such as the changing of the failure signaling
protocol to another one, as well as transport protocol. The
controller can distribute new model for the flows to the network
nodes. For example, a multicast flow is forwarded by BIER transport,
but BIER may no longer be active, and the flow needs to be forwarded
via PIM. The controller can send a model with the same multicast
flow information and the associated transport protocol (set to PIM)
to the ingress node.
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Specifically, in section 2, it provides a human readability of the
whole multicast network through diagram, which frames different
multicast components and correlates them in a readable fashion.
Then, based on this diagram, there is instantiated and detailed YANG
model in Section 3.
The usage of this model is flexible. The multicast-keys indicate the
flow characters. The flow can be L3 multicast flow, or L2 flow which
is also called BUM (Broadcast, Unknown unicast, Multicast) flow in
EVPN ([RFC7432]) deployment.
The Route Distinguisher, source-address and group-address of L3
multicast flow are the multicast flow keys. For example, when the
group-address is set, and the source-address is set to * or a
specific value, this is (*,G) or (S,G) analogous. In addition to the
source-address and group-address, when vpn-rd is also set, this is
MVPN use case.
* When the controller manages all the ingress and egress routers for
the flow, the model is sent with flow characters, ingress and
egress nodes information to the ingress and egress nodes. Then
the ingress and egress nodes can work without any other dynamic
signaling protocols.
* When the controller manages the ingress nodes only for the flow,
the model is sent with the flow characters to the ingress nodes.
The dynamic signaling protocol can be set or not. If the dynamic
signaling protocol is set, the nodes use the protocol to signal
the flow information with other nodes. If the dynamic signaling
protocol is not set, the nodes use the local running dynamic
signaling protocol to signal the flow information.
* When the transport protocol is set in the model, the nodes
encapsulate the flow according to the transport protocol. When
the transport protocol is not set in the model, the nodes use the
local configured transport protocol for encapsulation.
* More than one ingress node for a multicast flow can be set in the
model. In this situation, two or more ingress nodes are used for
a multicast flow forwarding, the ingress routers can be backup for
each other. More information can be found in
[I-D.ietf-mboned-redundant-ingress-failover].
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* The controller can also use this model to get information from the
ingress node. When the received information is inconsistent with
expectations, for example, a multicast flow should be forwarded
through BIER transmission, but the received information shows that
the multicast flow is forwarded by PIM, there may be some
management inconsistencies.
2.1.1.1. Example
+------------+
| +---------------------------+
+--------------+ Controller | |
| | +-----------+ |
| +------------+ | |
| | |
| +-----------------------------+ | |
| | | | |
| | +------+---+--+ |
| | |Egress router+--+ Receiver|
| | +------+------+ |
+---+-----+----+ | |
Source +-|Ingress router| BIER domain | |
+---------+----+ | |
| +------+------+ |
| |Egress router+--+ Receiver|
| +------+----+-+ |
| | | |
+-----------------------------+ +--------------+
Figure 2: Example
The network administrator can use the multicast model and associated
models to deploy the multicast service. For example, suppose that
the flow for a multicast service is 233.252.0.0/24, the flow should
be forwarded by BIER [RFC8279] with MPLS encapsulation [RFC8296].
In this model, the corresponding group-address that is in multicast-
keys is set to 233.252.0.0/24, the transport technology is set to
BIER. The model is sent to every edge router from the controller.
If the BIER transport layer has not been built in the network, the
multicast YANG model may work with the BIER YANG model that is
defined in [I-D.ietf-bier-bier-yang]. After the BIER transport layer
is built, the ingress router encapsulates the multicast flow with
BIER header and sends it into the network. Intermediate routers
forward the flows to all the egress nodes by BIER forwarding.
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Another example for this figure is, the controller can act as the
BIER overlay only. The routers in the domain build BIER forwarding
plane beforehand. The controller sends the multicast group-address
and/or the source-address to the edge routers in BIER domain only,
without signaling and transport set in the model. Then the ingres
router can encapsulate the multicast flow with BIER encapsulation
automatically.
2.2. Specification
This model imports and augments ietf-routing YANG model defined in
[RFC8349]. The container "multicast-service" is the top-level
container in this data model. The container is expected to enable
multicast service functionality.
The YANG data model defined in this document conforms to the Network
Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA) [RFC8342]. The operational
state data is combined with the associated configuration data in the
same hierarchy [RFC8407].
2.3. Overview
module: ietf-multicast
+--rw multicast-service
+--rw multicast-flow* [vpn-rd source-address group-address]
+--rw vpn-rd rt-types:route-distinguisher
+--rw source-address ip-multicast-source-address
+--rw group-address rt-types:ip-multicast-group-address
+--rw upstream
| +--rw neighbor* [neighbor-address]
| +--rw neighbor-address inet:ip-address
| +--rw vni-type? identityref
| +--rw signaling? identityref
| +--rw (protocol-type)?
| +--:(evpn)
| +--:(mld)
| +--:(mld-snooping)
| +--:(mvpn)
| +--:(pim)
+--rw downstream* [signaling transport]
+--rw signaling identityref
+--rw (protocol-type)?
| +--:(evpn)
| +--:(mld)
| +--:(mld-snooping)
| +--:(mvpn)
| +--:(pim)
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+--rw transport identityref
+--rw (transport-tech-type)?
| +--:(bier) {bier}?
| | +--rw bier* [sub-domain]
| | +--rw sub-domain uint16
| | +--rw tad* [mt-id fa-number data-plane]
| | | +--rw mt-id uint16
| | | +--rw fa-number uint8
| | | +--rw data-plane uint8
| | +--rw bitstringlength? uint16
| | +--rw bier-encap-type? identityref
| +--:(bier-te) {bier-te}?
| | +--rw bitstring* [name]
| | +--rw name string
| | +--rw bier-te-adj* [adj-id]
| | +--rw adj-id uint16
| +--:(mldp) {mldp}?
| | +--rw mt-id? uint16
| | +--rw fa-number? uint8
| +--:(rsvp-te-p2mp) {p2mp-te}?
| | +--rw template-name?
| | | te-types:te-template-name
| | +--rw static-tunnel-name? string
| +--:(pim) {pim}?
| | +--rw source-address?
| | | ip-multicast-source-address
| | +--rw group-address
| | | rt-types:ip-multicast-group-address
| | +--rw bidir {bidir}?
| | +--rw tad* [mt-id fa-number data-plane]
| | +--rw mt-id uint16
| | +--rw fa-number uint8
| | +--rw data-plane uint8
| +--:(ir-tunnel) {ir-tunnel}?
| | +--rw ir-tunnel-type? uint8
| +--:(sr-p2mp) {sr-p2mp}?
| +--:(native)
+--rw neighbor* [neighbor-address]
+--rw neighbor-address inet:ip-address
+--rw vni-type? identityref
notifications:
+---n ingress-egress-event
+--ro event-type? identityref
+--ro multicast-flow* [vpn-rd source-address group-address]
+--ro vpn-rd rt-types:route-distinguisher
+--ro source-address ip-multicast-source-address
+--ro group-address rt-types:ip-multicast-group-address
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+--ro upstream
| +--ro neighbor* [neighbor-address]
| +--ro neighbor-address inet:ip-address
| +--ro vni-type? identityref
| +--ro signaling? identityref
| +--ro (protocol-type)?
| +--:(evpn)
| +--:(mld)
| +--:(mld-snooping)
| +--:(mvpn)
| +--:(pim)
+--ro downstream* [signaling transport]
+--ro signaling identityref
+--ro (protocol-type)?
| +--:(evpn)
| +--:(mld)
| +--:(mld-snooping)
| +--:(mvpn)
| +--:(pim)
+--ro transport identityref
+--ro (transport-tech-type)?
| +--:(bier) {bier}?
| | +--ro bier* [sub-domain]
| | +--ro sub-domain uint16
| | +--ro tad* [mt-id fa-number data-plane]
| | | +--ro mt-id uint16
| | | +--ro fa-number uint8
| | | +--ro data-plane uint8
| | +--ro bitstringlength? uint16
| | +--ro bier-encap-type? identityref
| +--:(bier-te) {bier-te}?
| | +--ro bitstring* [name]
| | +--ro name string
| | +--ro bier-te-adj* [adj-id]
| | +--ro adj-id uint16
| +--:(mldp) {mldp}?
| | +--ro mt-id? uint16
| | +--ro fa-number? uint8
| +--:(rsvp-te-p2mp) {p2mp-te}?
| | +--ro template-name?
| | | te-types:te-template-name
| | +--ro static-tunnel-name? string
| +--:(pim) {pim}?
| | +--ro source-address?
| | | ip-multicast-source-address
| | +--ro group-address
| | | rt-types:ip-multicast-group-address
| | +--ro bidir {bidir}?
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| | +--ro tad* [mt-id fa-number data-plane]
| | +--ro mt-id uint16
| | +--ro fa-number uint8
| | +--ro data-plane uint8
| +--:(ir-tunnel) {ir-tunnel}?
| | +--ro ir-tunnel-type? uint8
| +--:(sr-p2mp) {sr-p2mp}?
| +--:(native)
+--ro neighbor* [neighbor-address]
+--ro neighbor-address inet:ip-address
+--ro vni-type? identityref
2.4. Multicast YANG data model Configuration
This model can work with other protocol data models to provide
multicast service.
This model includes multicast service keys, the multicast service
signaling, the transport layer information. Multicast keys include
the features of multicast flow, such as (vpn-rd, multicast source and
multicast group) information. In data center network, for fine-
grained to gather the nodes belonging to the same virtual network,
there may need VNI-related information to assist.
Multicast service signaling defines the multicast flows information,
and the nodes (ingress and/or egress) information. If the transport
layer is BIER, there may define BIER information including
(Subdomain, tad (multi-topology ID, flex algo number, data-plane),
encapsulation-type). When the nodes (ingress and/or egress)
information are not defined, there may need dynamic multicast
signaling technology, such as MLD or MVPN, to collect these nodes
information. The model can be sent to the ingress nodes only. For
example, regardless of the dynamic signaling protocol used, the
ingress node advertises the multicast flow information to all
neighbors in the BIER domain. When the ingress node receives the
signaling from some egress nodes, the ingress node sends the flow to
the signaling egress nodes.
Multicast transport layer defines the type of transport technologies
that can be used to forward multicast flow, including BIER forwarding
type, MPLS forwarding type, or PIM forwarding type and so on. The
multicast YANG data model can be used with the corresponding protocol
model to indicate the transport technology used for the multicast
flow.
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The configuration modeling branch is composed of the keys, upstream
(ingress) nodes, downstream (egress) nodes, signaling protocols and
transport technologies.
2.5. Multicast YANG data model State
Multicast model states are the same with the configuration. In most
cases, network administrators can use this model to obtain multicast
flows and related protocol information such as signaling protocols
and transport technologies.
2.6. Multicast YANG data model Notification
The defined Notifications include the events of ingress or egress
nodes. Like ingress node failure, signaling/ transport module
loading/ unloading. And the potential failure about some multicast
flows and associated signaling/ transport technologies.
3. Multicast YANG data Model
This module references [RFC4541], [RFC4875], [RFC4915], [RFC5015],
[RFC5120], [RFC6388], [RFC6513], [RFC6514], [RFC7348], [RFC7432],
[RFC7637], [RFC7716], [RFC7761], [RFC7988], [RFC8174], [RFC8279],
[RFC8294], [RFC8296], [RFC8349], [RFC8556], [RFC8776], [RFC8926],
[RFC9179], [RFC9262], [RFC9350], [RFC9502], [RFC9524], [RFC9572],
[RFC9624], [RFC9658], [RFC9911], [I-D.ietf-bier-bier-yang],
[I-D.ietf-bier-mld], [I-D.ietf-bier-bierin6],
[I-D.ietf-bier-pim-signaling], [I-D.ietf-bier-te-yang],
[I-D.ietf-lsr-flex-soft-dataplane], [I-D.ietf-pim-sr-p2mp-policy],
[I-D.xz-pim-flex-algo].
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-multicast@2026-01-06.yang"
module ietf-multicast {
yang-version 1.1;
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-multicast";
prefix ietf-multicast;
import ietf-inet-types {
prefix inet;
reference
"RFC 9911: Common YANG Data Types";
}
import ietf-routing-types {
prefix rt-types;
reference
"RFC 8294: Common YANG Data Types for the Routing Area";
}
import ietf-routing {
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prefix rt;
reference
"RFC 8349: A YANG Data Model for Routing Management
(NMDA Version)";
}
import ietf-te-types {
prefix te-types;
reference
"RFC 8776: Common YANG Data Types for Traffic Engineering";
}
import ietf-bier {
prefix bier;
reference
"I-D.ietf-bier-bier-yang: YANG Data Model for BIER Protocol";
}
organization
" IETF MBONED (MBONE Deployment) Working Group";
contact
"WG List: <mailto:mboned@ietf.org>
Editor: Zheng Zhang
<mailto:zhang.zheng@zte.com.cn>
Editor: Cui Wang
<mailto:lindawangjoy@gmail.com>
Editor: Ying Cheng
<mailto:chengying10@chinaunicom.cn>
Editor: Xufeng Liu
<mailto:xufeng.liu.ietf@gmail.com>
Editor: Mahesh Sivakumar
<mailto:sivakumar.mahesh@gmail.com>
";
// RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove
// this note
description
"The module defines the YANG definitions for multicast service
management. This model can be used to send multicast flow
information to or retrieve multicast flow information from
devices, including upstream and downstream node information,
possible signaling protocols, and the multicast transmission
protocol that actually carries the multicast flow.
Copyright (c) 2026 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
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without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject to
the license terms contained in, the Revised BSD License set
forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC 9719
(https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9719); see the RFC itself
for full legal notices.
The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL', 'SHALL
NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED', 'NOT RECOMMENDED',
'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document are to be interpreted as
described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when,
they appear in all capitals, as shown here.";
revision 2026-01-06 {
description
"Initial revision.";
reference
"RFC XXXX: A YANG Data Model for multicast service management
YANG.";
}
/*
*feature
*/
feature bier {
description
"Cooperation with BIER technology.";
reference
"RFC 8279: Multicast Using Bit Index Explicit Replication
(BIER)";
}
feature bier-te {
description
"Cooperation with BIER-TE technology.";
reference
"RFC 9262: Tree Engineering for Bit Index Explicit Replication
(BIER-TE)";
}
feature sr-p2mp {
description
"Cooperation with multipoint Segment Routing replication
technology.";
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reference
"RFC 9524: Segment Routing Replication for Multipoint
Service Delivery";
}
feature ir-tunnel {
description
"Cooperation with Ingress Replication tunnel technology.";
reference
"RFC 7988: Ingress Replication Tunnels in Multicast VPN";
}
feature mldp {
description
"Cooperation with MLDP technology.";
reference
"RFC 6388: Label Distribution Protocol Extensions
for Point-to-Multipoint and Multipoint-to-Multipoint
Label Switched Paths";
}
feature p2mp-te {
description
"Cooperation with RSVP TE P2MP technology.";
reference
"RFC 4875: Extensions to Resource Reservation Protocol -
Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) for Point-to-Multipoint TE
Label Switched Paths (LSPs)";
}
feature pim {
description
"Cooperation with PIM technology.";
reference
"RFC 7761: Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode
(PIM-SM): Protocol Specification (Revised)";
}
feature bidir {
description
"Cooperation with BIDIR-PIM technology.";
reference
"RFC 5015: Bidirectional Protocol Independent Multicast
(BIDIR-PIM)";
}
/*
*typedef
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*/
typedef ip-multicast-source-address {
type union {
type enumeration {
enum * {
description
"Any source address.";
}
}
type inet:ipv4-address;
type inet:ipv6-address;
}
description
"Multicast source IP address type.";
}
/*
* Identities
*/
identity multicast-service {
base rt:control-plane-protocol;
description
"Identity for the multicast model.";
}
identity dynamic-signaling-type {
description
"Base identity for the dynamic signaling type of multicast
service technology.";
}
identity transport-type {
description
"Identity for the multicast transport technology.";
}
identity tunnel-encap-type {
description
"Base identity for the type of multicast flow tunnel
encapsulation.";
}
identity tunnel-encap-vxlan {
base tunnel-encap-type;
description
"The VXLAN encapsulation is used for flow encapsulation.";
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reference
"RFC 7348: Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN):
A Framework for Overlaying Virtualized Layer 2 Networks
over Layer 3 Networks";
}
identity tunnel-encap-nvgre {
base tunnel-encap-type;
description
"The NVGRE encapsulation is used for flow encapsulation.";
reference
"RFC 7637: NVGRE: Network Virtualization Using Generic
Routing Encapsulation";
}
identity tunnel-encap-geneve {
base tunnel-encap-type;
description
"The GENEVE encapsulation is used for flow encapsulation.";
reference
"RFC 8926: Geneve: Generic Network Virtualization
Encapsulation";
}
identity signaling-pim {
base dynamic-signaling-type;
description
"Using PIM as multicast service signaling technology.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-bier-pim-signaling: PIM Signaling Through BIER
Core";
}
identity mld {
base dynamic-signaling-type;
description
"Using MLD as multicast service signaling technology.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-bier-mld: BIER Ingress Multicast Flow Overlay
using Multicast Listener Discovery Protocols";
}
identity mld-snooping {
base dynamic-signaling-type;
description
"Using MLD-snooping as multicast service signaling
technology.";
reference
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"RFC 4541: Considerations for Internet Group Management
Protocol (IGMP) and Multicast Listener
Discovery (MLD) Snooping Switches";
}
identity evpn {
base dynamic-signaling-type;
description
"Using EVPN as multicast service signaling technology.";
reference
"RFC 7432: BGP MPLS-Based Ethernet VPN
RFC 9572: Updates on EVPN BUM Procedures
RFC 9624: EVPN Broadcast, Unknown Unicast, or Multicast
(BUM) Using Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER)";
}
identity mvpn {
base dynamic-signaling-type;
description
"Using MVPN as multicast service signaling technology.";
reference
"RFC 6513: Multicast in MPLS/BGP IP VPNs
RFC 7716: Global Table Multicast with BGP Multicast VPN
(BGP-MVPN) Procedures
RFC 8556: Multicast VPN Using Bit Index Explicit
Replication (BIER)";
}
identity bier {
base transport-type;
description
"Using BIER as multicast transport technology.";
reference
"RFC 8279: Multicast Using Bit Index Explicit Replication
(BIER)";
}
identity bier-te {
base transport-type;
description
"Using BIER-TE as multicast transport technology.";
reference
"RFC 9262: Traffic Engineering for Bit Index Explicit
Replication (BIER-TE)";
}
identity mldp {
base transport-type;
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description
"Using mLDP as multicast transport technology.";
reference
"RFC 6388: Label Distribution Protocol Extensions
for Point-to-Multipoint and Multipoint-to-Multipoint
Label Switched Paths";
}
identity rsvp-te-p2mp {
base transport-type;
description
"Using P2MP TE as multicast transport technology.";
reference
"RFC 4875: Extensions to Resource Reservation Protocol
- Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) for Point-to-Multipoint
TE Label Switched Paths (LSPs)";
}
identity sr-p2mp {
base transport-type;
description
"Using Segment Routing as multicast transport technology.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-pim-sr-p2mp-policy:
Segment Routing Point-to-Multipoint Policy";
}
identity pim {
base transport-type;
description
"Using PIM as multicast transport technology.";
reference
"RFC 7761: Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode
(PIM-SM): Protocol Specification (Revised)";
}
identity bidir {
base transport-type;
description
"Using BIDIR-PIM as multicast transport technology.";
reference
"RFC 5015: Bidirectional Protocol Independent Multicast
(BIDIR-PIM)";
}
identity event-type {
description
"The events of the multicast service.";
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}
identity event-up {
base event-type;
description
"The multicast service works.";
}
identity event-down {
base event-type;
description
"There is something wrong with upstream or downstream node,
and node can't work properlay.";
}
identity protocol-enabled {
base event-type;
description
"The protocol that is used for multicast flows have been
enabled.";
}
identity protocol-disabled {
base event-type;
description
"The protocol that is used by multicast flows have been
disabled.";
}
grouping general-multicast-key {
description
"The general multicast keys. They are used to differentiate
multicast service.";
leaf vpn-rd {
type rt-types:route-distinguisher;
description
"A Route Distinguisher is used to differentiate
routes from different MVPNs.";
reference
"RFC 8294: Common YANG Data Types for the Routing Area
RFC 6513: Multicast in MPLS/BGP IP VPNs";
}
leaf source-address {
type ip-multicast-source-address;
description
"The IP source address of the multicast flow. The
value set to * means that the receiver interests
in all source that relevant to one given group.";
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}
leaf group-address {
type rt-types:ip-multicast-group-address;
mandatory true;
description
"The IP group address of multicast flow. This
type represents a version-neutral IP multicast group
address. The format of the textual representation
implies the IP version.";
reference
"RFC 8294: Common YANG Data Types for the Routing Area";
}
}
// multicast-key
grouping encap-type {
description
"The encapsulation type used for flow forwarding.
This encapsulation acts as the inner encapsulation,
as compare to the outer multicast-transport encapsulation.";
choice encap-type {
case mpls {
description
"The BIER forwarding depends on mpls.";
reference
"RFC 8296: Encapsulation for Bit Index Explicit
Replication (BIER) in MPLS and Non-MPLS Networks";
}
case eth {
description
"The BIER forwarding depends on ethernet.";
reference
"RFC 8296: Encapsulation for Bit Index Explicit
Replication (BIER) in MPLS and Non-MPLS Networks";
}
case ipv6 {
description
"The BIER forwarding depends on IPv6.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-bier-bierin6: BIER in IPv6 (BIERin6)";
}
description
"The encapsulation type in BIER.";
}
}
// encap-type
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grouping bier-key {
description
"The key parameters set for BIER/BIER TE forwarding.";
reference
"RFC 8279: Multicast Using Bit Index Explicit Replication
(BIER).";
leaf sub-domain {
type uint16;
description
"The subdomain ID that the multicast flow belongs to.";
}
list tad {
key "mt-id fa-number data-plane";
description
"The associated Multi-Topology ID, Flex Algo number and
data plane type.";
leaf mt-id {
type uint16;
description
"The multi-topology ID that the multicast flow belongs
to.";
reference
"RFC 4915: Multi-Topology (MT) Routing in OSPF
RFC 5120: M-ISIS: Multi Topology (MT) Routing in
Intermediate System to Intermediate Systems (IS-ISs)";
}
leaf fa-number {
type uint8;
description
"Flex-algo number, value between 128 and 255 inclusive.";
reference
"RFC 9350: IGP Flexible Algorithm";
}
leaf data-plane {
type uint8;
description
"Data plane type used for prefix calculation.";
reference
"RFC 9502: IGP Flexible Algorithm in IP Networks
I-D.ietf-lsr-flex-soft-dataplane: IGP Flex Soft
Dataplane";
}
}
leaf bitstringlength {
type uint16;
description
"The bitstringlength used by BIER forwarding.";
}
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leaf bier-encap-type {
type identityref {
base bier:bier-encapsulation;
}
description
"The BIER encapsulation that can be used in either MPLS
networks or non-MPLS networks.";
}
}
grouping transport-tech {
description
"The transport technology selected for the multicast service.
For one specific multicast flow.
The same multicast flow may be forwarded using multiple
transport technologies as needed for management purposes.";
leaf transport {
type identityref {
base transport-type;
}
description
"The type of transport technology";
}
choice transport-tech-type {
description
"The type of transport technology";
case bier {
if-feature "bier";
list bier {
key "sub-domain";
description
"Using BIER as the transport technology.
The BIER technology is introduced in RFC8279.
The parameters are consistent with the definition in
BIER YANG data model.";
reference
"RFC 8296: Encapsulation for Bit Index Explicit
Replication (BIER) in MPLS and Non-MPLS Networks
I-D.ietf-bier-bier-yang:
YANG Data Model for BIER Protocol";
uses bier-key;
}
}
case bier-te {
if-feature "bier-te";
description
"Using BIER-TE as the transport technology.
The BIER-TE technology is introduced in RFC9262.
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The parameters are consistent with the definition in
BIER and BIER TE YANG data model.";
reference
"RFC 9262: Tree Engineering for Bit Index Explicit
Replication (BIER-TE)
I-D.ietf-bier-bier-yang: YANG Data Model for BIER
Protocol
I-D.ietf-bier-te-yang: A YANG data model for Traffic
Engineering for Bit Index Explicit Replication
(BIER-TE)";
list bitstring {
key "name";
leaf name {
type string;
description
"The name of the bitstring";
}
list bier-te-adj {
key "adj-id";
leaf adj-id {
type uint16;
description
"The link adjacency ID used for BIER TE
forwarding.";
}
description
"The adjacencies ID used for BIER TE bitstring
encapsulation.";
}
description
"The bitstring name and detail used for BIER TE
forwarding encapsulation. One or more bitstring
can be used for backup path.";
}
}
case mldp {
if-feature "mldp";
description
"Using MLDP as the transport technology.";
reference
"RFC 6388: Label Distribution Protocol Extensions
for Point-to-Multipoint and Multipoint-to-Multipoint
Label Switched Paths
RFC 9658:
Multipoint LDP Extensions for Multi-Topology Routing";
leaf mt-id {
type uint16;
description
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"The multi-topology ID that the multicast flow
belongs to.";
reference
"RFC 4915: Multi-Topology (MT) Routing in OSPF
RFC 5120: M-ISIS: Multi Topology (MT) Routing in
Intermediate System to Intermediate Systems (IS-ISs)";
}
leaf fa-number {
type uint8;
description
"Flex-algo number, value between 128 and 255
inclusive.";
reference
"RFC 9350: IGP Flexible Algorithm";
}
}
case rsvp-te-p2mp {
if-feature "p2mp-te";
description
"Using RSVP TE P2MP as the transport technology.";
reference
"RFC 4875: Extensions to Resource Reservation Protocol -
Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) for Point-to-Multipoint
TE Label Switched Paths (LSPs)
RFC 8776: Common YANG Data Types for Traffic
Engineering";
leaf template-name {
type te-types:te-template-name;
description
"A type for the name of a TE node template or TE link
template.";
}
leaf static-tunnel-name {
type string;
description
"Optional for statically specifying the P2MP TE tunnel
name.";
}
}
case pim {
if-feature "pim";
description
"Using PIM as the transport technology.
By setting the corresponding TAD (Multi-Topology ID,
FA number, and data plane type), constraint-based
multicast path establishment can be achieved.";
reference
"RFC 7761: Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode
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(PIM-SM): Protocol Specification (Revised)
I-D: xz-pim-flex-algo: Multi-Topology in PIM";
leaf source-address {
type ip-multicast-source-address;
description
"The IP source address of the multicast flow. The
value set to * means that the receiver interests
in all source that relevant to one given group.";
}
leaf group-address {
type rt-types:ip-multicast-group-address;
mandatory true;
description
"The IP group address of multicast flow. This
type represents a version-neutral IP multicast group
address. The format of the textual representation
implies the IP version.";
}
container bidir {
if-feature "bidir";
description
"Using BIDIR-PIM as the transport technology.
When using the bidir technique, only the group address
needs to be considered.";
reference
"RFC 5015: Bidirectional Protocol Independent Multicast
(BIDIR-PIM)";
}
list tad {
key "mt-id fa-number data-plane";
description
"The associated Multi-Topology ID, Flex Algo number
and data plane type.";
leaf mt-id {
type uint16;
description
"The multi-topology ID that the multicast flow
belongs to.";
reference
"RFC 4915: Multi-Topology (MT) Routing in OSPF
RFC 5120: M-ISIS: Multi Topology (MT) Routing in
Intermediate System to Intermediate Systems
(IS-ISs)";
}
leaf fa-number {
type uint8;
description
"Flex-algo number, value between 128 and 255
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inclusive.";
reference
"RFC 9350: IGP Flexible Algorithm";
}
leaf data-plane {
type uint8;
description
"Data plane type used for prefix calculation.";
reference
"RFC 9502: IGP Flexible Algorithm in IP Networks
I-D.ietf-lsr-flex-soft-dataplane:
IGP Flex Soft Dataplane";
}
}
}
case ir-tunnel {
if-feature "ir-tunnel";
description
"Using IR (Ingress Replication) P-tunnel for MVPN as the
transport technology.";
reference
"RFC 7988: Ingress Replication Tunnels in Multicast VPN
RFC 6514: BGP Encodings and Procedures for Multicast
in MPLS/BGP IP VPNs";
leaf ir-tunnel-type {
type uint8;
description
"The tunnel type used by MVPN ingress replication.";
}
}
case sr-p2mp {
if-feature "sr-p2mp";
description
"Using SR P2MP as the transport technology.
The ingress replication and the treesid
function will not be used at the same time.";
reference
"RFC 9524: Segment Routing Replication for Multipoint
Service Delivery
I-D.ietf-pim-sr-p2mp-policy: Segment Routing
Point-to-Multipoint Policy";
}
// sr-p2mp
case native {
description
"When this type is set, it indicates that it is a
normal multicast and no additional transport
forwarding is required.";
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}
}
}
// transport
/*signaling*/
grouping signaling-tech {
leaf signaling {
type identityref {
base dynamic-signaling-type;
}
description
"The type of signaling technology";
}
choice protocol-type {
description
"The type of dynamic signaling technology.";
case evpn {
description
"EVPN technology is used for multicast service
signaling.
When BIER is used as a transport technology, there is
specific draft listed below that explain how to
perform signaling.";
reference
"RFC 7432: BGP MPLS-Based Ethernet VPN
RFC 9624: EVPN Broadcast, Unknown Unicast, or
Multicast (BUM) Using Bit Index Explicit Replication
(BIER)";
}
case mld {
description
"MLD/IGMP can be used as multicast service signaling.
When BIER is used as a transport technology, there is
specific draft listed below that explain how to
perform signaling.";
reference
"I-D:ietf-bier-mld: BIER Ingress Multicast Flow Overlay
using Multicast Listener Discovery Protocols";
}
case mld-snooping {
description
"MLD/IGMP snooping can be used as multicast service
signaling.";
reference
"RFC 4541:Considerations for Internet Group Management
Protocol (IGMP) and Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD)
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Snooping Switches";
}
case mvpn {
description
"MVPN technology is used for multicast service signaling.
When BIER is used as a transport technology, there is
specific draft listed below that explain how to
perform signaling.";
reference
"RFC 6513: Multicast in MPLS/BGP IP VPNs
RFC 7716: Global Table Multicast with BGP Multicast VPN
(BGP-MVPN) Procedures
RFC 8556: Multicast VPN Using Bit Index Explicit
Replication (BIER)";
}
case pim {
description
"PIM can be used as multicast service signaling.
When BIER is used as a transport technology, there is
specific draft listed below that explain how to
perform signaling.";
reference
"RFC 7761: Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode
(PIM-SM): Protocol Specification (Revised)
I-D.ietf-bier-pim-signaling: PIM Signaling Through BIER
Core";
}
}
description
"The dynamic signaling technologies and associated parameter
that may be set.";
}
// signaling-tech
container multicast-service {
description
"Multicast YANG data model. Includes the flow's key value,
upstream and downstream neighbors, and related information.";
list multicast-flow {
key "vpn-rd source-address group-address";
description
"Multicast flow information, including keys, upstream and
downstream nodes, possible signaling protocols, and
transport protocols.";
uses general-multicast-key;
container upstream {
description
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"Upstream node neighbor information and the signaling
protocol used in the multicast flow.";
list neighbor {
key "neighbor-address";
description
"The IP address of the upstream node for the multicast
flow. It can be the ingress node for MVPN, EVPN, and
BIER.
In MVPN and EVPN, this is the address of the ingress
PE; in BIER, it is the BFR prefix of the BFIR.
To achieve redundant ingress node protection, two or
more ingress nodes can exist.";
leaf neighbor-address {
type inet:ip-address;
description
"The IP address of the neighbor.";
}
leaf vni-type {
type identityref {
base tunnel-encap-type;
}
description
"The encapsulated type for the multicast flow,
it is used to carry the virtual network identifier
for the multicast service.
When this type is set, the associated vni-value
MUST be set.";
}
uses signaling-tech;
}
}
// upstream
list downstream {
key "signaling transport";
description
"Downstream node neighbor information, the signaling
protocol and transport protocol used by the multicast
flow. For different downstream neighbor, different
signaling and transport technology may be used.";
uses signaling-tech;
uses transport-tech;
list neighbor {
key "neighbor-address";
description
"The IP address of the downstream node for the multicast
flow. It can be the egress node for MVPN, EVPN, and
BIER.
In MVPN and EVPN, this is the address of the egress PE;
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in BIER, it is the BFR prefix of the BFER.";
leaf neighbor-address {
type inet:ip-address;
description
"The IP address of the neighbor.";
}
leaf vni-type {
type identityref {
base tunnel-encap-type;
}
description
"The encapsulated type for the multicast flow,
it is used to carry the virtual network identifier
for the multicast service.
When this type is set, the associated vni-value
MUST be set.";
}
}
}
// downstream
}
// multicast-flow
}
/*Notifications*/
notification ingress-egress-event {
leaf event-type {
type identityref {
base event-type;
}
description
"The event type.";
}
list multicast-flow {
key "vpn-rd source-address group-address";
description
"Multicast flow information, including keys, upstream and
downstream nodes, possible signaling protocols, and
transport protocols.";
uses general-multicast-key;
container upstream {
description
"Upstream node neighbor information and the signaling
protocol used in the multicast flow.";
list neighbor {
key "neighbor-address";
description
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"The IP address of the upstream node for the multicast
flow. It can be the ingress node for MVPN, EVPN, and
BIER.
In MVPN and EVPN, this is the address of the ingress
PE; in BIER, it is the BFR prefix of the BFIR.
To achieve redundant ingress node protection, two or
more ingress nodes can exist.";
leaf neighbor-address {
type inet:ip-address;
description
"The IP address of the neighbor.";
}
leaf vni-type {
type identityref {
base tunnel-encap-type;
}
description
"The encapsulated type for the multicast flow,
it is used to carry the virtual network identifier
for the multicast service.
When this type is set, the associated vni-value
MUST be set.";
}
uses signaling-tech;
}
}
// upstream
list downstream {
key "signaling transport";
description
"Downstream node neighbor information, the signaling
protocol and transport protocol used by the multicast
flow. For different downstream neighbor, different
signaling and transport technology may be used.";
uses signaling-tech;
uses transport-tech;
list neighbor {
key "neighbor-address";
description
"The IP address of the downstream node for the multicast
flow. It can be the egress node for MVPN, EVPN, and
BIER.
In MVPN and EVPN, this is the address of the egress PE;
in BIER, it is the BFR prefix of the BFER.";
leaf neighbor-address {
type inet:ip-address;
description
"The IP address of the neighbor.";
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}
leaf vni-type {
type identityref {
base tunnel-encap-type;
}
description
"The encapsulated type for the multicast flow,
it is used to carry the virtual network identifier
for the multicast service.
When this type is set, the associated vni-value
MUST be set.";
}
}
}
// downstream
}
// multicast-flow
description
"Notification events for the upstream or downstream nodes.
Like node failure, signaling/ transport module
loading/ unloading. And the potential failure about some
multicast flows and associated
signaling/ transport technologies.";
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
4. Security Considerations
The "Multicast-service" YANG module defines a data model that is
designed to be accessed via YANG-based management protocols, such as
NETCONF [RFC6241] or RESTCONF [RFC8040]. These protocols have to use
a secure transport layer (e.g., SSH [RFC6242], TLS [RFC8446], and
QUIC [RFC9000]) and have to use mutual authentication.
The Network Configuration Access Control Model (NACM) [RFC8341]
provides the means to restrict access for particular NETCONF or
RESTCONF users to a preconfigured subset of all available NETCONF or
RESTCONF protocol operations and content.
There are a number of data nodes defined in this YANG module that are
writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., "config true", which is the
default). These data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable
in some network environments. Write operations (e.g., edit-config)
to these data nodes without proper protection can have a negative
effect on network operations. The following subtrees and data nodes
have particular sensitivities/vulnerabilities:
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multicast-service
* These data nodes in this model specifies the configuration for the
multicast service at the top level. Modifying the configuration
can cause multicast service to be deleted or reconstructed.
Some of the readable data nodes in this YANG module may be considered
sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. It is thus
important to control read access (e.g., via get, get-config, or
notification) to these data nodes. These are the subtrees and data
nodes and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
multicast-service
* Unauthorized access to any data node of the above tree can
disclose the operational state information of multicast service on
this device.
This YANG module uses groupings from other YANG modules that define
nodes that may be considered sensitive or vulnerable in network
environments. Refer to the Security Considerations of respective for
information as to which nodes may be considered sensitive or
vulnerable in network environments.
The YANG module defines a set of identities, types, and groupings.
These nodes are intended to be reused by other YANG modules. The
module by itself does not expose any data nodes that are writable,
data nodes that contain read-only state, or RPCs. As such, there are
no additional security issues related to the YANG module that need to
be considered.
Modules that use the groupings that are defined in this document
should identify the corresponding security considerations. For
example, reusing some of these groupings will expose privacy-related
information (e.g., 'transport-type').
5. IANA Considerations
RFC Ed.: Please replace all occurrences of 'XXXX' with the actual RFC
number (and remove this note).
IANA is requested to register the following URI in the "ns"
subregistry within the "IETF XML Registry" [RFC3688]:
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-multicast
Registrant Contact: The IESG
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XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.
IANA is requested to register the following YANG module in the "YANG
Module Names" subregistry [RFC6020] within the "YANG Parameters"
registry.
name: ietf-multicast
Maintained by IANA? N
namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-multicast
prefix: ietf-multicast
reference: RFC XXXX
6. Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Stig Venaas, Jake Holland, Min Gu,
Gyan Mishra, Jeffrey Zhang for their valuable comments and
suggestions.
7. References
7.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, January 2004,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3688>.
[RFC6020] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for
the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6020,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6020, October 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6020>.
[RFC6241] Enns, R., Ed., Bjorklund, M., Ed., Schoenwaelder, J., Ed.,
and A. Bierman, Ed., "Network Configuration Protocol
(NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6241>.
[RFC6242] Wasserman, M., "Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure
Shell (SSH)", RFC 6242, DOI 10.17487/RFC6242, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6242>.
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[RFC6513] Rosen, E., Ed. and R. Aggarwal, Ed., "Multicast in MPLS/
BGP IP VPNs", RFC 6513, DOI 10.17487/RFC6513, February
2012, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6513>.
[RFC6514] Aggarwal, R., Rosen, E., Morin, T., and Y. Rekhter, "BGP
Encodings and Procedures for Multicast in MPLS/BGP IP
VPNs", RFC 6514, DOI 10.17487/RFC6514, February 2012,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6514>.
[RFC7950] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language",
RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, August 2016,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7950>.
[RFC8040] Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF
Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, January 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8040>.
[RFC8340] Bjorklund, M. and L. Berger, Ed., "YANG Tree Diagrams",
BCP 215, RFC 8340, DOI 10.17487/RFC8340, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8340>.
[RFC8341] Bierman, A. and M. Bjorklund, "Network Configuration
Access Control Model", STD 91, RFC 8341,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8341, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8341>.
[RFC8342] Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., Shafer, P., Watsen, K.,
and R. Wilton, "Network Management Datastore Architecture
(NMDA)", RFC 8342, DOI 10.17487/RFC8342, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8342>.
[RFC8446] Rescorla, E., "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol
Version 1.3", RFC 8446, DOI 10.17487/RFC8446, August 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8446>.
[RFC8641] Clemm, A. and E. Voit, "Subscription to YANG Notifications
for Datastore Updates", RFC 8641, DOI 10.17487/RFC8641,
September 2019, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8641>.
[RFC9000] Iyengar, J., Ed. and M. Thomson, Ed., "QUIC: A UDP-Based
Multiplexed and Secure Transport", RFC 9000,
DOI 10.17487/RFC9000, May 2021,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9000>.
7.2. Informative References
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[I-D.ietf-bier-bier-yang]
Chen, R., hu, F., Zhang, Z., dai.xianxian@zte.com.cn, and
M. Sivakumar, "YANG Data Model for BIER Protocol", Work in
Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-bier-bier-yang-10, 11
February 2025, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/
draft-ietf-bier-bier-yang-10>.
[I-D.ietf-bier-bierin6]
Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. J., Wijnands, I., Mishra, M. P.,
Bidgoli, H., and G. S. Mishra, "Supporting BIER in IPv6
Networks (BIERin6)", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft,
draft-ietf-bier-bierin6-12, 25 August 2025,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-bier-
bierin6-12>.
[I-D.ietf-bier-mld]
Pfister, P., Wijnands, I., Venaas, S., Wang, C., Zhang,
Z., and M. Stenberg, "BIER Ingress Multicast Flow Overlay
using Multicast Listener Discovery Protocols", Work in
Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-bier-mld-08, 2 July
2023, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-
bier-mld-08>.
[I-D.ietf-bier-pim-signaling]
Bidgoli, H., Xu, F., Kotalwar, J., Wijnands, I., Mishra,
M. P., and Z. J. Zhang, "PIM Signaling Through BIER Core",
Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-bier-pim-
signaling-13, 3 March 2025,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-bier-
pim-signaling-13>.
[I-D.ietf-bier-te-yang]
Zhang, Z., Wang, C., Chen, R., hu, F., Sivakumar, M., and
chenhuanan, "A YANG data model for Tree Engineering for
Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER-TE)", Work in
Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-bier-te-yang-09, 15
August 2025, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-
ietf-bier-te-yang-09>.
[I-D.ietf-lsr-flex-soft-dataplane]
Ginsberg, L., Psenak, P., and Z. Zhang, "IGP Flex Soft
Dataplane", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-
lsr-flex-soft-dataplane-00, 20 October 2025,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-lsr-
flex-soft-dataplane-00>.
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[I-D.ietf-mboned-redundant-ingress-failover]
Shepherd, G., Zhang, Z., Liu, Y., Cheng, Y., and G. S.
Mishra, "Multicast Redundant Ingress Router Failover",
Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-mboned-
redundant-ingress-failover-09, 2 November 2025,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-mboned-
redundant-ingress-failover-09>.
[I-D.ietf-pim-sr-p2mp-policy]
Parekh, R., Voyer, D., Filsfils, C., Bidgoli, H., and Z.
J. Zhang, "Segment Routing Point-to-Multipoint Policy",
Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-pim-sr-p2mp-
policy-22, 4 September 2025,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-pim-sr-
p2mp-policy-22>.
[I-D.xz-pim-flex-algo]
Zhang, Z., Xu, B., Venaas, S., Zhang, Z. J., and H.
Bidgoli, "Multi-Topology in PIM", Work in Progress,
Internet-Draft, draft-xz-pim-flex-algo-06, 2 November
2025, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-xz-pim-
flex-algo-06>.
[RFC4541] Christensen, M., Kimball, K., and F. Solensky,
"Considerations for Internet Group Management Protocol
(IGMP) and Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping
Switches", RFC 4541, DOI 10.17487/RFC4541, May 2006,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4541>.
[RFC4875] Aggarwal, R., Ed., Papadimitriou, D., Ed., and S.
Yasukawa, Ed., "Extensions to Resource Reservation
Protocol - Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) for Point-to-
Multipoint TE Label Switched Paths (LSPs)", RFC 4875,
DOI 10.17487/RFC4875, May 2007,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4875>.
[RFC4915] Psenak, P., Mirtorabi, S., Roy, A., Nguyen, L., and P.
Pillay-Esnault, "Multi-Topology (MT) Routing in OSPF",
RFC 4915, DOI 10.17487/RFC4915, June 2007,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4915>.
[RFC5015] Handley, M., Kouvelas, I., Speakman, T., and L. Vicisano,
"Bidirectional Protocol Independent Multicast (BIDIR-
PIM)", RFC 5015, DOI 10.17487/RFC5015, October 2007,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5015>.
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[RFC5120] Przygienda, T., Shen, N., and N. Sheth, "M-ISIS: Multi
Topology (MT) Routing in Intermediate System to
Intermediate Systems (IS-ISs)", RFC 5120,
DOI 10.17487/RFC5120, February 2008,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5120>.
[RFC6388] Wijnands, IJ., Ed., Minei, I., Ed., Kompella, K., and B.
Thomas, "Label Distribution Protocol Extensions for Point-
to-Multipoint and Multipoint-to-Multipoint Label Switched
Paths", RFC 6388, DOI 10.17487/RFC6388, November 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6388>.
[RFC7348] Mahalingam, M., Dutt, D., Duda, K., Agarwal, P., Kreeger,
L., Sridhar, T., Bursell, M., and C. Wright, "Virtual
eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN): A Framework for
Overlaying Virtualized Layer 2 Networks over Layer 3
Networks", RFC 7348, DOI 10.17487/RFC7348, August 2014,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7348>.
[RFC7432] Sajassi, A., Ed., Aggarwal, R., Bitar, N., Isaac, A.,
Uttaro, J., Drake, J., and W. Henderickx, "BGP MPLS-Based
Ethernet VPN", RFC 7432, DOI 10.17487/RFC7432, February
2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7432>.
[RFC7637] Garg, P., Ed. and Y. Wang, Ed., "NVGRE: Network
Virtualization Using Generic Routing Encapsulation",
RFC 7637, DOI 10.17487/RFC7637, September 2015,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7637>.
[RFC7716] Zhang, J., Giuliano, L., Rosen, E., Ed., Subramanian, K.,
and D. Pacella, "Global Table Multicast with BGP Multicast
VPN (BGP-MVPN) Procedures", RFC 7716,
DOI 10.17487/RFC7716, December 2015,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7716>.
[RFC7761] Fenner, B., Handley, M., Holbrook, H., Kouvelas, I.,
Parekh, R., Zhang, Z., and L. Zheng, "Protocol Independent
Multicast - Sparse Mode (PIM-SM): Protocol Specification
(Revised)", STD 83, RFC 7761, DOI 10.17487/RFC7761, March
2016, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7761>.
[RFC7988] Rosen, E., Ed., Subramanian, K., and Z. Zhang, "Ingress
Replication Tunnels in Multicast VPN", RFC 7988,
DOI 10.17487/RFC7988, October 2016,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7988>.
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[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[RFC8279] Wijnands, IJ., Ed., Rosen, E., Ed., Dolganow, A.,
Przygienda, T., and S. Aldrin, "Multicast Using Bit Index
Explicit Replication (BIER)", RFC 8279,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8279, November 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8279>.
[RFC8294] Liu, X., Qu, Y., Lindem, A., Hopps, C., and L. Berger,
"Common YANG Data Types for the Routing Area", RFC 8294,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8294, December 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8294>.
[RFC8296] Wijnands, IJ., Ed., Rosen, E., Ed., Dolganow, A.,
Tantsura, J., Aldrin, S., and I. Meilik, "Encapsulation
for Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER) in MPLS and Non-
MPLS Networks", RFC 8296, DOI 10.17487/RFC8296, January
2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8296>.
[RFC8349] Lhotka, L., Lindem, A., and Y. Qu, "A YANG Data Model for
Routing Management (NMDA Version)", RFC 8349,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8349, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8349>.
[RFC8407] Bierman, A., "Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers of
Documents Containing YANG Data Models", BCP 216, RFC 8407,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8407, October 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8407>.
[RFC8556] Rosen, E., Ed., Sivakumar, M., Przygienda, T., Aldrin, S.,
and A. Dolganow, "Multicast VPN Using Bit Index Explicit
Replication (BIER)", RFC 8556, DOI 10.17487/RFC8556, April
2019, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8556>.
[RFC8639] Voit, E., Clemm, A., Gonzalez Prieto, A., Nilsen-Nygaard,
E., and A. Tripathy, "Subscription to YANG Notifications",
RFC 8639, DOI 10.17487/RFC8639, September 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8639>.
[RFC8776] Saad, T., Gandhi, R., Liu, X., Beeram, V., and I. Bryskin,
"Common YANG Data Types for Traffic Engineering",
RFC 8776, DOI 10.17487/RFC8776, June 2020,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8776>.
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[RFC8926] Gross, J., Ed., Ganga, I., Ed., and T. Sridhar, Ed.,
"Geneve: Generic Network Virtualization Encapsulation",
RFC 8926, DOI 10.17487/RFC8926, November 2020,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8926>.
[RFC9128] Liu, X., McAllister, P., Peter, A., Sivakumar, M., Liu,
Y., and F. Hu, "YANG Data Model for Protocol Independent
Multicast (PIM)", RFC 9128, DOI 10.17487/RFC9128, October
2022, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9128>.
[RFC9179] Hopps, C., "A YANG Grouping for Geographic Locations",
RFC 9179, DOI 10.17487/RFC9179, February 2022,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9179>.
[RFC9262] Eckert, T., Ed., Menth, M., and G. Cauchie, "Tree
Engineering for Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER-TE)",
RFC 9262, DOI 10.17487/RFC9262, October 2022,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9262>.
[RFC9350] Psenak, P., Ed., Hegde, S., Filsfils, C., Talaulikar, K.,
and A. Gulko, "IGP Flexible Algorithm", RFC 9350,
DOI 10.17487/RFC9350, February 2023,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9350>.
[RFC9502] Britto, W., Hegde, S., Kaneriya, P., Shetty, R., Bonica,
R., and P. Psenak, "IGP Flexible Algorithm in IP
Networks", RFC 9502, DOI 10.17487/RFC9502, November 2023,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9502>.
[RFC9524] Voyer, D., Ed., Filsfils, C., Parekh, R., Bidgoli, H., and
Z. Zhang, "Segment Routing Replication for Multipoint
Service Delivery", RFC 9524, DOI 10.17487/RFC9524,
February 2024, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9524>.
[RFC9572] Zhang, Z., Lin, W., Rabadan, J., Patel, K., and A.
Sajassi, "Updates to EVPN Broadcast, Unknown Unicast, or
Multicast (BUM) Procedures", RFC 9572,
DOI 10.17487/RFC9572, May 2024,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9572>.
[RFC9624] Zhang, Z., Przygienda, T., Sajassi, A., and J. Rabadan,
"EVPN Broadcast, Unknown Unicast, or Multicast (BUM) Using
Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER)", RFC 9624,
DOI 10.17487/RFC9624, August 2024,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9624>.
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[RFC9658] Wijnands, IJ., Mishra, M., Ed., Raza, K., Zhang, Z., and
A. Gulko, "Multipoint LDP Extensions for Multi-Topology
Routing", RFC 9658, DOI 10.17487/RFC9658, October 2024,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9658>.
[RFC9911] Schönwälder, J., Ed., "Common YANG Data Types", RFC 9911,
DOI 10.17487/RFC9911, December 2025,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9911>.
Authors' Addresses
Zheng Zhang
ZTE Corporation
China
Email: zhang.zheng@zte.com.cn
Cui(Linda) Wang
Individual
Australia
Email: lindawangjoy@gmail.com
Ying Cheng
China Unicom
Beijing
China
Email: chengying10@chinaunicom.cn
Xufeng Liu
Alef Edge
Email: xufeng.liu.ietf@gmail.com
Mahesh Sivakumar
Juniper networks
1133 Innovation Way
Sunnyvale, CALIFORNIA 94089,
United States of America
Email: sivakumar.mahesh@gmail.com
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