Internet-Draft | Unique IPv6 GUAs for Amateur Radio | November 2022 |
Pratten | Expires 28 May 2023 | [Page] |
- Workgroup:
- Internet Engineering Task Force
- Internet-Draft:
- draft-evan-amateur-radio-ipv6-01
- Published:
- Intended Status:
- Experimental
- Expires:
Globally Unique IPv6 Addressing for Amateur Radio
Abstract
This document presents a process by which IPv6 addresses can be uniquely and automatically assigned to amateur packet radio nodes without the need for central coordination.¶
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.¶
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.¶
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This Internet-Draft will expire on 28 May 2023.¶
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.¶
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.¶
1. Introduction
When coordinating a global-scale packet radio network, it may not be practical or desireable to require all participating stations to request and/or register their local IP addresses with a central authority. The addressing technique presented in this document aims to provide a standard method by which radio nodes can self-assign addresses by utilizing the existing guarantee that all station callsigns are unique.¶
2. Node Addressing
Packet radio stations (also referred to as "nodes") are generally identified via their station callsign followed by an informational number or letter, this suffix is used to describe the type or an arbitrary ID of the station.¶
Unlike other common network protocols used by packet radio nodes, IPv6 [RFC8200] does not offer a mechanism for addressing another node by its callsign and ID. This means that an alternate addressing scheme, such as the one defined in this document, is needed to allow nodes to communicate with each other using IPv6.¶
2.1. A Note on Prefix Length
While the addressing method defined in the following section may be applied to nearly any network prefix length, usage of a 64 bit long network portion is strongly encouraged to ensure all implementations are interoperable.¶
2.2. Determining the Address for a Station
Given an IPv6 prefix with a 64 bit long network portion, the host address for station is calculated via the following steps:¶
- Compute the SHA-256 hash of the station's UPPERCASE callsign.¶
- Use the first 60 bits of the hash as the first 60 bits of the host portion of the IP address.¶
- Use the final 4 bits of the address' host portion to store the station's ID.¶
Using this method to compute the address for a station with the callsign "VA3ZZA" and the ID "10" as a host in the prefix "2001:db8::/64" [RFC4632] would result in the station address: "2001:db8::9846:807d:5b56:3a7a".¶
2.3. Benefits of this method
This method of IP address assignment has several benefits:¶
- Callsigns are uniquely assigned to stations by existing governing bodies. Using them as the basis of address creation will ensure a unique base hash for each station.¶
- Hashing callsigns instead of trying to plainly hex encode them allows support for excessively long callsigns.¶
- Encoding the station ID in the final nibble of the address allows for up to 16 nodes under the same callsign to be assigned addresses within the same /124. This allows address-based access control logic to operate on a whole callsign (first 60 bits of the host portion) at once, an ability not possible if the ID was also hashed.¶
2.4. Drawbacks of this method
While it is possible for one node to correlate another's IP address to its station callsign via a lookup table, ideally the raw callsign could be encoded directly into the IPv6 address. Doing so would both allow for a node to easily determine the callsign of a sending station without additional metadata embedded in the received packet, and allow the source address on outgoing packets to be used to satisfy legal station identification requirements.¶
Unfortunately, this is not feasible due to many governments assigning temporary "special event callsigns" to stations. These special callsigns often do not follow the general length restrictions on permanent callsigns, raising the possibility that a station will be assigned a callsign longer than is possible to encode directly in an IPv6 address, thus being un-addressable.¶
3. IANA Considerations
This memo includes no request to IANA.¶
4. Security Considerations
This document should not affect the security of the Internet.¶
5. References
5.1. Normative References
- [RFC8200]
- Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", STD 86, RFC 8200, DOI 10.17487/RFC8200, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8200>.
5.2. Informative References
- [RFC4632]
- Fuller, V. and T. Li, "Classless Inter-domain Routing (CIDR): The Internet Address Assignment and Aggregation Plan", BCP 122, RFC 4632, DOI 10.17487/RFC4632, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4632>.