PRECIS Framework: Preparation and Comparison of Internationalized Strings in Application Protocols
draft-ietf-precis-framework-09
The information below is for an old version of the document.
| Document | Type |
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 7564.
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Peter Saint-Andre , Marc Blanchet | ||
| Last updated | 2013-07-10 | ||
| Replaces | draft-blanchet-precis-framework | ||
| RFC stream | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | ||
| Formats | |||
| Reviews |
GENART IETF Last Call review
(of
-22)
by Tom Taylor
Ready w/nits
|
||
| Additional resources | Mailing list discussion | ||
| Stream | WG state | In WG Last Call | |
| Document shepherd | Alexey Melnikov | ||
| IESG | IESG state | Became RFC 7564 (Proposed Standard) | |
| Consensus boilerplate | Unknown | ||
| Telechat date | (None) | ||
| Responsible AD | Pete Resnick | ||
| Send notices to | precis-chairs@tools.ietf.org, draft-ietf-precis-framework@tools.ietf.org |
draft-ietf-precis-framework-09
PRECIS P. Saint-Andre
Internet-Draft Cisco Systems, Inc.
Obsoletes: 3454 (if approved) M. Blanchet
Intended status: Standards Track Viagenie
Expires: January 11, 2014 July 10, 2013
PRECIS Framework: Preparation and Comparison of Internationalized
Strings in Application Protocols
draft-ietf-precis-framework-09
Abstract
Application protocols using Unicode code points in protocol strings
need to properly prepare such strings in order to perform valid
comparison operations (e.g., for purposes of authentication or
authorization). This document defines a framework enabling
application protocols to perform the preparation and comparison of
internationalized strings (a.k.a. "PRECIS") in a way that depends on
the properties of Unicode code points and thus is agile with respect
to versions of Unicode. As a result, this framework provides a more
sustainable approach to the handling of internationalized strings
than the previous framework, known as Stringprep (RFC 3454). A
specification that reuses this framework can either directly use the
PRECIS string classes or subclass the PRECIS string classes as
needed. This framework takes an approach similar to the revised
internationalized domain names (IDNs) in applications (IDNA)
technology (RFC 5890, RFC 5891, RFC 5892, RFC 5893, RFC 5894) and
thus adheres to the high-level design goals described in the IAB's
recommendations regarding IDNs (RFC 4690), albeit for application
technologies other than the Domain Name System (DNS). This document
obsoletes RFC 3454.
Status of this Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
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This Internet-Draft will expire on January 11, 2014.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3. String Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2. Order of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.3. IdentifierClass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.4. FreeformClass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4. Use of PRECIS String Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.1. Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.2. Subclassing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.3. Building Application-Layer Constructs . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.4. A Note about Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5. Code Point Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6. Category Definitions Used to Calculate Derived Property
Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6.1. LetterDigits (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
6.2. Unstable (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
6.3. IgnorableProperties (C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
6.4. IgnorableBlocks (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
6.5. LDH (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
6.6. Exceptions (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
6.7. BackwardCompatible (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.8. JoinControl (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.9. OldHangulJamo (I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.10. Unassigned (J) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.11. ASCII7 (K) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.12. Controls (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.13. PrecisIgnorableProperties (M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.14. Spaces (N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.15. Symbols (O) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.16. Punctuation (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.17. HasCompat (Q) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.18. OtherLetterDigits (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7. Calculation of the Derived Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
8. Code Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
9. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
9.1. General Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
9.2. Use of the IdentifierClass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
9.3. Use of the FreeformClass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
9.4. Local Character Set Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
9.5. Visually Similar Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
9.6. Security of Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
10.1. PRECIS Derived Property Value Registry . . . . . . . . . . 27
10.2. PRECIS Base Classes Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
10.3. PRECIS Subclasses Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
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10.4. PRECIS Usage Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
11. Interoperability Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
12. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
12.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
12.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Appendix A. Codepoint Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Appendix B. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
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1. Introduction
As described in the problem statement for the preparation and
comparison of internationalized strings ("PRECIS") [RFC6885], many
IETF protocols have used the Stringprep framework [RFC3454] as the
basis for preparing and comparing protocol strings that contain
Unicode code points [UNICODE] outside the ASCII range [RFC20]. The
Stringprep framework was developed during work on the original
technology for internationalized domain names (IDNs), here called
"IDNA2003" [RFC3490], and Nameprep [RFC3491] was the Stringprep
profile for IDNs. At the time, Stringprep was designed as a general
framework so that other application protocols could define their own
Stringprep profiles for the preparation and comparison of strings and
identifiers. Indeed, a number of application protocols defined such
profiles.
After the publication of [RFC3454] in 2002, several significant
issues arose with the use of Stringprep in the IDN case, as
documented in the IAB's recommendations regarding IDNs [RFC4690]
(most significantly, Stringprep was tied to Unicode version 3.2).
Therefore, the newer IDNA specifications, here called "IDNA2008"
([RFC5890], [RFC5891], [RFC5892], [RFC5893], [RFC5894]), no longer
use Stringprep and Nameprep. This migration away from Stringprep for
IDNs has prompted other "customers" of Stringprep to consider new
approaches to the preparation and comparison of internationalized
strings (a.k.a. "PRECIS"), as described in [RFC6885].
This document defines a framework for a post-Stringprep approach to
the preparation and comparison of internationalized strings in
application protocols, based on several principles:
1. Define a small set of string classes appropriate for common
application protocol constructs such as usernames and free-form
strings.
2. Define each PRECIS string class in terms of Unicode code points
and their properties so that an algorithm can be used to
determine whether each code point or character category is valid,
disallowed, or unassigned.
3. Define string classes in terms of allowable code points, so that
any code point not explicitly allowed is forbidden.
4. Enable application protocols to subclass the PRECIS string
classes if needed, mainly to disallow particular code points that
are currently disallowed in the relevant application protocol
(e.g., characters with special or reserved meaning, such as "@"
and "/" when used as separators within identifiers).
5. Leave various mapping operations (e.g., case preservation or
lowercasing, Unicode normalization, mapping of certain characters
to other characters or to nothing, handling of full-width and
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half-width characters, handling of right-to-left characters) as
the responsibility of application protocols, as was done for
IDNA2008 through an IDNA-specific mapping document [RFC5895].
It is expected that this framework will yield the following benefits:
o Application protocols will be more version-agile with regard to
the Unicode database.
o Implementers will be able to share code point tables and software
code across application protocols, most likely by means of
software libraries.
o End users will be able to acquire more accurate expectations about
the code points that are acceptable in various contexts. Given
this more uniform set of string classes, it is also expected that
copy/paste operations between software implementing different
application protocols will be more predictable and coherent.
Although this framework is similar to IDNA2008 and borrows some of
the character categories defined in [RFC5892], it defines additional
string classes and character categories to meet the needs of common
application protocols.
2. Terminology
Many important terms used in this document are defined in [RFC5890],
[RFC6365], [RFC6885], and [UNICODE].
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
[RFC2119].
3. String Classes
3.1. Overview
IDNA2008 essentially defines a string class of internationalized
domain name (IDN), although it does not use the term "string class".
(This document does not define a string class for domain names, and
application protocols are strongly encouraged to use IDNA2008 as the
appropriate method to prepare domain names and hostnames.) Because
the IDN string class is designed to meet the particular requirements
of the Domain Name System (DNS), additional string classes are needed
for non-DNS applications.
Starting in 2010, various "customers" of Stringprep began to discuss
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the need to define a post-Stringprep approach to the preparation and
comparison of internationalized strings. As a result of analyzing
existing Stringprep profiles, this community concluded that most
existing uses could be addressed by two string classes:
IdentifierClass: a sequence of letters, numbers, and symbols that is
used to identify or address a network entity such as a user
account, a venue (e.g., a chatroom), an information source (e.g.,
a data feed), or a collection of data (e.g., a file); the intent
is that this class will be very safe for use in a wide variety of
application protocols, with the result that safety has been
prioritized over inclusiveness for this class.
FreeformClass: a sequence of letters, numbers, symbols, spaces, and
other code points that is used for free-form strings, including
passwords as well as display elements such as human-friendly
nicknames in chatrooms; the intent is that this class will allow
nearly any Unicode character, with the result that inclusiveness
has been prioritized over safety for this class (e.g., protocol
designers, application developers, service providers, and end
users might not understand or be able to enter all of the
characters that can be included in the FreeformClass).
Although members of the community discussed the possibility of
defining other PRECIS string classes (e.g., a class falling somewhere
between the IdentifierClass and the FreeformClass), they concluded
that the IdentifierClass would be a safe choice meeting the needs of
many or even most application protocols, and that protocols needing a
wider range of Unicode characters could use the FreeformClass
directly or subclass it if needed.
The following subsections discuss the IdentifierClass and
FreeformClass in more detail, with reference to the dimensions
described in Section 3 of [RFC6885]. (Naturally, future documents
can define PRECIS string classes beyond the IdentifierClass and
FreeformClass; see Section 10.2.) Each string class (or a particular
usage thereof) is defined by the following behavioral rules:
Valid: defines which code points and character categories are
treated as valid input to the string.
Disallowed: defines which code points and character categories are
treated as disallowed for the string.
Unassigned: defines application behavior in the presence of code
points that are unassigned, i.e. unknown for the version of
Unicode the application is built upon.
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Width Mapping: specifies if width mapping is performed on fullwidth
and halfwidth characters, and how the mapping is done (e.g.,
mapping fullwidth and halfwidth characters to their decomposition
equivalents).
Additional Mappings: specifies whether additional mappings are to be
applied, such as mapping of delimiter characters, mapping of
special characters (e.g., non-ASCII space characters to ASCII
space or certain characters to nothing), and case mapping based on
language and local context (see [I-D.ietf-precis-mappings]).
Case Mapping: specifies if case mapping is performed (instead of
case preservation) on uppercase and titlecase characters, and how
the mapping is done (e.g., mapping uppercase and titlecase
characters to their lowercase equivalents).
Normalization: defines which Unicode normalization form (D, KD, C,
or KC) is to be applied (see [UAX15]).
Directionality: defines application behavior in the presence of code
points that have directionality, in particular right-to-left code
points as defined in the Unicode database (see [UAX9]).
This document defines the valid, disallowed, and unassigned rules for
the IdentifierClass and FreeformClass. Application protocols that
use these string classes are responsible for defining the
normalization, case mapping, width mapping, and directionality rules,
as well as any additional mappings to be applied
3.2. Order of Operations
To ensure proper comparison, the following order of operations is
REQUIRED:
1. Width mapping
2. Additional mappings as specified in [I-D.ietf-precis-mappings]:
1. Delimiter mapping
2. Special mapping
3. Local case mapping
3. Non-local case mapping
4. Normalization
5. PRECIS protocol
3.3. IdentifierClass
Most application technologies need strings that can be used to refer
to, include, or communicate protocol strings like usernames, file
names, data feed identifiers, and chatroom names. We group such
strings into a class called "IdentifierClass" having the following
features.
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3.3.1. Valid
o Code points traditionally used as letters and numbers in writing
systems, i.e., the LetterDigits ("A") category first defined in
[RFC5892] and listed here under Section 6.1.
o Code points in the range U+0021 through U+007E, i.e., the
(printable) ASCII7 ("K") rule defined under Section 6.11. These
code points are "grandfathered" into PRECIS and thus are valid
even if they would otherwise be disallowed according to the
property-based rules specified in the next section.
Although the PRECIS IdentifierClass re-uses the LetterDigits category
from IDNA2008, the range of characters allowed in the IdentifierClass
is wider than the range of characters allowed in IDNA2008. The main
reason is that IDNA2008 applies the Unstable category before the
LetterDigits category, thus disallowing uppercase characters, whereas
the IdentifierClass does not apply the Unstable category.
3.3.2. Disallowed
o Control characters, i.e., the Controls ("L") category defined
under Section 6.12.
o Ignorable characters, i.e., the PrecisIgnorableProperties ("M")
category defined under Section 6.13.
o Space characters, i.e., the Spaces ("N") category defined under
Section 6.14.
o Symbol characters, i.e., the Symbols ("O") category defined under
Section 6.15.
o Punctuation characters, i.e., the Punctuation ("P") category
defined under Section 6.16.
o Any character that has a compatibility equivalent, i.e., the
HasCompat ("Q") category defined under Section 6.17. These code
points are disallowed even if they would otherwise be valid
according to the property-based rules specified in the previous
section.
o Letters and digits other than the "traditional" letters and digits
allowed in IDNs, i.e., the OtherLetterDigits ("R") category
defined under Section 6.18.
3.3.3. Unassigned
Any code points that are not yet assigned in the Unicode character
set SHALL be considered Unassigned for purposes of the
IdentifierClass.
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3.3.4. Width Mapping
The width mapping rule MUST be specified by each application protocol
that uses or subclasses the IdentifierClass.
3.3.5. Additional Mappings
Additional mapping rules (if any) MUST be specified by each
application protocol that uses or subclasses the IdentifierClass (see
[I-D.ietf-precis-mappings]).
3.3.6. Case Mapping
The case mapping rule MUST be specified by each application protocol
that uses or subclasses the IdentifierClass.
3.3.7. Normalization
The Unicode normalization form MUST be specified by each application
protocol that uses or subclasses the IdentifierClass.
However, in accordance with [RFC5198], normalization form C (NFC) is
RECOMMENDED.
3.3.8. Directionality
The directionality rule MUST be specified by each application
protocol that uses or subclasses the IdentifierClass.
3.4. FreeformClass
Some application technologies need strings that can be used in a
free-form way, e.g., as a password in an authentication exchange (see
[I-D.ietf-precis-saslprepbis] or a nickname in a chatroom (see
[I-D.ietf-precis-nickname]). We group such things into a class
called "FreeformClass" having the following features.
Note: Consult Section 9.6 for relevant security considerations when
strings conforming to the FreeformClass, or a subclass thereof, are
used as passwords.
3.4.1. Valid
o Traditional letters and numbers, i.e., the LetterDigits ("A")
category first defined in [RFC5892] and listed here under
Section 6.1.
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o Letters and digits other than the "traditional" letters and digits
allowed in IDNs, i.e., the OtherLetterDigits ("R") category
defined under Section 6.18.
o Code points in the range U+0021 through U+007E, i.e., the
(printable) ASCII7 ("K") rule defined under Section 6.11.
o Any character that has a compatibility equivalent, i.e., the
HasCompat ("Q") category defined under Section 6.17.
o Space characters, i.e., the Spaces ("N") category defined under
Section 6.14.
o Symbol characters, i.e., the Symbols ("O") category defined under
Section 6.15.
o Punctuation characters, i.e., the Punctuation ("P") category
defined under Section 6.16.
3.4.2. Disallowed
o Control characters, i.e., the Controls ("L") category defined
under Section 6.12.
o Ignorable characters, i.e., the PrecisIgnorableProperties ("M")
category defined under Section 6.13.
3.4.3. Unassigned
Any code points that are not yet assigned in the Unicode character
set SHALL be considered Unassigned for purposes of the FreeformClass.
3.4.4. Width Mapping
The width mapping rule MUST be specified by each application protocol
that uses or subclasses the FreeformClass.
Because one aspect of Unicode normalization form KC is width mapping,
a PRECIS usage or subclass that uses NFKC does not need to specify
width mapping. However, if NFC is used then the usage or subclass
needs to specify whether to apply width mapping; in this case, width
mapping is in general RECOMMENDED because allowing fullwidth and
halfwidth characters to remain unmapped to their decomposition
equivalents would violate the principle of least user surprise. For
more information about the concept of width in East Asian scripts
within Unicode, see for instance [UAX11].
3.4.5. Additional Mappings
Additional mapping rules (if any) MUST be specified by each
application protocol that uses or subclasses the FreeformClass (see
[I-D.ietf-precis-mappings]).
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3.4.6. Case Mapping
The case mapping rule MUST be specified by each application protocol
that uses or subclasses the FreeformClass.
In general, the combination of case preservation and case-insensitive
comparison of internationalized strings is NOT RECOMMENDED; instead,
application protocols SHOULD either (a) not preserve case but perform
case-insensitive comparison or (b) preserve case but perform case-
sensitive comparison.
In order to maximize entropy and minimize the potential for false
positives, it is NOT RECOMMENDED for application protocols to map
uppercase and titlecase code points to their lowercase equivalents
when strings conforming to the FreeformClass, or a subclass thereof,
are used in passwords; instead, it is RECOMMENDED to preserve the
case of all code points contained in such strings and then perform
case-sensitive comparison. See also the related discussion in
[I-D.ietf-precis-saslprepbis].
3.4.7. Normalization
The Unicode normalization form MUST be specified by each application
protocol that uses or subclasses the FreeformClass.
However, in accordance with [RFC5198], normalization form C (NFC) is
RECOMMENDED.
3.4.8. Directionality
The directionality rule MUST be specified by each application
protocol that uses or subclasses the FreeformClass.
4. Use of PRECIS String Classes
4.1. Principles
This document defines the valid, disallowed, and unassigned rules.
Application protocols that use the PRECIS string classes MUST define
the width mapping, additional mapping (if any), case mapping,
normalization, and directionality rules. That is, such definitions
MUST at a minimum specify the following:
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Width Mapping: Whether fullwidth and halfwidth code points are to be
mapped to their decomposition equivalents.
Additional Mappings: Whether additional mappings are to be applied,
such as mapping of delimiter characters, mapping of special
characters (e.g., non-ASCII space characters to ASCII space or
certain characters to nothing), and case mapping based on language
and local context (see [I-D.ietf-precis-mappings]).
Case Mapping: Whether uppercase and titlecase code points are to be
(a) preserved or (b) mapped to lowercase.
Normalization: Which Unicode normalization form (D, KD, C, or KC) is
to be applied (see [UAX15] for background information); in
accordance with [RFC5198], NFC is RECOMMENDED.
Directionality: Whether any instance of the class that contains a
right-to-left code point is to be considered a right-to-left
string, or whether some other rule is to be applied (e.g., the
"Bidi Rule" from [RFC5893]).
4.2. Subclassing
Application protocols are allowed to subclass the PRECIS string
classes specified in this document. As the word "subclass" implies,
a subclass MUST NOT add as valid any code points or character
categories that are disallowed by the relevant PRECIS string class.
However, a subclass MAY do either of the following:
1. Exclude specific code points that are included in the relevant
PRECIS string class.
2. Exclude characters matching certain Unicode properties (e.g.,
math symbols) that are included in the relevant PRECIS string
class.
As a result, code points that are defined as valid for the PRECIS
string class being subclassed will be defined as disallowed for the
subclass.
Application protocols that subclass the PRECIS string classes MUST
register with the IANA as described under Section 10.3.
It is RECOMMENDED for subclass names to be of the form
"SubclassBaseClass", where the "Subclass" string is a differentiator
and "BaseClass" is the name of the PRECIS string class being
subclassed; for example, the subclass of the IdentifierClass used for
localparts in the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)
is named "LocalpartIdentifierClass" [I-D.ietf-xmpp-6122bis].
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4.3. Building Application-Layer Constructs
Sometimes, an application-layer construct does not map directly to
one of the PRECIS string classes. Consider, for example, the "simple
user name" construct in the Simple Authentication and Security Layer
(SASL) [RFC4422]. Depending on the deployment, a simple user name
might take the form of a user's full name (e.g., the user's personal
name followed by a space and then the user's family name). Such a
simple user name cannot be defined as an instance of the
IdentifierClass, since space characters are not allowed in the
IdentifierClass; however, it could be defined using a space-separated
sequence of IdentifierClass instances, as in the following pseudo-
ABNF [RFC5234]:
fullname = namepart [1*(1*SP namepart)]
namepart = 1*(idpoint)
;
; an "idpoint" is a UTF-8 encoded Unicode code point
; that conforms to the PRECIS IdentifierClass
Similar techniques could be used to define many application-layer
constructs, say of the form "user@domain" or "/path/to/file".
4.4. A Note about Spaces
With regard to the IdentiferClass, the consensus of the PRECIS
Working Group was that spaces are problematic for many reasons,
including:
o Many Unicode characters are confusable with ASCII space.
o Even if non-ASCII space characters are mapped to ASCII space
(U+0020), space characters are often not rendered in user
interfaces, leading to the possibility that human user might
consider a string containing spaces to be equivalent to the same
string without spaces.
o In some locales, some devices are known to generate a character
other than ASCII space (such as ZERO WIDTH JOINER, U+200D) when a
user performs an action like hit the space bar on a keyboard.
One consequence of disallowing space characters in the
IdentifierClass might be to effectively discourage the use of ASCII
space (or, even more problematically, non-ASCII space characters)
within identifiers created in newer application protocols; given the
challenges involved in properly handling space characters in
identifiers and other protocol strings, the Working Group considered
this to be a feature, not a bug.
However, the FreeformClass does allow spaces, which enables
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application protocols to define subclasses of the FreeformClass that
are more flexible than any profiles of the IdentifierClass.
5. Code Point Properties
In order to implement the string classes described above, this
document does the following:
1. Reviews and classifies the collections of code points in the
Unicode character set by examining various code point properties.
2. Defines an algorithm for determining a derived property value,
which can vary depending on the string class being used by the
relevant application protocol.
This document is not intended to specify precisely how derived
property values are to be applied in protocol strings. That
information is the responsibility of the protocol specification that
uses or subclasses a PRECIS string class from this document.
The value of the property is to be interpreted as follows.
PROTOCOL VALID Those code points that are allowed to be used in any
PRECIS string class (IdentifierClass and FreeformClass). Code
points with this property value are permitted for general use in
any string class. The abbreviated term PVALID is used to refer to
this value in the remainder of this document.
SPECIFIC CLASS PROTOCOL VALID Those code points that are allowed to
be used in specific string classes. Code points with this
property value are permitted for use in specific string classes.
In the remainder of this document, the abbreviated term *_PVAL is
used, where * = (NAME | FREE), i.e., either FREE_PVAL or ID_PVAL.
CONTEXTUAL RULE REQUIRED Some characteristics of the character, such
as its being invisible in certain contexts or problematic in
others, require that it not be used in labels unless specific
other characters or properties are present. The abbreviated term
CONTEXT is used to refer to this value in the remainder of this
document. As in IDNA2008, there are two subdivisions of
CONTEXTUAL RULE REQUIRED, the first for Join_controls (called
CONTEXTJ) and the second for other characters (called CONTEXTO).
DISALLOWED Those code points that must not permitted in any PRECIS
string class.
SPECIFIC CLASS DISALLOWED Those code points that are not to be
included in a specific string class. Code points with this
property value are not permitted in one of the string classes but
might be permitted in others. In the remainder of this document,
the abbreviated term *_DIS is used, where * = (NAME | FREE), i.e.,
either FREE_DIS or ID_DIS.
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UNASSIGNED Those code points that are not designated (i.e. are
unassigned) in the Unicode Standard.
The mechanisms described here allow determination of the value of the
property for future versions of Unicode (including characters added
after Unicode 5.2 or 6.1 depending on the category, since some
categories in this document are reused from IDNA2008 and therefore
were defined at the time of Unicode 5.2). Changes in Unicode
properties that do not affect the outcome of this process do not
affect this framework. For example, a character can have its Unicode
General_Category value [UNICODE] change from So to Sm, or from Lo to
Ll, without affecting the algorithm results. Moreover, even if such
changes were to result, the BackwardCompatible list (Section 6.7) can
be adjusted to ensure the stability of the results.
Some code points need to be allowed in exceptional circumstances, but
ought to be excluded in all other cases; these rules are also
described in other documents. The most notable of these are the Join
Control characters, U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER and U+200C ZERO WIDTH
NON-JOINER. Both of them have the derived property value CONTEXTJ.
A character with the derived property value CONTEXTJ or CONTEXTO
(CONTEXTUAL RULE REQUIRED) is not to be used unless an appropriate
rule has been established and the context of the character is
consistent with that rule. It is invalid to generate a string
containing these characters unless such a contextual rule is found
and satisfied. PRECIS does not define its own contextual rules, but
instead re-uses the contextual rules defined for IDNA2008; please see
Appendix A of [RFC5892] for more information.
6. Category Definitions Used to Calculate Derived Property Value
The derived property obtains its value based on a two-step procedure:
1. Characters are placed in one or more character categories either
(1) based on core properties defined by the Unicode Standard or
(2) by treating the code point as an exception and addressing the
code point based on its code point value. These categories are
not mutually exclusive.
2. Set operations are used with these categories to determine the
values for a property that is specific to a given string class.
These operations are specified under Section 7.
(Note: Unicode property names and property value names might have
short abbreviations, such as "gc" for the General_Category property
and "Ll" for the Lowercase_Letter property value of the gc property.)
In the following specification of character categories, the operation
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that returns the value of a particular Unicode character property for
a code point is designated by using the formal name of that property
(from the Unicode PropertyAliases.txt [1]) followed by '(cp)' for
"code point". For example, the value of the General_Category
property for a code point is indicated by General_Category(cp).
The first ten categories (A-J) shown below were previously defined
for IDNA2008 and are copied directly from [RFC5892]. Some of these
categories are reused in PRECIS and some of them are not; however,
the lettering of categories is retained to prevent overlap and to
ease implementation of both IDNA2008 and PRECIS in a single software
application. The next seven categories (K-Q) are specific to PRECIS.
6.1. LetterDigits (A)
Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and copied here for use
in PRECIS.
A: General_Category(cp) is in {Ll, Lu, Lm, Lo, Mn, Mc, Nd}
These rules identify characters commonly used in mnemonics and often
informally described as "language characters".
For more information, see section 4.5 of [UNICODE].
The categories used in this rule are:
o Ll - Lowercase_Letter
o Lu - Uppercase_Letter
o Lm - Modifier_Letter
o Lo - Other_Letter
o Mn - Nonspacing_Mark
o Mc - Spacing_Mark
o Nd - Decimal_Number
6.2. Unstable (B)
Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] but not used in PRECIS.
6.3. IgnorableProperties (C)
Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] but not used in PRECIS.
See the "PrecisIgnorableProperties (M)" category below for a more
inclusive category used in PRECIS identifiers.
6.4. IgnorableBlocks (D)
Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] but not used in PRECIS.
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6.5. LDH (E)
Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] but not used in PRECIS.
See the "ASCII7 (K)" category below for a more inclusive category
used in PRECIS identifiers.
6.6. Exceptions (F)
Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and used in PRECIS to
ensure consistent treatment of the relevant code points.
F: cp is in {00B7, 00DF, 0375, 03C2, 05F3, 05F4, 0640, 0660,
0661, 0662, 0663, 0664, 0665, 0666, 0667, 0668,
0669, 06F0, 06F1, 06F2, 06F3, 06F4, 06F5, 06F6,
06F7, 06F8, 06F9, 06FD, 06FE, 07FA, 0F0B, 3007,
302E, 302F, 3031, 3032, 3033, 3034, 3035, 303B,
30FB}
This category explicitly lists code points for which the category
cannot be assigned using only the core property values that exist in
the Unicode standard. The values are according to the table below:
PVALID -- Would otherwise have been DISALLOWED
00DF; PVALID # LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S
03C2; PVALID # GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA
06FD; PVALID # ARABIC SIGN SINDHI AMPERSAND
06FE; PVALID # ARABIC SIGN SINDHI POSTPOSITION MEN
0F0B; PVALID # TIBETAN MARK INTERSYLLABIC TSHEG
3007; PVALID # IDEOGRAPHIC NUMBER ZERO
CONTEXTO -- Would otherwise have been DISALLOWED
00B7; CONTEXTO # MIDDLE DOT
0375; CONTEXTO # GREEK LOWER NUMERAL SIGN (KERAIA)
05F3; CONTEXTO # HEBREW PUNCTUATION GERESH
05F4; CONTEXTO # HEBREW PUNCTUATION GERSHAYIM
30FB; CONTEXTO # KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT
CONTEXTO -- Would otherwise have been PVALID
0660; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ZERO
0661; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ONE
0662; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT TWO
0663; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT THREE
0664; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FOUR
0665; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FIVE
0666; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SIX
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0667; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SEVEN
0668; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT EIGHT
0669; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT NINE
06F0; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ZERO
06F1; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ONE
06F2; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT TWO
06F3; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT THREE
06F4; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FOUR
06F5; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FIVE
06F6; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SIX
06F7; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SEVEN
06F8; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT EIGHT
06F9; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT NINE
DISALLOWED -- Would otherwise have been PVALID
0640; DISALLOWED # ARABIC TATWEEL
07FA; DISALLOWED # NKO LAJANYALAN
302E; DISALLOWED # HANGUL SINGLE DOT TONE MARK
302F; DISALLOWED # HANGUL DOUBLE DOT TONE MARK
3031; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK
3032; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL KANA REPEAT WITH VOICED SOUND MARK
3033; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK UPPER HALF
3034; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL KANA REPEAT WITH VOICED SOUND MARK
UPPER HA
3035; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK LOWER HALF
303B; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL IDEOGRAPHIC ITERATION MARK
6.7. BackwardCompatible (G)
Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and copied here for use
in PRECIS. Because of how the PRECIS string classes are defined,
only changes that would result in code points being added to or
removed from the LetterDigits ("A") category would result in
backward-incompatible modifications to code point assignments.
Therefore, management of this category is handled via the processes
specified in [RFC5892].
G: cp is in {}
This category includes the code points for which property values in
versions of Unicode after 5.2 have changed in such a way that the
derived property value would no longer be PVALID or DISALLOWED. If
changes are made to future versions of Unicode so that code points
might change property value from PVALID or DISALLOWED, then this
table can be updated and keep special exception values so that the
property values for code points stay stable.
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6.8. JoinControl (H)
Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and copied here for use
in PRECIS.
H: Join_Control(cp) = True
This category consists of Join Control characters (i.e., they are not
in LetterDigits (Section 6.1) but are still required in strings under
some circumstances).
6.9. OldHangulJamo (I)
Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and copied here for use
in PRECIS.
I: Hangul_Syllable_Type(cp) is in {L, V, T}
This category consists of all conjoining Hangul Jamo (Leading Jamo,
Vowel Jamo, and Trailing Jamo).
Elimination of conjoining Hangul Jamos from the set of PVALID
characters results in restricting the set of Korean PVALID characters
just to preformed, modern Hangul syllable characters. Old Hangul
syllables, which must be spelled with sequences of conjoining Hangul
Jamos, are not PVALID for string classes.
6.10. Unassigned (J)
Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and copied here for use
in PRECIS.
J: General_Category(cp) is in {Cn} and
Noncharacter_Code_Point(cp) = False
This category consists of code points in the Unicode character set
that are not (yet) assigned. It should be noted that Unicode
distinguishes between 'unassigned code points' and 'unassigned
characters'. The unassigned code points are all but (Cn -
Noncharacters), while the unassigned *characters* are all but (Cn +
Cs).
6.11. ASCII7 (K)
This PRECIS-specific category exempts most characters in the
(printable) ASCII-7 range from other rules that might be applied
during PRECIS processing, on the assumption that these code points
are in such wide use that disallowing them would be counter-
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productive.
K: cp is in {0021..007E}
6.12. Controls (L)
L: Control(cp) = True
6.13. PrecisIgnorableProperties (M)
This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that are
not recommended for use in PRECIS string classes.
M: Default_Ignorable_Code_Point(cp) = True or
Noncharacter_Code_Point(cp) = True
The definition for Default_Ignorable_Code_Point can be found in the
DerivedCoreProperties.txt [2] file, and at the time of Unicode 6.1 is
as follows:
Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point
+ Cf (Format characters)
+ Variation_Selector
- White_Space
- FFF9..FFFB (Annotation Characters)
- 0600..0604, 06DD, 070F, 110BD (exceptional Cf characters
that should be visible)
6.14. Spaces (N)
This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that are
space characters.
N: General_Category(cp) is in {Zs}
6.15. Symbols (O)
This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that are
symbols.
O: General_Category(cp) is in {Sm, Sc, Sk, So}
6.16. Punctuation (P)
This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that are
punctuation characters.
P: General_Category(cp) is in {Pc, Pd, Ps, Pe, Pi, Pf, Po}
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6.17. HasCompat (Q)
This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that have
compatibility equivalents as explained in Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 of
[UNICODE].
Q: toNFKC(cp) != cp
The toNFKC() operation returns the code point in normalization form
KC. For more information, see Section 5 of [UAX15].
6.18. OtherLetterDigits (R)
This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that are
letters and digits other than the "traditional" letters and digits
grouped under the LetterDigits (A) class (see Section 6.1).
R: General_Category(cp) is in {Lt, Nl, No, Me}
7. Calculation of the Derived Property
Possible values of the derived property are:
o PVALID
o ID_PVAL
o FREE_PVAL
o CONTEXTJ
o CONTEXTO
o DISALLOWED
o ID_DIS
o FREE_DIS
o UNASSIGNED
Note: The value of the derived property calculated can depend on the
string class; for example, if an identifier used in an application
protocol is defined as using or subclassing the PRECIS
IdentifierClass then a space character such as U+0020 would be
assigned to ID_DIS, whereas if an identifier is defined as using or
subclassing the PRECIS FreeformClass then the character would be
assigned to FREE_PVAL. For the sake of brevity, the designation
"FREE_PVAL" is used in the code point tables, instead of the longer
designation "ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL". In practice, the derived
properties ID_PVAL and FREE_DIS are not used in this specification,
since every ID_PVAL code point is PVALID and every FREE_DIS code
point is DISALLOWED.
The algorithm to calculate the value of the derived property is as
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follows. (Note: Use of the name of a rule (such as "Exception")
implies the set of code points that the rule defines, whereas the
same name as a function call (such as "Exception(cp)") implies the
value that the code point has in the Exceptions table.)
If .cp. .in. Exceptions Then Exceptions(cp);
Else If .cp. .in. BackwardCompatible Then BackwardCompatible(cp);
Else If .cp. .in. Unassigned Then UNASSIGNED;
Else If .cp. .in. ASCII7 Then PVALID;
Else If .cp. .in. JoinControl Then CONTEXTJ;
Else If .cp. .in. OldHangulJamo Then DISALLOWED;
Else If .cp. .in. PrecisIgnorableProperties Then DISALLOWED;
Else If .cp. .in. Controls Then DISALLOWED;
Else If .cp. .in. HasCompat Then ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL;
Else If .cp. .in. LetterDigits Then PVALID;
Else If .cp. .in. OtherLetterDigits Then ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL;
Else If .cp. .in. Spaces Then ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL;
Else If .cp. .in. Symbols Then ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL;
Else If .cp. .in. Punctuation Then ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL;
Else DISALLOWED;
8. Code Points
The Categories and Rules defined under Section 6 and Section 7 apply
to all Unicode code points. The table in Appendix A shows, for
illustrative purposes, the consequences of the categories and
classification rules, and the resulting property values.
The list of code points that can be found in Appendix A is non-
normative. Instead, the rules defined by Section 6 and Section 7 are
normative, and any tables are derived from the rules.
9. Security Considerations
9.1. General Issues
The security of applications that use this framework can depend in
part on the proper preparation and comparison of internationalized
strings. For example, such strings can be used to make
authentication and authorization decisions, and the security of an
application could be compromised if an entity providing a given
string is connected to the wrong account or online resource based on
different interpretations of the string.
Specifications of application protocols that use this framework are
encouraged to describe how internationalized strings are used in the
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protocol, including the security implications of any false positives
and false negatives that might result from various comparison
operations. For some helpful guidelines, refer to [RFC6943],
[RFC5890], [UTR36], and [UTR39].
9.2. Use of the IdentifierClass
Strings that conform to the IdentifierClass and any subclass thereof
are intended to be relatively safe for use in a broad range of
applications, primarily because they include only letters, digits,
and "grandfathered" non-space characters from the ASCII range; thus
they exclude spaces, characters with compatibility equivalents, and
almost all symbols and punctuation marks. However, because such
strings can still include so-called confusable characters (see
Section 9.5, protocol designers and implementers are encouraged to
pay close attention to the security considerations described
elsewhere in this document.
9.3. Use of the FreeformClass
Strings that conform to the FreeformClass and many subclasses thereof
can include virtually any Unicode character. This makes the
FreeformClass quite expressive, but also problematic from the
perspective of possible user confusion. Protocol designers are
hereby warned that the FreeformClass contains codepoints they might
not understand, and are encouraged to use or subclass the
IdentifierClass wherever feasible; however, if an application
protocol requires more code points than are allowed by the
IdentifierClass, protocol designers are encouraged to define a
subclass of the FreeformClass that restricts the allowable code
points as tightly as possible. (The working group considered the
option of allowing superclasses as well as subclasses of PRECIS
string classes, but decided against allowing superclasses to reduce
the likelihood of security and interoperability problems.)
9.4. Local Character Set Issues
When systems use local character sets other than ASCII and Unicode,
these specifications leave the problem of converting between the
local character set and Unicode up to the application or local
system. If different applications (or different versions of one
application) implement different rules for conversions among coded
character sets, they could interpret the same name differently and
contact different application servers or other network entities.
This problem is not solved by security protocols, such as Transport
Layer Security (TLS) [RFC5246] and the Simple Authentication and
Security Layer (SASL) [RFC4422], that do not take local character
sets into account.
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9.5. Visually Similar Characters
Some characters are visually similar and thus can cause confusion
among humans. Such characters are often called "confusable
characters" or "confusables".
The problem of confusable characters is not necessarily caused by the
use of Unicode code points outside the ASCII range. For example, in
some presentations and to some individuals the string "ju1iet"
(spelled with the Arabic numeral one as the third character) might
appear to be the same as "juliet" (spelled with the lowercase version
of the letter "L"), especially on casual visual inspection. This
phenomenon is sometimes called "typejacking".
However, the problem is made more serious by introducing the full
range of Unicode code points into protocol strings. For example, the
characters U+13DA U+13A2 U+13B5 U+13AC U+13A2 U+13AC U+13D2 from the
Cherokee block look similar to the ASCII characters "STPETER" as they
might look when presented using a "creative" font family.
In some examples of confusable characters, it is unlikely that the
average human could tell the difference between the real string and
the fake string. (Indeed, there is no programmatic way to
distinguish with full certainty which is the fake string and which is
the real string; in some contexts, the string formed of Cherokee
characters might be the real string and the string formed of ASCII
characters might be the fake string.) Because PRECIS-compliant
strings can contain almost any properly-encoded Unicode code point,
it can be relatively easy to fake or mimic some strings in systems
that use the PRECIS framework. The fact that some strings are easily
confused introduces security vulnerabilities of the kind that have
also plagued the World Wide Web, specifically the phenomenon known as
phishing.
Despite the fact that some specific suggestions about identification
and handling of confusable characters appear in the Unicode Security
Considerations [UTR36], it is also true (as noted in [RFC5890]) that
"there are no comprehensive technical solutions to the problems of
confusable characters". Because it is impossible to map visually
similar characters without a great deal of context (such as knowing
the font families used), the PRECIS framework does nothing to map
similar-looking characters together, nor does it prohibit some
characters because they look like others.
Nevertheless, specifications for application protocols that use this
framework MUST describe how confusable characters can be used to
compromise the security of systems that use the protocol in question,
along with any protocol-specific suggestions for overcoming those
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threats. In particular, software implementations and service
deployments that use PRECIS-based technologies are strongly
encouraged to define and implement consistent policies regarding the
registration, storage, and presentation of visually similar
characters. The following recommendations are appropriate:
1. An application service SHOULD define a policy that specifies the
scripts or blocks of characters that the service will allow to be
registered (e.g., in an account name) or stored (e.g., in a file
name). Such a policy SHOULD be informed by the languages and
scripts that are used to write registered account names; in
particular, to reduce confusion, the service SHOULD forbid
registration or storage of stings that contain characters from
more than one script and SHOULD restrict registrations to
characters drawn from a very small number of scripts (e.g.,
scripts that are well-understood by the administrators of the
service, to improve manageability).
2. User-oriented application software SHOULD define a policy that
specifies how internationalized strings will be presented to a
human user. Because every human user of such software has a
preferred language or a small set of preferred languages, the
software SHOULD gather that information either explicitly from
the user or implicitly via the operating system of the user's
device. Furthermore, because most languages are typically
represented by a single script or a small set of scripts, and
because most scripts are typically contained in one or more
blocks of characters, the software SHOULD warn the user when
presenting a string that mixes characters from more than one
script or block, or that uses characters outside the normal range
of the user's preferred language(s). (Such a recommendation is
not intended to discourage communication across different
communities of language users; instead, it recognizes the
existence of such communities and encourages due caution when
presenting unfamiliar scripts or characters to human users.)
9.6. Security of Passwords
Two goals of passwords are to maximize the amount of entropy and to
minimize the potential for false positives. These goals can be
achieved in part by allowing a wide range of code points and by
ensuring that passwords are handled in such a way that code points
are not compared aggressively. Therefore, it is NOT RECOMMENDED for
application protocols to subclass the FreeformClass for use in
passwords in a way that removes entire categories (e.g., by
disallowing symbols or punctuation). Furthermore, it is NOT
RECOMMENDED for application protocols to map uppercase and titlecase
code points to their lowercase equivalents in such strings; instead,
it is RECOMMENDED to preserve the case of all code points contained
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in such strings and to compare them in a case-sensitive manner.
That said, software implementers need to be aware that there exist
tradeoffs between entropy and usability. For example, allowing a
user to establish a password containing "uncommon" code points might
make it difficult for the user to access a service when using an
unfamiliar or constrained input device.
Some application protocols use passwords directly, whereas others
reuse technologies that themselves process passwords (one example of
such a technology is the Simple Authentication and Security Layer
[RFC4422]). Moreover, passwords are often carried by a sequence of
protocols with backend authentication systems or data storage systems
such as RADIUS [RFC2865] and LDAP [RFC4510]. Developers of
application protocols are encouraged to look into reusing these
profiles instead of defining new ones, so that end-user expectations
about passwords are consistent no matter which application protocol
is used.
10. IANA Considerations
10.1. PRECIS Derived Property Value Registry
IANA is requested to create a PRECIS-specific registry with the
Derived Properties for the versions of Unicode that are released
after (and including) version 6.1. The derived property value is to
be calculated in cooperation with a designated expert [RFC5226]
according to the rules specified under Section 6 and Section 7, not
by copying the non-normative table found under Appendix A.
The IESG is to be notified if backward-incompatible changes to the
table of derived properties are discovered or if other problems arise
during the process of creating the table of derived property values
or during expert review. Changes to the rules defined under
Section 6 and Section 7) require IETF Review, as described in
[RFC5226].
10.2. PRECIS Base Classes Registry
IANA is requested to create a registry of PRECIS string classes. In
accordance with [RFC5226], the registration policy is "RFC Required".
The registration template is as follows:
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Base Class: [the name of the PRECIS string class]
Description: [a brief description of the PRECIS string class and its
intended use, e.g., "A sequence of letters, numbers, and symbols
that is used to identify or address a network entity."]
Width Mapping: [the behavioral rule for handling of width, e.g.,
"Map fullwidth and halfwidth characters to their decomposition
equivalents."]
Additional Mappings: [any additional mappings are required or
recommended, e.g., "Map non-ASCII space characters to ASCII
space."; or "Application Specific" if to be defined by protocols
that use the PRECIS string class]
Case Mapping: [the behavioral rule for handling of case, e.g., "Map
uppercase and titlecase characters to lowercase."; or "Application
Specific" if to be defined by protocols that use the PRECIS string
class]
Normalization: [which Unicode normalization form is applied, e.g.,
"NFC"; or "Application Specific" if to be defined by protocols
that use the PRECIS string class]
Directionality: [the behavioral rule for handling of right-to-left
code points, e.g., "The 'Bidi Rule' defined in RFC 5893 applies.";
or "Application Specific" if to be defined by protocols that use
the PRECIS string class]
Specification: [the RFC number]
The initial registrations are as follows:
Base Class: FreeformClass.
Description: A sequence of letters, numbers, symbols, spaces, and
other code points that is used for free-form strings.
Width Mapping: Application Specific.
Additional Mappings: Application Specific.
Case Mapping: Application Specific.
Normalization: Application Specific.
Directionality: Application Specific.
Specification: RFC XXXX. [Note to RFC Editor: please change XXXX to
the number issued for this specification.]
Base Class: IdentifierClass.
Description: A sequence of letters, numbers, and symbols that is
used to identify or address a network entity.
Width Mapping: Application Specific.
Additional Mappings: Application Specific.
Case Mapping: Application Specific.
Normalization: Application Specific.
Directionality: Application Specific.
Specification: RFC XXXX. [Note to RFC Editor: please change XXXX to
the number issued for this specification.]
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10.3. PRECIS Subclasses Registry
IANA is requested to create a registry of subclasses that use the
PRECIS string classes. In accordance with [RFC5226], the
registration policy is "Expert Review". This policy was chosen in
order to ensure that "customers" of PRECIS receive appropriate
guidance regarding the sometimes complex and subtle
internationalization issues related to subclassing of PRECIS string
classes.
The registration template is as follows:
Subclass: [the name of the subclass]
Base Class: [which PRECIS string class is being subclassed]
Exclusions: [a brief description of the specific code points that
are excluded or of the properties based on which characters are
excluded, e.g., "Eight legacy characters in the ASCII range" or
"Any character that has a compatibility equivalent, i.e., the
HasCompat category"]
Specification: [a pointer to relevant documentation, such as an RFC
or Internet-Draft]
In order to request a review, the registrant shall send a completed
template to the precis@ietf.org list or its designated successor.
Factors to focus on while reviewing subclass registrations include
the following:
o Is the problem well-defined?
o Is it clear what applications will use this subclass?
o Would an existing PRECIS string class or subclass solve the
problem?
o Are the defined exclusions a reasonable solution to the problem
for the relevant applications?
o Is the subclass clearly defined?
o Does the subclass reduce the degree to which human users could be
surprised by application behavior (the "principle of least user
surprise")?
o Is the subclass based on an appropriate dividing line between user
interface (culture, context, intent, locale, device limitations,
etc.) and the use of conformant strings in protocol elements?
o Does the subclass introduce any new security concerns (e.g., false
positives for authentication or authorization)?
10.4. PRECIS Usage Registry
IANA is requested to create a registry of application protocols that
use the PRECIS string classes. The registry will include one entry
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for each use (e.g., if a protocol uses both the IdentifierClass and
the FreeformClass then the specification for that protocol would
submit two registrations). In accordance with [RFC5226], the
registration policy is "Expert Review". This policy was chosen in
order to ensure that "customers" of PRECIS receive appropriate
guidance regarding the sometimes complex and subtle
internationalization issues related to use of PRECIS string classes.
The registration template is as follows:
Applicability: [the specific protocol elements to which this usage
applies, e.g., "Localparts in XMPP addresses."]
Base Class: [the PRECIS string class that is being used or
subclassed]
Subclass: [whether the protocol has defined a subclass of the PRECIS
string class and, if so, the name of the subclass, e.g., "Yes,
LocalpartIdentifierClass."]
Replaces: [the Stringprep profile that this PRECIS usage replaces,
if any]
Width Mapping: [the behavioral rule for handling of width, e.g.,
"Map fullwidth and halfwidth characters to their decomposition
equivalents."]
Additional Mappings: [any additional mappings are required or
recommended, e.g., "Map non-ASCII space characters to ASCII
space."]
Case Mapping: [the behavioral rule for handling of case, e.g., "Map
uppercase and titlecase characters to lowercase."]
Normalization: [which Unicode normalization form is applied, e.g.,
"NFC"]
Directionality: [the behavioral rule for handling of right-to-left
code points, e.g., "The 'Bidi Rule' defined in RFC 5893 applies."]
Specification: [a pointer to relevant documentation, such as an RFC
or Internet-Draft]
In order to request a review, the registrant shall send a completed
template to the precis@ietf.org list or its designated successor.
Factors to focus on while reviewing usage registrations include the
following:
o Does the specification define what kinds of applications are
involved and the protocol elements to which this usage applies?
o Is there a PRECIS string class or subclass that would be more
appropriate to use?
o Are the normalization, case mapping, width mapping, additional
mapping, and directionality rules appropriate for the intended
use?
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o Does the usage reduce the degree to which human users could be
surprised by application behavior (the "principle of least user
surprise")?
o Is the usage based on an appropriate dividing line between user
interface (culture, context, intent, locale, device limitations,
etc.) and the use of conformant strings in protocol elements?
o Does the usage introduce any new security concerns (e.g., false
positives for authentication or authorization)?
11. Interoperability Considerations
Although strings that are consumed in PRECIS-based application
protocols are often encoded using UTF-8 [RFC3629], the exact encoding
is a matter for the application protocol that reuses PRECIS, not for
the PRECIS framework.
It is known that some existing systems are unable to support the full
Unicode character set, or even any characters outside the ASCII
range. If two (or more) applications need to interoperate when
exchanging data (e.g., for the purpose of authenticating a username
or password), they will naturally need have in common at least one
coded character set (as defined by [RFC6365]). Establishing such a
baseline is a matter for the application protocol that reuses PRECIS,
not for the PRECIS framework.
12. References
12.1. Normative References
[I-D.ietf-precis-mappings]
Yoneya, Y. and T. NEMOTO, "Mapping characters for precis
classes", draft-ietf-precis-mappings-02 (work in
progress), May 2013.
[RFC20] Cerf, V., "ASCII format for network interchange", RFC 20,
October 1969.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC5198] Klensin, J. and M. Padlipsky, "Unicode Format for Network
Interchange", RFC 5198, March 2008.
[UNICODE] The Unicode Consortium, "The Unicode Standard, Version
6.2", 2012,
<http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.2.0/>.
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12.2. Informative References
[I-D.ietf-precis-nickname]
Saint-Andre, P., "Preparation and Comparison of
Nicknames", draft-ietf-precis-nickname-06 (work in
progress), July 2013.
[I-D.ietf-precis-saslprepbis]
Saint-Andre, P. and A. Melnikov, "Username and Password
Preparation Algorithms", draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-02
(work in progress), April 2013.
[I-D.ietf-xmpp-6122bis]
Saint-Andre, P., "Extensible Messaging and Presence
Protocol (XMPP): Address Format",
draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis-07 (work in progress), April 2013.
[RFC2865] Rigney, C., Willens, S., Rubens, A., and W. Simpson,
"Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)",
RFC 2865, June 2000.
[RFC3454] Hoffman, P. and M. Blanchet, "Preparation of
Internationalized Strings ("stringprep")", RFC 3454,
December 2002.
[RFC3490] Faltstrom, P., Hoffman, P., and A. Costello,
"Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)",
RFC 3490, March 2003.
[RFC3491] Hoffman, P. and M. Blanchet, "Nameprep: A Stringprep
Profile for Internationalized Domain Names (IDN)",
RFC 3491, March 2003.
[RFC3629] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO
10646", STD 63, RFC 3629, November 2003.
[RFC4422] Melnikov, A. and K. Zeilenga, "Simple Authentication and
Security Layer (SASL)", RFC 4422, June 2006.
[RFC4510] Zeilenga, K., "Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
(LDAP): Technical Specification Road Map", RFC 4510,
June 2006.
[RFC4690] Klensin, J., Faltstrom, P., Karp, C., and IAB, "Review and
Recommendations for Internationalized Domain Names
(IDNs)", RFC 4690, September 2006.
[RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
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IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
May 2008.
[RFC5234] Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
Specifications: ABNF", STD 68, RFC 5234, January 2008.
[RFC5246] Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security
(TLS) Protocol Version 1.2", RFC 5246, August 2008.
[RFC5890] Klensin, J., "Internationalized Domain Names for
Applications (IDNA): Definitions and Document Framework",
RFC 5890, August 2010.
[RFC5891] Klensin, J., "Internationalized Domain Names in
Applications (IDNA): Protocol", RFC 5891, August 2010.
[RFC5892] Faltstrom, P., "The Unicode Code Points and
Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA)",
RFC 5892, August 2010.
[RFC5893] Alvestrand, H. and C. Karp, "Right-to-Left Scripts for
Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA)",
RFC 5893, August 2010.
[RFC5894] Klensin, J., "Internationalized Domain Names for
Applications (IDNA): Background, Explanation, and
Rationale", RFC 5894, August 2010.
[RFC5895] Resnick, P. and P. Hoffman, "Mapping Characters for
Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)
2008", RFC 5895, September 2010.
[RFC6365] Hoffman, P. and J. Klensin, "Terminology Used in
Internationalization in the IETF", BCP 166, RFC 6365,
September 2011.
[RFC6885] Blanchet, M. and A. Sullivan, "Stringprep Revision and
Problem Statement for the Preparation and Comparison of
Internationalized Strings (PRECIS)", RFC 6885, March 2013.
[RFC6943] Thaler, D., "Issues in Identifier Comparison for Security
Purposes", RFC 6943, May 2013.
[UAX9] The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Standard Annex #9:
Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm", September 2012,
<http://unicode.org/reports/tr9/>.
[UAX11] The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Standard Annex #11: East
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Asian Width", September 2012,
<http://unicode.org/reports/tr11/>.
[UAX15] The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Standard Annex #15:
Unicode Normalization Forms", August 2012,
<http://unicode.org/reports/tr15/>.
[UTR36] The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Technical Report #36:
Unicode Security Considerations", July 2012,
<http://unicode.org/reports/tr36/>.
[UTR39] The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Technical Report #39:
Unicode Security Mechanisms", July 2012,
<http://unicode.org/reports/tr39/>.
URIs
[1] <http://unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/PropertyAliases.txt>
[2] <http://unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedCoreProperties.txt>
Appendix A. Codepoint Table
WARNING: The following table is provisional and is still being
verified!
If one applies the property calculation rules from Section 7 to the
code points 0x0000 to 0x10FFFF in Unicode 6.2, the result is as shown
in the following table, in Unicode Character Database (UCD) format.
The columns of the table are as follows:
1. The code point or codepoint range.
2. The assignment for the code point or range, where the value is
one of PVALID, DISALLOWED, UNASSIGNED, CONTEXTO, CONTEXTJ, or
FREE_PVAL (which includes ID_DIS).
3. The name or names for the code point or range.
This table is non-normative, is included only for illustrative
purposes, and applies only to Unicode 6.2, not to past or future
versions of Unicode. Please note that the strings displayed in the
third column are not necessarily the formal name of the code point
(as defined in [UNICODE]) because the fixed width of the RFC format
necessitated truncation of many names.
0000..001F ; DISALLOWED # <control>
0020 ; FREE_PVAL # SPACE
0021..007E ; PVALID # EXCLAM MARK .. TILDE
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007F..009F ; DISALLOWED # <control>
00A0..00AC ; FREE_PVAL # NO-BREAK SPACE .. NOT SIGN
00AD ; DISALLOWED # SOFT HYPH
00AE..00B6 ; FREE_PVAL # REGISTERED SIGN .. PILCROW SIGN
00B7 ; CONTEXTO # MIDDLE DOT
00B8..00BF ; FREE_PVAL # CEDILLA..INV QUEST IND
00C0..00D6 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET A W GRAV..LAT CAP O
00D7 ; FREE_PVAL # MULTIPLICATION SIGN
00D8..00F6 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET O W STROKE..LAT SM
00F7 ; FREE_PVAL # DIVISION SIGN
00F8..0131 ; PVALID # LAT SM LET O W STROKE..LAT SM LET
0132..0133 ; FREE_PVAL # LAT CAP LIG IJ..LAT SM LIB IJ
0134..013E ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET J W CIRCUM..LAT SM LET
013F..0140 ; FREE_PVAL # LAT CAP LET L W MID DOT..LAT SM LET
0141..0148 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET L W STROKE..LAT SM LET
0149 ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SM LET N PRECEDED BY APOS
014A..017E ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET ENG..LAT SM LET Z W CA
017F ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SM LET LONG S
0180..01C3 ; PVALID # LAT SM LET B W STROKE..LAT LET RETR
01C4..01CC ; FREE_PVAL # LAT CAP LET DZ W CARON..LAT SM
01CD..01F0 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET A W CARON..LAT SM LET J
01F1..01F3 ; FREE_PVAL # LAT CAP LET DZ..LAT SM LET DZ
01F4..02AF ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET G W ACUTE..LAT SM
02B0..02B8 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET SM H..MOD LET SM Y
02B9..02C1 ; PVALID # MOD LET PRIME..MOD LET REV GLOT ST
02C2..02C5 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET L ARROW..MOD LET D ARROW
02C6..02D1 ; PVALID # MOD LET CIRCUM ACC..MOD LET HALF TR
02D2..02EB ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CENT R HALF RING..MOD LET Y
02EC ; PVALID # MOD LET VOICING
02ED ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET UNASPIRATED
02EE ; PVALID # MOD LET DOUBLE APOS
02EF..02FF ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET LOW D ARR..MOD LET LOW L AR
0300..034E ; PVALID # COMB GRAVE ACCENT..COMB UP ARROW BE
034F ; DISALLOWED # COMB GRAPHEME JOINER
0350..0374 ; PVALID # COMB RIGHT ARROWHEAD..GREEK NUM SIG
0375 ; CONTEXTO # GREEK LOW NUM SIGN
0376..0377 ; PVALID # GR CAP LET PAMPHYLIAN DIGAMMA..GR S
0378..0379 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
037A ; FREE_PVAL # GR YPOGEGRAMMENI..GR SM REV DOT LUN
037B..037D ; PVALID # GR SM REV LUN SIG..GR SM REV DOT LU
037E ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK QUEST MARK
037F..0383 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0384..0385 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK TONOS..GREEK DIALYTIKA TONOS
0386 ; PVALID # GR CAP LET ALPHA W TONOS
0387 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK ANO TELEIA
0388..038A ; PVALID # GR CAP LET EPSILON W TONOS..GR CAP
038B ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
038C ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET OMICRON W TONOS
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038D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
038E..03A1 ; PVALID # GR CAP LET EPSILON W TONOS..GR CAP
03A2 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
03A3..03CF ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET SIGMA..GR CAP
03D0..03D2 ; FREE_PVAL # GR BETA SYM..GR UPSILON W HOOK
03D3..03D4 ; PVALID # GR UPSILON W ACUTE AND HOOK..GR UP
03D5..03D6 ; FREE_PVAL # GR PHI SYM..GR PI SYM
03D7..03EF ; PVALID # GR KAI SYM..COPT SM LET DEI
03F0..03F2 ; FREE_PVAL # GR KAPPA SYM..GR LUNATE SIGMA
03F3 ; PVALID # GREEK LET YOT
03F4..03F6 ; FREE_PVAL # GR CAP THETA..GR REV LUNATE EPSILON
03F7..03F8 ; PVALID # GR CAP LET SHO..GR SM LET SHO
03F9 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LUNATE SIGMA SYM
03FA..0481 ; PVALID # GR CAP LET SAN..CYR SML LET KOPPA
0482 ; FREE_PVAL # CYR THOUSANDS SIGN
0483..0487 ; PVALID # COMB CYR TITLO..COMB CYR POK
0488..0489 ; FREE_PVAL # COMB CYR HUNDRED THOUSANDS SIGN..C
048A..0527 ; PVALID # CYR CAP LET SH I W TAIL..CYR S
0528..0530 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0531..0556 ; PVALID # ARM CAP LET AYB..ARM CAP LET FEH
0557..0558 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0559 ; PVALID # ARM MOD LET LEFT HALF RING
055A..055F ; FREE_PVAL # ARM APOS..ARM ABBREV
0560 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0561..0586 ; PVALID # ARM SM LET AYB..ARMENIAN SM LE
0587 ; FREE_PVAL # ARM SM LIG ECH YIWN
0588 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0589..058A ; FREE_PVAL # ARMENIAN FULL STOP..ARMENIAN HYPH
058B..058E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
058F ; FREE_PVAL # ARMENIAN DRAM SIGN
0590 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0591..05BD ; PVALID # HEBR ACC ETNAHTA..HEBR PNT ME
05BE ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR PUNCT MAQAF
05BF ; PVALID # HEBR PNT RAFE
05C0 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR PUNCT PASEQ
05C1..05C2 ; PVALID # HEBR PNT SHIN DOT..HEBR PNT SIN DOT
05C3 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR PUNCT SOF PASUQ
05C4..05C5 ; PVALID # HEBR MARK UP DOT..HEBR MARK LOW DOT
05C6 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR PUNCT NUN HAFUKHA
05C7 ; PVALID # HEBR PNT QAMATS QATAN
05C8..05CF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
05D0..05EA ; PVALID # HEBR LET ALEF..HEBR LET TAV
05EB..05EF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
05F0..05F2 ; PVALID # HEBR LIG YIDDISH DOUBLE VAV..HEBR L
05F3..05F4 ; CONTEXTO # HEBR PUNCT GERESH..HEBR PUNCTUATIO
05F5..05FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0600..0604 ; DISALLOWED # ARAB NUM SIGN..ARAB SIGN SAM
0605 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
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0606..060F ; FREE_PVAL # AR-IND CUBE ROOT..ARAB SIGN MISRA
0610..061A ; PVALID # ARAB SIGN SALLALLAHOU ALAYHE ..AR
061B ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB SEMICOLON
061C..061D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
061E..061F ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB TRIPLE DOT PUNCT MARK..ARAB Q
0620..063F ; PVALID # ARAB LET KASH..ARAB LET FARSI YEH
0640 ; DISALLOWED # ARAB TATWEEL
0641..065F ; PVALID # ARAB LET FEH..ARAB WAVY HAMZA BEL
0660..0669 ; CONTEXTO # AR-IND DIG ZERO..AR-IND DIG
066A..066D ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB PCT SIGN..ARAB FIVE PNTED STA
066E..0674 ; PVALID # ARAB LET DOTLESS BEH..ARAB LET HIG
0675..0678 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB LET HIGH HAMZA ALEF..ARAB LET
0679..06D3 ; PVALID # ARAB LET TTEH..ARAB LET YEH BARREE
06D4 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB FULL STOP
06D5..06DC ; PVALID # ARAB LET AE..ARAB SM HIGH SEEN
06DD ; DISALLOWED # ARAB END OF AYAH
06DE ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB START OF RUB EL HIZB
06DF..06E8 ; PVALID # ARAB SM HIGH ROUNDED ZERO..ARAB SM
06E9 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB PLACE OF SAJDAH
06EA..06EF ; PVALID # ARAB EMPTY CENTRE LOW STOP..ARAB LET
06F0..06F9 ; CONTEXTO # EXT AR-IND DIG ZERO..EXT A
06FA..06FF ; PVALID # ARAB LET SHEEN W DOT BEL..ARAB
0700..070D ; FREE_PVAL # SYR END OF PARA..SYR HARKLEAN AST
070E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
070F ; DISALLOWED # SYR ABBR MARK
0710..074A ; PVALID # SYR LET ALAPH..SYR BARREKH
074B..074C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
074D..07B1 ; PVALID # SYR LET SOGDIAN ZHAIN..THAANA LET N
07B2..07BF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
07C0..07F5 ; PVALID # NKO DIG ZERO..NKO LOW TONE APOS
07F6..07F9 ; FREE_PVAL # NKO SYM OO DENNEN..NKO EXCLAMATI
07FA ; DISALLOWED # NKO LAJANYALAN
07FB..07FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0800..082D ; PVALID # SAMAR LET ALAF..SAMAR MARK NEQUDA
082E..082F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0830..083E ; FREE_PVAL # SAMAR PUNCT NEQUDAA..SAMAR PUN
083F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0840..085B ; PVALID # MANDAIC LET HALQA..MANDAIC GEM
085C..085D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
085E ; FREE_PVAL # MANDAIC PUNCTUATION
085F..089F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
08A0 ; PVALID # ARAB LET BEH W SM V BEL
08A1 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
08A2..08AC ; PVALID # ARAB LET JEEM W 2 DOTS AB..ARAB
08AD..08E3 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
08E4..08FE ; PVALID # ARAB CURLY FATHA..ARAB DAMMA W
08FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0900..0963 ; PVALID # DEVAN SIGN INV CANDRABINDU..DEVAN V
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0964..0965 ; FREE_PVAL # DEVAN DANDA..DEVAN DOUBLE DANDA
0966..096F ; PVALID # DEVAN DIG ZERO..DEVAN DIG NINE
0970 ; FREE_PVAL # DEVAN ABBR SIGN
0971..0977 ; PVALID # DEVAN SIGN HIGH SPACING DOT..DEVAN
0978 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0979..097F ; PVALID # DEVAN SIGN HIGH SPACING DOT..DEVAN
0980 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0981..0983 ; PVALID # BENG SIGN CANDRABINDU..BENG SIGN VIS
0984 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0985..098C ; PVALID # BENG LET A..BENG LET VOC L
098D..098E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
098F..0990 ; PVALID # BENG LET E..BENG LET AI
0991..0992 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0993..09A8 ; PVALID # BENG LET O..BENG LET NA
09A9 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
09AA..09B0 ; PVALID # BENG LET PA..BENG LET RA
09B1 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
09B2 ; PVALID # BENG LET LA
09B3..09B5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
09B6..09B9 ; PVALID # BENG LET SHA..BENG LET HA
09BA..09BB ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
09BC..09C4 ; PVALID # BENG SIGN NUKTA..BENG VOW SIGN VOCAL
09C5..09C6 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
09C7..09C8 ; PVALID # BENG VOW SIGN E..BENG VOW SIGN AI
09C9..09CA ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
09CB..09CE ; PVALID # BENG VOW SIGN O..BENG LET KHANDA
09CF..09D6 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
09D7 ; PVALID # BENG AU LEN MARK
09D8..09DB ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
09DC..09DD ; PVALID # BENG LET RRA..BENG LET RHA
09DE ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
09DF..09E3 ; PVALID # BENG LET YYA..BENG VOW SIG
09E4..09E5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
09E6..09F1 ; PVALID # BENG DIG ZERO..BENG LET RA W L
09F2..09FB ; FREE_PVAL # BENG RUPEE MARK..BENG GANDA MARK
09FC..0A00 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0A01..0A03 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI SIGN ADAK BINDI..GURMUKHI
0A04 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0A05..0A0A ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET A..GURMUKHI LET UU
0A0B..0A0E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0A0F..0A10 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET EE..GURMUKHI LET AI
0A11..0A12 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0A13..0A28 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET OO..GURMUKHI LET NA
0A29 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0A2A..0A30 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET PA..GURMUKHI LET RA
0A31 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0A32..0A33 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET LA..GURMUKHI LET LLA
0A34 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
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0A35.OA36 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET VA..GURMUKHI LET SHA
0A37 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0A38..0A39 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET SA..GURMUKHI LET HA
0A3A..0A3B ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0A3C ; PVALID # GURMUKHI SIGN NUKTA
0A3D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0A3E..0A42 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI VOW SIGN AA..GURMUKHI V
0A43..0A46 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0A47..0A48 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI VOW SIGN EE..GURMUKHI V
0A49..0A4A ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0A4B..0A4D ; PVALID # GURMUKHI VOW SIGN OO..GURMUKHI S
0A4E..0A50 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0A51 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI SIGN UDAAT
0A52..0A58 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0A59..0A5C ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET KHHA..GURMUKHI LET RRA
0A5D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0A5E ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET FA
0A5F..0A65 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0A66..0A75 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI DIG ZERO..GURMUKHI SIGN YA
0A76..0A80 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0A81..0A83 ; PVALID # GUJARATI SIGN CANDRABINDU..GUJARATI
0A84 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0A85..0A8D ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET A..GUJARATI VOW CAND
0A8E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0A8F..0A91 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET E..GUJARATI VOW CAND
0A92 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0A93..0AA8 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET O..GUJARATI LET NA
0AA9 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0AAA..0AB0 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET PA..GUJARATI LET RA
0AB1 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0AB2..0AB3 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET LA..GUJARATI LET LLA
0AB4 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0AB5..0AB9 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET VA..GUJARATI LET HA
0ABA..0ABB ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0ABC..0AC5 ; PVALID # GUJARATI SIGN NUKTA..GUJARATI VOW
0AC6 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0AC7..0AC9 ; PVALID # GUJARATI VOW SIGN E..GUJARATI VOW
0ACA ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0ACB..0ACD ; PVALID # GUJARATI VOW SIGN O..GUJARATI SIG
0ACE..0ACF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0AD0 ; PVALID # GUJARATI OM
0AD1..0ADF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0AE0..0AE3 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET VOC RR..GUJARATI V
0AE4..0AE5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0AE6..0AEF ; PVALID # GUJARATI DIG ZERO..GUJARATI DIG NINE
0AF0..0AF1 ; FREE_PVAL # GUJARATI ABBR SIGN..GUJARATI RUPEE S
0AF2..0B00 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B01..0B03 ; PVALID # ORIYA SIGN CANDRABINDU..ORIYA SIGN V
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0B04 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0B05..0B0C ; PVALID # ORIYA LET A..ORIYA LET VOC L
0B0D..0B0E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B0F..0B10 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET E..ORIYA LET AI
0B11..0B12 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B13..0B28 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET O..ORIYA LET NA
0B29 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0B2A..0B30 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET PA..ORIYA LET RA
0B31 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0B32..0B33 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET LA..ORIYA LET LLA
0B34 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0B35..0B39 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET VA..ORIYA LET HA
0B3A..0B3B ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B3C..0B44 ; PVALID # ORIYA SIGN NUKTA..ORIYA VOW SIGN
0B45..0B46 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B47..0B48 ; PVALID # ORIYA VOW SIGN E..ORIYA VOW SIG
0B49..0B4A ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B4B..0B4D ; PVALID # ORIYA VOW SIGN O..ORIYA SIGN VIRA
0B4E..0B55 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B56..0B57 ; PVALID # ORIYA AI LEN MARK..ORIYA AU LENG
0B58..0B5B ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B5C..0B5D ; PVALID # ORIYA LET RRA..ORIYA LET RHA
0B5E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0B5F..0B63 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET YYA..ORIYA VOW SIGN VOCA
0B64..0B65 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B66..0B6F ; PVALID # ORIYA DIG ZERO..ORIYA DIG NINE
0B70 ; FREE_PVAL # ORIYA ISSHAR
0B71 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET WA
0B72..0B77 ; FREE_PVAL # ORIYA FRACT ONE QUART..ORIYA FRACT
0B78..0B81 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B82..0B83 ; PVALID # TAMIL SIGN ANUSVARA..TAMIL SIGN VIS
0B84 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0B85..0B8A ; PVALID # TAMIL LET A..TAMIL LET UU
0B8B..0B8D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B8E..0B90 ; PVALID # TAMIL LET E..TAMIL LET AI
0B91 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0B92..0B95 ; PVALID # TAMIL LET O..TAMIL LET KA
0B96..0B98 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0B99..0B9A ; PVALID # TAMIL LET NGA..TAMIL LET CA
0B9B ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0B9C ; PVALID # TAMIL LET JA
0B9D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0B9E..0B9F ; PVALID # TAMIL LET NYA..TAMIL LET TTA
0BA0..0BA2 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0BA3..0BA4 ; PVALID # TAMIL LET NNA..TAMIL LET TA
0BA5..0BA7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0BA8..0BAA ; PVALID # TAMIL LET NA..TAMIL LET PA
0BAB..0BAD ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
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0BAE..0BB9 ; PVALID # TAMIL LET MA..TAMIL LET HA
0BBA..0BBD ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0BBE..0BC2 ; PVALID # TAMIL VOW SIGN AA..TAMIL VOW SI
0BC3..0BC5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0BC6..0BC8 ; PVALID # TAMIL VOW SIGN E..TAMIL VOW SIG
0BC9 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0BCA..0BCD ; PVALID # TAMIL VOW SIGN O..TAMIL SIGN VIRA
0BCE..0BCF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0BD0 ; PVALID # TAMIL OM
0BD1..0BD6 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0BD7 ; PVALID # TAMIL AU LEN MARK
0BD8..0BE5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0BE6..0BEF ; PVALID # TAMIL DIG ZERO..TAMIL DIG NINE
0BF0..0BFA ; FREE_PVAL # TAMIL NUM TEN..TAMIL NUM SIGN
0BFB..0C00 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0C01..0C03 ; PVALID # TELUGU SIGN CANDRABINDU..TELUGU SIG
0C04 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0C05..0C0C ; PVALID # TELUGU LET A..TELUGU LET VOC L
0C0D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0C0E..0C10 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET E..TELUGU LET AI
0C11 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0C12..0C28 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET O..TELUGU LET NA
0C29 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0C2A..0C33 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET PA..TELUGU LET LLA
0C34 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0C35..0C39 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET VA..TELUGU LET HA
0C3A..0C3C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0C3D..0C44 ; PVALID # TELUGU SIGN AVAGRAHA..TELUGU VOW SI
0C45 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0C46..0C48 ; PVALID # TELUGU VOW SIGN E..TELUGU VOW SIGN
0C49 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0C4A..0C4D ; PVALID # TELUGU VOW SIGN O..TELUGU SIGN VIRA
0C4E..0C54 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0C55..0C56 ; PVALID # TELUGU LEN MARK..TELUGU AI LEN MARK
0C57 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0C58..0C59 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET TSA..TELUGU LET DZA
0C5A..0C5F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0C60..0C63 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET VOC RR..TELUGU VOW S
0C64..0C65 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0C66..0C6F ; PVALID # TELUGU DIG ZERO..TELUGU DIG NINE
0C70..0C77 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0C78..0C7F ; FREE_PVAL # TELUGU FRACTION DIG ZERO..TELUGU S
0C80..0C81 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0C82..0C83 ; PVALID # KANNADA SIGN ANUSVARA..KANNADA SIGN
0C84 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0C85..0C8C ; PVALID # KANNADA LET A..KANNADA LET VOC L
0C8D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0C8E..0C90 ; PVALID # KANNADA LET E..KANNADA LET AI
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0C91 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0C92..0CA8 ; PVALID # KANNADA LET O..KANNADA LET NA
0CA9 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0CAA..0CB3 ; PVALID # KANNADA LET PA..KANNADA LET LLA
0CB4 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0CB5..0CB9 ; PVALID # KANNADA LET VA..KANNADA LET HA
0CBA..0CBB ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0CBC..0CC4 ; PVALID # KANNADA SIGN NUKTA..KANNADA VOW SIG
0CC5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0CC6..0CC8 ; PVALID # KANNADA VOW SIGN E..KANNADA VOW SIG
0CC9 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0CCA..0CCD ; PVALID # KANNADA VOW SIGN O..KANNADA SIGN VI
0CCE..0CD4 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0CD5..0CD6 ; PVALID # KANNADA LEN MARK..KANNADA AI LEN MA
0CD7..0CDD ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0CDE ; PVALID # KANNADA LET FA
0CDF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0CE0..0CE3 ; PVALID # KANNADA LET VOC RR..KANNADA VOW SIG
0CE4..0CE5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0CE6..0CEF ; PVALID # KANNADA DIG ZERO..KANNADA DIG NINE
0CF0 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0CF1..0CF2 ; DISALLOWED # KANNADA SIGN JIHVAMULIYA..KANNADA S
0CF3..0D01 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0D02..0D03 ; PVALID # MALAY SIGN ANUSVARA..MALAY SIGN VIS
0D04 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0D05..0D0C ; PVALID # MALAY LET A..MALAY LET VOC
0D0D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0D0E..0D10 ; PVALID # MALAY LET E..MALAY LET AI
0D11 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0D12..0D3A ; PVALID # MALAY LET O..MALAY LET TTTA
0D3B..0D3C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0D3D..0D44 ; PVALID # MALAY SIGN AVAGRAHA..MALAY VOW SIG
0D45 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0D46..0D48 ; PVALID # MALAY VOW SIGN E..MALAY VOW SIGN
0D49 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0D4A..0D4E ; PVALID # MALAY VOW SIGN O..MALAY LET DOT REP
0D4F..0D56 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0D57 ; PVALID # MALAY AU LEN MARK
0D58..0D5F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0D60..0D63 ; PVALID # MALAY LET VOC RR..MALAY VOW
0D64..0D65 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0D66..0D6F ; PVALID # MALAY DIG ZERO..MALAY DIG NINE
0D70..0D75 ; FREE_PVAL # MALAY NUM TEN..MALAY FRACTION THR
0D76..0D78 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0D79 ; FREE_PVAL # MALAY DATE MARK
0D7A..0D7F ; PVALID # MALAY LET CHILLU NN..MALAY LET
0D80..0D81 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0D82..0D83 ; PVALID # SINH SIGN ANUSVARAYA..SINH SIGN VIS
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0D84 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0D85..0D96 ; PVALID # SINH LET AYANNA..SINH LET AUYANN
0D97..0D99 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0D9A..0DB1 ; PVALID # SINH LET ALPAPRAANA KAYANNA..SINH L
0DB2 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0DB3..0DBB ; PVALID # SINH LET SANYAKA DAYANNA..SINH LETT
0DBC ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0DBD ; PVALID # SINH LET DANTAJA LAYANNA
0DBE..0DBF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0DC0..0DC6 ; PVALID # SINH LET VAYANNA..SINH LET FAYAN
0DC7..0DC9 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0DCA ; PVALID # SINH SIGN AL-LAKUNA
0DCB..0DCE ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0DCF..0DD4 ; PVALID # SINH VOW SIGN AELA-PILLA..SINH VOW
0DD5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0DD6 ; PVALID # SINH VOW SIGN DIGA PAA-PILLA
0DD7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0DD8..0DDF ; PVALID # SINH VOW SIGN GAETTA-PILLA..SINH VO
0DE0..0DF1 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0DF2..0DF3 ; PVALID # SINH VOW SIGN DIGA GAETTA-PILLA..SI
0DF4 ; FREE_PVAL # SINH PUNCT KUNDDALIYA
0DF5..0E00 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0E01..0E32 ; PVALID # THAI CHAR KO KAI..THAI CHAR SARA A
0E33 ; FREE_PVAL # THAI CHAR SARA AM
0E34..0E3A ; PVALID # THAI CHAR SARA I..THAI CHAR PHINTH
0E3B..0E3E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0E3F ; FREE_PVAL # THAI CURRENCY SYM BAHT
0E40..0E4E ; PVALID # THAI CHAR SARA E..THAI CHAR YAMAKK
0E4F ; FREE_PVAL # THAI CHAR FONGMAN
0E50..0E59 ; PVALID # THAI DIG ZERO..THAI DIG NINE
0E5A..0E5B ; FREE_PVAL # THAI CHAR ANGKHANKHU..THAI CHAR KH
0E5C..0E80 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0E81..0E82 ; PVALID # LAO LET KO..LAO LET KHO SUNG
0E83 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0E84 ; PVALID # LAO LET KHO TAM
0E85..0E86 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0E87..0E88 ; PVALID # LAO LET NGO..LAO LET CO
0E89 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0E8A ; PVALID # LAO LET SO TAM
0E8B..0E8C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0E8D ; PVALID # LAO LET NYO
0E8E..0E93 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0E94..0E97 ; PVALID # LAO LET DO..LAO LET THO TAM
0E98 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0E99..0E9F ; PVALID # LAO LET NO..LAO LET FO SUNG
0EA0 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0EA1..0EA3 ; PVALID # LAO LET MO..LAO LET LO LING
0EA4 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
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0EA5 ; PVALID # LAO LET LO LOOT
0EA6 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0EA7 ; PVALID # LAO LET WO
0EA8..0EA9 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0EAA..0EAB ; PVALID # LAO LET SO SUNG..LAO LET HO SUNG
0EAC ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0EAD..0EB2 ; PVALID # LAO LET O..LAO VOW SIGN AA
0EB3 ; FREE_PVAL # LAO VOW SIGN AM
0EB4..0EB9 ; PVALID # LAO VOW SIGN I..LAO VOW SIGN UU
0EBA ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0EBB..0EBD ; PVALID # LAO VOW SIGN MAI KON..LAO SEMIVOW SIG
0EBE..0EBF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0EC0..0EC4 ; PVALID # LAO VOW SIGN E..LAO VOW SIGN AI
0EC5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0EC6 ; PVALID # LAO KO LA
0EC7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0EC8..0ECD ; PVALID # LAO TONE MAI EK..LAO NIGGAHITA
0ECE..0ECF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0ED0..0ED9 ; PVALID # LAO DIG ZERO..LAO DIG NINE
0EDA..0EDB ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0EDC..0EDD ; FREE_PVAL # LAO HO NO..LAO HO MO
0EDE..0EDF ; PVALID # LAO LET KHMU GO..TIB SYL OM
0EE0..0EEF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0F00 ; PVALID # TIB SYLL OM
0F01..0F0A ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK GTER YIG MGO TRUNC A..TIB
0F0B ; PVALID # TIB MARK INTERSYLLABIC TSHEG
0F0C..0F17 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK DELIMITER TSHEG BSTAR..TIB
0F18..0F19 ; PVALID # TIB ASTROLOGICAL SIGN -KHYUD PA..TIB
0F1A..0F1F ; FREE_PVAL # TIB SIGN RDEL DKAR GCIG..TIB SIGN RD
0F20..0F29 ; PVALID # TIB DIG ZERO..TIB DIG NINE
0F2A..0F34 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB DIG HALF ONE..TIB MARK BSDUS R
0F35 ; PVALID # TIB MARK NGAS BZUNG NYI ZLA
0F36 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK CARET DZUD RTAGS BZHI MIG C
0F37 ; PVALID # TIB MARK NGAS BZUNG SGOR RTAGS
0F38 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK CHE MGO
0F39 ; PVALID # TIB MARK TSA PHRU
0F3A..0F3D ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK GUG RTAGS GYON..TIB MARK AN
0F3E..0F47 ; PVALID # TIB SIGN YAR TSHES..TIB LET JA
0F48 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0F49..0F6C ; PVALID # TIB LET NYA..TIB LET RRA
0F6D..0F70 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
0F71..0F76 ; PVALID # TIB VOW SIGN AA..TIB VOW SIGN VO
0F77..0F79 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB VOW SIGN UU..TIB VOW SIGN VO
0F7A..0F80 ; PVALID # TIB VOW SIGN E..TIB VOW SIGN REV
0F81 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB VOW SIGN REV II
0F82..0F84 ; PVALID # TIB SIGN NYI ZLA NAA DA..TIB MARK H
0F85 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK PALUTA
0F86..0F8F ; PVALID # TIB SIGN LCI RTAGS..TIB SUBJOIN S
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0F90..0F92 ; PVALID # TIB SUBJOIN LET KA..TIB SUBJOIN
0F93 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB SUBJOIN LET GHA
0F94..0F97 ; PVALID # TIB SUBJOIN LET NGA..TIB SUBJOI
0F98 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0F99..0FBC ; PVALID # TIB SUBJOIN LET NYA..TIB SUBJOI
0FBD ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0FBE..0FC5 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB KU RU KHA..TIB SYM RDO RJE
0FC6 ; PVALID # TIB SYM PADMA GDAN
0FC7..0FCC ; FREE_PVAL # TIB SYM RDO RJE RGYA GRAM..TIB SY
0FCD ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
0FCE..0FDA ; FREE_PVAL # TIB SIGN RDEL NAG RDEL DKAR..TIB MA
0FDB..0FFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1000..1049 ; PVALID # MYAN LET KA..MYAN DIG NINE
104A..104F ; FREE_PVAL # MYAN SIGN LITTLE SECTION..MYAN SYM
1050..109D ; PVALID # MYAN LET SHA..MYAN VOW SIGN AITON
109E..109F ; FREE_PVAL # MYAN SYM SHAN ONE..MYAN SYM SHAN EX
10A0..10C5 ; PVALID # GEORG CAP LET AN..GEORG CAP LET HOE
10C6 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
10C7 ; PVALID # GEORG CAP LET YN
10C8..10CC ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10CD ; PVALID # GEORG CAP LET AEN
10CE..10CF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10D0..10FA ; PVALID # GEORG LET AN..GEORG LET AIN
10FB..10FC ; FREE_PVAL # GEORG PARA SEP..MOD LET GEORG NAR
10FD..10FF ; PVALID # GEORG LET AEN..GEORG LET LABIAL
1100..11FF ; DISALLOWED # HANGUL CHO KIYEOK..HANGUL JONG SSA
1200..1248 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL HA..ETHI SYL QWA
1249 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
124A..124D ; PVALID # ETHI SYL QWI..ETHI SYL QWE
124E..124F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1250..1256 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL QHA..ETHI SYL QHO
1257 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1258 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL QHWA
1259 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
125A..125D ; PVALID # ETHI SYL QHWI..ETHI SYL QH
125E..125F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1260..1288 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL BA..ETHI SYL XWA
1289 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
128A..128D ; PVALID # ETHI SYL XWI..ETHI SYL XWE
128E..128F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1290..12B0 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL NA..ETHI SYL KWA
12B1 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
12B2..12B5 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL KWI..ETHI SYL KWE
12B6..12B7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
12B8..12BE ; PVALID # ETHI SYL KXA..ETHI SYL KXO
12BF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
12C0 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL KXWA
12C1 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
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12C2..12C5 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL KXWI..ETHI SYL KX
12C6..12C7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
12C8..12D6 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL WA..ETHI SYL PHAR
12D7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
12D8..1310 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL ZA..ETHI SYL GWA
1311 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1312..1315 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL GWI..ETHI SYL GWE
1316..1317 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1318..135A ; PVALID # ETHI SYL GGA..ETHI SYL FYA
135B..135C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
135D..135F ; PVALID # ETHI COMB GEM AND VOW..ETHI COMB GE
1360..137C ; FREE_PVAL # ETHI SECT MARK..ETHI NUM TEN THOUS
137D..137F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1380..138F ; PVALID # ETHI SYL SEBATBEIT MWA..ETHI SYL PW
1390..1399 ; FREE_PVAL # ETHI TON MARK YIZET..ETHI TON MARK
139A..139F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
13A0..13F4 ; PVALID # CHEROKEE LET A..CHEROKEE LET YV
13F5..13FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1400 ; FREE_PVAL # CANAD SYL HYPHEN
1401..166C ; PVALID # CANAD SYL E..CANAD SYL CAR
166D..166E ; FREE_PVAL # CANAD SYL CHI SIGN..CANAD SYLLAB
166F..167F ; PVALID # CANAD SYL QAI..CANAD SYL B
1680 ; FREE_PVAL # OGHAM SPACE MARK
1681..169A ; PVALID # OGHAM LET BEITH..OGHAM LET PEITH
169B..169C ; FREE_PVAL # OGHAM FEATHER MARK..OGHAM REV FEAT
169D..169F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
16A0..16EA ; PVALID # RUNIC LET FEHU FEOH FE F..RUNIC LET
16EB..16F0 ; FREE_PVAL # RUNIC SINGLE PUNCT..RUNIC BELGTHOR
16F1..16FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1700..170C ; PVALID # TAGALOG LET A..TAGALOG LET YA
170D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
170E..1714 ; PVALID # TAGALOG LET LA..TAGALOG SIGN VIRAMA
1715..171F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1720..1734 ; PVALID # HANUNOO LET A..HANUNOO SIGN PAMUDPO
1735..1736 ; FREE_PVAL # PHILIP SINGLE PUNCT..PHILIP DOUBLE
1737..173F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1740..1753 ; PVALID # BUHID LET A..BUHID VOW SIGN U
1754..175F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1760..176C ; PVALID # TAGBANWA LET A..TAGBANWA LET YA
176D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
176E..1770 ; PVALID # TAGBANWA LET LA..TAGBANWA LET SA
1771 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1772..1773 ; PVALID # TAGBANWA VOW SIGN I..TAGBANWA VOW S
1774..177F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1780..17D3 ; PVALID # KHMER LET KA..KHMER SIGN BATHAMASAT
17D4..17D6 ; FREE_PVAL # KHMER SIGN KHAN..KHMER SIGN CAMNUC
17D7 ; PVALID # KHMER SIGN LEK TOO
17D8..17DB ; FREE_PVAL # KHMER SIGN BEYYAL..KHMER CURR SYM R
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17DC..17DD ; PVALID # KHMER SIGN AVAKRAHASANYA..KHMER SIG
17DE..17DF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
17E0..17E9 ; PVALID # KHMER DIG ZERO..KHMER DIG NINE
17EA..17EF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
17F0..17F9 ; FREE_PVAL # KHMER SYM LEK ATTAK SON..KHMER SYM
17FA..17FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1800..180A ; FREE_PVAL # MONG BIRGA..MONG NIRUGU
180B..180D ; PVALID # MONG FREE VAR SEL ONE..MONG FREE VA
180E ; FREE_PVAL # MONG VOW SEP
180F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1810..1819 ; PVALID # MONG DIG ZERO..MONG DIG NINE
181A..181F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1820..1877 ; PVALID # MONG LET A..MONG LET MANCHU
1878..187F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1880..18AA ; PVALID # MONG LET ALI GALI ANUSVARA ONE..MON
18AB..18AF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
18B0..18F5 ; PVALID # CAN SYL OY..CAN SYL CA
18F6..18FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1900..191C ; PVALID # LIMBU VOW-CARRIER LET..LIMBU LET HA
191D..191F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1920..192B ; PVALID # LIMBU VOW SIGN A..LIMBU SUBJOIN LET
192C..192F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1930..193B ; PVALID # LIMBU SM LET KA..LIMBU SIGN SA-I
193C..193F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1940 ; FREE_PVAL # LIMBU SIGN LOO
1941..1943 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1944..1945 ; FREE_PVAL # LIMBU EXCLAM MARK..LIMBU QUEST MARK
1946..196D ; PVALID # LIMBU DIG ZERO..TAI LE LET AI
196E..196F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1970..1974 ; PVALID # TAI LE LET TONE-2..TAI LE LET TONE-
1975..197F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1980..19AB ; PVALID # NEW TAI LUE LET HIGH QA..NEW TAI LU
19AC..19AF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
19B0..19C9 ; PVALID # NEW TAI LUE VOW SIGN VOW SHORT..NEW
19CA..19CF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
19D0..19D9 ; PVALID # NEW TAI LUE DIG ZERO..NEW TAI DIG N
19DA ; FREE_PVAL # NEW TAI LUE THAM
19DB..19DD ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
19DE..19FF ; FREE_PVAL # NEW TAI LUE SIGN LAE..KHMER SYM DAP
1A00..1A1B ; PVALID # BUGIN LET KA..BUGIN VOW SIGN AE
1A1C..1A1D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1A1E..1A1F ; FREE_PVAL # BUGIN PALLAWA..BUGIN END OF SECTION
1A20..1A5E ; PVALID # TAI THAM LET HIGH KA..TAI THAM CONS
1A5F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1A60..1A7C ; PVALID # TAI THAM SIGN SAKOT..TAI THAM SIGN
1A7D..1A7E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1A7F..1A89 ; PVALID # TAI THAM COMB CRYPT DOT..TAI THAM D
1A8A..1A8F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
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1A90..1A99 ; PVALID # TAI THAM THAM DIG ZERO..TAI THAM TH
1A9A..1A9F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1AA0..1AA6 ; FREE_PVAL # TAI THAM SIGN WIANG..TAI THAM SIGN
1AA7 ; PVALID # TAI THAM SIGN MAI YAMOK
1AA8..1AAD ; FREE_PVAL # TAI THAM SIGN KAAN..TAI THAM SIGN C
1AAE..1AFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1B00..1B4B ; PVALID # BAL SIGN ULU RICEM..BAL LET ASYURA
1B4C..1B4F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1B50..1B59 ; PVALID # BAL DIG ZERO..BAL DIG NINE
1B5A..1B6A ; FREE_PVAL # BAL PANTI..BAL MUS SYM DANG
1B6B..1B73 ; PVALID # BAL MUS SYM COMB TEGEH..BAL MUS
1B74..1B7C ; FREE_PVAL # BAL MUS SYM RIGHT-HAND OPEN DUG
1B7D..1B7F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1B80..1BF3 ; PVALID # SUND SIGN PANYECEK..BATAK PANONGONAN
1BF4..1BFB ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1BFC..1BFF ; FREE_PVAL # BATAK SYM BINDU NA METEK..BATAK SYM
1C00..1C37 ; PVALID # LEPCHA LET KA..LEPCHA SIGN NUKTA
1C38..1C3A ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1C3B..1C3F ; FREE_PVAL # LEPCHA PUNCT TA-ROL..LEPCHA PUNCT T
1C40..1C49 ; PVALID # LEPCHA DIG ZERO..LEPCHA DIG NINE
1C4A..1C4C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1C4D..1C7D ; PVALID # LEPCHA LET TTA..OL CHIKI AHAD
1C7E..1C7F ; FREE_PVAL # OL CHIKI PUNCT MUCAAD..OL CHIKI PUN
1C80..1C9F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1CC0..1CC7 ; FREE_PVAL # SUNDA PUNCT BINDU SURYA..SUNDA PUNC
1CC8..1CCF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1CD0..1CD2 ; PVALID # VED TONE KARSHANA..VED TONE PRENKHA
1CD3 ; FREE_PVAL # VED SIGN NIHSHVASA
1CD4..1CF6 ; PVALID # VED SIGN YAJURVEDIC MID SVARITA..VE
1CF7..1CFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D00..1D2B ; PVALID # LAT LET SM CAP A..CYR LET SM
1D2C..1D2E ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CAP A..MOD LET C
1D2F ; PVALID # MOD LET CAP BARRED B
1D30..1D3A ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CAP D..MOD LET C
1D3B ; PVALID # MOD LET CAP REV N
1D3C..1D4D ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CAP O..MOD LET S
1D4E ; PVALID # MOD LET SM TURNED I
1D4F..1D6A ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET SM K..GREEK SUB SMA
1D6B..1D77 ; PVALID # LAT SM LET UE..LAT SM LET TU
1D78 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CYR EN
1D79..1D9A ; PVALID # LAT SM LET INSULAR G..LAT SM LE
1D9B..1DBF ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET SM TURNED ALPHA..MOD
1DC0..1DE6 ; PVALID # COMB DOTTED GRAVE ACCENT..COMB LAT
1DE7..1DFB ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1DFC..1DFF ; PVALID # COMB DOUBLE INV BREVE BEL..COMB R
1E9A ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SM LET A WITH R HALF RING
1E9B..1F15 ; PVALID # LAT SM LET LONG S W DOT ABOVE..GR
1F16..1F17 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
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1F18..1F1D ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET EPSILON W PSILI..GRE
1F1E..1F1F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1F20..1F45 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ETA W PSILI..GREEK SMA
1F46..1F47 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1F48..1F4D ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET OMICRON W PSILI..GRE
1F4E..1F4F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1F50..1F57 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET UPSILON W PSILI..GREEK
1F58 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1F59 ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET UPSILON W DASIA
1F5A ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1F5B ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET UPSILON W DASIA AND
1F5C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1F5D ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET UPSILON W DASIA AND
1F5E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1F5F..1F7D ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET UPSILON W DASIA A..GR
1F7E..1F7F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1F80..1F87 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ALPHA W PSILI AND YPOG
1F88..1F8F ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET ALPHA W PSILI AND..GR
1F90..1F97 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ETA W PSILI AND YP..GR
1F98..1F9F ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET ETA W PSILI AND P..GR
1FA0..1FA7 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET OMEGA W PSILI AND ..GR
1FA8..1FAF ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAPL LET OMEGA W PSILI AN..GR
1FB0..1FB4 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ALPHA W VRACHY..GREEK
1FB5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1FB6..1FBB ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ALPHA W PERISPOMEN..GR
1FBC..1FBD ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET ALPHA W PROSGEGRA..GR
1FBE ; PVALID # GREEK PROSGEGRAMMENI
1FBF..1FC1 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK PSILI..GREEK DIALYTIKA AND PE
1FC2..1FC4 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ETA W VARIA AND YP..GR
1FC5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1FC6..1FCB ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ETA W PERISPOMENI..GR
1FCC..1FCF ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET ETA W PROSGEGRAM..GR
1FD0..1FD3 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET IOTA W VRACHY..GREEK S
1FD4..1FD5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1FD6..1FDB ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET IOTA W PERISPOMENI..GR
1FDC ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1FDD..1FDF ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK DASIA AND VARIA..GREEK DASIA
1FE0..1FEC ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET UPSILON W VRACHY..GREE
1FED..1FEF ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK DIALYTIKA AND VARIA..GREEK VA
1FF0..1FF1 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1FF2..1FF4 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK SM LET OMEGA W VARIA AND YPOG
1FF5 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1FF6..1FFB ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET OMEGA W PERISPOMEN..GR
1FFC..1FFE ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET OMEGA W PROSGEGRA..GR
1FFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2000..200A ; FREE_PVAL # EN QUAD..HAIR SPACE
200B ; DISALLOWED # ZERO WIDTH SPACE
200C..200D ; CONTEXTJ # ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER..ZERO WIDTH J
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200E..200F ; DISALLOWED # LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK..RIGHT-TO-LEFT M
2010..2027 ; FREE_PVAL # HYPHEN..HYPHENATION POINT
2028..202E ; DISALLOWED # LINE SEP..RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE
202F..205F ; FREE_PVAL # NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE..MED MATH SP
2060..2064 ; DISALLOWED # WORD JOINER..INVISIBLE PLUS
2065..2069 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
206A..206F ; DISALLOWED # INHIBIT SYMM SWAP..NOM DIGIT SHAPES
2070..2071 ; FREE_PVAL # SUPER ZERO..SUPER LAT SM LET I
2072..2073 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2074..208E ; FREE_PVAL # SUPER FOUR..SUB RIGHT PARENTHESIS
208F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2090..209C ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SUB SM LET A..LAT SUB SM LET T
209D..209F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
20A0..20B9 ; FREE_PVAL # EURO-CURRENCY SIGN..INDIAN RUPEE SI
20BA..20CF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
20D0..20DC ; PVALID # COMB LEFT HARPOON ABOVE..COMB FOUR
20DD..20E0 ; FREE_PVAL # COMB ENC CIRC..COMB ENC CIRC BACKS
20E1 ; PVALID # COMB L R ARROW ABOVE
20E2..20E4 ; FREE_PVAL # COMB ENC SCREEN..COMB ENC UPWARD PO
20E5..20F0 ; PVALID # COMB REV SOLIDUS OVERLAY..COMB ASTE
20F1..20FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2100..2129 ; FREE_PVAL # ACCOUNT OF..TURNED GREEK SM LET IOT
212A..212B ; PVALID # KELVIN SIGN..ANGSTROM SIGN
212C..2131 ; FREE_PVAL # SCRIPT CAP C..SCRIPT CAP F
2132 ; PVALID # TURNED CAP F
2133..214D ; FREE_PVAL # SCRIPT CAP M..AKTIESELSKAB
214E ; PVALID # TURNED SM F
214F..2182 ; DISALLOWED # SYM FOR SAMAR SOURCE..ROM NUM TEN T
2183..2184 ; PVALID # ROM NUM REV ONE HUNDRED..LAT SM LET
2185..2189 ; FREE_PVAL # ROM NUM SIX LATE FORM..VULGAR FRACT
218A..218F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2190..23F3 ; FREE_PVAL # LEFTWARDS ARROW..HOURGLASS WITH FLO
23F4..23FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2400..2426 ; FREE_PVAL # SYM FOR NULL..SYM FOR SUB FORM
2427..243F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2440..244A ; FREE_PVAL # OCR HOOK..OCR DOUBLE BACKSLASH
244B..245F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2460..26FF ; FREE_PVAL # CIRCLED DIG ONE..WHITE FLAG W HORIZ
2700 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2701..2B4C ; FREE_PVAL # UP BLADE SCISSORS..RIGHTWARDS ARROW
2B4D..2B4F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2B50..2B59 ; FREE_PVAL # WHITE MEDIUM STAR..HEAVY CIRCLED SA
2B5A..2BFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2C00..2C2E ; PVALID # GLAG CAP LET AZU..GLAG CA
2C2F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2C30..2C5E ; PVALID # GLAG SM LET AZU..GLAG SMAL
2C5F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2C60..2C7B ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET L W DOUBLE BAR..LAT SM
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2C7C..2C7D ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SUB SM LET J..MOD LET CAP V
2C7E..2CE4 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET S W SWASH TAIL..COPT SY
2CE5..2CEA ; FREE_PVAL # COPT SYM MI RO..COPT SYM SHIMA SIMA
2CEB..2CF3 ; PVALID # COPT CAP LET CRYPTOGRAMMIC SHEI..CO
2CF4..2CF8 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2CF9..2CFF ; FREE_PVAL # COPT OLD NUB FULL STOP..COPT MORPHO
2D00..2D25 ; PVALID # GEORG SM LET AN..GEORG SM LET
2D26 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2D27 ; PVALID # GEORG SM LET YN
2D28..2D2C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2D2D ; PVALID # GEORG SM LET AEN
2D2E..2D2F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2D30..2D67 ; PVALID # TIFINAGH LET YA..TIFINAGH LETTER YO
2D68..2D6E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2D6F..2D70 ; PVALID # TIFINAGH MOD LET LABIALIZATION MARK
2D71..2D7E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2D7F..2D96 ; PVALID # TIFINAGH CONS JOINER..ETHI SYL GGW
2D97..2D9F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2DA0..2DA6 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL SSA..ETHI SYL SSO
2DA7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2DA8..2DAE ; PVALID # ETHI SYL CCA..ETHI SYL CCO
2DAF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2DB0..2DB6 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL ZZA..ETHI SYL ZZO
2DB7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2DB8..2DBE ; PVALID # ETHI SYL CCHA..ETHI SYL CC
2DBF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2DC0..2DC6 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL QYA..ETHI SYL QYO
2DC7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2DC8..2DCE ; PVALID # ETHI SYL KYA..ETHI SYL KYO
2DCF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2DD0..2DD6 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL XYA..ETHI SYL XYO
2DD7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2DD8..2DDE ; PVALID # ETHI SYL GYA..ETHI SYL GYO
2DDF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2DE0..2DFF ; PVALID # COMB CYR LET BE..COMB CYRI
2E00..2E2E ; FREE_PVAL # RIGHT ANGLE SUB MARK..REV QUEST MAR
2E2F ; PVALID # VERT TILDE
2E30..2E3B ; FREE_PVAL # RING PNT..THREE-EM DASH
2E3C..2E7F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2E80..2E99 ; FREE_PVAL # CJK RAD REPEAT..CJK RAD RAP
2E9A ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
2E9B..2EF3 ; FREE_PVAL # CJK RAD CHOKE..CJK RAD C-SIMPLIFIED
2EF4..2EFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2F00..2FD5 ; FREE_PVAL # KANGXI RAD ONE..KANGXI RAD FLUTE
2FD6..2FEF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
2FF0..2FFB ; FREE_PVAL # IDEO DESC CHAR LEFT TO RIGHT..IDEO
2FFC..2FFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
3000..3004 ; FREE_PVAL # IDEO SPACE..JAPAN INDUST STAND
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3005..3007 ; PVALID # IDEO ITER MARK..IDEO NUMB ZERO
3008..3029 ; FREE_PVAL # LEFT ANGLE BRACKET..HANGZH NUM NINE
302A..302D ; PVALID # IDEO LEVEL TONE MARK..IDEO ENT
302E..302F ; FREE_PVAL # HANGUL SING DOT TONE MARK..WAVY DAS
3031..3035 ; DISALLOWED # VERT KANA REP MARK..VERT KANA REP M
3036..303A ; FREE_PVAL # CIRCLED POSTAL MARK..HANGZH NUM THI
303B ; DISALLOWED # VERT IDEO ITER MARK
303C ; PVALID # MASU MARK
303D..303F ; DISALLOWED # PART ALTER MARK..IDEO HALF FILL
3040 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
3041..3096 ; PVALID # HIRAGANA LET SM A..HIRAGANA LET SMA
3097..3098 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
3099..309A ; PVALID # COMB KAT-HIR VOICED SOUND
309B..309C ; FREE_PVAL # KAT-HIR VOICED SOUND MARK..KAT-HIR
309D..309E ; PVALID # HIRAGANA ITER MARK..HIRAGANA VOICED
309F..30A0 ; FREE_PVAL # HIRAGANA DIGRAPH YORI..KAT-HIR DOU
30A1..30FA ; PVALID # KATAKANA LET SM A..KATAKANA LET VO
30FB ; CONTEXTO # KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT
30FC..30FE ; PVALID # KAT-HIR PROLONGED SOUND MARK..KATA
30FF ; FREE_PVAL # KATAKANA DIGRAPH KOTO
3100..3104 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
3105..312D ; PVALID # BOPOMOFO LET B..BOPOMOFO LET IH
312E..3130 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
3131..3163 ; FREE_PVAL # HANGUL LET KIYEOK..HANGUL LET I
3164 ; DISALLOWED # HANGUL FILLER
3165..318E ; FREE_PVAL # HANGUL LET SSANGNIEUN..HANGUL LET
318F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
3190..319F ; FREE_PVAL # IDEO ANNO LINK MARK..IDEO ANNO MAN
31A0..31BA ; PVALID # BOPOMOFO LET BU..BOPOMOFO LET ZY
31BB..31BF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
31C0..31E3 ; FREE_PVAL # CJK STROKE T..CJK STROKE Q
31E4..31EF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
31F0..31FF ; PVALID # KATAKANA LET SM KU..KATAKANA LET SM
3200..321E ; FREE_PVAL # PAREN HANGUL KIYEOK..PAREN KOREAN C
321F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
3220..32FE ; FREE_PVAL # PAREN IDEO ONE..CIRCLED KATAKANA WO
32FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
3300..33FF ; FREE_PVAL # SQUARE APAATO..SQUARE GAL
3400..4DB5 ; PVALID # <CJK Ideograph Extension A>
4DB6..4DBF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
4DC0..4DFF ; FREE_PVAL # HEX FOR THE CREATIVE HEAVEN..HEX FO
4E00..9FCC ; PVALID # <CJK Ideograph>
9FCE..9FFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A000..A48C ; PVALID # YI SYL IT..YI SYL YYR
A48D..A48F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A490..A4C6 ; FREE_PVAL # YI RAD QOT..YI RAD KE
A4C7..A4CF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A4D0..A4FD ; PVALID # LISU LET BA..LISU LET TONE MYA JEU
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A4FE..A4FF ; FREE_PVAL # LISU PUNCT COMMA..LISU PUNCT FUL
A500..A60C ; PVALID # VAI SYL EE..VAI SYL LENENER
A60D..A60F ; FREE_PVAL # VAI COMMA..VAI QUEST MARK
A610..A62B ; PVALID # VAI SYL NDOLE FA..VAI SYL NDOLE DO
A62C..A63F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A640..A66F ; PVALID # CYR CAP LET ZEMLYA..COMB CYR VZMET
A670..A673 ; FREE_PVAL # COMB CYR TEN MILLIONS SIGN..SLAVON
A674..A67D ; PVALID # COMB CYR KAVYKA..COMB CYR PAYEROK
A67E ; FREE_PVAL # CYR KAVYKA
A67F..A697 ; PVALID # CYR PAYEROK..CYR SM LET SHWE
A698..A69E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A69F..A6E5 ; PVALID # COMB CYR LET IOTIFIED E..BAMUM LET
A6E6..A6EF ; FREE_PVAL # BAMUM LET MO..BAMUM LET KOGHOM
A6F0..A6F1 ; PVALID # BAMUM COMB MARK KOQNDON..BAMUM COMB
A6F2..A6F7 ; FREE_PVAL # BAMUM NJAEMLI..BAMUM QUEST MARK
A6F8..A6FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A700..A716 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CHIN TONE YIN PING..MOD
A717..A71F ; PVALID # MOD LET DOT VERT BAR..MOD L
A720..A721 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET STRESS AND HIGH TONE..MOD
A722..A76F ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET EGYPT ALEF..LAT SM LET
A770 ; FREE_PVAL # MODIFIER LETTER US
A771..A788 ; PVALID # LATIN SMALL LETTER DUM..MOD LET LOW
A789..A78A ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET COLON..MOD LET SH EQUALS SI
A78B..A78E ; PVALID # LAT SM LET SALTILLO..LAT SM LET L W
A78F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
A790..A793 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET N W DESC..LAT SM LET C
A794..A79F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A7A0..A7AA ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET G W OBLIQUE STROKE..LAT
A7AB..A7F7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A7F8..A7F9 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CAP H W STROKE..MOD LET SM
A7FA..A827 ; PVALID # LAT LET SM CAP TURNED M..SYLOTI NA
A828..A82B ; FREE_PVAL # SYLOTI NAGRI POET MARK-1..SYLOTI NA
A82C..A82F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A830..A839 ; FREE_PVAL # N INDIC FRACT ONE QUART..N INDIC QU
A83A..A83F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A840..A873 ; PVALID # PHAGS-PA LET KA..PHAGS-PA LET CANDR
A874..A877 ; FREE_PVAL # PHAGS-PA SINGLE HEAD MARK..PHAGS-PA
A878..A87F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A880..A8C4 ; PVALID # SAUR SIGN ANUSVARA..SAUR SIGN VIRAM
A8C5..A8CD ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A8CE..A8CF ; FREE_PVAL # SAUR DANDA..SAUR DOUBLE DANDA
A8D0..A8D9 ; PVALID # SAUR DIG ZERO..SAUR DIG NINE
A8DA..A8DF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A8E0..A8F7 ; PVALID # COMB DEVAN DIG ZERO..DEVAN SIGN CAN
A8F8..A8FA ; FREE_PVAL # DEVAN SIGN PUSHPIKA..DEVAN CARET
A8FB ; PVALID # DEVAN HEADSTROKE
A8FC..A8FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A900..A92D ; PVALID # KAYAH LI DIG ZERO..KAYAH LI TONE CA
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A92E..A92F ; FREE_PVAL # KAYAH LI SIGN CWI..KAYAH LI SIGN SH
A930..A953 ; PVALID # REJANG LET KA..REJANG VIRAMA
A954..A95E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A95F ; FREE_PVAL # REJANG SECTION MARK
A960..A97C ; DISALLOWED # HANGUL CHO TIKEUT-MIUEM..HANGUL CHO
A97D..A97F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A980..A9C0 ; PVALID # JAV SIGN PANYANGGA..JAV PANGKON
A9C1..A9CD ; FREE_PVAL # JAV LEFT RERENGGAN..JAV TURNED PADA
A9CE ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
A9CF..A9D9 ; PVALID # JAV PANGRANGKEP..JAV DIG NINE
A9DA..A9DD ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
A9DE..A9DF ; FREE_PVAL # JAV PADA TIRTA TUMETES..JAV PADA I
A9E0..A9FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
AA00..AA36 ; PVALID # CHAM LET A..CHAM CONS SIGN WA
AA37..AA3F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
AA40..AA4D ; PVALID # CHAM LET FIN K..CHAM CONS SIGN FIN
AA4E..AA4F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
AA50..AA59 ; PVALID # CHAM DIG ZERO..CHAM DIG NINE
AA5A..AA5B ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
AA5C..AA5F ; FREE_PVAL # CHAM PUNCT SPIRAL..CHAM PUNCT TR
AA60..AA76 ; PVALID # MYAN LET KHAMTI GA..MYAN LOGOGRAM K
AA77..AA79 ; FREE_PVAL # MYAN SYM AITON EXCLAM..MYAN SYM AIT
AA7A..AA7B ; PVALID # MYAN LET AITON RA..MYAN SIGN PAO KA
AA7C..AA7F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
AA80..AAC2 ; PVALID # TAI VIET LET LOW KO..TAI VIET TONE
AAC3..AADA ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
AADB..AADD ; PVALID # TAI VIET SYM KON..TAI VIET SYM SAM
AADE..AADF ; FREE_PVAL # TAI VIET SYM HO HOI..TAI VIET SYM K
AAE0..AAEF ; PVALID # MEETEI MAYEK LET E..MEETEI MAYEK VO
AAF0..AAF1 ; FREE_PVAL # MEETEI MAYEK CHEIKHAN..MEETEI MAYEK
AAF2..AAF6 ; PVALID # MEETEI MAYEK ANJI..MEETEI MAYEK VIR
AAF7..AB00 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
AB01..AB06 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL TTHU..ETHI SYL TTHO
AB07..AB08 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
AB09..AB0E ; PVALID # ETHI SYL DDHAA..ETHI SYL DDHO
AB0F..AB10 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
AB11..AB16 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL DZU..ETHI SYL DZO
AB17..AB1F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
AB20..AB26 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL CCHHA..ETHI SYL CCHHO
AB27 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
AB28..AB2E ; PVALID # ETHI SYL BBAA..ETHI SYL BBO
AB2F..ABBF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
ABC0..ABEA ; PVALID # MEETEI MAYEK LET KOK..MEETEI MAYEK
ABEB ; FREE_PVAL # MEETEI MAYEK CHEIKHEI
ABEC..ABED ; PVALID # MEETEI MAYEK LUM IYEK..MEETEI MAYEK
ABEE..ABEF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
ABF0..ABF9 ; PVALID # MEETEI MAYEK DIG ZERO..MEETEI MAYEK
ABFA..ABFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
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AC00..D7A3 ; PVALID # <Hangul Syllable>
D7A4..D7AF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
D7B0..D7C6 ; DISALLOWED # HANGUL JUNG O-YEO..HANGUL JUNG ARAE
D7C7..D7CA ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
D7CB..D7FB ; DISALLOWED # HANGUL JONG NIEUN-RIEUL..HANGUL JON
D7FC..D7FF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
D800..F8FF ; DISALLOWED # <Non Private Use High Surrogate>
F900..FA6D ; PVALID # CJK COMP IDEO-F900..CJK COMP IDEO
FA6E..FA6F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FA70..FAD9 ; FREE_PVAL # CJK COMP IDEO-FA70..CJK COMP IDEO
FADA..FAFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FB00..FB06 ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SM LIG FF..LAT SM LIG ST
FB07..FB12 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FB13..FB17 ; FREE_PVAL # ARMENIAN SM LIG MEN NOW..ARMENIAN SM
FB18..FB1C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FB1D..FB1F ; PVALID # HEBR LET YOD W HIRIQ..HEBR LIG YID Y
FB20..FB29 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR LET ALT AYIN..HEB LET ALT PLUS
FB2A..FB36 ; PVALID # HEBR LET SHIN W SHIN DOT..HEBR LET Z
FB37 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
FB38..FB3C ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR LET TET W DAGESH..HEBR LET
FB3D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
FB3E ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR LET MEM W DAGESH
FB3F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
FB40..FB41 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR LET NUN W DAGESH..HEBR LET
FB42 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
FB43..FB44 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR LET FIN PE W DAGESH..HEBR L
FB45 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
FB46..FB4E ; PVALID # HEBR LET TSADI W DAGESH..HEBR LET P
FB4F..FBC1 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR LIG ALEF LAMED..ARAB SYM S
FBC2..FBD2 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FBD3..FD3F ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB LET NG ISO FORM..ORNATE RIGHT
FD40..FD4F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FD50..FD8F ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB LIG TEH W JEEM W MEEM INIT
FD90..FD91 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FD92..FDC7 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB LIG MEEM W JEEM W KHAH INI
FDC8..FDEF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FDF0..FDFD ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB LIG SALLA USED..ARAB LIG BISMI
FDFE..FDFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FE00..FE0F ; PVALID # VAR SEL-1..VAR SEL-16
FE10..FE19 ; FREE_PVAL # PRES FORM FOR VERT COMMA..PRES FORM
FE20..FE26 ; PVALID # COMB LIG LEFT HALF..COMB CONJ MACRO
FE27..FE2F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FE30..FE52 ; FREE_PVAL # PRES FORM FOR VERT TWO DOT LEAD..SM
FE53 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
FE54..FE66 ; FREE_PVAL # SM SEMICOLON..SM EQUALS SIGN
FE67 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
FE68..FE6B ; FREE_PVAL # SM REV SOLIDUS..SM COMM AT
FE6C..FE6F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
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FE70..FE72 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB FATHATAN ISO FORM..ARAB DAMMAT
FE73 ; PVALID # ARAB TAIL FRAGMENT
FE74 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB KASRATAN ISO FORM
FE75 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
FE76..FEFC ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB FATHA ISO FORM..ARAB LIG LAM W
FEFD..FEFE ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FEFF ; DISALLOWED # ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE
FF00 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
FF01..FF9F ; FREE_PVAL # FULLW EXCLAM MARK..HALFW KATA SE
FFA0 ; DISALLOWED # HALFW HANGUL FILLER
FFA1..FFBE ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW HANGUL LET KIYEOK..HALFW H
FFBF..FFC1 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FFC2..FFC7 ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW HANGUL LET A..HALFW HANGUL
FFC8..FFC9 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FFCA..FFCF ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW HANGUL LET YEO..HALFW HANGU
FFD0..FFD1 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FFD2..FFD7 ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW HANGUL LET YO..HALFW HANGUL
FFD8..FFD9 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FFDA..FFDC ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW HANGUL LET EU..HALFW HANGUL
FFDD..FFDF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FFE0..FFE6 ; FREE_PVAL # FULLW CENT SIGN..FULLW WON SIGN
FFE7 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
FFE8..FFEE ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW FORMS LIGHT VERT..HALFW WH
FFEF..FFF8 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
FFF9..FFFB ; DISALLOWED # INTERL ANNO ANCHOR..INTERL ANNO TER
FFFC..FFFD ; FREE_PVAL # OBJECT REPL CHAR..REPL CHAR
FFFE..FFFF ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10000..1000B; PVALID # LIN B SYL B008 A..LIN B SYL
1000C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1000D..10026; PVALID # LIN B SYL B036 JO..LIN B SYL
10027 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
10028..1003A; PVALID # LIN B SYL B060 RA..LIN B SYL
1003B ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1003C..1003D; PVALID # LIN B SYL B017 ZA..LIN B SYL
1003E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1003F..1004D; PVALID # LIN B SYL B020 ZO..LIN B SYL
1004E..1004F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10050..1005D; PVALID # LIN B SYM B018..LIN B SYM B089
1005E..1007F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10080..100FA; PVALID # LIN B IDEO B100 MAN..LIN B IDEO
100FB..100FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10100..10102; FREE_PVAL # AEG WORD SEP LINE..AEG CHECK MAR
10103..10106; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10107..10133; FREE_PVAL # AEG NUM ONE..AEG NUM NINETY THOU
10134..10136; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10137..1018A; FREE_PVAL # AEG WEIGHT BASE UNIT..GREEK ZERO SI
1018B..1018F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10190..1019B; FREE_PVAL # ROM SEXTANS SIGN..ROM CENTURIAL SIG
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1019C..101CF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
101D0..101FC; FREE_PVAL # PHAISTOS DISC SIGN PED..PHAISTOS DI
101FD ; PVALID # PHAISTOS DISC SIGN COMB OBLIQUE STR
101FE..1027F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10280..1029C; PVALID # LYCIAN LET A..LYCIAN LET X
1029D..1029F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
102A0..102D0; PVALID # CARIAN LET A..CARIAN LET UUU3
102D1..102FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10300..1031E; PVALID # OLD ITAL LET A..OLD ITAL LET UU
1031F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
10320..10323; FREE_PVAL # OLD ITAL NUM ONE..OLD ITAL NUM F
10324..1032F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10330..10340; PVALID # GOTH LET AHSA..GOTH LET PAIRTHRA
10341 ; FREE_PVAL # GOTH LET NINETY
10342..10349; PVALID # GOTH LET RAIDA..GOTH LET OTHAL
1034A ; FREE_PVAL # GOTH LET NINE HUNDRED
1034B..1037F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10380..1039D; PVALID # UGAR LET ALPA..UGAR LET SSU
1039E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1039F ; FREE_PVAL # UGAR WORD DIVIDER
103A0..103C3; PVALID # OLD PERS SIGN A..OLD PERS SIGN HA
103C4..103C7; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
103C8..103CF; PVALID # OLD PERS SIGN AURAMAZDAA..OLD PERS
103D0..103D5; FREE_PVAL # OLD PERS WORD DIVIDER..OLD PERS NUM
103D6..103FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10400..1049D; PVALID # DESERET CAP LET LONG I..OSMANYA LET
1049E..1049F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
104A0..104A9; PVALID # OSMANYA DIG ZERO..OSMANYA DIG NINE
104AA..107FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10800..10805; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL A..CYPRIOT SYL JA
10806..10807; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10808 ; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL JO
10809 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1080A..10835; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL KA..CYPRIOT SYL WO
10836 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
10837..10838; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL XA..CYPRIOT SYL XE
10839..1083B; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1083C ; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL ZA
1083D..1083E; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1083F..10855; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL ZO..IMP ARAM LET TAW
10856 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
10857..1085F; FREE_PVAL # IMP ARAM SECT SIGN..IMP ARAM
10860..108FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10900..10915; PVALID # PHOEN LET ALF..PHOEN LET TAU
10916..1091B; FREE_PVAL # PHOEN NUM ONE..PHOEN NUM THR
1091C..1091E; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1091F ; FREE_PVAL # PHOEN WORD SEP
10920..10939; PVALID # LYDIAN LET A..LYDIAN LET C
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1093A..1093E; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1093F ; FREE_PVAL # LYDIAN TRIANGULAR MARK
10940..1097F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10980..109B7; PVALID # MERO HIER LET A..MERO CURS LET
109B8..109BD; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
109BE..109BF; PVALID # MERO CURS LOG RMT..MERO CURS L
109C0..109FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10A00..10A03; PVALID # KHARO LET A..KHARO VOW SIGN V
10A04 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
10A05..10A06; PVALID # KHARO VOW SIGN E..KHARO VOW SI
10A07..10A0B; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10A0C..10A13; PVALID # KHARO VOW LEN MARK..KHARO LET
10A14 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
10A15..10A17; PVALID # KHARO LET CA..KHARO LET JA
10A18 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
10A19..10A33; PVALID # KHARO LET NYA..KHARO LET TTT
10A34..10A37; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10A38..10A3A; PVALID # KHARO SIGN BAR ABOVE..KHARO SIGN D
10A3B..10A3E; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10A3F ; PVALID # KHARO VIRAMA
10A40..10A47; FREE_PVAL # KHARO DIG ONE..KHARO NUM ONE
10A48..10A4F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10A50..10A58; FREE_PVAL # KHARO PUNCT DOT..KHARO PUNCT
10A59..10A5F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10A60..10A7C; PVALID # OLD S ARAB LET HE..OLD SOUTH ARAB
10A7D..10A7F; FREE_PVAL # OLD S ARAB NUM ONE..OLD SOUTH ARAB
10A80..10AFF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10B00..10B35; PVALID # AVESTAN LET A..AVESTAN LET HE
10B36..10B38; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10B39..10B3F; FREE_PVAL # AVESTAN ABBR MARK..LARGE ONE RING O
10B40..10B55; PVALID # INSCRIPT PARTHIAN LET ALEPH..INSCRI
10B56..10B57; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10B58..10B5F; FREE_PVAL # INSCRIPT PARTHIAN NUM ONE..INSCRIPT
10B60..10B72; PVALID # INSCRIPT PAHLAVI LET ALEPH..INSCRIP
10B73..10B77; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10B78..10B7F; FREE_PVAL # INSCRIPT PAHLAVI NUM ONE..INSCRIPT
10B80..10BFF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10C00..10C48; PVALID # OLD TURK LET ORKHON A..OLD TURK LET
10C49..10E5F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
10E60..10E7E; FREE_PVAL # RUMI DIG ONE..RUMI FRACTION TWO THI
10E7F..10FFF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
11000..11046; PVALID # BRAHMI SIGN CANDRABINDU..BRAHMI VIR
11047..1104D; FREE_PVAL # BRAHMI DANDA..BRAHMI PUNCT LOTUS
1104E..11051; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
11052..11065; FREE_PVAL # BRAHMI NUM ONE..BRAHMI NUM ONE THOU
11066..1106F; PVALID # BRAHMI DIG ZERO..BRAHMI DIG NINE
11070..1107F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
11080..110BA; PVALID # KAITHI SIGN CANDRABINDU..KAITHI SIG
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110BB..110BC; FREE_PVAL # KAITHI ABBR SIGN..KAITHI ENUM SIGN
110BD ; DISALLOWED # KAITHI NUM SIGN
110BE..110C1; FREE_PVAL # KAITHI SECT MARK..KAITHI DOUBLE DAN
110C2..110CF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
110D0..110F8; PVALID # SORA SOMPENG LETTER SAH..SORA SOMPE
110F9..110EF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
110F0..110F9; PVALID # SORA SOMPENG DIG ZERO..SORA SOMPENG DI
110FA..110FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
11100..11134; PVALID # CHAKMA SIGN CANDRABINDU..CHAKMA MAAYY
11135 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
11136..1113F; PVALID # CHAKMA DIG ZERO..CHAKMA DIG NINE
11140..11143; FREE_PVAL # CHAKMA SECT MARK..CHAKMA QUEST MARK
11144..1117F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
11180..111C4; PVALID # SHARADA SIGN CANDRABINDU..SHARADA OM
111C5..111C8; FREE_PVAL # SHARADA DANDA..SHARADA SEPARATOR
111C9..111CF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
111D0..111D9; PVALID # SHARADA DIG ZERO..SHARADA DIG NINE
111DA..1167F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
11680..116B7; PVALID # TAKRI LET A..TAKRI SIGN NUKTA
116B8..116BF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
116C0..116C9; PVALID # TAKRI DIGIT ZERO..TAKRI DIG NINE
116CA..1FFFF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
12000..1236E; PVALID # CUNEI SIGN A..CUNEI SIGN ZUM
1236F..123FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
12400..12462; FREE_PVAL # CUNEI NUM SIGN TWO ASH..CUNEI NUM
12463..1246F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
12470..12473; FREE_PVAL # CUNEI PUNCT SIGN OLD ASSYRIAN WORD
12474..12FFF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
13000..1342E; PVALID # EGYPT HIERO A001..EGYPT HIERO AA032
1342F..167FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
16800..16A38; PVALID # BAMUM LET PHASE-A NGKUE MFON..BAMUN LE
16A39..16EFF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
16F00..16F44; PVALID # MIAO LET PA..MIAO LET HHA
16F45..16F4F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
16F50..16F7E; PVALID # MIAO LET NAS..MIAO VOWEL SIGN NG
16F7F..16F8E; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
16F8F..16F9F; PVALID # MIAO TONE RIGHT..MIAO LET REF TON
16FA0..1AFFF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1B000..1B001; PVALID # KATA LET ARCH E..KATA LET ARCH YE
1B002..1CFFF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D000..1D0F5; FREE_PVAL # BYZ MUS SYM PSILI..BYZ MUS
1D0F6..1D0FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D100..1D126; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM SINGLE BARLINE..MUS SYMBOL
1D127..1D128; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D129..1D164; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM MULT MEASURE REST..MUS SYM ONE
1D165..1D169; PVALID # MUS SYM COMB STEM..MUS SYM COMB TREMOL
1D16A..1D16C; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM FING TREM-1..MUS SYM FING TREM
1D16D..1D172; PVALID # MUS SYM COMB AUG DOT..MUS SYM COMB FL
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1D173..1D17A; DISALLOWED # MUS SYM BEGIN BEAM..MUS SYM END PHRASE
1D17B..1D182; PVALID # MUS SYM COMB ACCENT..MUS SYM COMB LOUR
1D183..1D184; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM ARP UP..MUS SYM ARP DOWN
1D185..1D18B; PVALID # MUS SYM COMB DOIT..MUS SYM COMB TRIPLE
1D18C..1D1A9; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM RINFORZANDO..MUS SYM DEG SLASH
1D1AA..1D1AD; PVALID # MUS SYM COMB DOWN BOW..MUS SYM COMB SN
1D1AE..1D1DD; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM PEDAL MARK..MUS SYM PES SUBPUN
1D1DE..1D1FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D200..1D241; FREE_PVAL # GREEK VOCAL NOTATION SYM-1..GREEK INS
1D242..1D244; FREE_PVAL # COMB GREEK MUS TRISEME..COMB GREEK MU
1D245 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK MUSICAL LEIMMA
1D246..1D2FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D300..1D356; DISALLOWED # MONOG FOR EARTH..TETRAG FOR FOSTERING
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1D360..1D371; DISALLOWED # COUNT ROD UNIT DIG ONE..COUNT ROD TE
1D372..1D3FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D400..1D454; FREE_PVAL # MATH BOLD CAP A..MATH IT
1D455 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1D456..1D49C; FREE_PVAL # MATH ITAL SM I..MATH SC
1D49D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1D49E..1D49F; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT CAP C..MATH
1D4A0..1D4A1; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D4A2 ; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT CAP G
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1D4A5..1D4A6; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT CAP J..MATH
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1D4A9..1D4AC; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT CAP N..MATH
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1D4AE..1D4B9; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT CAP S..MATH
1D4BA ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1D4BB ; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT SM F
1D4BC ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1D4BD..1D4C3; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT SM H..MATH SC
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1D4C5..1D505; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT SM P..MATH FR
1D506 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1D507..1D50A; FREE_PVAL # MATH FRAKTUR CAP D..MATH
1D50B..1D50C; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D50D..1D514; FREE_PVAL # MATH FRAKTUR CAP J..MATH
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1D516..1D51C; FREE_PVAL # MATH FRAKTUR CAP S..MATH
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1D51E..1D539; FREE_PVAL # MATH FRAKTUR SM A..MATH D
1D53A ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1D53B..1D53E; FREE_PVAL # MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK CAP D..MATHEM
1D53F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1D540..1D544; FREE_PVAL # MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK CAP I..MATHEM
1D545 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
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1D546 ; FREE_PVAL # MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK CAP O
1D547..1D549; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D54A..1D550; FREE_PVAL # MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK CAP S..MATHEM
1D551 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1D552..1D6A5; FREE_PVAL # MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK SM A..MATHEMAT
1D6A6..1D6A7; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D6A8..1D7CB; FREE_PVAL # MATH BOLD CAP ALPHA..MATHEMATICA
1D7CC..1D7CD; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1D7CE..1D7FF; FREE_PVAL # MATH BOLD DIG ZERO..MATH M
1D800..1EDFF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1EE00..1EE03; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH ALEF..ARAB MATH DAL
1EE04 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE05..1EE1F; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH WAW..ARAB MATH DOTLESS QAF
1EE20 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE21..1EE22; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT BEH..ARAB MATH INIT JEE
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1EE24 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT HEH
1EE25..1EE26; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1EE27 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT HAH
1EE28 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE29..1EE32; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT YEH..ARAB MATH INIT QAF
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1EE34..1EE37; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT SHEEN..ARAB MATH INITIA
1EE38 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE39 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT SHEEN
1EE3A ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE3B ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT GHAIN
1EE3C..1EE41; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1EE42 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED JEEM
1EE43..1EE46; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1EE47 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED HAH
1EE48 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE49 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED YEH
1EE4A ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE4B ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED LAM
1EE4C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE4D..1EE4F; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED NOON..ARAB MATH TAILE
1EE50 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE51..1EE52; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED QAF..ARAB MATH TAILED
1EE53 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE54 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED SHEEN
1EE55..1EE56; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1EE57 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED KHAH
1EE58 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE59 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED DAD
1EE5A ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE5B ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED GHAIN
1EE5C ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
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1EE5D ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED DOTLESS NOON
1EE5E ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE5F ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED DOTLESS GHAIN
1EE60 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE61..1EE62; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED BEH..ARAB MATH STR
1EE63 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE64 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED HEH
1EE65..1EE66; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1EE67..1EE6A; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED HAH..ARAB MATH STR
1EE6B ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE6C..1EE72; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED MEEM..ARAB MATH ST
1EE73 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE74..1EE77; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED SHEEN..ARAB MATH S
1EE78 ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE79..1EE7C; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED DAD..ARAB MATH STR
1EE7D ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE7E ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED DOTLESS FEH
1EE7F ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE80..1EE89; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH LOOPED ALEF..ARAB MATH LOOPE
1EE8A ; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>
1EE8B..1EE9B; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH LOOPED LAM..ARAB MATH LOOPED
1EE9C..1EEA0; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1EEA1..1EEA3; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK BEH..ARAB MATH
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1EEA5..1EEA9; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK WAW..ARAB MATH
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1EEAB..1EEBB; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK LAM..ARAB MATH
1EEBC..1EEEF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1EEF0..1EEF1; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH OP MEEM W HAH W TATWHEEL..AR
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1F000..1F02B; FREE_PVAL # MAHJONG TILE EAST WIND..MAHJONG TILE B
1F02C..1F02F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1F030..1F093; FREE_PVAL # DOMINO TILE HORIZ BACK..DOMINO TILE VE
1F094..1F09F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1F0A0..1F0AE; FREE_PVAL # PLAY CARD BACK..PLAY CARD KING OF SPAD
1F0AF..1F0B0; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1F0B1..1F0BE; FREE_PVAL # PLAY CARD ACE OF HEARTS..PLAY CARD KIN
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1F0C1..1F0CF; FREE_PVAL # PLAY CARD ACE OF DIAMONDS..PLAY CARD B
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1F0D1..1F0DF; FREE_PVAL # PLAY CARD ACE OF CLUBS..PLAY CARD WHIT
1F0E0..1F0FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1F100..1F10A; FREE_PVAL # DIG ZERO FULL STOP..DIG NINE COMMA
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1F110..1F12E; FREE_PVAL # PARENTHESIZED LAT CAP LET A..CIRCLE
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1F130..1F16B; FREE_PVAL # SQUARED LAT CAP LET A..RAISED MD SIGN
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1F170..1F19A; FREE_PVAL # NEG SQ LAT CAP LET A..SQUARED VS
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1F1E6..1F202; FREE_PVAL # REG IND SYMB LET A..SQ KATAKANA SA
1F203..1F20F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1F210..1F23A; FREE_PVAL # SQ CJK UNIF IDEO-624B..SQ CJK UNIF IDE
1F23B..1F23F; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1F240..1F248; FREE_PVAL # TORT SH BRACK CJK UNIF IDEO-672C..TORT
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1F250..1F251; FREE_PVAL # CIRC IDEO ADVANTAGE..CIRC IDEO ACCEPT
1F252..1F2FF; UNASSIGNED # <reserved>..<reserved>
1F300..1F320; FREE_PVAL # CYCLONE..SHOOTING STAR
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1F330..1F335; FREE_PVAL # CHESTNUT..CACTUS
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2A700..2B734; PVALID # <CJK Ideograph Extension C>
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Appendix B. Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the comments and contributions
of the following individuals: David Black, Mark Davis, Alan DeKok,
Martin Duerst, Patrik Faltstrom, Ted Hardie, Joe Hildebrand, Paul
Hoffman, Jeffrey Hutzelman, Simon Josefsson, John Klensin, Alexey
Melnikov, Takahiro Nemoto, Yoav Nir, Mike Parker, Pete Resnick,
Andrew Sullivan, Dave Thaler, and Yoshiro Yoneya.
Some algorithms and textual descriptions have been borrowed from
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[RFC5892]. Some text regarding security has been borrowed from
[RFC5890] and [I-D.ietf-xmpp-6122bis].
Authors' Addresses
Peter Saint-Andre
Cisco Systems, Inc.
1899 Wynkoop Street, Suite 600
Denver, CO 80202
USA
Phone: +1-303-308-3282
Email: psaintan@cisco.com
Marc Blanchet
Viagenie
246 Aberdeen
Quebec, QC G1R 2E1
Canada
Email: Marc.Blanchet@viagenie.ca
URI: http://www.viagenie.ca/
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