autoconf Working Group Jaehwoon Lee
Internet Draft Dongguk University
Expires: January 4, 2009 Sanghynn Ahn
University of Seoul
Younghan Kim
Soongsil University
Yuseon Kim
Sangeon Kim
KT
July 5, 2008
Scope-Extended Router Advertisement for Connected MANETs
draft-jaehwoon-autoconf-sera-00.txt
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Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008).
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Abstract
In the connected MANET, the MANET Border Router (MBR) is used to
connect the MANET with the external network and MANET nodes are
required to know the MBR address to communicate with hosts in the
external network. One way of acquiring the MBR address is to use the
Router Advertisement (RA) and the Router Solicitation (RS) messages.
In order to allow RA/RS messages to be delivered in the multi-hop
MANET, the modified RA/RS message has been defined [5]. However,
this approach may incur the duplicate packet reception problem due
to rebroadcasting of received RA/RS messages to its neighbors.
In this draft, we define the scope-extended Router Advertisement/
Solicitation message for announcing/solicitating the MBR address in
the connected MANET. In the scope-extended RA/RS message, a new
message field, the sequence number field, is defined so that
duplicate RA/RS messages can be detected based on the sequence
number and the IP address included in the message.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction..................................................3
2. Terminology...................................................3
3. Message Format................................................4
3.1 IPv4......................................................4
3.1.1 ICMP Scope-Extended Router Solicitation Message.....4
3.1.2 ICMP Scope-Extended Router Advertisement Message....5
3.2 IPv6......................................................6
3.2.1 ICMP Scope-Extended Router Solicitation Message.....6
3.2.2 ICMP Scope-Extended Router Advertisement Message....8
3.3 Source Manet Address Option...............................9
4. Security Considerations.......................................9
5. IANA Considerations...........................................10
References.......................................................10
Author's Addresses...............................................10
Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements ..................12
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1. Introduction
The mobile ad hoc network (MANET) enables mobile nodes to communicate
via multiple wireless hops without the need of any wired
infrastructure[1]. In a MANET, two nodes not within their
transmission range have to deliver data to each other through other
intermediate nodes. For forwarding packets destined to other nodes,
each node must have the routing capability, i.e., the mechanism for
establishing data delivery routes between any pair of source and
destination nodes, as well as acting as a source and/or a destination
node(s). In addition to that, the IP address auto-configuration
mechanism suitable for the MANET environment is required.
The MANET can be classified into the standalone MANET and the
connected MANET. For the connected MANET, the MANET Border Router
(MBR) which acts as the gateway connecting the MANET with the
external network has been defined. Through the MBR, MANET nodes can
communicate with hosts located in the external network. Therefore,
MANET nodes have to know the MBR address. One way of obtaining the
MBR address is to use the Simplified Multicast Forwarding (SMF)[2].
Another method is to use the Router Advertisement (RA) and the Router
Solicitation (RS) messages[3-4]. However, these RA and RS messages
are delivered only upto 1 hop, so can not be used in a multi-hop
wireless network such as the MANET. In order to overcome this
limitation, the modified RA message has been defined for the
multi-hop wireless MANET [5]. However, in this approach, the
duplicate packet reception problem can occur since, if a node
broadcasts a RA/RS message, it can receive the same RA/RS message
which was re-broadcast by one of its neighbors.
In this draft, we define the scope-extended Router Advertisement/
Solicitation message for announcing/solicitating the MBR address in
the connected MANET. In the scope-extended RA/RS message, a new
message field, the sequence number field, is defined so that
duplicate RA/RS messages can be detected based on the sequence
number and the IP address included in the message.
2. Terminology
No new terminology is defined in this draft.
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3. Message Format
3.1 IPv4
In IPv4, the scope-extended router advertisement information is
included in the ICMP message [3].
3.1.1 ICMP Scope-Extended Router Solicitation Message
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type | Code | Checksum |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Sequence Number| Cur hop limit | Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Originator Address |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
IP Fields:
Source Address The IP address configured at the MANET
interface of the MANET router (MR) sending
this message.
Destination Address 224.0.0.1 or 255.255.255.255
Time-to-Live 1
ICMP Fields:
Type TBD
Code 0
Sequence Number This number is increased by 1 whenever the
originating MR sends a scope-extended RS
message. The sequence number and the
originator address (see below) are used for
the message duplication check.
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Cur Hop Limit Initially set to 255. An intermediate route
reduces this value by 1 before
rebroadcasting it.
Reserved Sent as 0; ignored on reception.
Originator Address The IP address assigned to the MANET
interface of the MR that originates the
message.
3.1.2 ICMP Scope-Extended Router Advertisement Message
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type | Code | Checksum |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Sequence Number| Cur Hop Limit | Prefix Length | Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Reserved | Lifetime |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| MBR Address |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
IP Fields:
Source Address The IP address configured at the MANET
interface of the MR sending this message.
If this message is sent as a reply to a
scope-extended RS message, this field has
the IP address configured at the MANET
interface of the MBR originating this
scope-extended RA message. If it is a
proactively sent message, this field has the
IP address configured at the MANET interface
of the MR sending this message.
Destination Address The IP address of the MANET interface of the
MR originating the scope-extended RS message,
if this scope-extended RA message is sent as
a reply to the scope-extended RS message.
Otherwise, set to the broadcast address.
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Time-to-Live 1 if the Destination Address is the
broadcast address; at least 1, otherwise.
ICMP Fields:
Type TBD
Code 0
Sequence Number This number is increased by 1 by the MR
originating the scope-extended RS message
to which this scope-extended RA is sent as
a reply. The sequence number and the
originator address are used for the message
duplication check.
Cur hop limit Initially set to 255. An intermediate route
reduces this value by 1 before
rebroadcasting it. If the reduced value is
0, this message is silently discarded.
Prefix Length The prefix length of the IPv4 address
assigned to the MANET interface of the MBR.
Router Address The IP address assigned to the MANET inter-
face of the MBR originating this message.
3.2 IPv6
In IPv6, the scope-extended router advertisement information is
defined as a part of the neighbor discovery in [4].
3.2.1 ICMP Scope-Extended Router Solicitation Message
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type | Code | Checksum |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Sequence Number| Cur Hop Limit | Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Options ...
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-
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IP Fields:
Source Address The IP address configured at the MANET
interface of the MR sending this message.
Destination Address The all-routers multicast address or the
all-nodes multicast address.
Time-to-Live 255
ICMP Fields:
Type TBD
Code 0
Sequence Number This number is increased by 1 whenever the
originating MR sends a RS message. The
sequence number and the originator address
are used for the message duplication check.
Cur Hop Limit Initially set to 255. An intermediate route
reduces this value by 1 before
rebroadcasting it. If the reduced value is
0, this message is silently discarded.
Options:
Source Manet address [5]
The IP address assigned to the MANET
interface of the MR that originates the
message.
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3.2.2 ICMP Scope-Extended Router Advertisement Message
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type | Code | Checksum |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Sequence Number| Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Cur Hop Limit |M|O| Reserved | Router Lifetime |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Reachable Time |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Retrans Timer |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Options ...
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-
IP Fields:
Source Address If this message is sent as a reply to a
scope-extended RS message, this field has
the IP address configured at the MANET
interface of the MBR originating this
message. If this messages is a proactively
sent message, this field has the IP address
configured at the MANET interface of the MR
sending this message.
Destination Address Typically the Source Address of the invoking
scope-extended Router Solicitation or the
all-nodes multicast address.
Hop Limit 255
ICMP Fields:
Type TBD
Code 0
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Sequence Number This number is increased by 1 whenever the
originating MBR sends a RA message. The
sequence number and the originator address
are used for the message duplication check.
Possible options:
Prefix option This option SHOULD be included. The prefix
field in this option is set to the prefix
of the IPv6 address configured at the
MANET interface of the MBR originating this
message.
3.3. Source Manet Address Option [5]
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type | Length | Manet Address ...
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Type 10
Length 3
The length of the option (including the
type and length fields) in units of 8
octets.
Manet Address The IPv6 address configured at the MANET
interface of the original source of this
message.
4. Security Consideration
There is no special security considerations in this draft.
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5. IANA Considerations
This draft document defines a new type in the ICMP message. An Type
value for the scope-extended Router Discovery message for MANET must
be assigned by IANA.
References
[1] I. Chakeres, J. Macker and T. Clausen, "Mobile Ad hoc Network
Architecture", draft-ietf-autoconf-manetarch-07,
Work in progress, Nov. 2007.
[2] J. Macker, "Simplified Multicast Forwarding for MANET",
draft-ietf-manet-smf-07, Work in progress, Feb. 2008.
[3] S. Deering, "ICMP Router Discovery Messages", RFC 1256,
Sep. 1991.
[4] T. Narten, E. Nordmark, W. Simpson and H. Soliman, "Neighbor
Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 3861, Sep. 2007.
[5] R. Wakikawa, J. Malinen, C. Perkins, A. NIlsson and A. Tuominen,
Global connectivity for IPv6 Mobile Ad Hoc Networks", Work in
progress, Oct. 2003.
Author's Addresses
Jaehwoon Lee
Dongguk University
26, 3-ga Pil-dong, Chung-gu
Seoul 100-715, KOREA
Email: jaehwoon@dongguk.edu
Sanghyun Ahn
University of Seoul
90, Cheonnong-dong, Tongdaemun-gu
Seoul 130-743, KOREA
Email: ahn@uos.ac.kr
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Younghan Kim
Soongsil University
11F Hyungnam Engineering Bldg. 317, Sangdo-Dong,
Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-743 Korea
E-main: yhkim@dcn.ssu.ac.kr
Yuseon Kim
KT
17 Woomyeon-dong, Seocho-gu
Seoul 137-792, KOREA
Email: yseonkim@kt.co.kr
Sangeon Kim
KT
17 Woomyeon-dong, Seocho-gu
Seoul 137-792, KOREA
Email: sekim@kt.co.kr
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