Network Working Group                                Sami Boutros (Ed.)
Internet Draft                                      Siva Sivabalan(Ed.)
Intended status: Standards Track                         George Swallow
Expires: September 2009                                      David Ward
                                                          Stewart Bryant
                                                     Cisco Systems, Inc.

                                                           March 9, 2009


           Performance Monitoring of MPLS Transport Profile LSP
                 draft-boutros-mpls-tp-performance-01.txt

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Abstract

  This document specifies an extension to MPLS Operation,
  Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) for monitoring the performance
  of an MPLS Transport Profile(MPLS-TP) Label Switched Path (LSP) with
  respect to packet loss and unidirectional delay/jitter.

Table of Contents





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   1. Introduction...................................................2
   2. Terminology....................................................4
   3. MPLS-TP Performance Monitor Mechanism..........................5
   4. MPLS-OAM Performance Message...................................5
      4.1. In-band Message Identification............................5
      4.2. Out-of-band Message Identification........................6
      4.3. MPLS-OAM Performance control Message Format...............6
      4.4. Performance Request TLV...................................8
      4.5. Packet Loss Reporting TLV.................................9
      4.6. Performance Removal.......................................9
      4.7. MPLS-OAM PF Packet........................................9
      4.8. Monitoring regular PW packets............................10
      4.9. Network Management System................................10
   5. Operation.....................................................11
   6. Security Considerations.......................................12
   7. IANA Considerations...........................................12
   8. References....................................................12
      8.1. Normative References.....................................12
      8.2. Informative References...................................13
   Author's Addresses...............................................14
   Full Copyright Statement.........................................14
   Intellectual Property Statement..................................15

1. Introduction

   In traditional transport networks, circuits such as T1 lines are
   provisioned on multiple switches, and service providers should be
   able to monitor the performance of such circuits for management
   purpose. For example, when performance of a primary circuit degrades
   backup circuit may be activated. An MPLS-TP bidirectional LSPs
   emulate the traditional transport circuits and hence should provide
   the same performance measurement capability. In this document, an
   MPLS-TP LSP means either an MPLS transport LSP or an MPLS Pseudowire
   (PW).

   This document specifies an MPLS-TP LSP performance monitoring scheme
   that is based on two new types of MPLS-OAM packets called "MPLS-OAM
   Performance Control(PC)" and "MPLS-OAM Performance Flow(PF)". These
   packets are sent at a rate that is acceptable to both sender and
   receiver. The MPLS-OAM PC packets are used to setup an MPLS-TP LSP
   for performance monitoring, and the MPLS-OAM PF packets are used as
   the probes for collecting performance data.

   Performance can be monitored using one of the two following modes:





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     On-Demand: An MPLS-TP LSP's performance is monitored only based on
     operator request, i.e., performance is not monitored automatically
     as soon as the LSP becomes operational.

     Continuous: In this mode, it is assumed that an MPLS-TP LSP is
     configured for continuous performance monitoring. Also, the
     relevant configuration can be applied to and removed from an MPLS-
     TP LSP at any time during the life of the LSP. When configured for
     continuous performance monitoring, an MPLS-TP LSP's performance is
     continuously monitored as soon as it becomes operational.

   The following features are common to both the on-demand and the
   continuous modes:

   1. The LSP can be optionally locked for data traffic.

   2. MPLS-OAM PC and PF packets can be consumed by either a Maintenance
     Intermediate Point (MIP) or a Maintenance End Point (MEP).

   3. MPLS-OAM PC and PF packets are intercepted at any MIP based on
     MPLS TTL expiry, and are intercepted at MEP simply because it is
     the egress LSR of the LSP (i.e., regardless of the TTL value).

   4. More than one MPLS-OAM performance flows can be maintained
     simultaneously from a MEP to any MIP or the other MEP.

   5. The transmission rate of MPLS-OAM PF packets MUST be acceptable to
     both the sender and the receiver, otherwise transmission of such
     packets MUST NOT begin. The rate is negotiated via MPLS-OAM PC
     packets.

   6. An MPLS OAM PF packets contains sequence number and time-stamp to
     measure packet loss and unidirectional delay/jitter.

   In the continuous mode, the MEP at which performance is monitored is
   configured to send MPLS-OAM PF packets continuously to different MIPs
   and/or the other MEP. The configuration specifies:

   . Rate at which the MPLS-OAM PF packets are sent.

   . Addresses of MIPs/MEP to which the MPLS-OAM PF packets are
     destined.

   . Whether or not performance is monitored in both directions of the
     MPLS-TP LSP.




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   . Rate at which the number of lost MPLS-OAM PF packets should be
     reported to the sender MEP.

   The proposed mechanism is based on a set of new TLVs which can be
   transported using one of the following methods:

       1. Using in-band MPLS OAM messages which are forwarded as MPLS
          packets (non-IP based).

       2. Using in-band LSP-Ping extensions defined in [3] where IP/UDP
          packets are used (IP-based). The LSP-Ping messages are sent
          using the codepoint defined in [2].

   Method (1) and (2) are referred to as "Non-IP option" and "LSP-Ping
   option" respectively in the rest of the document.

   Conventions used in this document

   In examples, "C:" and "S:" indicate lines sent by the client and
   server respectively.

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119 [1].

2. Terminology

   ACH: Associated Channel Header

   LSR: Label Switching Router

   MEP: Maintenance End Point

   MIP: Maintenance Intermediate Point

   MPLS-OAM: MPLS Operations, Administration and Maintenance

   MPLS-TP: MPLS Transport Profile

   MPLS-TP LSP: Bidirectional Label Switch Path representing a circuit

   NMS: Network Management System

   PC: Performance Control

   PF: Performance Flow



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   PM: Performance Monitoring

   TLV: Type Length Value

   TTL: Time To Live

3. MPLS-TP Performance Monitor Mechanism

   For the Non-IP option, the proposed mechanism uses two new code
   points in the Associated Channel Header (ACH) described in [6]. The
   LSP-Ping option is in compliance to the specifications [2],[3], and
   [7].

   The proposed mechanism requires a set of new TLVs called Performance
   Request TLV, Performance Loss Report TLV.

   In addition, the proposed mechanism uses the Address and LSPI TLVs
   defined in [5]. Moreover, it can also be used in conjunction with the
   data-locking mechanism defined in [4].

   The new TLVs are described below.

4. MPLS-OAM Performance Message

4.1. In-band Message Identification

   In the in-band option, under MPLS label stack of the MPLS-TP LSP, the
   ACH with "MPLS-TP Performance Control" code point indicates that the
   message is an MPLS OAM Performance Control (PC) message. The ACH with
   code point "MPLS-TP Performance Flow" indicates that the message is
   an MPLS OAM Performance Flow (PF) message.

   0                   1                   2                   3
   0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |0 0 0 1|Version|Flags          | 0xHH MPLS-TP Performance      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


         Figure 1: ACH Indication of MPLS-TP Performance Control

   The first nibble (0001b) indicates the ACH.  The version and the
   reserved values are both set to 0 as specified in [1].  MPLS-TP
   Performance control and performance flow code points = 0xHH and 0xhh.
   [HH and hh to be assigned by IANA from the PW Associated Channel Type
   registry.]


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4.2. Out-of-band Message Identification

      [To be added]

4.3. MPLS-OAM Performance control Message Format

The format of an MPLS-OAM Performance control Message is shown below.


   0                   1                   2                   3
   0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   | Version       | Message Type  | Operation     | Reserved      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   | Return Code   | Cause Code    | Message Length                |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                        Sender's Handle                        |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                           Message ID                          |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                             TLV's                             |
   ~                                                               ~
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


                     Figure 2: MPLS-TP OAM Message Format


   Version
   The Version Number is currently 1.

   Message Type
   Four message types are defined as shown below.

   Message Type        Description
   ------------        -------------
       0x1             Performance Request
       0x2             Performance Report
       0x3             Performance Removal
       0x4             Performance Response

   Operation


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   Two operations are defined as shown below. In the unidirectional
   mode, the receiver MIP or MEP does not have to maintain a PM flow
   towards the sender MEP. But, in the bidirectional mode, the receiver
   MIP or MEP MUST maintain a PM flow towards the sender MEP.

   Operation        Description
   ---------        -------------
   0x0              Unidirectional
   0x1              Bidirectional

   Sender's Handle
   The Sender's Handle is filled in by the sender. There are no
   semantics associated with this handle.

   Message Length
   The total length of any included TLVs.

   Message ID
   The Message ID is set by the sender and is incremented everytime the
   sender sends a new message. The receiver MUST include the Message ID
   in the response. This way, the sender can correlate a reply with the
   corresponding request.

   Return code

        Value   Meaning
        -----   -------
          0     Informational
          1     Success
          2     Failure


   Cause code

   Value   Meaning
   -----   -------
      1    Fail to match MPLS-TP LSP ID.
      2    Malformed performance message received
      3    One or more of the TLVs is/are unknown
      4    Authentication failed
      5    Specified PF Packet Rate cannot be supported
      6    Specified Packet Loss Report Rate cannot be supported




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   Note that the MPLS-TP LSP whose performance is to be monitored is
   identified by the LSP ID TLV as defined in [5] in the MPLS-OAM
   performance message.

   MPLS-TP performance control message may include authentication TLV
   defined in [4].

4.4. Performance Request TLV

   0                   1                   2                   3
   0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |           type = TBD          |    length = 9                 |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                     Performance Flow Packet Rate              |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                     Packet Loss Report Rate                   |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                    Figure 2: Performance Request TLV

   When a MEP wants to monitor performance on an MPLS-TP, it sends an
   MPLS-OAM PC packet with Performance Request TLV. The Performance
   Request message can be intercepted by either a MIP (due to TTL
   expiry) or a MEP (simply because it is the egress LSR).

   Performance Flow Packet Rate (in packets per second) specifies the
   maximum rate at which MPLS-OAM PF packets can be sent.

   Packet loss Report Rate specifies the maximum rate at which the loss
   of MPLS-OAM PF packets can be reported to the sender MEP.

   The receiver MIP or MEP MUST send either an ACK or NAK response to
   the sender MEP using an MPLS OAM performance response message. An ACK
   response is sent if the receiver can support the specified rates.
   Otherwise, a NAK response is sent. Until an ACK response is received,
   the sender MEP MUST NOT assume that the MPLS-TP LSP is ready for
   performance monitoring.

   If multiple Performance Request TLVs are present, only the first TLV
   is taken into consideration.






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4.5. Packet Loss Reporting TLV

   0                   1                   2                   3
   0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |           type = TBD          |    length = 8                 |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                     Lost packets                              |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |               Total Number of Packets Sent                    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                   Figure 4: Packet Loss Report TLV

   Performance monitor report MPLS-OAM Messages will be sent at the rate
   that does not exceed the maximum packet loss reporting rate specified
   in the MPLS-OAM Performance Request TLV.

   This TLV includes the number of lost MPLS-OAM PF packets as well as
   the total number of MPLS-OAM PF flow packets that it must have
   received from the sender. The receiver figures out the latter using
   the sequence number in the MPLS-OAM PF packets (described below).

4.6. Performance Removal

   When performance monitor mode operation of an MPLS-TP LSP is no
   longer required, the MEP that previously sent the MPLS OAM
   Performance request message sends another MPLS OAM performance
   removal message.

   The receiver MEP or MIP MUST send either an ACK or NAK response to
   the sender MEP using an MPLS OAM performance response message. An ACK
   response is sent if the MPLS-TP LSP is already monitoring
   performance. Otherwise, a NAK response is sent.


4.7. MPLS-OAM PF Packet

   When the performance of MPLS-TP LSP is monitored, MPLS-OAM PF packets
   are sent from the sender MEP to the MEP/MIP end of the flow. A PF
   packet contains a sequence number and a time-stamp using which the
   receiver can calculate packet loss and one-way delay/jitter.







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   0                   1                   2                   3
   0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                         MPLS Label stack                      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                         Label with EOS bit set                |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |0 0 0 1|Version|Reserved       |0xHH (MPLS-TP Performance Flow)|
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                         Sequence Number                       |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                         TimeStamp                             |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                    Figure 5: MPLS-OAM PF Packet

4.8. Monitoring regular PW packets

   When the performance of PW is monitored, in continuous mode, regular
   PW data packets can be used to monitor performance. PW packets in the
   presence of CW contain a sequence number that can be used to measure
   packets loss.

   Data traffic is sent over an MPLS-TP PW using the format shown
   below:-

   0                   1                   2                   3
   0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                   PSN LSP label stack (as required)           |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                    PW label with EOS set                      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |0 0 0 0| Flags |FRG|  Length   | Sequence Number               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


4.9. Network Management System

   An operator should be able to provision any given LSR to:

   1. Lock/Unlock any MPLS-TP LSP.

   2. Send MPLS OAM packets from a MEP and notify NMS when MPLS OAM
     response arrives.


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   When NMS is used to provision any of the above the functionality, the
   corresponding MPLS OAM message is not used.

5. Operation

   Consider an MPLS-TP LSP LSR-1 <--> LSR-2 <--> LSR-3 <--> LSR-4 <-->
   LSR-5. LSR-1 and LSR-5 are ingress and egress LSR for the respective
   direction, and LSR-1 and LSR-5 act as MEPs and LSR-2, LSR-3 and LSR-5
   acts as a MIPs.

   Assume that the objective is to evaluate the performance of the
   segment between LSR-1 and LSR-2 at LSR-1. Thus, LSR-2 is the
   destination for the MPLS-OAM PM packets.

   1- LSR-1 sends an optional Lock Request MPLS-OAM message to LSR-5
      (egress LSR) to take the MPLS-TP LSP out of service

   2- LSR-5 takes the MPLS-TP LSP out of service from data-plane and
      sends an ACK MPLS-OAM message back to LSR-1

   3- LSR-1 sends a PM Request MPLS-OAM message to LSR-2 containing its
      source address the MPLS-TP LSP ID, and destination address of
      LSR-2, maximum rate at which PF packets are to be sent, maximum
      packet loss report rate (back to LSR-1), and an indication as to
      whether or not LSR-2 also needs to send MPLS-OAM PM packets.

   4- LSR-2 verifies the LSP ID, and the destination address and sends
      a performance response MPLS-OAM message with return code
      1(success) back to LSR-1 if it can handle the specified PM packet
      transmission and loss reporting rate, otherwise LSR-2 sends the
      performance response MPLS-OAM message with return code 2(failure)
      back to LSR-1 with the following cause codes:

         1. if destination address or LSP-ID cannot be matched, it sends
            a response with cause code 1.

         2. if the message is malformed, it sends a response with the
            cause code 2.

         3. if any of the TLV is not known, it sends a response with
            cause code 3. It may also include the unknown TLVs.

         4. if message authentication fails, it sends a response with
            the cause code 4.

         5. if the specified PF packet rate cannot be handled, it sends
            a response with cause code 5.


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         6. if the specified packet loss report rate cannot be
            supported, it sends a response with cause code 6.

      Note that MPLS TTL value is set to 255 in the response message.

      After receiving the ACK from LSR-2 for the MPLS-OAM PM request,
      MPLS-OAM PF packets are transmitted on the MPLS-TP LSP.

      Both LSR-1 and LSR-2 keep a count of the lost MPLS-OAM PF packets.

      The receiver LSR computes the number of lost MPLS-OAM PF flow
      packets using the sequence number. Note that the sequence number
      equals the total number of packets that must have received in the
      absence of any packet loss.

      The receiver periodically send the number of lost MPLS-OAM PF
      packets as well as the total number of MPLS-OAM PF packets that it
      must have received to the sender.

   Removal of PM mode (only for on-demand mode)

   1- LSR-1 sends an MPLS-OAM message to LSR-2 in order to stop
      operating the MPLS-TP LSP in Performance Management mode.

   2- LSR-2 sends its latest Packet Loss Report to LSR-1 via an MPLS-OAM
      message.

   3- LSR-1 sends an Unlock Request MPLS-OAM message to LSR-5

   4- LSR-5 puts the MPLS-TP LSP back in service and sends an ACK MPLS-
      OAM message back to LSR-1.

6. Security Considerations

   The security considerations for the authentication TLV need further
   study.

7. IANA Considerations

   To be added.

8. References

8.1. Normative References

   [1]   Bradner. S, "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
         Levels", RFC 2119, March, 1997.


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   [2]   T. Nadeau, et. al, "Pseudowire Virtual Circuit Connectivity
         Verification (VCCV): A Control Channel for Pseudowires ", RFC
         5085, December 2007.

   [3]   K. Kompella, G. Swallow, "Detecting Multi-Protocol Label
         Switched (MPLS) Data Plane Failures", RFC 4379, February 2006.

   [4]   S. Boutros, et. al., "Operating MPLS Transport Profile LSP in
         Loopback Mode", draft-boutros-mpls-tp-loopback-01.txt, Work in
         Progress, December 2008.

8.2. Informative References

   [5]   S. Boutros, et. al., "Definition of ACH TLV Structure", draft-
         bryant-mpls-tp-ach-tlv-00.txt, Work in Progress, January 2009.

   [6]   M. Bocci, et. al., "MPLS Generic Associated Channel", draft-
         ietf-mpls-tp-gach-gal-02.txt, work in progress, January 6,
         2009.

   [7]   Nabil Bitar, et. al, "Requirements for Multi-Segment Pseudowire
         Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) ", RFC5254, October 2008.



























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Author's Addresses

   Sami Boutros
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   3750 Cisco Way
   San Jose, California 95134
   USA
   Email: sboutros@cisco.com

   Siva Sivabalan
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   2000 Innovation Drive
   Kanata, Ontario, K2K 3E8
   Canada
   Email: msiva@cisco.com

   George Swallow
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   300 Beaver Brook Road
   Boxborough , MASSACHUSETTS 01719
   United States
   Email: swallow@cisco.com

   David Ward
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   3750 Cisco Way
   San Jose, California 95134
   USA
   Email: wardd@cisco.com

   Stewart Bryant
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   250, Longwater, Green Park,
   Reading RG2 6GB, UK
   UK
   Email: stbryant@cisco.com



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   shall be null and void, whether published or posted by such
   Contributor, or included with or in such Contribution.

Acknowledgment

   Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
   Internet Society.




































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