Network Working Group                                   Fatai Zhang, Ed.
Internet Draft                                                    Huawei
Updates: 4328                                              Guoying Zhang
Category: Standards Track                                           CATR
                                                          Sergio Belotti
                                                          Alcatel-Lucent
                                                           D. Ceccarelli
                                                                Ericsson
                                                        Khuzema Pithewan
                                                                Infinera
Expires: January 02, 2014                                  July 02, 2013


      Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Signaling
  Extensions for the evolving G.709 Optical Transport Networks Control


              draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-signaling-g709v3-11.txt


Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with
   the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

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   This Internet-Draft will expire on January 02, 2014.



Abstract

   ITU-T Recommendation G.709 [G709-2012] has introduced new Optical
   channel Data Unit (ODU) containers (ODU0, ODU4, ODU2e and ODUflex)



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   and enhanced Optical Transport Networking (OTN) flexibility.

   This document updates the ODU-related portions of RFC4328 to
   to provide the extensions to the Generalized Multi-Protocol Label
   Switching (GMPLS) signaling to control the full set of OTN features
   including ODU0, ODU4, ODU2e and ODUflex.



Conventions used in this document

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].



Table of Contents

   1. Introduction .................................................. 3
   2. Terminology ................................................... 3
   3. GMPLS Extensions for the Evolving G.709 - Overview ............ 3
   4. Generalized Label Request ..................................... 4
   5. Extensions for Traffic Parameters for the Evolving G.709 ...... 7
      5.1. Usage of ODUflex(CBR) Traffic Parameters ................. 8
      5.2. Usage of ODUflex(GFP) Traffic Parameters ................ 10
      5.3. Notification on Errors of OTN-TDM Traffic Parameters .... 11
   6. Generalized Label ............................................ 11
      6.1. OTN-TDM Switching Type Generalized Label ................ 11
      6.2. Procedures .............................................. 14
         6.2.1. Notification on Label Error ........................ 15
      6.3. Supporting Virtual Concatenation and Multiplication ..... 16
      6.4. Examples ................................................ 17
   7. Supporting Hitless Adjustment of ODUflex (GFP) ............... 18
   8. Control Plane Backward Compatibility Considerations........... 19
   9. Security Considerations ...................................... 20
   10. IANA Considerations.......................................... 20
   11. References .................................................. 22
      11.1. Normative References ................................... 22
      11.2. Informative References ................................. 23
   12. Contributors ................................................ 24
   13. Authors' Addresses .......................................... 24
   14. Acknowledgment .............................................. 26






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1. Introduction

   With the evolution and deployment of OTN technology, it is necessary
   that appropriate enhanced control technology support be provided for
   [G709-2012].

   [OTN-FWK] provides a framework to allow the development of protocol
   extensions to support GMPLS and Path Computation Element (PCE)
   control of OTN as specified in [G709-2012]. Based on this framework,
   [OTN-INFO] evaluates the information needed by the routing and
   signaling process in OTNs to support GMPLS control of OTN.

   [RFC4328] describes the control technology details that are specific
   to the 2001 revision of the G.709 specification. This document
   updates the ODU-related portions of [RFC4328] to provide Resource
   ReserVation Protocol-Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) extensions to support
   of control for [G709-2012].



2. Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].



3. GMPLS Extensions for the Evolving G.709 - Overview

   New features for the evolving OTN, for example, new ODU0, ODU2e, ODU4
   and ODUflex containers are specified in [G709-2012]. The
   corresponding new Signal Types are summarized below:

      -  Optical Channel Transport Unit (OTUk):
         . OTU4

      -  Optical Channel Data Unit (ODUk):
         . ODU0
         . ODU2e
         . ODU4
         . ODUflex

   A new Tributary Slot granularity  (i.e., 1.25Gbps) is also described
   in [G709-2012]. Thus, there are now two TS granularities for the
   foundation OTN ODU1, ODU2 and ODU3 containers. The TS granularity at



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   2.5Gbps is used on legacy interfaces while the new 1.25Gbps is used
   on the new interfaces.

   In addition to the support of ODUk mapping into OTUk (k = 1, 2, 3,
   4), [G709-2012] encompasses the multiplexing of ODUj (j = 0, 1, 2,
   2e, 3, flex) into an ODUk (k > j), as described in Section 3.1.2 of
   [OTN-FWK].

   Virtual Concatenation (VCAT) of Optical channel Payload Unit-k (OPUk)
   (OPUk-Xv, k = 1/2/3, X = 1...256) is also supported by [G709-2012].
   Note that VCAT of OPU0 / OPU2e / OPU4 / OPUflex is not supported per
   [G709-2012].

   [RFC4328] describes GMPLS signaling extensions to support the control
   for the 2001 revision of the G.709 specification. However, [RFC4328]
   does not provide the means to signal all the new Signal Types and
   related mapping and multiplexing functionalities. Moreover, it
   supports only the deprecated auto- Multiframe Structure Identifier
   (MSI) mode which assumes that the Tributary Port Number (TPN) is
   automatically assigned in the transmit direction and not checked in
   the receive direction.

   This document extends the G.709 Traffic Parameters described in
   [RFC4328] and presents a new flexible and scalable OTN-TDM
   Generalized Label format. Additionally, procedures about Tributary
   Port Number assignment through control plane are also provided in
   this document.



4. Generalized Label Request

   The GENERALIZED_LABEL_REQUEST object, as described in [RFC3471],
   carries the Label Switched Path (LSP) Encoding Type, the Switching
   Type and the Generalized Protocol Identifier (G-PID).

   [RFC4328] extends the GENERALIZED_LABEL_REQUEST object, introducing
   two new code-points for the LSP Encoding Type (i.e., G.709 ODUk
   (Digital Path) and G.709 Optical Channel) and adding a list of G-PID
   values in order to accommodate the 2001 revision of the G.709
   specification.

   This document follows these extensions and a new Switching Type is
   introduced to indicate the ODUk switching capability [G709-2012] in
   order to support backward compatibility with [RFC4328], as described
   in [OTN-FWK]. The new Switching Type (OTN-TDM Switching Type) is
   defined in [OTN-OSPF].


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   This document also updates the G-PID values defined in [RFC4328]:

   Value    G-PID Type
   -----    ----------
   47       Type field updated from "G.709 ODUj" to "ODU-2.5G" to
            indicate transport of Digital Paths (e.g., at 2.5, 10 and
            40Gbps) via 2.5Gbps TS granularity.

   56       Type field updated from "ESCON" to "SBCON/ESCON" to align
            with [G709-2012] payload type 0x1A.

   Note: Value 47 includes mapping of Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
   (SDH).

   In the case of ODU multiplexing, the Lower Order ODU (LO ODU) (i.e.,
   the client signal) may be multiplexed into Higher Order ODU (HO ODU)
   via 1.25G TS granularity, 2.5G TS granularity or any one of them
   (i.e., TS granularity Auto_Negotiation is enabled). Since the G-PID
   type "ODUk" defined in [RFC4328] is only used for 2.5Gbps TS
   granularity, two new G-PID types are defined as follows:

   - ODU-1.25G:  Transport of Digital Paths at 1.25, 2.5, 10, 40 and 100
                 Gbps via 1.25Gbps TS granularity.

   - ODU-any:    Transport of Digital Paths at 1.25, 2.5, 10, 40 and 100
                 Gbps via 1.25 or 2.5Gbps TS granularity (i.e., the
                 fallback procedure is enabled and the default value of
                 1.25Gbps TS granularity can be fallen back to 2.5Gbps
                 if needed).

   The full list of payload types defined in [G709-2012] and their
   mapping to existing and new G-PID types are as follows:

     G.709
    Payload
     Type     G-PID        Type/Comment             LSP Encoding
     ====     =====    =====================     ===================
     0x01              No standard value
     0x02      49      CBRa                      G.709 ODUk
     0x03      50      CBRb                      G.709 ODUk
     0x04      32      ATM                       G.709 ODUk
     0x05      59(TBA) Framed GFP                G.709 ODUk
               54      Ethernet MAC (framed GFP) G.709 ODUk
               70(TBA) 64B/66B GFP-F Ethernet    G.709 ODUk (k=2)
     0x06              Not signaled
     0x07      55      Ethernet PHY              G.709 ODUk (k=0,3,4)
                       (transparent GFP)


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     0x08      58      Fiber Channel             G.709 ODUk (k=2e)
     0x09      59(TBA) Framed GFP                G.709 ODUk (k=2)
               70(TBA) 64B/66B GFP-F Ethernet    G.709 ODUk (k=2)
     0x0A      60(TBA) STM-1                     G.709 ODUk (k=0)
     0x0B      61(TBA) STM-4                     G.709 ODUk (k=0)
     0x0C      58      Fiber Channel             G.709 ODUk (k=0)
     0x0D      58      Fiber Channel             G.709 ODUk (k=1)
     0x0E      58      Fiber Channel             G.709 ODUflex
     0x0F      58      Fiber Channel             G.709 ODUflex
     0x10      51      BSOT                      G.709 ODUk
     0x11      52      BSNT                      G.709 ODUk
     0x12      62(TBA) InfiniBand                G.709 ODUflex
     0x13      62(TBA) InfiniBand                G.709 ODUflex
     0x14      62(TBA) InfiniBand                G.709 ODUflex
     0x15      63(TBA) Serial Digital Interface  G.709 ODUk (k=0)
     0x16      64(TBA) Serial Digital            G.709 ODUk (k=1)
                       Interface/1.001
     0x17      63(TBA) Serial Digital Interface  G.709 ODUk (k=1)
     0x18      64(TBA) Serial Digital            G.709 ODUflex
                       Interface/1.001
     0x19      63(TBA) Serial Digital Interface  G.709 ODUflex
     0x1A      56      SBCON/ESCON               G.709 ODUk (k=0)
               (IANA to update Type field)
     0x1B      65(TBA) DVB_ASI                   G.709 ODUk (k=0)
     0x1C      58      Fiber Channel             G.709 ODUk
     0x20      47      G.709 ODU-2.5G            G.709 ODUk (k=2,3)
               (IANA to update Type field)
               66(TBA) G.709 ODU-1.25G           G.709 ODUk (k=1)
     0x21      66(TBA) G.709 ODU-1.25G           G.709 ODUk (k=2,3,4)
               67(TBA) G.709 ODU-Any             G.709 ODUk (k=2,3)
     0x55              No standard value
     0x66              No standard value
     0x80-0x8F         No standard value
     0xFD      68(TBA) Null Test                 G.709 ODUk
     0xFE      69(TBA) Random Test               G.709 ODUk
     0xFF              No standard value

   Note: Values 59 and 70 include mapping of SDH.

   Note that the mapping types for ODUj into OPUk are unambiguously per
   Table 7-10 of [G709-2012], so it does not need to carry mapping type
   information in the signaling.

   Note also that additional information on G.709 client mapping can be
   found in [G7041].




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5. Extensions for Traffic Parameters for the Evolving G.709

   The Traffic Parameters for OTN-TDM capable Switching Type are carried
   in the OTN-TDM SENDER_TSPEC and OTN-TDM FLOWSPEC objects. The objects
   have the following class and type:

      -  OTN-TDM SENDER_TSPEC object: Class = 12, C-Type = 7 (TBA)
      -  OTN-TDM FLOWSPEC object: Class = 9, C-Type = 7 (TBA)

   The format of Traffic Parameters in these two objects is defined as
   follows:

      0                   1                   2                   3
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |  Signal Type  |                       Reserved                |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |              NVC              |        Multiplier (MT)        |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                            Bit_Rate                           |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Signal Type: 8 bits

      As defined in [RFC4328] Section 3.2.1, with the following
      additional values:

       Value    Type
       -----    ----
       4        ODU4 (i.e., 100Gbps)
       9        OCh at 100Gbps
       10       ODU0 (i.e., 1.25Gbps)
       11       ODU2e (i.e., 10Gbps for FC1200 and GE LAN)
       12~19    Reserved (for future use)
       20       ODUflex(CBR) (i.e., 1.25*N Gbps)
       21       ODUflex(Generic Framing Procedure-Framed (GFP-F)),
                resizable (i.e., 1.25*N Gbps)
       22       ODUflex(GFP-F), non resizable (i.e., 1.25*N Gbps)
       23~255   Reserved (for future use)

   NVC: 16 bits

      As defined in [RFC4328] Section 3.2.3. This field MUST be set to
      0 for ODUflex Signal Types.



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   Multiplier (MT): 16 bits

      As defined in [RFC4328] Section 3.2.4. This field MUST be set to
      1 for ODUflex Signal Types.

   Bit_Rate: 32 bits

      In case of ODUflex including ODUflex(CBR) and ODUflex(GFP) Signal
      Types, this field indicates the nominal bit rate of ODUflex
      expressed in bytes per second, encoded as a 32-bit IEEE single-
      precision floating-point number (referring to [RFC4506] and
      [IEEE]). For other Signal Types, this field MUST be set to zero
      on transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt and SHOULD be
      passed unmodified by transit nodes.

5.1. Usage of ODUflex(CBR) Traffic Parameters

   In case of ODUflex(CBR), the information of Bit_Rate carried in the
   ODUflex Traffic Parameters MUST be used to determine the actual
   bandwidth of ODUflex(CBR) (i.e., Bit_Rate * (1 +/- Tolerance)).
   Therefore the total number of tributary slots N in the HO ODUk link
   can be reserved correctly. Where:

         N = Ceiling of

   ODUflex(CBR) nominal bit rate * (1 + ODUflex(CBR) bit rate tolerance)
   ---------------------------------------------------------------------
       ODTUk.ts nominal bit rate * (1 - HO OPUk bit rate tolerance)

   In this formula, the ODUflex(CBR) nominal bit rate is the bit rate of
   the ODUflex(CBR) on the line side, i.e., the client signal bit rate
   after applying the 239/238 factor (according to Clause 7.3, Table 7-2
   of [G709-2012]) and the transcoding factor T (if needed) on the CBR
   client. According to clauses 17.7.3, 17.7.4 and 17.7.5 of [G709-
   2012]:

   ODUflex(CBR) nominal bit rate = CBR client bit rate * (239/238) / T

   The ODTUk.ts (Optical channel Data Tributary Unit k with ts tributary
   slots) nominal bit rate is the nominal bit rate of the tributary slot
   of ODUk, as shown in Table 1 (referring to Table 7-7 of [G709-2012]).

              Table 1 - Actual TS bit rate of ODUk (in Kbps)

      ODUk.ts       Minimum          Nominal          Maximum
      -----------------------------------------------------------
      ODU2.ts    1,249,384.632    1,249,409.620     1,249,434.608


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      ODU3.ts    1,254,678.635    1,254,703.729     1,254,728.823
      ODU4.ts    1,301,683.217    1,301,709.251     1,301,735.285

   Note that:

      Minimum bit rate of ODUTk.ts =
         ODTUk.ts nominal bit rate * (1 - HO OPUk bit rate tolerance)

      Maximum bit rate of ODTUk.ts =
         ODTUk.ts nominal bit rate * (1 + HO OPUk bit rate tolerance)

      Where: HO OPUk bit rate tolerance = 20ppm (parts per million)

   Note that the bit rate tolerance is implicit in Signal Type and the
   ODUflex(CBR) bit rate tolerance is fixed and it is equal to 100ppm as
   described in Table 7-2 of [G709-2012].

   Therefore, a node receiving a Path message containing ODUflex(CBR)
   nominal bit rate can allocate precise number of tributary slots and
   set up the cross-connection for the ODUflex service.

   Note that for different ODUk, the bit rates of the tributary slots
   are different, and so the total number of tributary slots to be
   reserved for the ODUflex(CBR) may not be the same on different HO
   ODUk links.

   An example is given below to illustrate the usage of ODUflex(CBR)
   Traffic Parameters.

     +-----+             +---------+             +-----+
     |     +-------------+ +-----+ +-------------+     |
     |     +=============+\| ODU |/+=============+     |
     |     +=============+/| flex+-+=============+     |
     |     +-------------+ |     |\+=============+     |
     |     +-------------+ +-----+ +-------------+     |
     |     |             |         |             |     |
     |     |   .......   |         |   .......   |     |
     |  A  +-------------+    B    +-------------+  C  |
     +-----+   HO ODU4   +---------+   HO ODU2   +-----+

       =========: TSs occupied by ODUflex
       ---------: available TSs

           Figure 1 - Example of ODUflex(CBR) Traffic Parameters

   As shown in Figure 1, assume there is an ODUflex(CBR) service
   requesting a bandwidth of 2.5Gbps from node A to node C.


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   In other words, the ODUflex Traffic Parameters indicate that Signal
   Type is 20 (ODUflex(CBR)), Bit_Rate is 2.5Gbps (Note that the
   tolerance is not signaled as explained above).

   -  On the HO ODU4 link between node A and B:

      The maximum bit rate of the ODUflex(CBR) equals 2.5Gbps * (1 +
      100ppm), and the minimum bit rate of the tributary slot of ODU4
      equals 1,301,683.217 Kbps, so the total number of tributary slots
      N1 to be reserved on this link is:

      N1 = ceiling (2.5Gbps * (1 + 100ppm) / 1,301,683.217 Kbps) = 2

   -  On the HO ODU2 link between node B and C:

      The maximum bit rate of the ODUflex equals 2.5Gbps * (1 +
      100ppm), and the minimum bit rate of the tributary slot of ODU2
      equals 1,249,384.632 Kbps, so the total number of tributary slots
      N2 to be reserved on this link is:

      N2 = ceiling (2.5Gbps * (1 + 100ppm) / 1,249,384.632 Kbps) = 3

5.2. Usage of ODUflex(GFP) Traffic Parameters

   [G709-2012] recommends that the ODUflex(GFP) will fill an integral
   number of tributary slots of the smallest HO ODUk path over which the
   ODUflex(GFP) may be carried, as shown in Table 2.

         Table 2 - Recommended ODUflex(GFP) bit rates and tolerance

              ODU type             | Nominal bit-rate | Tolerance
   --------------------------------+------------------+-----------
   ODUflex(GFP) of n TSs, 1<=n<=8   |   n * ODU2.ts    | +/-100 ppm
   ODUflex(GFP) of n TSs, 9<=n<=32  |   n * ODU3.ts    | +/-100 ppm
   ODUflex(GFP) of n TSs, 33<=n<=80 |   n * ODU4.ts    | +/-100 ppm

   According to this table, the Bit_Rate field for ODUflex(GFP) MUST
   equal to one of the 80 values listed below:

       1 * ODU2.ts; 2 * ODU2.ts; ...; 8 * ODU2.ts;
       9 * ODU3.ts; 10 * ODU3.ts, ...; 32 * ODU3.ts;
       33 * ODU4.ts; 34 * ODU4.ts; ...; 80 * ODU4.ts.

   In this way, the number of required tributary slots for the
   ODUflex(GFP) (i.e., the value of "n" in Table 2) can be deduced from
   the Bit_Rate field.



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5.3. Notification on Errors of OTN-TDM Traffic Parameters

   There is no Adspec associated with the OTN-TDM SENDER_TSPEC object.
   Either the Adspec is omitted or an Int-serv Adspec with the Default
   General Characterization Parameters and Guaranteed Service fragment
   is used, see [RFC2210].

   For a particular sender in a session, the contents of the OTN-TDM
   FLOWSPEC object received in a Resv message SHOULD be identical to the
   contents of the OTN-TDM SENDER_TSPEC object received in the
   corresponding Path message. If the objects do not match, a ResvErr
   message with a "Traffic Control Error/Bad Flowspec value" error MUST
   be generated.

   Intermediate and egress nodes MUST verify that the node itself, and
   the interfaces on which the LSP will be established, can support the
   requested Signal Type, NVC and Bit_Rate values. If the requested
   value(s) cannot be supported, the receiver node MUST generate a
   PathErr message with a "Traffic Control Error/Service unsupported"
   indication (see [RFC2205]).

   In addition, if the MT field is received with a zero value, the node
   MUST generate a PathErr message with a "Traffic Control Error/Bad
   Tspec value" indication (see [RFC2205]).

   Further, if the Signal Type is not ODU1, ODU2 or ODU3, and the NVC
   field is not 0, the node MUST generate a PathErr message with a
   "Traffic Control Error/Bad Tspec value" indication (see [RFC2205]).

6. Generalized Label

   This section defines the format of the OTN-TDM Generalized Label.

6.1. OTN-TDM Switching Type Generalized Label

   The following is the GENERALIZED_LABEL object format for that MUST be
   used with the OTN-TDM Switching Type:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |         TPN           |   Reserved    |        Length         |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   ~                   Bit Map          ......                     ~
   ~              ......                   |     Padding Bits      ~
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+



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   The OTN-TDM GENERALIZED_LABEL object is used to indicate how the LO
   ODUj signal is multiplexed into the HO ODUk link. Note that the LO
   OUDj signal type is indicated by Traffic Parameters, while the type
   of HO ODUk link is identified by the selected interface carried in
   the IF_ID RSVP_HOP object.

   TPN (12 bits): indicates the TPN for the assigned Tributary Slot(s).

      -  In case of LO ODUj multiplexed into HO ODU1/ODU2/ODU3, only the
         lower 6 bits of TPN field are significant and the other bits of
         TPN MUST be set to 0.

      -  In case of LO ODUj multiplexed into HO ODU4, only the lower 7
         bits of TPN field are significant and the other bits of TPN
         MUST be set to 0.

      -  In case of ODUj mapped into OTUk (j=k), the TPN is not needed
         and this field MUST be set to 0.

   Per [G709-2012], The TPN is used to allow for correct demultiplexing
   in the data plane. When an LO ODUj is multiplexed into HO ODUk
   occupying one or more TSs, a new TPN value is configured at the two
   ends of the HO ODUk link and is put into the related MSI byte(s) in
   the OPUk overhead at the (traffic) ingress end of the link, so that
   the other end of the link can learn which TS(s) is/are used by the LO
   ODUj in the data plane.

   According to [G709-2012], the TPN field MUST be set as according to
   the following tables:



          Table 3 - TPN Assignment Rules (2.5Gbps TS granularity)
   +-------+-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   |HO ODUk|LO ODUj|TPN |          TPN Assignment Rules                |
   +-------+-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   | ODU2  | ODU1  |1~4 |Fixed, = TS# occupied by ODU1                 |
   +-------+-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   |       | ODU1  |1~16|Fixed, = TS# occupied by ODU1                 |
   | ODU3  +-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   |       | ODU2  |1~4 |Flexible, != other existing LO ODU2s' TPNs    |
   +-------+-------+----+----------------------------------------------+







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          Table 4 - TPN Assignment Rules (1.25Gbps TS granularity)
   +-------+-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   |HO ODUk|LO ODUj|TPN |          TPN Assignment Rules                |
   +-------+-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   | ODU1  | ODU0  |1~2 |Fixed, = TS# occupied by ODU0                 |
   +-------+-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   |       | ODU1  |1~4 |Flexible, != other existing LO ODU1s' TPNs    |
   | ODU2  +-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   |       |ODU0 & |1~8 |Flexible, != other existing LO ODU0s and      |
   |       |ODUflex|    |ODUflexes' TPNs                               |
   +-------+-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   |       | ODU1  |1~16|Flexible, != other existing LO ODU1s' TPNs    |
   |       +-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   |       | ODU2  |1~4 |Flexible, != other existing LO ODU2s' TPNs    |
   | ODU3  +-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   |       |ODU0 & |    |Flexible, != other existing LO ODU0s and      |
   |       |ODU2e &|1~32|ODU2es and ODUflexes' TPNs                    |
   |       |ODUflex|    |                                              |
   +-------+-------+----+----------------------------------------------+
   | ODU4  |Any ODU|1~80|Flexible, != ANY other existing LO ODUs' TPNs |
   +-------+-------+----+----------------------------------------------+

   Note that in the case of "Flexible", the value of TPN MAY not be
   corresponding to the TS number as per [G709-2012].

   Length (12 bits): indicates the number of bits of the Bit Map field,
   i.e., the total number of TS in the HO ODUk link. The TS granularity,
   1.25Gbps or 2.5Gbps, may be derived by dividing the HO ODUk link's
   rate by the value of the Length field. In the context of [G709-2012],
   the values of 4 and 16 indicate a TS granularity of 2.5Gbps, and the
   values 2, 8, 32 and 80 indicate a TS granularity of 1.25Gbps.

   In case of an ODUk mapped into OTUk, there is no need to indicate
   which tributary slots will be used, so the length field MUST be set
   to 0.

   Bit Map (variable): indicates which tributary slots in HO ODUk that
   the LO ODUj will be multiplexed into. The sequence of the Bit Map is
   consistent with the sequence of the tributary slots in HO ODUk. Each
   bit in the bit map represents the corresponding tributary slot in HO
   ODUk with a value of 1 or 0 indicating whether the tributary slot
   will be used by LO ODUj or not.

   Padding bits are added after the Bit Map to make the whole label a
   multiple of four bytes if necessary. Padding bits MUST be set to 0
   and MUST be ignored on receipt.



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6.2. Procedures

   The ingress node MUST generate a Path message and specify the OTN-TDM
   Switching Type and corresponding G-PID in the
   GENERALIZED_LABEL_REQUEST object, which MUST be processed as defined
   in [RFC3473].

   The ingress node of an LSP MAY include Label ERO (Explicit Route
   Object) to indicate the label in each hops along the path. Note that
   the TPN in the Label ERO subobject need not be assigned by the
   ingress node. In this case, the node MUST assign a valid TPN value
   and then put this value into TPN field of the GENERALIZED_LABEL
   object when receiving a Path message.

   In order to create bidirectional LSP, the ingress node and upstream
   node MUST generate an UPSTREAM_LABEL object on the out outgoing
   interface to indicate the reserved TSs of ODUk and the assigned TPN
   value in the upstream direction. This UPSTREAM_LABEL object is sent
   to the downstream node via Path massage for upstream resource
   reservation.

   The ingress node or upstream node MAY generate LABEL_SET object to
   indicate which labels on the outgoing interface in the downstream
   direction are acceptable. The downstream node will restrict its
   choice of labels, i.e., TS resource and TPN value, to one which is in
   the LABEL_SET object.

   The ingress node or upstream node MAY also generate SUGGESTED_LABEL
   object to indicate the preference of TS resource and TPN value on the
   outgoing interface in the downstream direction. The downstream node
   is not required to use the suggested labels and may use another label
   based on local decision and send it to the upstream node, as
   described in [RFC3473].

   When an upstream node receives a Resv message containing a
   GENERALIZED_LABEL object with an OTN-TDM label, it MUST firstly
   identify which ODU Signal Type is multiplexed or mapped into which
   ODU Signal Type accordingly to the Traffic Parameters and the IF_ID
   RSVP_HOP object in the received message.

   -  In case of ODUj to ODUk multiplexing, the node MUST retrieve the
      reserved tributary slots in the ODUk by its downstream neighbor
      node according to the position of the bits that are set to 1 in
      the Bit Map field. The node determines the TS granularity
      (according to the total TS number of the ODUk, or pre-configured
      TS granularity), so that the node can multiplex the ODUj into the
      ODUk based on the TS granularity. The node MUST also retrieve the


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      TPN value assigned by its downstream neighbor node from the label,
      and fill the TPN into the related MSI byte(s) in the OPUk overhead
      in the data plane, so that the downstream neighbor node can check
      whether the TPN received from the data plane is consistent with
      the ExMSI and determine whether there is any mismatch defect.

   -  In case of ODUk to OTUk mapping, the size of Bit Map field MUST be
      0 and no additional procedure is needed.

   When a downstream node or egress node receives a Path message
   containing GENERALIZED_LABEL_REQUEST object for setting up an ODUj
   LSP from its upstream neighbor node, the node MUST generate an OTN-
   TDM label according to the Signal Type of the requested LSP and the
   available resources (i.e., available tributary slots of ODUk) that
   will be reserved for the LSP, and send the label to its upstream
   neighbor node.

   -  In case of ODUj to ODUk multiplexing, the node MUST firstly
      determine the size of the Bit Map field according to the Signal
      Type and the tributary slot type of ODUk, and then set the bits to
      1 in the Bit Map field corresponding to the reserved tributary
      slots. The node MUST also assign a valid TPN, which MUST NOT
      collide with other TPN value used by existing LO ODU connections
      in the selected HO ODU link, and configure the Expected MSI
      (ExMSI) using this TPN. Then, the assigned TPN MUST be filled into
      the label.

   -  In case of ODUk to OTUk mapping, TPN field MUST be set to 0. Bit
      Map information is not REQUIRED and MUST NOT be included, so
      Length field MUST be set to 0 as well.

6.2.1. Notification on Label Error

   When an upstream node receives a Resv message containing an
   GENERALIZED_LABEL object with an OTN-TDM label, the node MUST verify
   if the label is acceptable. If the label is not acceptable, the node
   MUST generate a ResvErr message with a "Routing problem/Unacceptable
   label value" indication.  Per [RFC3473], the generated ResvErr
   message MAY include an ACCEPTABLE_LABEL_SET object. With the
   exception of label semantics, downstream node processing a received
   ResvErr message and of ACCEPTABLE_LABEL_SET object is not modified
   by this document.

   Similarly, when a downstream node receives a Path message containing
   an UPSTREAM_LABEL object with an OTN-TDM label, the node MUST verify
   if the label is acceptable. If the label is not acceptable, the node
   MUST generate a PathErr message with a "Routing problem/Unacceptable


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   label value" indication. Per [RFC3473], the generated ResvErr message
   MAY include an ACCEPTABLE_LABEL_SET object.  With the exception of
   label semantics, downstream node processing received a PathErr message
   and of ACCEPTABLE_LABEL_SET object is not modified by this document.

   A received label SHALL be considered unacceptable when one of the
   following cases occurs:

   -  The received label doesn't conform to local policy;

   -  Invalid value in the length field;

   -  The selected link only supports 2.5Gbps TS granularity while the
      Length field in the label along with ODUk Signal Type indicates
      the 1.25Gbps TS granularity;

   -  The label includes an invalid TPN value that breaks the TPN
      assignment rules;

   -  The indicated resources (i.e., the number of "1" in the Bit Map
      field) are inconsistent with the Traffic Parameters.

6.3. Supporting Virtual Concatenation and Multiplication

   Per [RFC6344], the Virtual Concatenation Groups (VCGs) can be created
   using Co-Signaled style or Multiple LSPs style.

   In case of Co-Signaled style, the explicit ordered list of all labels
   MUST reflect the order of VCG members, which is similar to [RFC4328].
   In case of multiplexed virtually concatenated signals (NVC > 1), the
   first label MUST indicate the components of the first virtually
   concatenated signal; the second label MUST indicate the components of
   the second virtually concatenated signal; and so on. In case of
   multiplication of multiplexed virtually concatenated signals (MT >
   1), the first label MUST indicate the components of the first
   multiplexed virtually concatenated signal; the second label MUST
   indicate components of the second multiplexed virtually concatenated
   signal; and so on.

   Support for Virtual Concatenation of ODU1, ODU2 and ODU3 Signal
   Types, as defined by [RFC6344], is not modified by this document.
   Virtual Concatenation of other Signal Types is not supported by
   [G709-2012].

   Multiplier (MT) usage is as defined in [RFC6344] and [RFC4328].




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6.4. Examples

   The following examples are given in order to illustrate the label
   format described in Section 6.1 of this document.

   (1) ODUk into OTUk mapping:

   In such conditions, the downstream node along an LSP returns a label
   indicating that the ODUk (k=1, 2, 3, 4) is directly mapped into the
   corresponding OTUk. The following example label indicates an ODU1
   mapped into OTU1.

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |       TPN = 0         |   Reserved    |     Length = 0        |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   (2) ODUj into ODUk multiplexing:

   In such conditions, this label indicates that an ODUj is multiplexed
   into several tributary slots of OPUk and then mapped into OTUk. Some
   instances are shown as follow:

   -  ODU0 into ODU2 Multiplexing:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |       TPN = 2         |   Reserved    |     Length = 8        |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0|             Padding Bits (0)                  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   This above label indicates an ODU0 multiplexed into the second
   tributary slot of ODU2, wherein there are 8 TSs in ODU2 (i.e., the
   type of the tributary slot is 1.25Gbps), and the TPN value is 2.

   -  ODU1 into ODU2 Multiplexing with 1.25Gbps TS granularity:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |       TPN = 1         |   Reserved    |     Length = 8        |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0|             Padding Bits (0)                  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


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   This above label indicates an ODU1 multiplexed into the 2nd and the
   4th tributary slot of ODU2, wherein there are 8 TSs in ODU2 (i.e.,
   the type of the tributary slot is 1.25Gbps), and the TPN value is 1.

   -  ODU2 into ODU3 Multiplexing with 2.5Gbps TS granularity:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |       TPN = 1         |   Reserved    |     Length = 16       |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0|       Padding Bits (0)        |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   This above label indicates an ODU2 multiplexed into the 2nd, 3rd, 5th
   and 7th tributary slot of ODU3, wherein there are 16 TSs in ODU3
   (i.e., the type of the tributary slot is 2.5Gbps), and the TPN value
   is 1.

7. Supporting Hitless Adjustment of ODUflex (GFP)

   [G7044] describes the procedure of ODUflex (GFP) hitless resizing
   using Link Connection Resize (LCR) and Bandwidth Resize (BWR)
   protocols in OTN data plane.

   For the control plane, signaling messages are REQUIRED to initiate
   the adjustment procedure. Section 2.5 and Section 4.6.4 of [RFC3209]
   describe how the Shared Explicit (SE) style is used in Traffic
   Engineering (TE) network for bandwidth increasing and decreasing,
   which is still applicable for triggering the ODUflex (GFP) adjustment
   procedure in data plane.

   Note that the SE style MUST be used at the beginning when creating a
   resizable ODUflex connection (Signal Type = 21). Otherwise an error
   with Error Code "Conflicting reservation style" MUST be generated
   when performing bandwidth adjustment.

   -  Bandwidth increasing

       For the ingress node, in order to increase the bandwidth of an
       ODUflex (GFP) connection, a Path message with SE style (keeping
       Tunnel ID unchanged and assigning a new LSP ID) MUST be sent
       along the path.

       The ingress node will trigger the BWR protocol when successful
       completion of LCR protocols on every hop after Resv message is
       processed. On success of BWR, the ingress node SHOULD send a


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       PathTear message to delete the old control state (i.e., the
       control state of the ODUflex (GFP) before resizing) on the
       control plane.

       A downstream node receiving Path message with SE style compares
       the old Traffic Parameters (stored locally) with the new one
       carried in the Path message, to determine the number of TS to be
       added. After choosing and reserving new available TS(s), the
       downstream node MUST send back a Resv message carrying both the
       old and new GENERALIZED_LABEL objects in the SE flow descriptor.

       An upstream neighbor receiving Resv message with SE flow
       descriptor MUST determine which TS(s) is/are added and trigger
       the LCR protocol between itself and its downstream neighbor node.

   -  Bandwidth decreasing

       For the ingress node, a Path message with SE style SHOULD also be
       sent for ODUflex bandwidth decreasing.

       The ingress node will trigger the BWR protocol when successful
       completion of LCR handshake on every hop after Resv message is
       processed. On success of BWR, the second step of LCR, i.e., link
       connection decrease procedure will be started on every hop of the
       connection. After completion of bandwidth decreasing, the ingress
       node SHOULD send a ResvErr message to tear down the old control
       state.

       A downstream node receiving Path message with SE style compares
       the old Traffic Parameters with the new one carried in the Path
       message to determine the number of TS to be decreased. After
       choosing TSs to be decreased, the downstream node MUST send back
       a Resv message carrying both the old and new GENERALIZED_LABEL
       objects in the SE flow descriptor.

       An upstream neighbor receiving Resv message with SE flow
       descriptor MUST determine which TS(s) is/are decreased and
       trigger the first step of LCR protocol (i.e., LCR handshake)
       between itself and its downstream neighbor node.



8. Control Plane Backward Compatibility Considerations

   As described in [OTN-FWK], since the [RFC4328] has been deployed in
   the network for the nodes that support the 2001 revision of the G.709



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   specification, control plane backward compatibility SHOULD be taken
   into consideration. More specifically:

   o  Nodes supporting this document SHOULD support [OTN-OSPF].

   o  Nodes supporting this document MAY support [RFC4328] signaling.

   o  A node supporting both sets of procedures (i.e., [RFC4328] and
      this document) is not REQUIRED to signal an LSP using both
      procedures, i.e., to act as a signaling version translator.

   o  Ingress nodes that support both sets of procedures MAY select
      which set of procedures to follow based on routing information or
      local policy.

   o  Per [RFC3473], nodes that do not support this document will
      generate a PathErr message, with a "Routing problem/Switching
      Type" indication.



9. Security Considerations

   This document is a modification to [RFC3473] and [RFC4328], and only
   differs in specific information communicated. As such, this document
   introduces no new security considerations to the existing GMPLS
   signaling protocols. Referring to [RFC3473] and [RFC4328], further
   details of the specific security measures are provided. Additionally,
   [RFC5920] provides an overview of security vulnerabilities and
   protection mechanisms for the GMPLS control plane.



10. IANA Considerations

   Upon approval of this document, IANA will make the following
   assignments in the "Class Types or C-Types  9 FLOWSPEC" and "Class
   Types or C-Types  12 SENDER_TSPEC" section of the "RSVP Parameters"
   registry located at http://www.iana.org/assignments/rsvp-
   parameters/rsvp-parameters.xml.

      Value     Description         Reference
      7(*)       OTN-TDM            [This.I-D]

     (*) Suggested value




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   IANA maintains the "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching
   (GMPLS) Signaling Parameters" registry (see
   http://www.iana.org/assignments/gmpls-sig-parameters). "Generalized
   PIDs (G-PID)" subregistry is included in this registry, which will be
   extended and updated by this document as below:


      Value Type                            Technology       Reference
      ===== ======================          ==========
      47    G.709 ODU-2.5G                  G.709 ODUk      [RFC4328]
            (IANA to update Type field)                     [This.I-D]
      56    SBCON/ESCON                     G.709 ODUk,     [RFC4328]
            (IANA to update Type field)     Lambda, Fiber   [This.I-D]
      59*   Framed GFP                      G.709 ODUk      [This.I-D]
      60*   STM-1                           G.709 ODUk      [This.I-D]
      61*   STM-4                           G.709 ODUk      [This.I-D]
      62*   InfiniBand                      G.709 ODUflex   [This.I-D]
      63*   SDI (Serial Digital Interface)  G.709 ODUk      [This.I-D]
      64*   SDI/1.001                       G.709 ODUk      [This.I-D]
      65*   DVB_ASI                         G.709 ODUk      [This.I-D]
      66*   G.709 ODU-1.25G                 G.709 ODUk      [This.I-D]
      67*   G.709 ODU-Any                   G.709 ODUk      [This.I-D]
      68*   Null Test                       G.709 ODUk      [This.I-D]
      69*   Random Test                     G.709 ODUk      [This.I-D]
      70*   64B/66B GFP-F Ethernet          G.709 ODUk      [This.I-D]

   (*) Suggested value

   Upon approval of this document, IANA will define an "OTN Signal Type"
   subregistry to the "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching
   (GMPLS) Signaling Parameters":

      Value    Signal Type                           Reference
      -----    -----------                           ---------
      0        Not significant                       [RFC4328]
      1        ODU1 (i.e., 2.5Gbps)                  [RFC4328]
      2        ODU2 (i.e., 10Gbps)                   [RFC4328]
      3        ODU3 (i.e., 40Gbps)                   [RFC4328]
      4        ODU4 (i.e., 100Gbps)                  [this document]
      5        Reserved (for future use)             [RFC4328]
      6        Och at 2.5Gbps                        [RFC4328]
      7        OCh at 10Gbps                         [RFC4328]
      8        OCh at 40Gbps                         [RFC4328]
      9        OCh at 100Gbps                        [this document]
      10       ODU0 (i.e., 1.25Gbps)                 [this document]


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      11       ODU2e (i.e., 10Gbps for FC1200        [this document]
               and GE LAN)
      12~19    Reserved (for future use)             [this document]
      20       ODUflex(CBR) (i.e., 1.25*N Gbps)      [this document]
      21       ODUflex(GFP-F), resizable             [this document]
               (i.e., 1.25*N Gbps)
      22       ODUflex(GFP-F), non resizable         [this document]
               (i.e., 1.25*N Gbps)
      23~255   Reserved (for future use)             [this document]

   New values are to be assigned via Standards Action as defined in
   [RFC5226].



11. References

11.1. Normative References

   [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
             Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2205] Braden, R., Zhang, L., Berson, S., Herzog, S., and S.
             Jamin, "Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) -- Version 1
             Functional Specification", RFC 2205, September 1997.

   [RFC2210] Wroclawski, J., "The Use of RSVP with IETF Integrated
             Services", RFC 2210, September 1997.

   [RFC3209] D. Awduche et al, "RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP
             Tunnels", RFC3209, December 2001.

   [RFC3471] Berger, L., Editor, "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label
             Switching (GMPLS) Signaling Functional Description", RFC
             3471, January 2003.

   [RFC3473] L. Berger, Ed., "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching
             (GMPLS) Signaling Resource ReserVation Protocol-Traffic
             Engineering (RSVP-TE) Extensions", RFC 3473, January 2003.

   [RFC4328] D. Papadimitriou, Ed. "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label
             Switching (GMPLS) Signaling Extensions for G.709 Optical
             Transport Networks Control", RFC 4328, Jan 2006.




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   [RFC6344] G. Bernstein et al, "Operating Virtual Concatenation (VCAT)
             and the Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS) with
             Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS)",
             RFC6344, August 2011.

   [G709-2012] ITU-T, "Interfaces for the Optical Transport Network
             (OTN)", G.709/Y.1331 Recommendation, February 2012.

   [G7044]   ITU-T, "Hitless adjustment of ODUflex", G.7044/Y.1347,
             October 2011.

   [G7041]   ITU-T, "Generic framing procedure", G.7041/Y.1303, April
             2011.

   [RFC4506] M. Eisler, Ed., "XDR: External Data Representation
             Standard", RFC 4506, May 2006.

   [IEEE]    "IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic",
             ANSI/IEEE Standard 754-1985, Institute of Electrical and
             Electronics Engineers, August 1985.



11.2. Informative References

   [OTN-FWK] Fatai Zhang et al, "Framework for GMPLS and PCE Control of
             G.709 Optical Transport Networks", Work in Progress: draft-
             ietf-ccamp-gmpls-g709-framework, June 2013.

   [OTN-INFO] S. Belotti et al, "Information model for G.709 Optical
             Transport Networks (OTN)", Work in Progress: draft-ietf-
             ccamp-otn-g709-info-model, June 2013.

   [OTN-OSPF] D. Ceccarelli et al, "Traffic Engineering Extensions to
             OSPF for Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) Control of Evolving G.709
             OTN Networks", Work in Progress: draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-
             ospf-g709v3, June 2013.

   [RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
             IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226, May
             2008.

   [RFC5920] Fang, L., Ed., "Security Framework for MPLS and GMPLS
             Networks", RFC 5920, July 2010.





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12. Contributors

   Jonathan Sadler, Tellabs
   Email: jonathan.sadler@tellabs.com


   Kam LAM, Alcatel-Lucent
   Email: kam.lam@alcatel-lucent.com


   Xiaobing Zi, Huawei Technologies
   Email: zixiaobing@huawei.com


   Francesco Fondelli, Ericsson
   Email: francesco.fondelli@ericsson.com


   Lyndon Ong, Ciena
   Email: lyong@ciena.com


   Biao Lu, infinera
   Email: blu@infinera.com



13. Authors' Addresses

   Fatai Zhang (editor)
   Huawei Technologies
   F3-5-B R&D Center, Huawei Base
   Bantian, Longgang District
   Shenzhen 518129 P.R.China
   Phone: +86-755-28972912
   Email: zhangfatai@huawei.com


   Guoying Zhang
   China Academy of Telecommunication Research of MII
   11 Yue Tan Nan Jie Beijing, P.R.China



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   Phone: +86-10-68094272
   Email: zhangguoying@mail.ritt.com.cn


   Sergio Belotti
   Alcatel-Lucent
   Optics CTO
   Via Trento 30 20059 Vimercate (Milano) Italy
   +39 039 6863033
   Email: sergio.belotti@alcatel-lucent.it


   Daniele Ceccarelli
   Ericsson
   Via A. Negrone 1/A
   Genova - Sestri Ponente
   Italy
   Email: daniele.ceccarelli@ericsson.com


   Khuzema Pithewan
   Infinera Corporation
   169, Java Drive
   Sunnyvale, CA-94089,  USA
   Email: kpithewan@infinera.com


   Yi Lin
   Huawei Technologies
   F3-5-B R&D Center, Huawei Base
   Bantian, Longgang District
   Shenzhen 518129 P.R.China
   Phone: +86-755-28972914
   Email: yi.lin@huawei.com


   Yunbin Xu
   China Academy of Telecommunication Research of MII
   11 Yue Tan Nan Jie Beijing, P.R.China
   Phone: +86-10-68094134
   Email: xuyunbin@mail.ritt.com.cn


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   Pietro Grandi
   Alcatel-Lucent
   Optics CTO
   Via Trento 30 20059 Vimercate (Milano) Italy
   +39 039 6864930
   Email: pietro_vittorio.grandi@alcatel-lucent.it


   Diego Caviglia
   Ericsson
   Via A. Negrone 1/A
   Genova - Sestri Ponente
   Italy
   Email: diego.caviglia@ericsson.com


   Rajan Rao
   Infinera Corporation
   169, Java Drive
   Sunnyvale, CA-94089
   USA
   Email: rrao@infinera.com


   John E Drake
   Juniper
   Email: jdrake@juniper.net


   Igor Bryskin
   Adva Optical
   EMail: IBryskin@advaoptical.com



14. Acknowledgment

   The authors would like to thank Lou Berger and Deborah Brungard for
   their useful comments to the document.




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