CLUE WG                                              M. Duckworth, Ed.
Internet Draft                                                  Polycom
Intended status: Standards Track                           A. Pepperell
Expires: November 15, 2014                                        Acano
                                                              S. Wenger
                                                                  Vidyo
                                                           May 15, 2014



                Framework for Telepresence Multi-Streams
                    draft-ietf-clue-framework-15.txt


Abstract

   This document defines a framework for a protocol to enable devices
   in a telepresence conference to interoperate.  The protocol enables
   communication of information about multiple media streams so a
   sending system and receiving system can make reasonable decisions
   about transmitting, selecting and rendering the media streams.
   This protocol is used in addition to SIP signaling for setting up a
   telepresence session.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current
   Internet-Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
   months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other
   documents at any time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts
   as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in
   progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on November 15, 2014.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

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   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with
   respect to this document.  Code Components extracted from this
   document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in
   Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without
   warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents




   1. Introduction...................................................3
   2. Terminology....................................................4
   3. Definitions....................................................4
   4. Overview & Motivation..........................................7
   5. Overview of the Framework/Model................................9
   6. Spatial Relationships.........................................15
   7. Media Captures and Capture Scenes.............................16
      7.1. Media Captures...........................................16
         7.1.1. Media Capture Attributes............................17
      7.2. Multiple Content Capture.................................22
         7.2.1. MCC Attributes......................................23
      7.3. Capture Scene............................................28
         7.3.1. Capture Scene attributes............................31
         7.3.2. Capture Scene Entry attributes......................32
   8. Simultaneous Transmission Set Constraints.....................33
   9. Encodings.....................................................35
      9.1. Individual Encodings.....................................35
      9.2. Encoding Group...........................................36
      9.3. Associating Captures with Encoding Groups................37
   10. Consumer's Choice of Streams to Receive from the Provider....38
      10.1. Local preference........................................41
      10.2. Physical simultaneity restrictions......................41
      10.3. Encoding and encoding group limits......................41
   11. Extensibility................................................42
   12. Examples - Using the Framework (Informative).................42
      12.1. Provider Behavior.......................................42
         12.1.1. Three screen Endpoint Provider.....................43
         12.1.2. Encoding Group Example.............................49
         12.1.3. The MCU Case.......................................50
      12.2. Media Consumer Behavior.................................51


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         12.2.1. One screen Media Consumer..........................51
         12.2.2. Two screen Media Consumer configuring the example..52
         12.2.3. Three screen Media Consumer configuring the example53
      12.3. Multipoint Conference utilizing Multiple Content Captures53
         12.3.1. Single Media Captures and MCC in the same
         Advertisement..............................................53
         12.3.2. Several MCCs in the same Advertisement.............56
         12.3.3. Heterogeneous conference with switching and
         composition................................................58
   13. Acknowledgements.............................................67
   14. IANA Considerations..........................................67
   15. Security Considerations......................................68
   16. Changes Since Last Version...................................69
   17. Authors' Addresses...........................................75



1. Introduction

   Current telepresence systems, though based on open standards such
   as RTP [RFC3550] and SIP [RFC3261], cannot easily interoperate with
   each other.  A major factor limiting the interoperability of
   telepresence systems is the lack of a standardized way to describe
   and negotiate the use of the multiple streams of audio and video
   comprising the media flows.  This document provides a framework for
   protocols to enable interoperability by handling multiple streams
   in a standardized way.  The framework is intended to support the
   use cases described in draft-ietf-clue-telepresence-use-cases and
   to meet the requirements in draft-ietf-clue-telepresence-
   requirements.

   The basic session setup for the use cases is based on SIP [RFC3261]
   and SDP offer/answer [RFC3264].  In addition to basic SIP & SDP
   offer/answer, CLUE specific signaling is required to exchange the
   information describing the multiple media streams.  The motivation
   for this framework, an overview of the signaling, and information
   required to be exchanged is described in subsequent sections of
   this document.  The signaling details and data model are provided
   in subsequent documents.








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2. Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in
   this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119
   [RFC2119].

3. Definitions

   The terms defined below are used throughout this document and
   companion documents and they are normative.  In order to easily
   identify the use of a defined term, those terms are capitalized.

   Advertisement: a CLUE message a Media Provider sends to a Media
   Consumer describing specific aspects of the content of the media,
   the formatting of the media streams it can send, and any
   restrictions it has in terms of being able to provide certain
   Streams simultaneously.

   Audio Capture: Media Capture for audio.  Denoted as ACn in the
   example cases in this document.

   Camera-Left and Right: For Media Captures, camera-left and camera-
   right are from the point of view of a person observing the rendered
   media.  They are the opposite of Stage-Left and Stage-Right.

   Capture: Same as Media Capture.

   Capture Device: A device that converts audio and video input into
   an electrical signal, in most cases to be fed into a media encoder.

   Capture Encoding: A specific encoding of a Media Capture, to be
   sent by a Media Provider to a Media Consumer via RTP.

   Capture Scene: a structure representing a spatial region containing
   one or more Capture Devices, each capturing media representing a
   portion of the region. The spatial region represented by a Capture
   Scene MAY or may not correspond to a real region in physical space,
   such as a room.  A Capture Scene includes attributes and one or
   more Capture Scene Entries, with each entry including one or more
   Media Captures.

   Capture Scene Entry (CSE): a list of Media Captures of the same
   media type that together form one way to represent the entire
   Capture Scene.


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   Conference: used as defined in [RFC4353], A Framework for
   Conferencing within the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).

   Configure Message: A CLUE message a Media Consumer sends to a Media
   Provider specifying which content and media streams it wants to
   receive, based on the information in a corresponding Advertisement
   message.

   Consumer: short for Media Consumer.

   Encoding or Individual Encoding: a set of parameters representing a
   way to encode a Media Capture to become a Capture Encoding.

   Encoding Group: A set of encoding parameters representing a total
   media encoding capability to be sub-divided across potentially
   multiple Individual Encodings.

   Endpoint: The logical point of final termination through receiving,
   decoding and rendering, and/or initiation through capturing,
   encoding, and sending of media streams.  An endpoint consists of
   one or more physical devices which source and sink media streams,
   and exactly one [RFC4353] Participant (which, in turn, includes
   exactly one SIP User Agent).  Endpoints can be anything from
   multiscreen/multicamera rooms to handheld devices.

   Front: the portion of the room closest to the cameras.  In going
   towards back you move away from the cameras.

   MCU: Multipoint Control Unit (MCU) - a device that connects two or
   more endpoints together into one single multimedia conference
   [RFC5117].  An MCU includes an [RFC4353] like Mixer, without the
   [RFC4353] requirement to send media to each participant.

   Media: Any data that, after suitable encoding, can be conveyed over
   RTP, including audio, video or timed text.

   Media Capture: a source of Media, such as from one or more Capture
   Devices or constructed from other Media streams.

   Media Consumer: an Endpoint or middle box that receives Media
   streams

   Media Provider: an Endpoint or middle box that sends Media streams




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   Model: a set of assumptions a telepresence system of a given vendor
   adheres to and expects the remote telepresence system(s) also to
   adhere to.

   Multiple Content Capture: A Capture for audio or video that
   indicates that the Capture contains multiple audio or video
   Captures. Single Media Captures may or may not be present in the
   resultant Capture Encoding depending on time or space.  Denoted as
   MCCn in the example cases in this document.

   Plane of Interest: The spatial plane containing the most relevant
   subject matter.

   Provider: Same as Media Provider.

   Render: the process of generating a representation from a media,
   such as displayed motion video or sound emitted from loudspeakers.

   Simultaneous Transmission Set: a set of Media Captures that can be
   transmitted simultaneously from a Media Provider.

   Single Media Capture: A capture which contains media from a single
   source capture device, i.e. audio capture, video capture.

   Spatial Relation: The arrangement in space of two objects, in
   contrast to relation in time or other relationships.  See also
   Camera-Left and Right.

   Stage-Left and Right: For Media Captures, Stage-left and Stage-
   right are the opposite of Camera-left and Camera-right.  For the
   case of a person facing (and captured by) a camera, Stage-left and
   Stage-right are from the point of view of that person.

   Stream: a Capture Encoding sent from a Media Provider to a Media
   Consumer via RTP [RFC3550].

   Stream Characteristics: the media stream attributes commonly used
   in non-CLUE SIP/SDP environments (such as: media codec, bit rate,
   resolution, profile/level etc.) as well as CLUE specific
   attributes, such as the Capture ID or a spatial location.

   Video Capture: Media Capture for video.  Denoted as VCn in the
   example cases in this document.




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   Video Composite: A single image that is formed, normally by an RTP
   mixer inside an MCU, by combining visual elements from separate
   sources.

4. Overview & Motivation

   This section provides an overview of the functional elements
   defined in this document to represent a telepresence system.  The
   motivations for the framework described in this document are also
   provided.

   Two key concepts introduced in this document are the terms "Media
   Provider" and "Media Consumer". A Media Provider represents the
   entity that is sending the media and a Media Consumer represents
   the entity that is receiving the media. A Media Provider provides
   Media in the form of RTP packets, a Media Consumer consumes those
   RTP packets.  Media Providers and Media Consumers can reside in
   Endpoints or in middleboxes such as Multipoint Control Units
   (MCUs).  A Media Provider in an Endpoint is usually associated
   with the generation of media for Media Captures; these Media
   Captures are typically sourced from cameras, microphones, and the
   like.  Similarly, the Media Consumer in an Endpoint is usually
   associated with renderers, such as screens and loudspeakers.  In
   middleboxes, Media Providers and Consumers can have the form of
   outputs and inputs, respectively, of RTP mixers, RTP translators,
   and similar devices.  Typically, telepresence devices such as
   Endpoints and middleboxes would perform as both Media Providers
   and Media Consumers, the former being concerned with those
   devices' transmitted media and the latter with those devices'
   received media.  In a few circumstances, a CLUE Endpoint middlebox
   includes only Consumer or Provider functionality, such as
   recorder-type Consumers or webcam-type Providers.

   The motivations for the framework outlined in this document
   include the following:

   (1) Endpoints in telepresence systems typically have multiple Media
   Capture and Media Render devices, e.g., multiple cameras and
   screens. While previous system designs were able to set up calls
   that would capture media using all cameras and display media on all
   screens, for example, there is no mechanism that can associate
   these Media Captures with each other in space and time.

   (2) The mere fact that there are multiple capture and rendering
   devices, each of which may be configurable in aspects such as zoom,


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   leads to the difficulty that a variable number of such devices can
   be used to capture different aspects of a region.  The Capture
   Scene concept allows for the description of multiple setups for
   those multiple capture devices that could represent sensible
   operation points of the physical capture devices in a room, chosen
   by the operator.  A Consumer can pick and choose from those
   configurations based on its rendering abilities and inform the
   Provider about its choices.  Details are provided in section 7.

   (3) In some cases, physical limitations or other reasons disallow
   the concurrent use of a device in more than one setup.  For
   example, the center camera in a typical three-camera conference
   room can set its zoom objective either to capture only the middle
   few seats, or all seats of a room, but not both concurrently.  The
   Simultaneous Transmission Set concept allows a Provider to signal
   such limitations.  Simultaneous Transmission Sets are part of the
   Capture Scene description, and discussed in section 8.

   (4) Often, the devices in a room do not have the computational
   complexity or connectivity to deal with multiple encoding options
   simultaneously, even if each of these options is sensible in
   certain scenarios, and even if the simultaneous transmission is
   also sensible (i.e. in case of multicast media distribution to
   multiple endpoints).   Such constraints can be expressed by the
   Provider using the Encoding Group concept, described in section 9.

   (5) Due to the potentially large number of RTP flows required for a
   Multimedia Conference involving potentially many Endpoints, each of
   which can have many Media Captures and media renderers, it has
   become common to multiplex multiple RTP media flows onto the same
   transport address, so to avoid using the port number as a
   multiplexing point and the associated shortcomings such as
   NAT/firewall traversal.  While the actual mapping of those RTP
   flows to the header fields of the RTP packets is not subject of
   this specification, the large number of possible permutations of
   sensible options a Media Provider can make available to a Media
   Consumer makes a mechanism desirable that allows to narrow down the
   number of possible options that a SIP offer-answer exchange has to
   consider.  Such information is made available using protocol
   mechanisms specified in this document and companion documents,
   although it should be stressed that its use in an implementation is
   OPTIONAL.  Also, there are aspects of the control of both Endpoints
   and middleboxes/MCUs that dynamically change during the progress of
   a call, such as audio-level based screen switching, layout changes,
   and so on, which need to be conveyed.  Note that these control


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   aspects are complementary to those specified in traditional SIP
   based conference management such as BFCP.  An exemplary call flow
   can be found in section 5.

   Finally, all this information needs to be conveyed, and the notion
   of support for it needs to be established.  This is done by the
   negotiation of a "CLUE channel", a data channel negotiated early
   during the initiation of a call.  An Endpoint or MCU that rejects
   the establishment of this data channel, by definition, is not
   supporting CLUE based mechanisms, whereas an Endpoint or MCU that
   accepts it is REQUIRED to use it to the extent specified in this
   document and its companion documents.

5. Overview of the Framework/Model

   The CLUE framework specifies how multiple media streams are to be
   handled in a telepresence conference.

   A Media Provider (transmitting Endpoint or MCU) describes specific
   aspects of the content of the media and the formatting of the media
   streams it can send in an Advertisement; and the Media Consumer
   responds to the Media Provider by specifying which content and
   media streams it wants to receive in a Configure message.  The
   Provider then transmits the asked-for content in the specified
   streams.

   This Advertisement and Configure MUST occur during call initiation
   but MAY also happen at any time throughout the call, whenever there
   is a change in what the Consumer wants to receive or (perhaps less
   common) the Provider can send.

   An Endpoint or MCU typically act as both Provider and Consumer at
   the same time, sending Advertisements and sending Configurations in
   response to receiving Advertisements.  (It is possible to be just
   one or the other.)

   The data model is based around two main concepts: a Capture and an
   Encoding.  A Media Capture (MC), such as audio or video, describes
   the content a Provider can send.  Media Captures are described in
   terms of CLUE-defined attributes, such as spatial relationships and
   purpose of the capture.  Providers tell Consumers which Media
   Captures they can provide, described in terms of the Media Capture
   attributes.




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   A Provider organizes its Media Captures into one or more Capture
   Scenes, each representing a spatial region, such as a room.  A
   Consumer chooses which Media Captures it wants to receive from each
   Capture Scene.

   In addition, the Provider can send the Consumer a description of
   the Individual Encodings it can send in terms of the media
   attributes of the Encodings, in particular, audio and video
   parameters such as bandwidth, frame rate, macroblocks per second.
   Note that this is OPTIONAL, and intended to minimize the number of
   options a later SDP offer-answer would have to include in the SDP
   in case of complex setups, as should become clearer shortly when
   discussing an outline of the call flow.

   The Provider can also specify constraints on its ability to provide
   Media, and a sensible design choice for a Consumer is to take these
   into account when choosing the content and Capture Encodings it
   requests in the later offer-answer exchange.  Some constraints are
   due to the physical limitations of devices--for example, a camera
   may not be able to provide zoom and non-zoom views simultaneously.
   Other constraints are system based, such as maximum bandwidth and
   maximum video coding performance measured in macroblocks/second.

   The following diagram illustrates the information contained in an
   Advertisement.






















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   ...................................................................
   .  Provider Advertisement                                         .
   .                                                                 .
   .        +------------------------+   +--------------------+      .
   .        |       Capture Scene N  |   | Simultaneous       |      .
   .      +-+----------------------+ |   +--------------------+      .
   .      |       Capture Scene 2  | |                               .
   .    +-+----------------------+ | |      +----------------------+ .
   .    |  Capture Scene 1       | | |      |  Encoding Group N    | .
   .    |    +---------------+   | | |    +-+--------------------+ | .
   .    |    | Attributes    |   | | |    |   Encoding Group 2   | | .
   .    |    +---------------+   | | |  +-+--------------------+ | | .
   .    |                        | | |  |   Encoding Group 1   | | | .
   .    |    +----------------+  | | |  |     parameters       | | | .
   .    |    | E n t r i e s  |  | | |  |                      | | | .
   .    |    |  +---------+   |  | | |  | +-------------------+| | | .
   .    |    |  |Attribute|   |  | | |  | | V i d e o         || | | .
   .    |    |  +---------+   |  | | |  | | E n c o d i n g s || | | .
   .    |    |                |  | | |  | | Encoding 1        || | | .
   .    |    | Entry 1        |  | | |  | | (parameters)      || | | .
   .    |    |  (list of MCs) |  | |-+  | +-------------------+| | | .
   .    |    +----|-|--|------+  |-+    |                      | | | .
   .    +---------|-|--|---------+      | +-------------------+| | | .
   .              | |  |                | | A u d i o         || | | .
   .              | |  |                | | E n c o d i n g s || | | .
   .              v |  |                | | Encoding 1        || | | .
   .      +---------|--|--------+       | | (ID,maxBandwidth) || | | .
   .      | Media Capture N     |------>| +-------------------+| | | .
   .    +-+---------v--|------+ |       |                      | | | .
   .    | Media Capture 2     | |       |                      | |-+ .
   .  +-+--------------v----+ |-------->|                      | |   .
   .  | Media Capture  1    | | |       |                      |-+   .
   .  |  +----------------+ |---------->|                      |     .
   .  |  | Attributes     | | |_+       +----------------------+     .
   .  |  +----------------+ |_+                                      .
   .  +---------------------+                                        .
   .                                                                 .
   ...................................................................
                    Figure 1: Advertisement Structure

   A very brief outline of the call flow used by a simple system (two
   Endpoints) in compliance with this document can be described as
   follows, and as shown in the following figure.




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         +-----------+                     +-----------+
         | Endpoint1 |                     | Endpoint2 |
         +----+------+                     +-----+-----+
              | INVITE (BASIC SDP+CLUECHANNEL)   |
              |--------------------------------->|
              |    200 0K (BASIC SDP+CLUECHANNEL)|
              |<---------------------------------|
              | ACK                              |
              |--------------------------------->|
              |                                  |
              |<################################>|
              |     BASIC SDP MEDIA SESSION      |
              |<################################>|
              |                                  |
              |    CONNECT (CLUE CTRL CHANNEL)   |
              |=================================>|
              |            ...                   |
              |<================================>|
              |   CLUE CTRL CHANNEL ESTABLISHED  |
              |<================================>|
              |                                  |
              | ADVERTISEMENT 1                  |
              |*********************************>|
              |                  ADVERTISEMENT 2 |
              |<*********************************|
              |                                  |
              |                      CONFIGURE 1 |
              |<*********************************|
              | CONFIGURE 2                      |
              |*********************************>|
              |                                  |
              | REINVITE (UPDATED SDP)           |
              |--------------------------------->|
              |              200 0K (UPDATED SDP)|
              |<---------------------------------|
              | ACK                              |
              |--------------------------------->|
              |                                  |
              |<################################>|
              |   UPDATED SDP MEDIA SESSION      |
              |<################################>|
              |                                  |
              v                                  v

                    Figure 2: Basic Information Flow


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   An initial offer/answer exchange establishes a basic media session,
   for example audio-only, and a CLUE channel between two Endpoints.
   With the establishment of that channel, the endpoints have
   consented to use the CLUE protocol mechanisms and, therefore, MUST
   adhere to the CLUE protocol suite as outlined herein.

   Over this CLUE channel, the Provider in each Endpoint conveys its
   characteristics and capabilities by sending an Advertisement as
   specified herein.  The Advertisement is typically not sufficient to
   set up all media.  The Consumer in the Endpoint receives the
   information provided by the Provider, and can use it for two
   purposes.  First, it MUST construct and send a CLUE Configure
   message to tell the Provider what the Consumer wishes to receive.
   Second, it MAY, but is not necessarily REQUIRED to, use the
   information provided to tailor the SDP it is going to send during
   the following SIP offer/answer exchange, and its reaction to SDP it
   receives in that step.  It is often a sensible implementation
   choice to do so, as the representation of the media information
   conveyed over the CLUE channel can dramatically cut down on the
   size of SDP messages used in the O/A exchange that follows.
   Spatial relationships associated with the Media can be included in
   the Advertisement, and it is often sensible for the Media Consumer
   to take those spatial relationships into account when tailoring the
   SDP.

   This CLUE exchange MUST be followed by an SDP offer answer exchange
   that not only establishes those aspects of the media that have not
   been "negotiated" over CLUE, but has also the side effect of
   setting up the media transmission itself, involving potentially
   security exchanges, ICE, and whatnot.  This step is plain vanilla
   SIP, with the exception that the SDP used herein, in most (but not
   necessarily all) cases can be considerably smaller than the SDP a
   system would typically need to exchange if there were no pre-
   established knowledge about the Provider and Consumer
   characteristics.  (The need for cutting down SDP size is not quite
   obvious for a point-to-point call involving simple endpoints;
   however, when considering a large multipoint conference involving
   many multi-screen/multi-camera endpoints, each of which can operate
   using multiple codecs for each camera and microphone, it becomes
   perhaps somewhat more intuitive.)

   During the lifetime of a call, further exchanges MAY occur over the
   CLUE channel.  In some cases, those further exchanges lead to a


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   modified system behavior of Provider or Consumer (or both) without
   any other protocol activity such as further offer/answer exchanges.
   For example, voice-activated screen switching, signaled over the
   CLUE channel, ought not to lead to heavy-handed mechanisms like SIP
   re-invites.  However, in other cases, after the CLUE negotiation an
   additional offer/answer exchange becomes necessary.  For example,
   if both sides decide to upgrade the call from a single screen to a
   multi-screen call and more bandwidth is required for the additional
   video channels compared to what was previously negotiated using
   offer/answer, a new O/A exchange is REQUIRED.

   One aspect of the protocol outlined herein and specified in more
   detail in companion documents is that it makes available
   information regarding the Provider's capabilities to deliver Media,
   and attributes related to that Media such as their spatial
   relationship, to the Consumer.  The operation of the renderer
   inside the Consumer is unspecified in that it can choose to ignore
   some information provided by the Provider, and/or not render media
   streams available from the Provider (although it MUST follow the
   CLUE protocol and, therefore, MUST gracefully receive and respond
   (through a Configure) to the Provider's information).  All CLUE
   protocol mechanisms are OPTIONAL in the Consumer in the sense that,
   while the Consumer MUST be able to receive (and, potentially,
   gracefully acknowledge) CLUE messages, it is free to ignore the
   information provided therein.  Obviously, this is not a
   particularly sensible design choice in almost all conceivable
   cases.

   A CLUE-implementing device interoperates with a device that does
   not support CLUE, because the non-CLUE device does, by definition,
   not understand the offer of a CLUE channel in the initial
   offer/answer exchange and, therefore, will reject it. This
   rejection MUST be used as the indication to the CLUE-implementing
   device that the other side of the communication is not compliant
   with CLUE, and to fall back to behavior that does not require CLUE.

   As for the media, Provider and Consumer have an end-to-end
   communication relationship with respect to (RTP transported) media;
   and the mechanisms described herein and in companion documents do
   not change the aspects of setting up those RTP flows and sessions.
   In other words, the RTP media sessions conform to the negotiated
   SDP whether or not CLUE is used.





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6. Spatial Relationships

   In order for a Consumer to perform a proper rendering, it is often
   necessary or at least helpful for the Consumer to have received
   spatial information about the streams it is receiving.  CLUE
   defines a coordinate system that allows Media Providers to describe
   the spatial relationships of their Media Captures to enable proper
   scaling and spatially sensible rendering of their streams.  The
   coordinate system is based on a few principles:

   o  Simple systems which do not have multiple Media Captures to
      associate spatially need not use the coordinate model.

   o  Coordinates can be either in real, physical units (millimeters),
      have an unknown scale or have no physical scale.  Systems which
      know their physical dimensions (for example professionally
      installed Telepresence room systems) MUST always provide those
      real-world measurements.  Systems which don't know specific
      physical dimensions but still know relative distances MUST use
      'unknown scale'.  'No scale' is intended to be used where Media
      Captures from different devices (with potentially different
      scales) will be forwarded alongside one another (e.g. in the
      case of a middle box).

      *  "Millimeters" means the scale is in millimeters.

      *  "Unknown" means the scale is not necessarily millimeters, but
         the scale is the same for every Capture in the Capture Scene.

      *  "No Scale" means the scale could be different for each
         capture- an MCU provider that advertises two adjacent
         captures and picks sources (which can change quickly) from
         different endpoints might use this value; the scale could be
         different and changing for each capture.  But the areas of
         capture still represent a spatial relation between captures.

   o  The coordinate system is Cartesian X, Y, Z with the origin at a
      spatial location of the provider's choosing.  The Provider MUST
      use the same coordinate system with the same scale and origin
      for all coordinates within the same Capture Scene.

   The direction of increasing coordinate values is:
   X increases from Camera-Left to Camera-Right
   Y increases from front to back
   Z increases from low to high (i.e. floor to ceiling)


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7. Media Captures and Capture Scenes

   This section describes how Providers can describe the content of
   media to Consumers.

7.1. Media Captures

   Media Captures are the fundamental representations of streams that
   a device can transmit.  What a Media Capture actually represents is
   flexible:

   o  It can represent the immediate output of a physical source (e.g.
      camera, microphone) or 'synthetic' source (e.g. laptop computer,
      DVD player).

   o  It can represent the output of an audio mixer or video composer

   o  It can represent a concept such as 'the loudest speaker'

   o  It can represent a conceptual position such as 'the leftmost
      stream'

   To identify and distinguish between multiple Capture instances
   Captures have a unique identity.  For instance: VC1, VC2 and AC1,
   AC2, where VC1 and VC2 refer to two different video captures and
   AC1 and AC2 refer to two different audio captures.

   Some key points about Media Captures:

     . A Media Capture is of a single media type (e.g. audio or
        video)
     . A Media Capture is defined in a Capture Scene and is given an
        advertisement unique identity.  The identity may be referenced
        outside the Capture Scene that defines it through a Multiple
        Content Capture (MCC)
     . A Media Capture is associated with one or more Capture Scene
        Entries
     . A Media Capture has exactly one set of spatial information
     . A Media Capture can be the source of one or more Capture
        Encodings

   Each Media Capture can be associated with attributes to describe
   what it represents.




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7.1.1. Media Capture Attributes

   Media Capture Attributes describe information about the Captures.
   A Provider can use the Media Capture Attributes to describe the
   Captures for the benefit of the Consumer in the Advertisement
   message.  Media Capture Attributes include:

     . Spatial information, such as point of capture, point on line
        of capture, and area of capture, all of which, in combination
        define the capture field of, for example, a camera;
     . Capture multiplexing information (mono/stereo audio, maximum
        number of simultaneous encodings per Capture and so on); and
     . Other descriptive information to help the Consumer choose
        between captures (description, presentation, view, priority,
        language, person information and type).
     . Control information for use inside the CLUE protocol suite.

   The sub-sections below define the Capture attributes.

7.1.1.1. Point of Capture

   The Point of Capture attribute is a field with a single Cartesian
   (X, Y, Z) point value which describes the spatial location of the
   capturing device (such as camera).

7.1.1.2. Point on Line of Capture

   The Point on Line of Capture attribute is a field with a single
   Cartesian (X, Y, Z) point value which describes a position in space
   of a second point on the axis of the capturing device; the first
   point being the Point of Capture (see above).

   Together, the Point of Capture and Point on Line of Capture define
   an axis of the capturing device, for example the optical axis of a
   camera.  The Media Consumer can use this information to adjust how
   it renders the received media if it so chooses.

7.1.1.3. Area of Capture

   The Area of Capture is a field with a set of four (X, Y, Z) points
   as a value which describes the spatial location of what is being
   "captured".  By comparing the Area of Capture for different Media
   Captures within the same Capture Scene a consumer can determine the
   spatial relationships between them and render them correctly.



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   The four points MUST be co-planar, forming a quadrilateral, which
   defines the Plane of Interest for the particular media capture.

   If the Area of Capture is not specified, it means the Media Capture
   is not spatially related to any other Media Capture.

   For a switched capture that switches between different sections
   within a larger area, the area of capture MUST use coordinates for
   the larger potential area.

7.1.1.4. Mobility of Capture

   The Mobility of Capture attribute indicates whether or not the
   point of capture, line on point of capture, and area of capture
   values stay the same over time, or are expected to change
   (potentially frequently).  Possible values are static, dynamic, and
   highly dynamic.

   An example for "dynamic" is a camera mounted on a stand which is
   occasionally hand-carried and placed at different positions in
   order to provide the best angle to capture a work task.  A camera
   worn by a person who moves around the room is an example for
   "highly dynamic". In either case, the effect is that the capture
   point, capture axis and area of capture change with time.

   The capture point of a static capture MUST NOT move for the life of
   the conference. The capture point of dynamic captures is
   categorized by a change in position followed by a reasonable period
   of stability--in the order of magnitude of minutes. High dynamic
   captures are categorized by a capture point that is constantly
   moving.  If the "area of capture", "capture point" and "line of
   capture" attributes are included with dynamic or highly dynamic
   captures they indicate spatial information at the time of the
   Advertisement.

7.1.1.5. Audio Channel Format

   The Audio Channel Format attribute is a field with enumerated
   values which describes the method of encoding used for audio. A
   value of 'mono' means the Audio Capture has one channel.  'stereo'
   means the Audio Capture has two audio channels, left and right.

   This attribute applies only to Audio Captures.  A single stereo
   capture is different from two mono captures that have a left-right
   spatial relationship.  A stereo capture maps to a single Capture


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   Encoding, while each mono audio capture maps to a separate Capture
   Encoding.

7.1.1.6. Max Capture Encodings

   The Max Capture Encodings attribute is an optional attribute
   indicating the maximum number of Capture Encodings that can be
   simultaneously active for the Media Capture.  The number of
   simultaneous Capture Encodings is also limited by the restrictions
   of the Encoding Group for the Media Capture.

7.1.1.7. Description

   The Description attribute is a human-readable description of the
   Capture, which could be in multiple languages.

7.1.1.8. Presentation

   The Presentation attribute indicates that the capture originates
   from a presentation device, that is one that provides supplementary
   information to a conference through slides, video, still images,
   data etc.  Where more information is known about the capture it MAY
   be expanded hierarchically to indicate the different types of
   presentation media, e.g. presentation.slides, presentation.image
   etc.

   Note: It is expected that a number of keywords will be defined that
   provide more detail on the type of presentation.

7.1.1.9. View

   The View attribute is a field with enumerated values, indicating
   what type of view the Capture relates to.  The Consumer can use
   this information to help choose which Media Captures it wishes to
   receive.  The value MUST be one of:

   Room - Captures the entire scene

   Table - Captures the conference table with seated people

   Individual - Captures an individual person

   Lectern - Captures the region of the lectern including the
   presenter, for example in a classroom style conference room



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   Audience - Captures a region showing the audience in a classroom
   style conference room

7.1.1.10. Language

   The language attribute indicates one or more languages used in the
   content of the Media Capture.  Captures MAY be offered in different
   languages in case of multilingual and/or accessible conferences.  A
   Consumer can use this attribute to differentiate between them and
   pick the appropriate one.

   Note that the Language attribute is defined and meaningful both for
   audio and video captures.  In case of audio captures, the meaning
   is obvious.  For a video capture, "Language" could, for example, be
   sign interpretation or text.

7.1.1.11. Person Information

   The person information attribute allows a Provider to provide
   specific information regarding the people in a Capture (regardless
   of whether or not the capture has a Presentation attribute). The
   Provider may gather the information automatically or manually from
   a variety of sources however the xCard [RFC6351] format is used to
   convey the information. This allows various information such as
   Identification information (section 6.2/[RFC6350]), Communication
   Information (section 6.4/[RFC6350]) and Organizational information
   (section 6.6/[RFC6350]) to be communicated. A Consumer may then
   automatically (i.e. via a policy) or manually select Captures
   based on information about who is in a Capture. It also allows a
   Consumer to render information regarding the people participating
   in the conference or to use it for further processing.

   The Provider may supply a minimal set of information or a larger
   set of information. However it MUST be compliant to [RFC6350] and
   supply a "VERSION" and "FN" property. A Provider may supply
   multiple xCards per Capture of any KIND (section 6.1.4/[RFC6350]).

   In order to keep CLUE messages compact the Provider SHOULD use a
   URI to point to any LOGO, PHOTO or SOUND contained in the xCARD
   rather than transmitting the LOGO, PHOTO or SOUND data in a CLUE
   message.






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7.1.1.12. Person Type

   The person type attribute indicates the type of people contained in
   the capture in the conference with respect to the meeting agenda
   (regardless of whether or not the capture has a Presentation
   attribute). As a capture may include multiple people the attribute
   may contain multiple values. However values shall not be repeated
   within the attribute.

   An Advertiser associates the person type with an individual capture
   when it knows that a particular type is in the capture. If an
   Advertiser cannot link a particular type with some certainty to a
   capture then it is not included. A Consumer on reception of a
   capture with a person type attribute knows with some certainly that
   the capture contains that person type. The capture may contain
   other person types but the Advertiser has not been able to
   determine that this is the case.

   The types of Captured people include:

     . Chairman - the person responsible for running the conference
        according to the agenda.
     . Vice-Chairman - the person responsible for assisting the
        chairman in running the meeting.
     . Minute Taker - the person responsible for recording the
        minutes of the conference
     . Member - the person has no particular responsibilities with
        respect to running the meeting.
     . Presenter - the person is scheduled on the agenda to make a
        presentation in the meeting. Note: This is not related to any
        "active speaker" functionality.
     . Translator - the person is providing some form of translation
        or commentary in the meeting.
     . Timekeeper - the person is responsible for maintaining the
        meeting schedule.

   Furthermore the person type attribute may contain one or more
   strings allowing the Provider to indicate custom meeting specific
   roles.

7.1.1.13. Priority

   The priority attribute indicates a relative priority between
   different Media Captures.  The Provider sets this priority, and the



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   Consumer MAY use the priority to help decide which captures it
   wishes to receive.

   The "priority" attribute is an integer which indicates a relative
   priority between Captures. For example it is possible to assign a
   priority between two presentation Captures that would allow a
   remote endpoint to determine which presentation is more important.
   Priority is assigned at the individual capture level. It represents
   the Provider's view of the relative priority between Captures with
   a priority. The same priority number MAY be used across multiple
   Captures. It indicates they are equally important. If no priority
   is assigned no assumptions regarding relative important of the
   Capture can be assumed.

7.1.1.14. Embedded Text

   The Embedded Text attribute indicates that a Capture provides
   embedded textual information. For example the video Capture MAY
   contain speech to text information composed with the video image.
   This attribute is only applicable to video Captures and
   presentation streams with visual information.

7.1.1.15. Related To

   The Related To attribute indicates the Capture contains additional
   complementary information related to another Capture.  The value
   indicates the identity of the other Capture to which this Capture
   is providing additional information.

   For example, a conference can utilize translators or facilitators
   that provide an additional audio stream (i.e. a translation or
   description or commentary of the conference).  Where multiple
   captures are available, it may be advantageous for a Consumer to
   select a complementary Capture instead of or in addition to a
   Capture it relates to.

7.2. Multiple Content Capture

   The MCC indicates that one or more Single Media Captures are
   contained in one Media Capture.  Only one Capture type (i.e. audio,
   video, etc.) is allowed in each MCC instance.  The MCC may contain
   a reference to the Single Media Captures (which may have their own
   attributes) as well as attributes associated with the MCC itself.
   A MCC may also contain other MCCs.  The MCC MAY reference Captures
   from within the Capture Scene that defines it or from other Capture


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   Scenes.  No ordering is implied by the order that Captures appear
   within a MCC. A MCC MAY contain no references to other Captures to
   indicate that the MCC contains content from multiple sources but no
   information regarding those sources is given.

   One or more MCCs may also be specified in a CSE.  This allows an
   Advertiser to indicate that several MCC captures are used to
   represent a capture scene.  Table 14 provides an example of this
   case.

   As outlined in section 7.1. each instance of the MCC has its own
   Capture identity i.e. MCC1. It allows all the individual captures
   contained in the MCC to be referenced by a single MCC identity.

   The example below shows the use of a Multiple Content Capture:

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | {attributes}                    |
        | VC2                   | {attributes}                    |
        | VCn                   | {attributes}                    |
        | MCC1(VC1,VC2,...VCn)  | {attributes}                    |
        | CSE(MCC1)             |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+

                Table 1: Multiple Content Capture concept

   This indicates that MCC1 is a single capture that contains the
   Captures VC1, VC2 and VC3 according to any MCC1 attributes.

7.2.1. MCC Attributes

   Attributes may be associated with the MCC instance and the Single
   Media Captures that the MCC references.  A provider should avoid
   providing conflicting attribute values between the MCC and Single
   Media Captures. Where there is conflict the attributes of the MCC
   override any that may be present in the individual captures.

   A Provider MAY include as much or as little of the original source
   Capture information as it requires.

   There are MCC specific attributes that MUST only be used with
   Multiple Content Captures. These are described in the sections



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   below. The attributes described in section 7.1.1. MAY also be used
   with MCCs.

   The spatial related attributes of an MCC indicate its area of
   capture and point of capture within the scene, just like any other
   media capture.  The spatial information does not imply anything
   about how other captures are composed within an MCC.

   For example:  A virtual scene could be constructed for the MCC
   capture with two Video Captures with a "MaxCaptures" attribute set
   to 2 and an "Area of Capture" attribute provided with an overall
   area.  Each of the individual Captures could then also include an
   "Area of Capture" attribute with a sub-set of the overall area.
   The Consumer would then know how each capture is related to others
   within the scene, but not the relative position of the individual
   captures within the composed capture.

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | AreaofCapture=(0,0,0)(9,0,0)    |
        |                       |               (0,0,9)(9,0,9)    |
        | VC2                   | AreaofCapture=(10,0,0)(19,0,0)  |
        |                       |               (10,0,9)(19,0,9)  |
        | MCC1(VC1,VC2)         | MaxCaptures=2                   |
        |                       | AreaofCapture=(0,0,0)(19,0,0)   |
        |                       |               (0,0,9)(19,0,9)   |
        | CSE(MCC1)             |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+

        Table 2: Example of MCC and Single Media Capture attributes

   The sections below describe the MCC only attributes.

7.2.1.1. Maximum Number of Captures within a MCC

   The Maximum Number of Captures MCC attribute indicates the maximum
   number of individual captures that may appear in a Capture Encoding
   at a time.  The actual number at any given time can be less than
   this maximum.  It may be used to derive how the Single Media
   Captures within the MCC are composed / switched with regards to
   space and time.

   A Provider can indicate that the number of captures in a MCC
   capture encoding is equal "=" to the MaxCaptures value or that


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   there may be any number of captures up to and including "<=" the
   MaxCaptures value. This allows a Provider to distinguish between a
   MCC that purely represents a composition of sources versus a MCC
   that represents switched or switched and composed sources.

   MaxCaptures MAY be set to one so that only content related to one
   of the sources are shown in the MCC Capture Encoding at a time or
   it may be set to any value up to the total number of Source Media
   Captures in the MCC.

   The bullets below describe how the setting of MaxCapture versus the
   number of captures in the MCC affects how sources appear in a
   capture encoding:

     . When MaxCaptures is set to <= 1 and the number of captures in
        the MCC is greater than 1 (or not specified) in the MCC this
        is a switched case. Zero or 1 captures may be switched into
        the capture encoding. Note: zero is allowed because of the
        "<=".
     . When MaxCaptures is set to = 1 and the number of captures in
        the MCC is greater than 1 (or not specified) in the MCC this
        is a switched case. Only one capture source is contained in a
        capture encoding at a time.
     . When MaxCaptures is set to <= N (with N > 1) and the number of
        captures in the MCC is greater than N (or not specified) this
        is a switched and composed case. The capture encoding may
        contain purely switched sources (i.e. <=2 allows for 1 source
        on its own), or may contain composed and switched sources
        (i.e. a composition of 2 sources switched between the
        sources).
     . When MaxCaptures is set to = N (with N > 1) and the number of
        captures in the MCC is greater than N (or not specified) this
        is a switched and composed case. The capture encoding contains
        composed and switched sources (i.e. a composition of N sources
        switched between the sources). It is not possible to have a
        single source.
     . When MaxCaptures is set to <= to the number of captures in the
        MCC this is a switched and composed case. The capture encoding
        may contain media switched between any number (up to the
        MaxCaptures) of composed sources.
     . When MaxCaptures is set to = to the number of captures in the
        MCC this is a composed case. All the sources are composed into
        a single capture encoding.




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   If this attribute is not set then as default it is assumed that all
   source content can appear concurrently in the Capture Encoding
   associated with the MCC.

   For example: The use of MaxCaptures equal to 1 on a MCC with three
   Video Captures VC1, VC2 and VC3 would indicate that the Advertiser
   in the capture encoding would switch  between VC1, VC2 or VC3 as
   there may be only a maximum of one capture at a time.

7.2.1.2. Policy

   The Policy MCC Attribute indicates the criteria that the Provider
   uses to determine when and/or where media content appears in the
   Capture Encoding related to the MCC.

   The attribute is in the form of a token that indicates the policy
   and index representing an instance of the policy.

   The tokens are:

   SoundLevel - This indicates that the content of the MCC is
   determined by a sound level detection algorithm. For example: the
   loudest (active) speaker is contained in the MCC.

   RoundRobin - This indicates that the content of the MCC is
   determined by a time based algorithm. For example: the Provider
   provides content from a particular source for a period of time and
   then provides content from another source and so on.

   An index is used to represent an instance in the policy setting. A
   index of 0 represents the most current instance of the policy, i.e.
   the active speaker, 1 represents the previous instance, i.e. the
   previous active speaker and so on.

   The following example shows a case where the Provider provides two
   media streams, one showing the active speaker and a second stream
   showing the previous speaker.

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   |                                 |
        | VC2                   |                                 |
        | MCC1(VC1,VC2)         | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |


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        | MCC2(VC1,VC2)         | Policy=SoundLevel:1             |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        | CSE(MCC1,MCC2)        |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+

                Table 3: Example Policy MCC attribute usage

7.2.1.3. Synchronisation Identity

   The Synchronisation Identity MCC attribute indicates how the
   individual captures in multiple MCC captures are synchronised.  To
   indicate that the Capture Encodings associated with MCCs contain
   captures from the source at the same time a Provider should set the
   same Synchronisation Identity on each of the concerned MCCs.  It is
   the provider that determines what the source for the Captures is,
   so a provider can choose how to group together Single Media
   Captures for the purpose of keeping them synchronized according to
   the SynchronisationID attribute.  For example when the provider is
   in an MCU it may determine that each separate CLUE endpoint is a
   remote source of media. The Synchronisation Identity may be used
   across media types, i.e. to synchronize audio and video related
   MCCs.

   Without this attribute it is assumed that multiple MCCs may provide
   content from different sources at any particular point in time.

   For example:

        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #1      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | Description=Left                |
        | VC2                   | Description=Centre              |
        | VC3                   | Description=Right               |
        | AC1                   | Description=room                |
        | CSE(VC1,VC2,VC3)      |                                 |
        | CSE(AC1)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #2      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC4                   | Description=Left                |
        | VC5                   | Description=Centre              |
        | VC6                   | Description=Right               |
        | AC2                   | Description=room                |
        | CSE(VC4,VC5,VC6)      |                                 |


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        | CSE(AC2)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #3      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC7                   |                                 |
        | AC3                   |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #4      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC8                   |                                 |
        | AC4                   |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #3      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | MCC1(VC1,VC4,VC7)     | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        | MCC2(VC2,VC5,VC8)     | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        | MCC3(VC3,VC6)         | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        | MCC4(AC1,AC2,AC3,AC4) | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        | CSE(MCC1,MCC2,MCC3)   |                                 |
        | CSE(MCC4)             |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+

       Table 4: Example Synchronisation Identity MCC attribute usage

   The above Advertisement would indicate that MCC1, MCC2, MCC3 and
   MCC4 make up a Capture Scene.  There would be four capture
   encodings (one for each MCC).  Because MCC1 and MCC2 have the same
   SynchronisationID, each encoding from MCC1 and MCC2 respectively
   would together have content from only Capture Scene 1 or only
   Capture Scene 2 or the combination of VC7 and VC8 at a particular
   point in time.  In this case the provider has decided the sources
   to be synchronized are Scene #1, Scene #2, and Scene #3 and #4
   together. The encoding from MCC3 would not be synchronised with
   MCC1 or MCC2. As MCC4 also has the same Synchronisation Identity
   as MCC1 and MCC2 the content of the audio encoding will be
   synchronised with the video content.

7.3. Capture Scene

   In order for a Provider's individual Captures to be used
   effectively by a Consumer, the provider organizes the Captures into
   one or more Capture Scenes, with the structure and contents of


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   these Capture Scenes being sent from the Provider to the Consumer
   in the Advertisement.

   A Capture Scene is a structure representing a spatial region
   containing one or more Capture Devices, each capturing media
   representing a portion of the region.  A Capture Scene includes one
   or more Capture Scene entries, with each entry including one or
   more Media Captures.  A Capture Scene represents, for example, the
   video image of a group of people seated next to each other, along
   with the sound of their voices, which could be represented by some
   number of VCs and ACs in the Capture Scene Entries.  A middle box
   can also describe in Capture Scenes what it constructs from media
   Streams it receives.

   A Provider MAY advertise one or more Capture Scenes.  What
   constitutes an entire Capture Scene is up to the Provider.  A
   simple Provider might typically use one Capture Scene for
   participant media (live video from the room cameras) and another
   Capture Scene for a computer generated presentation.  In more
   complex systems, the use of additional Capture Scenes is also
   sensible.  For example, a classroom may advertise two Capture
   Scenes involving live video, one including only the camera
   capturing the instructor (and associated audio), the other
   including camera(s) capturing students (and associated audio).

   A Capture Scene MAY (and typically will) include more than one type
   of media.  For example, a Capture Scene can include several Capture
   Scene Entries for Video Captures, and several Capture Scene Entries
   for Audio Captures.  A particular Capture MAY be included in more
   than one Capture Scene Entry.

   A provider MAY express spatial relationships between Captures that
   are included in the same Capture Scene.  However, there is not
   necessarily the same spatial relationship between Media Captures
   that are in different Capture Scenes.  In other words, Capture
   Scenes can use their own spatial measurement system as outlined
   above in section 6.

   A Provider arranges Captures in a Capture Scene to help the
   Consumer choose which captures it wants to render.  The Capture
   Scene Entries in a Capture Scene are different alternatives the
   Provider is suggesting for representing the Capture Scene.  Each
   Capture Scene Entry is given an advertisement unique identity.  The
   order of Capture Scene Entries within a Capture Scene has no
   significance.  The Media Consumer can choose to receive all Media


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   Captures from one Capture Scene Entry for each media type (e.g.
   audio and video), or it can pick and choose Media Captures
   regardless of how the Provider arranges them in Capture Scene
   Entries.  Different Capture Scene Entries of the same media type
   are not necessarily mutually exclusive alternatives.  Also note
   that the presence of multiple Capture Scene Entries (with
   potentially multiple encoding options in each entry) in a given
   Capture Scene does not necessarily imply that a Provider is able to
   serve all the associated media simultaneously (although the
   construction of such an over-rich Capture Scene is probably not
   sensible in many cases).  What a Provider can send simultaneously
   is determined through the Simultaneous Transmission Set mechanism,
   described in section 8.

   Captures within the same Capture Scene entry MUST be of the same
   media type - it is not possible to mix audio and video captures in
   the same Capture Scene Entry, for instance.  The Provider MUST be
   capable of encoding and sending all Captures (that have an encoding
   group) in a single Capture Scene Entry simultaneously.  The order
   of Captures within a Capture Scene Entry has no significance.  A
   Consumer can decide to receive all the Captures in a single Capture
   Scene Entry, but a Consumer could also decide to receive just a
   subset of those captures.  A Consumer can also decide to receive
   Captures from different Capture Scene Entries, all subject to the
   constraints set by Simultaneous Transmission Sets, as discussed in
   section 8.

   When a Provider advertises a Capture Scene with multiple entries,
   it is essentially signaling that there are multiple representations
   of the same Capture Scene available.  In some cases, these multiple
   representations would typically be used simultaneously (for
   instance a "video entry" and an "audio entry").  In some cases the
   entries would conceptually be alternatives (for instance an entry
   consisting of three Video Captures covering the whole room versus
   an entry consisting of just a single Video Capture covering only
   the center of a room).  In this latter example, one sensible choice
   for a Consumer would be to indicate (through its Configure and
   possibly through an additional offer/answer exchange) the Captures
   of that Capture Scene Entry that most closely matched the
   Consumer's number of display devices or screen layout.

   The following is an example of 4 potential Capture Scene Entries
   for an endpoint-style Provider:

   1.  (VC0, VC1, VC2) - left, center and right camera Video Captures


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   2.  (VC3) - Video Capture associated with loudest room segment

   3.  (VC4) - Video Capture zoomed out view of all people in the room

   4.  (AC0) - main audio

   The first entry in this Capture Scene example is a list of Video
   Captures which have a spatial relationship to each other.
   Determination of the order of these captures (VC0, VC1 and VC2) for
   rendering purposes is accomplished through use of their Area of
   Capture attributes.  The second entry (VC3) and the third entry
   (VC4) are alternative representations of the same room's video,
   which might be better suited to some Consumers' rendering
   capabilities.  The inclusion of the Audio Capture in the same
   Capture Scene indicates that AC0 is associated with all of those
   Video Captures, meaning it comes from the same spatial region.
   Therefore, if audio were to be rendered at all, this audio would be
   the correct choice irrespective of which Video Captures were
   chosen.

7.3.1. Capture Scene attributes

   Capture Scene Attributes can be applied to Capture Scenes as well
   as to individual media captures.  Attributes specified at this
   level apply to all constituent Captures.  Capture Scene attributes
   include

     . Human-readable description of the Capture Scene, which could
        be in multiple languages;
     . xCard scene information
     . Scale information (millimeters, unknown, no scale), as
        described in Section 6.

7.3.1.1. Scene Information

   The Scene information attribute provides information regarding the
   Capture Scene rather than individual participants. The Provider
   may gather the information automatically or manually from a
   variety of sources. The scene information attribute allows a
   Provider to indicate information such as: organizational or
   geographic information allowing a Consumer to determine which
   Capture Scenes are of interest in order to then perform Capture
   selection. It also allows a Consumer to render information
   regarding the Scene or to use it for further processing.



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   As per 7.1.1.11. the xCard format is used to convey this
   information and the Provider may supply a minimal set of
   information or a larger set of information.

   In order to keep CLUE messages compact the Provider SHOULD use a
   URI to point to any LOGO, PHOTO or SOUND contained in the xCARD
   rather than transmitting the LOGO, PHOTO or SOUND data in a CLUE
   message.

7.3.2. Capture Scene Entry attributes

   A Capture Scene can include one or more Capture Scene Entries in
   addition to the Capture Scene wide attributes described above.
   Capture Scene Entry attributes apply to the Capture Scene Entry as
   a whole, i.e. to all Captures that are part of the Capture Scene
   Entry.

   Capture Scene Entry attributes include:

     . Human-readable description of the Capture Scene Entry, which
        could be in multiple languages;

7.3.3. Global Capture Scene Entry List

   An Advertisement can include an optional global Capture Scene
   Entry list.  Each item in this list is a set of one or more
   Capture Scene Entries of the same media type.  Each set of CSEs in
   the list is a suggestion from the Provider to the Consumer for
   which CSEs provide a complete representation of the simultaneous
   captures provided by the provider, across multiple scenes.  The
   Provider can include multiple sets, to allow a consumer to choose
   sets of captures appropriate to its capabilities or application.
   The choice of how to make these suggestions in the Global CSE list
   for what represents all the scenes for which the provider can send
   media is up to the provider.  This is very similar to how each CSE
   represents a particular scene.

   As an example, suppose an advertisement has three scenes, and each
   scene has three CSEs, ranging from one to three video captures in
   each CSE.  The provider is advertising a total of nine video
   captures across three scenes.  The provider can use the Global CSE
   list to suggest alternatives for consumers that can't receive all
   nine video captures as separate media streams.  For accommodating
   a consumer that wants to receive three video captures, a provider
   might suggest a single CSE with three captures and nothing from


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   the other two scenes.  Or a provider might suggest three different
   CSEs, one from each scene, with a single video capture in each.

   Some additional rules:

     . The ordering of items (sets of CSEs) in the global CSE list
        is not important.
     . The ordering of CSEs within each set is not important.
     . A particular CSE may be used in multiple sets.
     . The Provider must be capable of encoding and sending all
        Captures within the CSEs of a given set simultaneously.

8. Simultaneous Transmission Set Constraints

   In many practical cases, a Provider has constraints or limitations
   on its ability to send Captures simultaneously.  One type of
   limitation is caused by the physical limitations of capture
   mechanisms; these constraints are represented by a simultaneous
   transmission set.  The second type of limitation reflects the
   encoding resources available, such as bandwidth or video encoding
   throughput (macroblocks/second).  This type of constraint is
   captured by encoding groups, discussed below.

   Some Endpoints or MCUs can send multiple Captures simultaneously;
   however sometimes there are constraints that limit which Captures
   can be sent simultaneously with other Captures.  A device may not
   be able to be used in different ways at the same time.  Provider
   Advertisements are made so that the Consumer can choose one of
   several possible mutually exclusive usages of the device.  This
   type of constraint is expressed in a Simultaneous Transmission Set,
   which lists all the Captures of a particular media type (e.g.
   audio, video, text) that can be sent at the same time.  There are
   different Simultaneous Transmission Sets for each media type in the
   Advertisement.  This is easier to show in an example.

   Consider the example of a room system where there are three cameras
   each of which can send a separate capture covering two persons
   each- VC0, VC1, VC2.  The middle camera can also zoom out (using an
   optical zoom lens) and show all six persons, VC3.  But the middle
   camera cannot be used in both modes at the same time - it has to
   either show the space where two participants sit or the whole six
   seats, but not both at the same time.  As a result, VC1 and VC3
   cannot be sent simultaneously.




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   Simultaneous Transmission Sets are expressed as sets of the Media
   Captures that the Provider could transmit at the same time (though,
   in some cases, it is not intuitive to do so).  If a Multiple
   Content Capture is included in a Simultaneous Transmission Set it
   indicates that the Capture Encoding associated with it could be
   transmitted as the same time as the other Captures within the
   Simultaneous Transmission Set. It does not imply that the Single
   Media Captures contained in the Multiple Content Capture could all
   be transmitted at the same time.

   In this example the two simultaneous sets are shown in Table 1.  If
   a Provider advertises one or more mutually exclusive Simultaneous
   Transmission Sets, then for each media type the Consumer MUST
   ensure that it chooses Media Captures that lie wholly within one of
   those Simultaneous Transmission Sets.

                           +-------------------+
                           | Simultaneous Sets |
                           +-------------------+
                           | {VC0, VC1, VC2}   |
                           | {VC0, VC3, VC2}   |
                           +-------------------+

                Table 5: Two Simultaneous Transmission Sets

   A Provider OPTIONALLY can include the simultaneous sets in its
   provider Advertisement.  These simultaneous set constraints apply
   across all the Capture Scenes in the Advertisement.  It is a syntax
   conformance requirement that the simultaneous transmission sets
   MUST allow all the media captures in any particular Capture Scene
   Entry to be used simultaneously.  Similarly, the simultaneous
   transmission sets MUST reflect the simultaneity expressed by any
   global CSE sets.

   For shorthand convenience, a Provider MAY describe a Simultaneous
   Transmission Set in terms of Capture Scene Entries and Capture
   Scenes.  If a Capture Scene Entry is included in a Simultaneous
   Transmission Set, then all Media Captures in the Capture Scene
   Entry are included in the Simultaneous Transmission Set.  If a
   Capture Scene is included in a Simultaneous Transmission Set, then
   all its Capture Scene Entries (of the corresponding media type) are
   included in the Simultaneous Transmission Set.  The end result
   reduces to a set of Media Captures in either case.




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   If an Advertisement does not include Simultaneous Transmission
   Sets, then the Provider MUST be able to provide all Capture Scenes
   simultaneously.  If multiple capture Scene Entries are in a Capture
   Scene then the Consumer chooses at most one Capture Scene Entry per
   Capture Scene for each media type.  Likewise, if there are no
   Simultaneous Transmission Sets and there is a global CSE list, then
   the Consumer chooses at most one set of CSEs of each media type,
   from the global CSE list.

   If an Advertisement includes multiple Capture Scene Entries in a
   Capture Scene then the Consumer MAY choose one Capture Scene Entry
   for each media type, or MAY choose individual Captures based on the
   Simultaneous Transmission Sets.

9. Encodings

   Individual encodings and encoding groups are CLUE's mechanisms
   allowing a Provider to signal its limitations for sending Captures,
   or combinations of Captures, to a Consumer.  Consumers can map the
   Captures they want to receive onto the Encodings, with encoding
   parameters they want.  As for the relationship between the CLUE-
   specified mechanisms based on Encodings and the SIP Offer-Answer
   exchange, please refer to section 4.

9.1. Individual Encodings

   An Individual Encoding represents a way to encode a Media Capture
   to become a Capture Encoding, to be sent as an encoded media stream
   from the Provider to the Consumer.  An Individual Encoding has a
   set of parameters characterizing how the media is encoded.

   Different media types have different parameters, and different
   encoding algorithms may have different parameters.  An Individual
   Encoding can be assigned to at most one Capture Encoding at any
   given time.

   The parameters of an Individual Encoding represent the maximum
   values for certain aspects of the encoding.  A particular
   instantiation into a Capture Encoding MAY use lower values than
   these maximums if that is applicable for the media in question.
   For example, most video codec specifications require a conformant
   decoder to decode resolutions and frame rates smaller than what has
   been negotiated as a maximum, so downgrading the CLUE maximum
   values for macroblocks/second is appropriate.  On the other hand,
   downgrading the sample rate of G.711 audio below 8kHz is not


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   specified in G.711 and therefore not applicable in the sense
   described here.

   Individual Encoding parameters are represented in SDP [RFC4566],
   not in CLUE messages.  For example, for a video encoding using
   H.26x compression technologies, this can include parameters such
   as:

     . Maximum bandwidth;
     . Maximum picture size in pixels;
     . Maxmimum number of pixels to be processed per second;

   The bandwidth parameter is the only one that specifically relates
   to a CLUE Advertisement, as it can be further constrained by the
   maximum group bandwidth in an Encoding Group.

9.2. Encoding Group

   An Encoding Group includes a set of one or more Individual
   Encodings, and parameters that apply to the group as a whole.  By
   grouping multiple individual Encodings together, an Encoding Group
   describes additional constraints on bandwidth for the group.

   The Encoding Group data structure contains:

     . Maximum bitrate for all encodings in the group combined;
     . A list of identifiers for audio and video encodings,
        respectively, belonging to the group.

   When the Individual Encodings in a group are instantiated into
   Capture Encodings, each Capture Encoding has a bitrate that MUST be
   less than or equal to the max bitrate for the particular individual
   encoding.  The "maximum bitrate for all encodings in the group"
   parameter gives the additional restriction that the sum of all the
   individual capture encoding bitrates MUST be less than or equal to
   the this group value.

   The following diagram illustrates one example of the structure of a
   media provider's Encoding Groups and their contents.








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   ,-------------------------------------------------.
   |             Media Provider                      |
   |                                                 |
   |  ,--------------------------------------.       |
   |  | ,--------------------------------------.     |
   |  | | ,--------------------------------------.   |
   |  | | |          Encoding Group              |   |
   |  | | | ,-----------.                        |   |
   |  | | | |           | ,---------.            |   |
   |  | | | |           | |         | ,---------.|   |
   |  | | | | Encoding1 | |Encoding2| |Encoding3||   |
   |  `.| | |           | |         | `---------'|   |
   |    `.| `-----------' `---------'            |   |
   |      `--------------------------------------'   |
   `-------------------------------------------------'

                    Figure 3: Encoding Group Structure

   A Provider advertises one or more Encoding Groups.  Each Encoding
   Group includes one or more Individual Encodings.  Each Individual
   Encoding can represent a different way of encoding media.  For
   example one Individual Encoding may be 1080p60 video, another could
   be 720p30, with a third being CIF, all in, for example, H.264
   format.
   While a typical three codec/display system might have one Encoding
   Group per "codec box" (physical codec, connected to one camera and
   one screen), there are many possibilities for the number of
   Encoding Groups a Provider may be able to offer and for the
   encoding values in each Encoding Group.

   There is no requirement for all Encodings within an Encoding Group
   to be instantiated at the same time.

9.3. Associating Captures with Encoding Groups

   Each Media Capture MAY be associated with at least one Encoding
   Group, which is used to instantiate that Capture into one or more
   Capture Encodings.  Typically MCCs are assigned an Encoding Group
   and thus become a Capture Encoding.  The Captures (including other
   MCCs) referenced by the MCC do not need to be assigned to an
   Encoding Group. This means that all the Media Captures referenced
   by the MCC will appear in the Capture Encoding according to any MCC
   attributes. This allows an Advertiser to specify Capture attributes
   associated with the Media Captures without the need to provide an
   individual Capture Encoding for each of the inputs.


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   If an Encoding Group is assigned to a Media Capture referenced by
   the MCC it indicates that this Capture may also have an individual
   Capture Encoding.

   For example:

        +--------------------+------------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1   |                                    |
        +--------------------+------------------------------------+
        | VC1                | EncodeGroupID=1                    |
        | VC2                |                                    |
        | MCC1(VC1,VC2)      | EncodeGroupID=2                    |
        | CSE(VC1)           |                                    |
        | CSE(MCC1)          |                                    |
        +--------------------+------------------------------------+

     Table 6: Example usage of Encoding with MCC and source Captures

   This would indicate that VC1 may be sent as its own Capture
   Encoding from EncodeGroupID=1 or that it may be sent as part of a
   Capture Encoding from EncodeGroupID=2 along with VC2.

   More than one Capture MAY use the same Encoding Group.

   The maximum number of streams that can result from a particular
   Encoding Group constraint is equal to the number of individual
   Encodings in the group.  The actual number of Capture Encodings
   used at any time MAY be less than this maximum.  Any of the
   Captures that use a particular Encoding Group can be encoded
   according to any of the Individual Encodings in the group.  If
   there are multiple Individual Encodings in the group, then the
   Consumer can configure the Provider, via a Configure message, to
   encode a single Media Capture into multiple different Capture
   Encodings at the same time, subject to the Max Capture Encodings
   constraint, with each capture encoding following the constraints of
   a different Individual Encoding.

   It is a protocol conformance requirement that the Encoding Groups
   MUST allow all the Captures in a particular Capture Scene Entry to
   be used simultaneously.

10. Consumer's Choice of Streams to Receive from the Provider

   After receiving the Provider's Advertisement message (that includes
   media captures and associated constraints), the Consumer composes


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   its reply to the Provider in the form of a Configure message.  The
   Consumer is free to use the information in the Advertisement as it
   chooses, but there are a few obviously sensible design choices,
   which are outlined below.

   If multiple Providers connect to the same Consumer (i.e. in a n
   MCU-less multiparty call), it is the responsibility of the Consumer
   to compose Configures for each Provider that both fulfill each
   Provider's constraints as expressed in the Advertisement, as well
   as its own capabilities.

   In an MCU-based multiparty call, the MCU can logically terminate
   the Advertisement/Configure negotiation in that it can hide the
   characteristics of the receiving endpoint and rely on its own
   capabilities (transcoding/transrating/...) to create Media Streams
   that can be decoded at the Endpoint Consumers.  The timing of an
   MCU's sending of Advertisements (for its outgoing ports) and
   Configures (for its incoming ports, in response to Advertisements
   received there) is up to the MCU and implementation dependent.

   As a general outline, A Consumer can choose, based on the
   Advertisement it has received, which Captures it wishes to receive,
   and which Individual Encodings it wants the Provider to use to
   encode the Captures.

   On receipt of an Advertisement with an MCC the Consumer treats the
   MCC as per other non-MCC Captures with the following differences:

   - The Consumer would understand that the MCC is a Capture that
   includes the referenced individual Captures and that these
   individual Captures are delivered as part of the MCC's Capture
   Encoding.

   - The Consumer may utilise any of the attributes associated with
   the referenced individual Captures and any Capture Scene attributes
   from where the individual Captures were defined to choose Captures
   and for rendering decisions.

   - The Consumer may or may not choose to receive all the indicated
   captures.  Therefore it can choose to receive a sub-set ofCaptures
   indicated by the MCC.

   For example if the Consumer receives:

           MCC1(VC1,VC2,VC3){attributes}


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   A Consumer could choose all the Captures within a MCCs however if
   the Consumer determines that it doesn't want VC3 it can return
   MCC1(VC1,VC2).  If it wants all the individual Captures then it
   returns only the MCC identity (i.e. MCC1).  If the MCC in the
   advertisement does not reference any individual captures, then the
   Consumer cannot choose what is included in the MCC, it is up to the
   Provider to decide.

   A Configure Message includes a list of Capture Encodings.  These
   are the Capture Encodings the Consumer wishes to receive from the
   Provider.  Each Capture Encoding refers to one Media Capture, one
   Individual Encoding, and includes the encoding parameter values.  A
   Configure Message does not include references to Capture Scenes or
   Capture Scene Entries.

   For each Capture the Consumer wants to receive, it configures one
   or more of the encodings in that capture's encoding group.  The
   Consumer does this by telling the Provider, in its Configure
   Message, parameters such as the resolution, frame rate, bandwidth,
   etc. for each Capture Encodings for its chosen Captures.  Upon
   receipt of this Configure from the Consumer, common knowledge is
   established between Provider and Consumer regarding sensible
   choices for the media streams and their parameters.  The setup of
   the actual media channels, at least in the simplest case, is left
   to a following offer-answer exchange.  Optimized implementations
   MAY speed up the reaction to the offer-answer exchange by reserving
   the resources at the time of finalization of the CLUE handshake.

   CLUE advertisements and configure messages don't necessarily
   require a new SDP offer-answer for every CLUE message
   exchange.  But the resulting encodings sent via RTP must conform to
   the most recent SDP offer-answer result.

   In order to meaningfully create and send an initial Configure, the
   Consumer needs to have received at least one Advertisement from the
   Provider.

   In addition, the Consumer can send a Configure at any time during
   the call.  The Configure MUST be valid according to the most
   recently received Advertisement.  The Consumer can send a Configure
   either in response to a new Advertisement from the Provider or on
   its own, for example because of a local change in conditions
   (people leaving the room, connectivity changes, multipoint related
   considerations).



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   When choosing which Media Streams to receive from the Provider, and
   the encoding characteristics of those Media Streams, the Consumer
   advantageously takes several things into account: its local
   preference, simultaneity restrictions, and encoding limits.

10.1. Local preference

   A variety of local factors influence the Consumer's choice of
   Media Streams to be received from the Provider:

   o  if the Consumer is an Endpoint, it is likely that it would
      choose, where possible, to receive video and audio Captures that
      match the number of display devices and audio system it has

   o  if the Consumer is a middle box such as an MCU, it MAY choose to
      receive loudest speaker streams (in order to perform its own
      media composition) and avoid pre-composed video Captures

   o  user choice (for instance, selection of a new layout) MAY result
      in a different set of Captures, or different encoding
      characteristics, being required by the Consumer

10.2. Physical simultaneity restrictions

   Often there are physical simultaneity constraints of the Provider
   that affect the Provider's ability to simultaneously send all of
   the captures the Consumer would wish to receive.  For instance, a
   middle box such as an MCU, when connected to a multi-camera room
   system, might prefer to receive both individual video streams of
   the people present in the room and an overall view of the room
   from a single camera.  Some Endpoint systems might be able to
   provide both of these sets of streams simultaneously, whereas
   others might not (if the overall room view were produced by
   changing the optical zoom level on the center camera, for
   instance).

10.3. Encoding and encoding group limits

   Each of the Provider's encoding groups has limits on bandwidth and
   computational complexity, and the constituent potential encodings
   have limits on the bandwidth, computational complexity, video
   frame rate, and resolution that can be provided.  When choosing
   the Captures to be received from a Provider, a Consumer device
   MUST ensure that the encoding characteristics requested for each
   individual Capture fits within the capability of the encoding it


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   is being configured to use, as well as ensuring that the combined
   encoding characteristics for Captures fit within the capabilities
   of their associated encoding groups.  In some cases, this could
   cause an otherwise "preferred" choice of capture encodings to be
   passed over in favor of different Capture Encodings--for instance,
   if a set of three Captures could only be provided at a low
   resolution then a three screen device could switch to favoring a
   single, higher quality, Capture Encoding.

11. Extensibility

   One important characteristics of the Framework is its
   extensibility.  Telepresence is a relatively new industry and
   while we can foresee certain directions, we also do not know
   everything about how it will develop.  The standard for
   interoperability and handling multiple streams must be future-
   proof. The framework itself is inherently extensible through
   expanding the data model types.  For example:

   o  Adding more types of media, such as telemetry, can done by
      defining additional types of Captures in addition to audio and
      video.

   o  Adding new functionalities, such as 3-D, say, may require
      additional attributes describing the Captures.

   o  Adding a new codecs, such as H.265, can be accomplished by
      defining new encoding variables.

   The infrastructure is designed to be extended rather than
   requiring new infrastructure elements.  Extension comes through
   adding to defined types.

12. Examples - Using the Framework (Informative)

   This section gives some examples, first from the point of view of
   the Provider, then the Consumer, then some multipoint scenarios

12.1. Provider Behavior

   This section shows some examples in more detail of how a Provider
   can use the framework to represent a typical case for telepresence
   rooms.  First an endpoint is illustrated, then an MCU case is
   shown.



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12.1.1. Three screen Endpoint Provider

   Consider an Endpoint with the following description:

   3 cameras, 3 displays, a 6 person table

   o  Each camera can provide one Capture for each 1/3 section of the
      table

   o  A single Capture representing the active speaker can be provided
      (voice activity based camera selection to a given encoder input
      port implemented locally in the Endpoint)

   o  A single Capture representing the active speaker with the other
      2 Captures shown picture in picture within the stream can be
      provided (again, implemented inside the endpoint)

   o  A Capture showing a zoomed out view of all 6 seats in the room
      can be provided

   The audio and video Captures for this Endpoint can be described as
   follows.

   Video Captures:

   o  VC0- (the camera-left camera stream), encoding group=EG0,
      view=table

   o  VC1- (the center camera stream), encoding group=EG1, view=table

   o  VC2- (the camera-right camera stream), encoding group=EG2,
      view=table

   o  MCC3- (the loudest panel stream), encoding group=EG1,
      view=table, MaxCaptures=1

   o  MCC4- (the loudest panel stream with PiPs), encoding group=EG1,
      view=room, MaxCaptures=3

   o  VC5- (the zoomed out view of all people in the room), encoding
      group=EG1, view=room

   o  VC6- (presentation stream), encoding group=EG1, presentation




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   The following diagram is a top view of the room with 3 cameras, 3
   displays, and 6 seats.  Each camera is capturing 2 people.  The
   six seats are not all in a straight line.

      ,-. d
     (   )`--.__        +---+
      `-' /     `--.__  |   |
    ,-.  |            `-.._ |_-+Camera 2 (VC2)
   (   ).'        ___..-+-''`+-+
    `-' |_...---''      |   |
    ,-.c+-..__          +---+
   (   )|     ``--..__  |   |
    `-' |             ``+-..|_-+Camera 1 (VC1)
    ,-. |            __..--'|+-+
   (   )|     __..--'   |   |
    `-'b|..--'          +---+
    ,-. |``---..___     |   |
   (   )\          ```--..._|_-+Camera 0 (VC0)
    `-'  \             _..-''`-+
     ,-. \      __.--'' |   |
    (   ) |..-''        +---+
     `-' a
                    Figure 4: Room Layout
























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   The two points labeled b and c are intended to be at the midpoint
   between the seating positions, and where the fields of view of the
   cameras intersect.

   The plane of interest for VC0 is a vertical plane that intersects
   points 'a' and 'b'.

   The plane of interest for VC1 intersects points 'b' and 'c'. The
   plane of interest for VC2 intersects points 'c' and 'd'.

   This example uses an area scale of millimeters.

   Areas of capture:

       bottom left    bottom right  top left         top right
   VC0 (-2011,2850,0) (-673,3000,0) (-2011,2850,757) (-673,3000,757)
   VC1 ( -673,3000,0) ( 673,3000,0) ( -673,3000,757) ( 673,3000,757)
   VC2 (  673,3000,0) (2011,2850,0) (  673,3000,757) (2011,3000,757)
   MCC3(-2011,2850,0) (2011,2850,0) (-2011,2850,757) (2011,3000,757)
   MCC4(-2011,2850,0) (2011,2850,0) (-2011,2850,757) (2011,3000,757)
   VC5 (-2011,2850,0) (2011,2850,0) (-2011,2850,757) (2011,3000,757)
   VC6 none

   Points of capture:
   VC0 (-1678,0,800)
   VC1 (0,0,800)
   VC2 (1678,0,800)
   MCC3 none
   MCC4 none
   VC5 (0,0,800)
   VC6 none

   In this example, the right edge of the VC0 area lines up with the
   left edge of the VC1 area.  It doesn't have to be this way.  There
   could be a gap or an overlap.  One additional thing to note for
   this example is the distance from a to b is equal to the distance
   from b to c and the distance from c to d.  All these distances are
   1346 mm. This is the planar width of each area of capture for VC0,
   VC1, and VC2.

   Note the text in parentheses (e.g. "the camera-left camera
   stream") is not explicitly part of the model, it is just
   explanatory text for this example, and is not included in the


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   model with the media captures and attributes.  Also, MCC4 doesn't
   say anything about how a capture is composed, so the media
   consumer can't tell based on this capture that MCC4 is composed of
   a "loudest panel with PiPs".

   Audio Captures:

   o  AC0 (camera-left), encoding group=EG3, channel format=mono

   o  AC1 (camera-right), encoding group=EG3, channel format=mono

   o  AC2 (center) encoding group=EG3, channel format=mono

   o  AC3 being a simple pre-mixed audio stream from the room (mono),
      encoding group=EG3, channel format=mono

   o  AC4 audio stream associated with the presentation video (mono)
      encoding group=EG3, presentation, channel format=mono

   Areas of capture:

       bottom left    bottom right  top left         top right

   AC0 (-2011,2850,0) (-673,3000,0) (-2011,2850,757) (-673,3000,757)
   AC1 (  673,3000,0) (2011,2850,0) (  673,3000,757) (2011,3000,757)
   AC2 ( -673,3000,0) ( 673,3000,0) ( -673,3000,757) ( 673,3000,757)
   AC3 (-2011,2850,0) (2011,2850,0) (-2011,2850,757) (2011,3000,757)
   AC4 none

   The physical simultaneity information is:

      Simultaneous transmission set #1 {VC0, VC1, VC2, MCC3, MCC4,
   VC6}

      Simultaneous transmission set #2 {VC0, VC2, VC5, VC6}

   This constraint indicates it is not possible to use all the VCs at
   the same time.  VC5 cannot be used at the same time as VC1 or MCC3
   or MCC4.  Also, using every member in the set simultaneously may
   not make sense - for example MCC3(loudest) and MCC4 (loudest with
   PIP).  (In addition, there are encoding constraints that make
   choosing all of the VCs in a set impossible.  VC1, MCC3, MCC4,
   VC5, VC6 all use EG1 and EG1 has only 3 ENCs.  This constraint
   shows up in the encoding groups, not in the simultaneous
   transmission sets.)


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   In this example there are no restrictions on which audio captures
   can be sent simultaneously.

   Encoding Groups:

   This example has three encoding groups associated with the video
   captures.  Each group can have 3 encodings, but with each
   potential encoding having a progressively lower specification.  In
   this example, 1080p60 transmission is possible (as ENC0 has a
   maxPps value compatible with that).  Significantly, as up to 3
   encodings are available per group, it is possible to transmit some
   video captures simultaneously that are not in the same entry in
   the capture scene.  For example VC1 and MCC3 at the same time.

   It is also possible to transmit multiple capture encodings of a
   single video capture.  For example VC0 can be encoded using ENC0
   and ENC1 at the same time, as long as the encoding parameters
   satisfy the constraints of ENC0, ENC1, and EG0, such as one at
   4000000 bps and one at 2000000 bps.

   encodeGroupID=EG0, maxGroupBandwidth=6000000
       encodeID=ENC0, maxWidth=1920, maxHeight=1088, maxFrameRate=60,
                      maxPps=124416000, maxBandwidth=4000000
       encodeID=ENC1, maxWidth=1280, maxHeight=720, maxFrameRate=30,
                      maxPps=27648000, maxBandwidth=4000000
       encodeID=ENC2, maxWidth=960, maxHeight=544, maxFrameRate=30,
                      maxPps=15552000, maxBandwidth=4000000
   encodeGroupID=EG1  maxGroupBandwidth=6000000
       encodeID=ENC3, maxWidth=1920, maxHeight=1088, maxFrameRate=60,
                      maxPps=124416000, maxBandwidth=4000000
       encodeID=ENC4, maxWidth=1280, maxHeight=720, maxFrameRate=30,
                      maxPps=27648000, maxBandwidth=4000000
       encodeID=ENC5, maxWidth=960, maxHeight=544, maxFrameRate=30,
                      maxPps=15552000, maxBandwidth=4000000
   encodeGroupID=EG2  maxGroupBandwidth=6000000
       encodeID=ENC6, maxWidth=1920, maxHeight=1088, maxFrameRate=60,
                      maxPps=124416000, maxBandwidth=4000000
       encodeID=ENC7, maxWidth=1280, maxHeight=720, maxFrameRate=30,
                      maxPps=27648000, maxBandwidth=4000000
       encodeID=ENC8, maxWidth=960, maxHeight=544, maxFrameRate=30,
                      maxPps=15552000, maxBandwidth=4000000

                Figure 5: Example Encoding Groups for Video




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   For audio, there are five potential encodings available, so all
   five audio captures can be encoded at the same time.

   encodeGroupID=EG3, maxGroupBandwidth=320000
       encodeID=ENC9, maxBandwidth=64000
       encodeID=ENC10, maxBandwidth=64000
       encodeID=ENC11, maxBandwidth=64000
       encodeID=ENC12, maxBandwidth=64000
       encodeID=ENC13, maxBandwidth=64000

                Figure 6: Example Encoding Group for Audio

   Capture Scenes:

   The following table represents the capture scenes for this
   provider. Recall that a capture scene is composed of alternative
   capture scene entries covering the same spatial region.  Capture
   Scene #1 is for the main people captures, and Capture Scene #2 is
   for presentation.

   Each row in the table is a separate Capture Scene Entry

                           +------------------+
                           | Capture Scene #1 |
                           +------------------+
                           | VC0, VC1, VC2    |
                           | MCC3             |
                           | MCC4             |
                           | VC5              |
                           | AC0, AC1, AC2    |
                           | AC3              |
                           +------------------+

                           +------------------+
                           | Capture Scene #2 |
                           +------------------+
                           | VC6              |
                           | AC4              |
                           +------------------+

                Table 7: Example Capture Scene Entries

   Different capture scenes are unique to each other, non-
   overlapping. A consumer can choose an entry from each capture
   scene.  In this case the three captures VC0, VC1, and VC2 are one


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   way of representing the video from the endpoint.  These three
   captures should appear adjacent next to each other.
   Alternatively, another way of representing the Capture Scene is
   with the capture MCC3, which automatically shows the person who is
   talking.  Similarly for the MCC4 and MCC5 alternatives.

   As in the video case, the different entries of audio in Capture
   Scene #1 represent the "same thing", in that one way to receive
   the audio is with the 3 audio captures (AC0, AC1, AC2), and
   another way is with the mixed AC3.  The Media Consumer can choose
   an audio capture entry it is capable of receiving.

   The spatial ordering is understood by the media capture attributes
   Area of Capture and Point of Capture.

   A Media Consumer would likely want to choose a capture scene entry
   to receive based in part on how many streams it can simultaneously
   receive.  A consumer that can receive three people streams would
   probably prefer to receive the first entry of Capture Scene #1
   (VC0, VC1, VC2) and not receive the other entries.  A consumer
   that can receive only one people stream would probably choose one
   of the other entries.

   If the consumer can receive a presentation stream too, it would
   also choose to receive the only entry from Capture Scene #2 (VC6).

12.1.2. Encoding Group Example

   This is an example of an encoding group to illustrate how it can
   express dependencies between encodings.

   encodeGroupID=EG0 maxGroupBandwidth=6000000
       encodeID=VIDENC0, maxWidth=1920, maxHeight=1088,
         maxFrameRate=60, maxPps=62208000, maxBandwidth=4000000
       encodeID=VIDENC1, maxWidth=1920, maxHeight=1088,
         maxFrameRate=60, maxPps=62208000, maxBandwidth=4000000
       encodeID=AUDENC0, maxBandwidth=96000
       encodeID=AUDENC1, maxBandwidth=96000
       encodeID=AUDENC2, maxBandwidth=96000

   Here, the encoding group is EG0.  Although the encoding group is
   capable of transmitting up to 6Mbit/s, no individual video
   encoding can exceed 4Mbit/s.




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   This encoding group also allows up to 3 audio encodings, AUDENC<0-
   2>. It is not required that audio and video encodings reside
   within the same encoding group, but if so then the group's overall
   maxBandwidth value is a limit on the sum of all audio and video
   encodings configured by the consumer.  A system that does not wish
   or need to combine bandwidth limitations in this way should
   instead use separate encoding groups for audio and video in order
   for the bandwidth limitations on audio and video to not interact.

   Audio and video can be expressed in separate encoding groups, as
   in this illustration.

   encodeGroupID=EG0 maxGroupBandwidth=6000000
       encodeID=VIDENC0, maxWidth=1920, maxHeight=1088,
         maxFrameRate=60, maxPps=62208000, maxBandwidth=4000000
       encodeID=VIDENC1, maxWidth=1920, maxHeight=1088,
         maxFrameRate=60, maxPps=62208000, maxBandwidth=4000000
   encodeGroupID=EG1 maxGroupBandwidth=500000
       encodeID=AUDENC0, maxBandwidth=96000
       encodeID=AUDENC1, maxBandwidth=96000
       encodeID=AUDENC2, maxBandwidth=96000

12.1.3. The MCU Case

   This section shows how an MCU might express its Capture Scenes,
   intending to offer different choices for consumers that can handle
   different numbers of streams.  A single audio capture stream is
   provided for all single and multi-screen configurations that can
   be associated (e.g. lip-synced) with any combination of video
   captures at the consumer.

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC0                   | VC for a single screen consumer |
        | VC1, VC2              | VCs for a two screen consumer   |
        | VC3, VC4, VC5         | VCs for a three screen consumer |
        | VC6, VC7, VC8, VC9    | VCs for a four screen consumer  |
        | AC0                   | AC representing all participants|
        | CSE(VC0)              |                                 |
        | CSE(VC1,VC2)          |                                 |
        | CSE(VC3,VC4,VC5)      |                                 |
        | CSE(VC6,VC7,VC8,VC9)  |                                 |
        | CSE(AC0)              |                                 |
        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+


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                Table 8: MCU main Capture Scenes

   If / when a presentation stream becomes active within the
   conference the MCU might re-advertise the available media as:

        +------------------+--------------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #2 | note                                 |
        +------------------+--------------------------------------+
        | VC10             | video capture for presentation       |
        | AC1              | presentation audio to accompany VC10 |
        | CSE(VC10)        |                                      |
        | CSE(AC1)         |                                      |
        +------------------+--------------------------------------+

                Table 9: MCU presentation Capture Scene

12.2. Media Consumer Behavior

   This section gives an example of how a Media Consumer might behave
   when deciding how to request streams from the three screen
   endpoint described in the previous section.

   The receive side of a call needs to balance its requirements,
   based on number of screens and speakers, its decoding capabilities
   and available bandwidth, and the provider's capabilities in order
   to optimally configure the provider's streams.  Typically it would
   want to receive and decode media from each Capture Scene
   advertised by the Provider.

   A sane, basic, algorithm might be for the consumer to go through
   each Capture Scene in turn and find the collection of Video
   Captures that best matches the number of screens it has (this
   might include consideration of screens dedicated to presentation
   video display rather than "people" video) and then decide between
   alternative entries in the video Capture Scenes based either on
   hard-coded preferences or user choice.  Once this choice has been
   made, the consumer would then decide how to configure the
   provider's encoding groups in order to make best use of the
   available network bandwidth and its own decoding capabilities.

12.2.1. One screen Media Consumer

   MCC3, MCC4 and VC5 are all different entries by themselves, not
   grouped together in a single entry, so the receiving device should
   choose between one of those.  The choice would come down to


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   whether to see the greatest number of participants simultaneously
   at roughly equal precedence (VC5), a switched view of just the
   loudest region (MCC3) or a switched view with PiPs (MCC4).  An
   endpoint device with a small amount of knowledge of these
   differences could offer a dynamic choice of these options, in-
   call, to the user.

12.2.2. Two screen Media Consumer configuring the example

   Mixing systems with an even number of screens, "2n", and those
   with "2n+1" cameras (and vice versa) is always likely to be the
   problematic case.  In this instance, the behavior is likely to be
   determined by whether a "2 screen" system is really a "2 decoder"
   system, i.e., whether only one received stream can be displayed
   per screen or whether more than 2 streams can be received and
   spread across the available screen area.  To enumerate 3 possible
   behaviors here for the 2 screen system when it learns that the far
   end is "ideally" expressed via 3 capture streams:

   1. Fall back to receiving just a single stream (MCC3, MCC4 or VC5
      as per the 1 screen consumer case above) and either leave one
      screen blank or use it for presentation if / when a
      presentation becomes active.

   2. Receive 3 streams (VC0, VC1 and VC2) and display across 2
      screens (either with each capture being scaled to 2/3 of a
      screen and the center capture being split across 2 screens) or,
      as would be necessary if there were large bezels on the
      screens, with each stream being scaled to 1/2 the screen width
      and height and there being a 4th "blank" panel.  This 4th panel
      could potentially be used for any presentation that became
      active during the call.

   3. Receive 3 streams, decode all 3, and use control information
      indicating which was the most active to switch between showing
      the left and center streams (one per screen) and the center and
      right streams.

   For an endpoint capable of all 3 methods of working described
   above, again it might be appropriate to offer the user the choice
   of display mode.






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12.2.3. Three screen Media Consumer configuring the example

   This is the most straightforward case - the Media Consumer would
   look to identify a set of streams to receive that best matched its
   available screens and so the VC0 plus VC1 plus VC2 should match
   optimally.  The spatial ordering would give sufficient information
   for the correct video capture to be shown on the correct screen,
   and the consumer would either need to divide a single encoding
   group's capability by 3 to determine what resolution and frame
   rate to configure the provider with or to configure the individual
   video captures' encoding groups with what makes most sense (taking
   into account the receive side decode capabilities, overall call
   bandwidth, the resolution of the screens plus any user preferences
   such as motion vs sharpness).

12.3. Multipoint Conference utilizing Multiple Content Captures

   The use of MCCs allows the MCU to construct outgoing Advertisements
   describing complex and media switching and composition scenarios.
   The following sections provide several examples.

   Note: In the examples the identities of the CLUE elements (e.g.
   Captures, Capture Scene) in the incoming Advertisements overlap.
   This is because there is no co-ordination between the endpoints.
   The MCU is responsible for making these unique in the outgoing
   advertisement.

12.3.1. Single Media Captures and MCC in the same Advertisement

   Four endpoints are involved in a Conference where CLUE is used. An
   MCU acts as a middlebox between the endpoints with a CLUE channel
   between each endpoint and the MCU. The MCU receives the following
   Advertisements.

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=AustralianConfRoom  |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | Description=Audience            |
        |                       | EncodeGroupID=1                 |
        | CSE(VC1)              |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+

            Table 10: Advertisement received from Endpoint A




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        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=ChinaConfRoom       |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | Description=Speaker             |
        |                       | EncodeGroupID=1                 |
        | VC2                   | Description=Audience            |
        |                       | EncodeGroupID=1                 |
        | CSE(VC1, VC2)         |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+

            Table 11: Advertisement received from Endpoint B

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=USAConfRoom         |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | Description=Audience            |
        |                       | EncodeGroupID=1                 |
        | CSE(VC1)              |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+

            Table 12: Advertisement received from Endpoint C

   Note: Endpoint B above indicates that it sends two streams.

   If the MCU wanted to provide a Multiple Content Capture containing
   a round robin switched view of the audience from the 3 endpoints
   and the speaker it could construct the following advertisement:

   Advertisement sent to Endpoint F

        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=AustralianConfRoom  |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | Description=Audience            |
        | CSE(VC1)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #2      | Description=ChinaConfRoom       |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC2                   | Description=Speaker             |
        | VC3                   | Description=Audience            |
        | CSE(VC2, VC3)         |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #3      | Description=USAConfRoom         |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC4                   | Description=Audience            |


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        | CSE(VC4)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #4      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | MCC1(VC1,VC2,VC3,VC4) | Policy=RoundRobin:1             |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | CSE(MCC1)             |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+

         Table 13: Advertisement sent to Endpoint F - One Encoding

   Alternatively if the MCU wanted to provide the speaker as one media
   stream and the audiences as another it could assign an encoding
   group to VC2 in Capture Scene 2 and provide a CSE in Capture Scene
   #4 as per the example below.

   Advertisement sent to Endpoint F

        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=AustralianConfRoom  |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | Description=Audience            |
        | CSE(VC1)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #2      | Description=ChinaConfRoom       |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC2                   | Description=Speaker             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | VC3                   | Description=Audience            |
        | CSE(VC2, VC3)         |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #3      | Description=USAConfRoom         |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC4                   | Description=Audience            |
        | CSE(VC4)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #4      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | MCC1(VC1,VC3,VC4)     | Policy=RoundRobin:1             |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | MCC2(VC2)             | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |



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        | CSE2(MCC1,MCC2)       |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+

        Table 14: Advertisement sent to Endpoint F - Two Encodings

   Therefore a Consumer could choose whether or not to have a separate
   speaker related stream and could choose which endpoints to see.  If
   it wanted the second stream but not the Australian conference room
   it could indicate the following captures in the Configure message:

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | MCC1(VC3,VC4)         | Encoding                        |
        | VC2                   | Encoding                        |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
                      Table 15: MCU case: Consumer Response

12.3.2. Several MCCs in the same Advertisement

   Multiple MCCs can be used where multiple streams are used to carry
   media from multiple endpoints.  For example:

   A conference has three endpoints D, E and F. Each end point has
   three video captures covering the left, middle and right regions of
   each conference room.  The MCU receives the following
   advertisements from D and E.

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=AustralianConfRoom  |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | CaptureArea=Left                |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | VC2                   | CaptureArea=Centre              |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | VC3                   | CaptureArea=Right               |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | CSE(VC1,VC2,VC3)      |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+

            Table 16: Advertisement received from Endpoint D

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=ChinaConfRoom       |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | CaptureArea=Left                |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |


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        | VC2                   | CaptureArea=Centre              |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | VC3                   | CaptureArea=Right               |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | CSE(VC1,VC2,VC3)      |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+

            Table 17: Advertisement received from Endpoint E

   The MCU wants to offer Endpoint F three Capture Encodings.  Each
   Capture Encoding would contain all the Captures from either
   Endpoint D or Endpoint E depending based on the active speaker.
   The MCU sends the following Advertisement:

        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=AustralianConfRoom  |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   |                                 |
        | VC2                   |                                 |
        | VC3                   |                                 |
        | CSE(VC1,VC2,VC3)      |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #2      | Description=ChinaConfRoom       |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC4                   |                                 |
        | VC5                   |                                 |
        | VC6                   |                                 |
        | CSE(VC4,VC5,VC6)      |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #3      |                                 |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | MCC1(VC1,VC4)         | CaptureArea=Left                |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | MCC2(VC2,VC5)         | CaptureArea=Centre              |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | MCC3(VC3,VC6)         | CaptureArea=Right               |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | CSE(MCC1,MCC2,MCC3)   |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+


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            Table 17: Advertisement received from Endpoint E

12.3.3. Heterogeneous conference with switching and composition

   Consider a conference between endpoints with the following
   characteristics:

      Endpoint A - 4 screens, 3 cameras

      Endpoint B - 3 screens, 3 cameras

      Endpoint C - 3 screens, 3 cameras

      Endpoint D - 3 screens, 3 cameras

      Endpoint E - 1 screen, 1 camera

      Endpoint F - 2 screens, 1 camera

      Endpoint G - 1 screen, 1 camera

   This example focuses on what the user in one of the 3-camera multi-
   screen endpoints sees.  Call this person User A, at Endpoint A.
   There are 4 large display screens at Endpoint A. Whenever somebody
   at another site is speaking, all the video captures from that
   endpoint are shown on the large screens.  If the talker is at a 3-
   camera site, then the video from those 3 cameras fills 3 of the
   screens.  If the talker is at a single-camera site, then video from
   that camera fills one of the screens, while the other screens show
   video from other single-camera endpoints.

   User A hears audio from the 4 loudest talkers.

   User A can also see video from other endpoints, in addition to the
   current talker, although much smaller in size.  Endpoint A has 4
   screens, so one of those screens shows up to 9 other Media Captures
   in a tiled fashion.  When video from a 3 camera endpoint appears in
   the tiled area, video from all 3 cameras appears together across
   the screen with correct spatial relationship among those 3 images.

      +---+---+---+ +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+
      |   |   |   | |             | |             | |             |
      +---+---+---+ |             | |             | |             |
      |   |   |   | |             | |             | |             |
      +---+---+---+ |             | |             | |             |


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      |   |   |   | |             | |             | |             |
      +---+---+---+ +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+
                     Figure 7: Endpoint A - 4 Screen Display

   User B at Endpoint B sees a similar arrangement, except there are
   only 3 screens, so the 9 other Media Captures are spread out across
   the bottom of the 3 displays, in a picture-in-picture (PIP) format.
   When video from a 3 camera endpoint appears in the PIP area, video
   from all 3 cameras appears together across a single screen with
   correct spatial relationship.

              +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+
              |             | |             | |             |
              |             | |             | |             |
              |             | |             | |             |
              | +-+ +-+ +-+ | | +-+ +-+ +-+ | | +-+ +-+ +-+ |
              | +-+ +-+ +-+ | | +-+ +-+ +-+ | | +-+ +-+ +-+ |
              +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+
                Figure 8: Endpoint B - 3 Screen Display with PiPs

   When somebody at a different endpoint becomes the current talker,
   then User A and User B both see the video from the new talker
   appear on their large screen area, while the previous talker takes
   one of the smaller tiled or PIP areas.  The person who is the
   current talker doesn't see themselves; they see the previous talker
   in their large screen area.

   One of the points of this example is that endpoints A and B each
   want to receive 3 capture encodings for their large display areas,
   and 9 encodings for their smaller areas.  A and B are be able to
   each send the same Configure message to the MCU, and each receive
   the same conceptual Media Captures from the MCU.  The differences
   are in how they are rendered and are purely a local matter at A and
   B.

   The Advertisements for such a scenario are described below.

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=Endpoint x          |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | VC2                   | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | VC3                   | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | AC1                   | EncodingGroup=2                 |
        | CSE1(VC1, VC2, VC3)   |                                 |


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        | CSE2(AC1)             |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+

   Table 19: Advertisement received at the MCU from Endpoints A to D

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=Endpoint y          |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | AC1                   | EncodingGroup=2                 |
        | CSE1(VC1)             |                                 |
        | CSE2(AC1)             |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+

   Table 20: Advertisement received at the MCU from Endpoints E to F

   Rather than considering what is displayed the CLUE concentrates
   more on what the MCU sends. The MCU doesn't know anything about
   the number of screens an endpoint has.

   As Endpoints A to D each advertise that three Captures make up a
   Capture Scene, the MCU offers these in a "site" switching mode.
   That is that there are three Multiple Content Captures (and
   Capture Encodings) each switching between Endpoints. The MCU
   switches in the applicable media into the stream based on voice
   activity. Endpoint A will not see a capture from itself.

   Using the MCC concept the MCU would send the following
   Advertisement to endpoint A:

        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=Endpoint B          |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC4                   | Left                            |
        | VC5                   | Center                          |
        | VC6                   | Right                           |
        | AC1                   |                                 |
        | CSE(VC4,VC5,VC6)      |                                 |
        | CSE(AC1)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #2      | Description=Endpoint C          |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC7                   | Left                            |
        | VC8                   | Center                          |
        | VC9                   | Right                           |


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        | AC2                   |                                 |
        | CSE(VC7,VC8,VC9)      |                                 |
        | CSE(AC2)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #3      | Description=Endpoint D          |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC10                  | Left                            |
        | VC11                  | Center                          |
        | VC12                  | Right                           |
        | AC3                   |                                 |
        | CSE(VC10,VC11,VC12)   |                                 |
        | CSE(AC3)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #4      | Description=Endpoint E          |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC13                  |                                 |
        | AC4                   |                                 |
        | CSE(VC13)             |                                 |
        | CSE(AC4)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #5      | Description=Endpoint F          |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC14                  |                                 |
        | AC5                   |                                 |
        | CSE(VC14)             |                                 |
        | CSE(AC5)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #6      | Description=Endpoint G          |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC15                  |                                 |
        | AC6                   |                                 |
        | CSE(VC15)             |                                 |
        | CSE(AC6)              |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+

         Table 21: Advertisement sent to endpoint A - Source Part

   The above part of the Advertisement presents information about the
   sources to the MCC. The information is effectively the same as the
   received Advertisements except that there are no Capture Encodings
   associated with them and the identities have been re-numbered.

   In addition to the source Capture information the MCU advertises
   "site" switching of Endpoints B to G in three streams.



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        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #7      | Description=Output3streammix    |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | MCC1(VC4,VC7,VC10,    | CaptureArea=Left                |
        |      VC13)            | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC2(VC5,VC8,VC11,    | CaptureArea=Center              |
        |      VC14)            | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC3(VC6,VC9,VC12,    | CaptureArea=Right               |
        |      VC15)            | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC4() (for audio)    | CaptureArea=whole scene         |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=2                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC5() (for audio)    | CaptureArea=whole scene         |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:1             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=2                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC6() (for audio)    | CaptureArea=whole scene         |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:2             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=2                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC7() (for audio)    | CaptureArea=whole scene         |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:3             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=2                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | CSE(MCC1,MCC2,MCC3)   |                                 |
        | CSE(MCC4,MCC5,MCC6,   |                                 |
        |     MCC7)             |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+


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       Table 22: Advertisement send to endpoint A - switching part

   The above part describes the switched 3 main streams that relate to
   site switching. MaxCaptures=1 indicates that only one Capture from
   the MCC is sent at a particular time. SynchronisationID=1 indicates
   that the source sending is synchronised. The provider can choose to
   group together VC13, VC14, and VC15 for the purpose of switching
   according to the SynchronisationID.  Therefore when the provider
   switches one of them into an MCC, it can also switch the others
   even though they are not part of the same Capture Scene.

   All the audio for the conference is included in this Scene #7.
   There isn't necessarily a one to one relation between any audio
   capture and video capture in this scene.  Typically a change in
   loudest talker will cause the MCU to switch the audio streams more
   quickly than switching video streams.

   The MCU can also supply nine media streams showing the active and
   previous eight speakers. It includes the following in the
   Advertisement:

        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #8      | Description=Output9stream       |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | MCC8(VC4,VC5,VC6,VC7, | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |   VC8,VC9,VC10,VC11,  | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |   VC12,VC13,VC14,VC15)| EncodingGroup=1                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC9(VC4,VC5,VC6,VC7, | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |   VC8,VC9,VC10,VC11,  | Policy=SoundLevel:1             |
        |   VC12,VC13,VC14,VC15)| EncodingGroup=1                 |
        |                       |                                 |
                    to                           to               |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC16(VC4,VC5,VC6,VC7,| MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |   VC8,VC9,VC10,VC11,  | Policy=SoundLevel:8             |
        |   VC12,VC13,VC14,VC15)| EncodingGroup=1                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | CSE(MCC8,MCC9,MCC10,  |                                 |
        |     MCC11,MCC12,MCC13,|                                 |
        |     MCC14,MCC15,MCC16)|                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+

       Table 23: Advertisement sent to endpoint A - 9 switched part



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   The above part indicates that there are 9 capture encodings. Each
   of the Capture Encodings may contain any captures from any source
   site with a maximum of one Capture at a time. Which Capture is
   present is determined by the policy.  The MCCs in this scene do not
   have any spatial attributes.

   Note: The Provider alternatively could provide each of the MCCs
   above in its own Capture Scene.

   If the MCU wanted to provide a composed Capture Encoding containing
   all of the 9 captures it could Advertise in addition:

        +=======================+=================================+
        | Capture Scene #9      | Description=NineTiles           |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | MCC13(MCC8,MCC9,MCC10,| MaxCaptures=9                   |
        |     MCC11,MCC12,MCC13,| EncodingGroup=1                 |
        |     MCC14,MCC15,MCC16)|                                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | CSE(MCC13)            |                                 |
        +=======================+=================================+

      Table 24: Advertisement sent to endpoint A - 9 composed part

   As MaxCaptures is 9 it indicates that the capture encoding contains
   information from 9 sources at a time.

   The Advertisement to Endpoint B is identical to the above other
   than the captures from Endpoint A would be added and the captures
   from Endpoint B would be removed. Whether the Captures are rendered
   on a four screen display or a three screen display is up to the
   Consumer to determine.  The Consumer wants to place video captures
   from the same original source endpoint together, in the correct
   spatial order, but the MCCs do not have spatial attributes.  So the
   Consumer needs to associate incoming media packets with the
   original individual captures in the advertisement (such as VC4,
   VC5, and VC6) in order to know the spatial information it needs for
   correct placement on the screens.

   Editor's note: this is an open issue, about how to associate
   incoming packets with the original capture that is a constituent of
   an MCC.  This document probably should mention it in an earlier
   section, after the solution is worked out in the other CLUE
   documents.



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12.3.4. Heterogeneous conference with voice activated switching

   This example illustrates how multipoint "voice activated switching"
   behavior can be realized, with an endpoint making its own decision
   about which of its outgoing video streams is considered the "active
   talker" from that endpoint.  Then an MCU can decide which is the
   active talker among the whole conference.

   Consider a conference between endpoints with the following
   characteristics:

      Endpoint A - 3 screens, 3 cameras

      Endpoint B - 3 screens, 3 cameras

      Endpoint C - 1 screen, 1 camera

   This example focuses on what the user at endpoint C sees.  The
   user would like to see the video capture of the current talker,
   without composing it with any other video capture.  In this
   example endpoint C is capable of receiving only a single video
   stream.  The following tables describe advertisements from A and B
   to the MCU, and from the MCU to C, that can be used to accomplish
   this.

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=Endpoint x          |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | VC1                   | CaptureArea=Left                |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | VC2                   | CaptureArea=Center              |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | VC3                   | CaptureArea=Right               |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | MCC1(VC1,VC2,VC3)     | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | CaptureArea=whole scene         |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        | AC1                   | CaptureArea=whole scene         |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=2                 |
        | CSE1(VC1, VC2, VC3)   |                                 |
        | CSE2(MCC1)            |                                 |
        | CSE3(AC1)             |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+



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   Table 25: Advertisement received at the MCU from Endpoints A and B

   Endpoints A and B are advertising each individual video capture,
   and also a switched capture MCC1 which switches between the other
   three based on who is the active talker.  These endpoints do not
   advertise distinct audio captures associated with each individual
   video capture, so it would be impossible for the MCU (as a media
   consumer) to make its own determination of which video capture is
   the active talker based just on information in the audio streams.

        +-----------------------+---------------------------------+
        | Capture Scene #1      | Description=conference          |
        +-----------------------|---------------------------------+
        | MCC1()                | CaptureArea=Left                |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC2()                | CaptureArea=Center              |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC3()                | CaptureArea=Right               |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | SynchronisationID=1             |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC4()                | CaptureArea=whole scene         |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=1                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC5() (for audio)    | CaptureArea=whole scene         |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:0             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=2                 |
        |                       |                                 |
        | MCC6() (for audio)    | CaptureArea=whole scene         |
        |                       | MaxCaptures=1                   |
        |                       | Policy=SoundLevel:1             |
        |                       | EncodingGroup=2                 |


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        | CSE1(MCC1,MCC2,MCC3   |                                 |
        | CSE2(MCC4)            |                                 |
        | CSE3(MCC5,MCC6)       |                                 |
        +---------------------------------------------------------+

            Table 26: Advertisement sent from the MCU to C

   The MCU advertises one scene, with four video MCCs.  Three of them
   in CSE1 give a left, center, right view of the conference, with
   "site switching". MCC4 provides a single video capture
   representing a view of the whole conference.  The MCU intends for
   MCC4 to be switched between all the other original source
   captures.  In this example advertisement the MCU is not giving all
   the information about all the other endpoints' scenes and which of
   those captures is included in the MCCs.  The MCU could include all
   that information if it wants to give the consumers more
   information, but it is not necessary for this example scenario.

   The Provider advertises MCC5 and MCC6 for audio.  Both are
   switched captures, with different SoundLevel policies indicating
   they are the top two dominant talkers.  The Provider advertises
   CSE3 with both MCCs, suggesting the Consumer should use both if it
   can.

   Endpoint C, in its configure message to the MCU, requests to
   receive MCC4 for video, and MCC5 and MCC6 for audio.  In order for
   the MCU to get the information it needs to construct MCC4, it has
   to send configure messages to A and B asking to receive MCC1 from
   each of them, along with their AC1 audio.  Now the MCU can use
   audio energy information from the two incoming audio streams from
   A and B to determine which of those alternatives is the current
   talker.  Based on that, the MCU uses either MCC1 from A or MCC1
   from B as the source of MCC4 to send to C.

13. Acknowledgements

   Allyn Romanow and Brian Baldino were authors of early versions.
   Mark Gorzyinski contributed much to the approach.  We want to
   thank Stephen Botzko for helpful discussions on audio.

14. IANA Considerations

   None.




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15. Security Considerations

   There are several potential attacks related to telepresence, and
   specifically the protocols used by CLUE, in the case of
   conferencing sessions, due to the natural involvement of multiple
   endpoints and the many, often user-invoked, capabilities provided
   by the systems.

   A middle box involved in a CLUE session can experience many of the
   same attacks as that of a conferencing system such as that enabled
   by the XCON framework [RFC 6503]. Examples of attacks include the
   following: an endpoint attempting to listen to sessions in which
   it is not authorized to participate, an endpoint attempting to
   disconnect or mute other users, and theft of service by an
   endpoint in attempting to create telepresence sessions it is not
   allowed to create. Thus, it is RECOMMENDED that a middle box
   implementing the protocols necessary to support CLUE, follow the
   security recommendations specified in the conference control
   protocol documents.  In the case of CLUE, SIP is the default
   conferencing protocol, thus the security considerations in RFC
   4579 MUST be followed.

   One primary security concern, surrounding the CLUE framework
   introduced in this document, involves securing the actual
   protocols and the associated authorization mechanisms.  These
   concerns apply to endpoint to endpoint sessions, as well as
   sessions involving multiple endpoints and middle boxes. Figure 2
   in section 5 provides a basic flow of information exchange for
   CLUE and the protocols involved.

   As described in section 5, CLUE uses SIP/SDP to establish the
   session prior to exchanging any CLUE specific information. Thus
   the security mechanisms recommended for SIP [RFC 3261], including
   user authentication and authorization, SHOULD be followed. In
   addition, the media is based on RTP and thus existing RTP security
   mechanisms, such as DTLS/SRTP, MUST be supported.

   A separate data channel is established to transport the CLUE
   protocol messages. The contents of the CLUE protocol messages are
   based on information introduced in this document, which is
   represented by an XML schema for this information defined in the
   CLUE data model [ref]. Some of the information which could
   possibly introduce privacy concerns is the xCard information as
   described in section x.  In addition, the (text) description field
   in the Media Capture attribute (section 7.1.1.7) could possibly


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   reveal sensitive information or specific identities. The same
   would be true for the descriptions in the Capture Scene (section
   7.3.1) and Capture Scene Entry (7.3.2) attributes.   One other
   important consideration for the information in the xCard as well
   as the description field in the Media Capture and Capture Scene
   Entry attributes is that while the endpoints involved in the
   session have been authenticated, there is no assurance that the
   information in the xCard or description fields is authentic.
   Thus, this information SHOULD not be used to make any
   authorization decisions and the participants in the sessions
   SHOULD be made aware of this.

   While other information in the CLUE protocol messages does not
   reveal specific identities, it can reveal characteristics and
   capabilities of the endpoints.  That information could possibly
   uniquely identify specific endpoints.  It might also be possible
   for an attacker to manipulate the information and disrupt the CLUE
   sessions.  It would also be possible to mount a DoS attack on the
   CLUE endpoints if a malicious agent has access to the data
   channel.  Thus, It MUST be possible for the endpoints to establish
   a channel which is secure against both message recovery and
   message modification. Further details on this are provided in the
   CLUE data channel solution document.

   There are also security issues associated with the authorization
   to perform actions at the CLUE endpoints to invoke specific
   capabilities (e.g., re-arranging screens, sharing content, etc.).
   However, the policies and security associated with these actions
   are outside the scope of this document and the overall CLUE
   solution.

16. Changes Since Last Version

   NOTE TO THE RFC-Editor: Please remove this section prior to
   publication as an RFC.

   Changes from 14 to 15:

     1. Add "=" and "<=" qualifiers to MaxCaptures attribute, and
        clarify the meaning regarding switched and composed MCC.

     2. Add section 7.3.3 Global Capture Scene Entry List, and a few
        other sentences elsewhere that refer to global CSE sets.




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     3. Clarify: The Provider MUST be capable of encoding and sending
        all Captures (*that have an encoding group*) in a single
        Capture Scene Entry simultaneously.

     4. Add voice activated switching example in section 12.

     5. Change name of attributes Participant Info/Type to Person
        Info/Type.

     6. Clarify the Person Info/Type attributes have the same meaning
        regardless of whether or not the capture has a Presentation
        attribute.

     7. Update example section 12.1 to be consistent with the rest of
        the document, regarding MCC and capture attributes.

     8. State explicitly each CSE has a unique ID.

   Changes from 13 to 14:

     1. Fill in section for Security Considerations.

     2. Replace Role placeholder with Participant Information,
        Participant Type, and Scene Information attributes.

     3. Spatial information implies nothing about how constituent
        media captures are combined into a composed MCC.

     4. Clean up MCC example in Section 12.3.3.  Clarify behavior of
        tiled and PIP display windows.  Add audio.  Add new open
        issue about associating incoming packets to original source
        capture.

     5. Remove editor's note and associated statement about RTP
        multiplexing at end of section 5.

     6. Remove editor's note and associated paragraph about
        overloading media channel with both CLUE and non-CLUE usage,
        in section 5.

     7. In section 10, clarify intent of media encodings conforming
        to SDP, even with multiple CLUE message exchanges.  Remove
        associated editor's note.

   Changes from 12 to 13:


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     1. Added the MCC concept including updates to existing sections
        to incorporate the MCC concept. New MCC attributes:
        MaxCaptures, SynchronisationID and Policy.

     2. Removed the "composed" and "switched" Capture attributes due
        to overlap with the MCC concept.

     3. Removed the "Scene-switch-policy" CSE attribute, replaced by
        MCC and SynchronisationID.

     4. Editorial enhancements including numbering of the Capture
        attribute sections, tables, figures etc.

   Changes from 11 to 12:

     1. Ticket #44. Remove note questioning about requiring a
        Consumer to send a Configure after receiving Advertisement.

     2. Ticket #43. Remove ability for consumer to choose value of
        attribute for scene-switch-policy.

     3. Ticket #36. Remove computational complexity parameter,
        MaxGroupPps, from Encoding Groups.

     4. Reword the Abstract and parts of sections 1 and 4 (now 5)
        based on Mary's suggestions as discussed on the list.  Move
        part of the Introduction into a new section Overview &
        Motivation.

     5. Add diagram of an Advertisement, in the Overview of the
        Framework/Model section.

     6. Change Intended Status to Standards Track.

     7. Clean up RFC2119 keyword language.

   Changes from 10 to 11:

     1. Add description attribute to Media Capture and Capture Scene
        Entry.

     2. Remove contradiction and change the note about open issue
        regarding always responding to Advertisement with a Configure
        message.



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     3. Update example section, to cleanup formatting and make the
        media capture attributes and encoding parameters consistent
        with the rest of the document.

   Changes from 09 to 10:

     1. Several minor clarifications such as about SDP usage, Media
        Captures, Configure message.

     2. Simultaneous Set can be expressed in terms of Capture Scene
        and Capture Scene Entry.

     3. Removed Area of Scene attribute.

     4. Add attributes from draft-groves-clue-capture-attr-01.

     5. Move some of the Media Capture attribute descriptions back
        into this document, but try to leave detailed syntax to the
        data model.  Remove the OUTSOURCE sections, which are already
        incorporated into the data model document.



   Changes from 08 to 09:

     1. Use "document" instead of "memo".

     2. Add basic call flow sequence diagram to introduction.

     3. Add definitions for Advertisement and Configure messages.

     4. Add definitions for Capture and Provider.

     5. Update definition of Capture Scene.

     6. Update definition of Individual Encoding.

     7. Shorten definition of Media Capture and add key points in the
        Media Captures section.

     8. Reword a bit about capture scenes in overview.

     9. Reword about labeling Media Captures.

     10. Remove the Consumer Capability message.


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     11. New example section heading for media provider behavior

     12. Clarifications in the Capture Scene section.

     13. Clarifications in the Simultaneous Transmission Set section.

     14. Capitalize defined terms.

     15. Move call flow example from introduction to overview section

     16. General editorial cleanup

     17. Add some editors' notes requesting input on issues

     18. Summarize some sections, and propose details be outsourced
        to other documents.

   Changes from 06 to 07:

     1. Ticket #9.  Rename Axis of Capture Point attribute to Point
        on Line of Capture.  Clarify the description of this
        attribute.

     2. Ticket #17.  Add "capture encoding" definition.  Use this new
        term throughout document as appropriate, replacing some usage
        of the terms "stream" and "encoding".

     3. Ticket #18.  Add Max Capture Encodings media capture
        attribute.

     4. Add clarification that different capture scene entries are
        not necessarily mutually exclusive.

   Changes from 05 to 06:

   1. Capture scene description attribute is a list of text strings,
      each in a different language, rather than just a single string.

   2. Add new Axis of Capture Point attribute.

   3. Remove appendices A.1 through A.6.

   4. Clarify that the provider must use the same coordinate system
      with same scale and origin for all coordinates within the same
      capture scene.


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   Changes from 04 to 05:

   1. Clarify limitations of "composed" attribute.

   2. Add new section "capture scene entry attributes" and add the
      attribute "scene-switch-policy".

   3. Add capture scene description attribute and description
      language attribute.

   4. Editorial changes to examples section for consistency with the
      rest of the document.

   Changes from 03 to 04:

   1. Remove sentence from overview - "This constitutes a significant
      change ..."

   2. Clarify a consumer can choose a subset of captures from a
      capture scene entry or a simultaneous set (in section "capture
      scene" and "consumer's choice...").

   3. Reword first paragraph of Media Capture Attributes section.

   4. Clarify a stereo audio capture is different from two mono audio
      captures (description of audio channel format attribute).

   5. Clarify what it means when coordinate information is not
      specified for area of capture, point of capture, area of scene.

   6. Change the term "producer" to "provider" to be consistent (it
      was just in two places).

   7. Change name of "purpose" attribute to "content" and refer to
      RFC4796 for values.

   8. Clarify simultaneous sets are part of a provider advertisement,
      and apply across all capture scenes in the advertisement.

   9. Remove sentence about lip-sync between all media captures in a
      capture scene.






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   10.   Combine the concepts of "capture scene" and "capture set"
      into a single concept, using the term "capture scene" to
      replace the previous term "capture set", and eliminating the
      original separate capture scene concept.

   Informative References

   Edt. Note: Decide which of these really are Normative References.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC3261]  Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G.,
   Johnston,
              A., Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., and E.
              Schooler, "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3261,
              June 2002.

   [RFC3264]  Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., "An Offer/Answer Model
              with the Session Description Protocol (SDP)", RFC 3264,
              June 2002.

   [RFC3550]  Schulzrinne, H., Casner, S., Frederick, R., and V.
              Jacobson, "RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time
              Applications", STD 64, RFC 3550, July 2003.

   [RFC4353]  Rosenberg, J., "A Framework for Conferencing with the
              Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)", RFC 4353,
              February 2006.

   [RFC4579]  Johnston, A., Levin, O., "SIP Call Control -
              Conferencing for User Agents", RFC 4579, August 2006

   [RFC5117]  Westerlund, M. and S. Wenger, "RTP Topologies", RFC
   5117,
              January 2008.



17. Authors' Addresses

   Mark Duckworth (editor)
   Polycom
   Andover, MA  01810
   USA


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   Email: mark.duckworth@polycom.com



   Andrew Pepperell
   Acano
   Uxbridge, England
   UK

   Email: apeppere@gmail.com



   Stephan Wenger
   Vidyo, Inc.
   433 Hackensack Ave.
   Hackensack, N.J. 07601
   USA

   Email: stewe@stewe.org



























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