Networking Working Group                                     L. Ginsberg
Internet-Draft                                                 P. Psenak
Intended status: Standards Track                           Cisco Systems
Expires: December 31, 2020                                    S. Previdi
                                                                  Huawei
                                                           W. Henderickx
                                                                   Nokia
                                                                J. Drake
                                                        Juniper Networks
                                                           June 29, 2020


               IS-IS Application-Specific Link Attributes
                       draft-ietf-isis-te-app-19

Abstract

   Existing traffic engineering related link attribute advertisements
   have been defined and are used in RSVP-TE deployments.  Since the
   original RSVP-TE use case was defined, additional applications (e.g.,
   Segment Routing Policy, Loop Free Alternate) that also make use of
   the link attribute advertisements have been defined . In cases where
   multiple applications wish to make use of these link attributes, the
   current advertisements do not support application-specific values for
   a given attribute, nor do they support indication of which
   applications are using the advertised value for a given link.  This
   document introduces new link attribute advertisements that address
   both of these shortcomings.

Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
   14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.





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   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on December 31, 2020.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
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   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  Requirements Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   3.  Legacy Advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     3.1.  Legacy sub-TLVs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     3.2.  Legacy SRLG Advertisements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   4.  Advertising Application-Specific Link Attributes  . . . . . .   7
     4.1.  Application Identifier Bit Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     4.2.  Application-Specific Link Attributes sub-TLV  . . . . . .   9
       4.2.1.  Special Considerations for Maximum Link Bandwidth . .  11
       4.2.2.  Special Considerations for Reservable/Unreserved
               Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
       4.2.3.  Considerations for Extended TE Metrics  . . . . . . .  11
     4.3.  Application-Specific SRLG TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   5.  Attribute Advertisements and Enablement . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   6.  Deployment Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     6.1.  Use of Legacy Advertisements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     6.2.  Use of Zero Length Application Identifier Bit Masks . . .  15
     6.3.  Interoperability, Backwards Compatibility and Migration
           Concerns  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
       6.3.1.  Multiple Applications: Common Attributes with  RSVP-
               TE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
       6.3.2.  Multiple Applications: All Attributes Not Shared with
               RSVP-TE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
       6.3.3.  Interoperability with Legacy Routers  . . . . . . . .  16



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       6.3.4.  Use of Application-Specific Advertisements for RSVP-
               TE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   7.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
     7.1.  Application-Specific Link Attributes sub-TLV  . . . . . .  17
     7.2.  Application-Specific SRLG TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
     7.3.  Application-Specific Link Attributes sub-sub-TLV Registry  17
     7.4.  Link Attribute Application Identifier Registry  . . . . .  18
     7.5.  SRLG sub-TLVs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   8.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   10. References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
     10.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
     10.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22

1.  Introduction

   Advertisement of link attributes by the Intermediate-System-to-
   Intermediate-System (IS-IS) protocol in support of traffic
   engineering (TE) was introduced by [RFC5305] and extended by
   [RFC5307], [RFC6119], [RFC7308], and [RFC8570].  Use of these
   extensions has been associated with deployments supporting Traffic
   Engineering over Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) in the presence
   of the Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) - more succinctly
   referred to as RSVP-TE [RFC3209].

   For the purposes of this document an application is a technology that
   makes use of link attribute advertisements - examples of which are
   listed in Section 3.

   In recent years new applications that have use cases for many of the
   link attributes historically used by RSVP-TE have been introduced.
   Such applications include Segment Routing Policy (SR Policy)
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy] and Loop Free Alternates
   (LFA) [RFC5286].  This has introduced ambiguity in that if a
   deployment includes a mix of RSVP-TE support and SR Policy support
   (for example) it is not possible to unambiguously indicate which
   advertisements are to be used by RSVP-TE and which advertisements are
   to be used by SR Policy.  If the topologies are fully congruent this
   may not be an issue, but any incongruence leads to ambiguity.

   An example where this ambiguity causes a problem is a network where
   RSVP-TE is enabled only on a subset of its links.  A link attribute
   is advertised for the purpose of another application (e.g.  SR
   Policy) for a link that is not enabled for RSVP-TE.  As soon as the
   router that is an RSVP-TE head-end sees the link attribute being
   advertised for that link, it assumes RSVP-TE is enabled on that link,
   even though it is not.  If such RSVP-TE head-end router tries to



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   setup an RSVP-TE path via that link, it will result in a path setup
   failure.

   An additional issue arises in cases where both applications are
   supported on a link but the link attribute values associated with
   each application differ.  Current advertisements do not support
   advertising application-specific values for the same attribute on a
   specific link.

   This document defines extensions that address these issues.  Also, as
   evolution of use cases for link attributes can be expected to
   continue in the years to come, this document defines a solution that
   is easily extensible to the introduction of new applications and new
   use cases.

2.  Requirements Discussion

   As stated previously, evolution of use cases for link attributes can
   be expected to continue.  Therefore, any discussion of existing use
   cases is limited to requirements that are known at the time of this
   writing.  However, in order to determine the functionality required
   beyond what already exists in IS-IS, it is only necessary to discuss
   use cases that justify the key points identified in the introduction,
   which are:

   1.  Support for indicating which applications are using the link
       attribute advertisements on a link

   2.  Support for advertising application-specific values for the same
       attribute on a link

   [RFC7855] discusses use cases/requirements for Segment Routing (SR).
   Included among these use cases is SR Policy which is defined in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].  If both RSVP-TE and SR
   Policy are deployed in a network, link attribute advertisements can
   be used by one or both of these applications.  As there is no
   requirement for the link attributes advertised on a given link used
   by SR Policy to be identical to the link attributes advertised on
   that same link used by RSVP-TE, there is a clear requirement to
   indicate independently which link attribute advertisements are to be
   used by each application.

   As the number of applications that may wish to utilize link
   attributes may grow in the future, an additional requirement is that
   the extensions defined allow the association of additional
   applications to link attributes without altering the format of the
   advertisements or introducing new backwards compatibility issues.




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   Finally, there may still be many cases where a single attribute value
   can be shared among multiple applications, so the solution must
   minimize advertising duplicate link/attribute pairs whenever
   possible.

3.  Legacy Advertisements

   There are existing advertisements used in support of RSVP-TE.  These
   advertisements include sub-TLVs for TLVs 22, 23, 25, 141, 222, and
   223 and TLVs for Shared Risk Link Group (SRLG) advertisement.

   Sub-TLV values are defined in the Sub-TLVs for TLVs 22, 23, 25, 141,
   222, and 223 registry.

   TLVs are defined in the TLV Codepoints Registry.

3.1.  Legacy sub-TLVs


































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   Sub-TLVs for TLVs 22, 23, 25, 141, 222, and 223

        +-------------------------------------------+
        | Type | Description                        |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |   3  | Administrative group (color)       |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |   9  | Maximum link bandwidth             |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |  10  | Maximum reservable link bandwidth  |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |  11  | Unreserved bandwidth               |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |  14  | Extended Administrative Group      |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |  18  | TE Default Metric                  |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |  33  | Unidirectional Link Delay          |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |  34  | Min/Max Unidirectional Link Delay  |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |  35  | Unidirectional Delay Variation     |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |  36  | Unidirectional Link Loss           |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |  37  | Unidirectional Residual Bandwidth  |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |  38  | Unidirectional Available Bandwidth |
        +-------------------------------------------+
        |  39  | Unidirectional Utilized Bandwidth  |
        +-------------------------------------------+


3.2.  Legacy SRLG Advertisements

   TLV 138 GMPLS-SRLG
     Supports links identified by IPv4 addresses and
     unnumbered links

   TLV 139 IPv6 SRLG
     Supports links identified by IPv6 addresses


   Note that [RFC6119] prohibits the use of TLV 139 when it is possible
   to use TLV 138.






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4.  Advertising Application-Specific Link Attributes

   Two new code points are defined in support of Application-Specific
   Link Attribute (ASLA) Advertisements:

   1) ASLA sub-TLV for TLVs 22, 23, 25, 141, 222, and 223 (defined in
   Section 4.2 ).

   2)Application-Specific Shared Risk Link Group (SRLG) TLV (defined in
   Section 4.3).

   In support of these new advertisements, an application identifier bit
   mask is defined that identifies the application(s) associated with a
   given advertisement (defined in Section 4.1).

   In addition to supporting the advertisement of link attributes used
   by standardized applications, link attributes can also be advertised
   for use by user defined applications.  Such applications are not
   subject to standardization and are outside the scope of this
   document.

   The following sections define the format of these new advertisements.

4.1.  Application Identifier Bit Mask

   Identification of the set of applications associated with link
   attribute advertisements utilizes two bit masks.  One bit mask is for
   standard applications where the definition of each bit is defined in
   a new IANA controlled registry.  A second bit mask is for non-
   standard User Defined Applications (UDAs).

   The encoding defined below is used by both the Application-Specific
   Link Attributes sub-TLV and the Application-Specific SRLG TLV.

    0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7
   +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
   | SABM Length + Flag    |  1 octet
   +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
   | UDABM Length + Flag   |  1 octet
   +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
   |   SABM         ...       0 - 8 octets
   +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
   |   UDABM        ...       0 - 8 octets
   +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+

   SABM Length + Flag (1 octet)
       Standard Application Identifier Bit Mask
        Length + Flag



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             0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
            |L| SABM Length |
            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

      L-flag: Legacy Flag.
       See Section 4.2 for a description of how
       this flag is used.

      SABM Length: Indicates the length in octets (0-8) of the
       Standard Application Identifier Bit Mask. The length SHOULD
       be the minimum required to send all bits that are set.

   UDABM Length + Flag (1 octet)
       User Defined Application Identifier Bit Mask
        Length + Flag

             0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
            |R| UDABM Length|
            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

      R: Reserved. SHOULD be transmitted as 0 and
       MUST be ignored on receipt

      UDABM Length: Indicates the length in octets (0-8) of the
       User Defined Application Identifier Bit Mask. The length SHOULD
       be the minimum required to send all bits that are set.

   SABM  (variable length)
      Standard Application Identifier Bit Mask

      (SABM Length * 8) bits

      This field is omitted if SABM Length is 0.


             0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ...
            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+...
            |R|S|F|          ...
            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+...


         R-bit: Set to specify RSVP-TE

         S-bit: Set to specify Segment Routing Policy

         F-bit: Set to specify Loop Free Alternate (LFA)



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          (includes all LFA types)

    UDABM  (variable length)
      User Defined Application Identifier Bit Mask

      (UDABM Length * 8) bits

             0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ...
            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+...
            |                ...
            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+...

      This field is omitted if UDABM Length is 0.


   NOTE: SABM/UDABM Length is arbitrarily limited to 8 octets in order
   to insure that sufficient space is left to advertise link attributes
   without overrunning the maximum length of a sub-TLV.

   Standard Application Identifier Bits are defined/sent starting with
   Bit 0.

   User Defined Application Identifier Bits have no relationship to
   Standard Application Identifier Bits and are not managed by IANA or
   any other standards body.  It is recommended that bits are used
   starting with Bit 0 so as to minimize the number of octets required
   to advertise all UDAs.

   In the case of both SABM and UDABM, the following rules apply:

   o  Undefined bits that are transmitted MUST be transmitted as 0 and
      MUST be ignored on receipt

   o  Bits that are not transmitted MUST be treated as if they are set
      to 0 on receipt.

   o  Bits that are not supported by an implementation MUST be ignored
      on receipt.

   .

4.2.  Application-Specific Link Attributes sub-TLV

   A new sub-TLV for TLVs 22, 23, 25, 141, 222, and 223 is defined that
   supports specification of the applications and application-specific
   attribute values.





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      Type: 16 (temporarily assigned by IANA)
      Length: Variable (1 octet)
      Value:

        Application Identifier Bit Mask
        (as defined in Section 4.1)

        Link Attribute sub-sub-TLVs - format matches the
        existing formats defined in [RFC5305], [RFC7308],
        and [RFC8570]

   If the SABM or UDABM length in the Application Identifier Bit Mask is
   greater than 8, the entire sub-TLV MUST be ignored.

   When the L-flag is set in the Application Identifier Bit Mask, all of
   the applications specified in the bit mask MUST use the legacy
   advertisements for the corresponding link found in TLVs 22, 23, 25,
   141, 222, and 223 or TLV 138 or TLV 139 as appropriate.  Link
   attribute sub-sub-TLVs for the corresponding link attributes MUST NOT
   be advertised for the set of applications specified in the Standard/
   User Application Identifier Bit Masks and all such advertisements
   MUST be ignored on receipt.

   Multiple Application-Specific Link Attribute sub-TLVs for the same
   link MAY be advertised.  When multiple sub-TLVs for the same link are
   advertised, they SHOULD advertise non-conflicting application/
   attribute pairs.  A conflict exists when the same application is
   associated with two different values for the same link attribute for
   a given link.  In cases where conflicting values for the same
   application/attribute/link are advertised the first advertisement
   received in the lowest numbered LSP SHOULD be used and subsequent
   advertisements of the same attribute SHOULD be ignored.

   For a given application, the setting of the L-flag MUST be the same
   in all sub-TLVs for a given link.  In cases where this constraint is
   violated, the L-flag MUST be considered set for this application.

   If link attributes are advertised associated with zero length
   Application Identifier Bit Masks for both standard applications and
   user defined applications, then any Standard Application and/or any
   User Defined Application is permitted to use that set of link
   attributes so long as there is not another set of attributes
   advertised on that same link that is associated with a non-zero
   length Application Identifier Bit Mask with a matching Application
   Identifier Bit set.

   A new registry of sub-sub-TLVs is to be created by IANA that defines
   the link attribute sub-sub-TLV code points.  This document defines a



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   sub-sub-TLV for each of the existing sub-TLVs listed in Section 3.1
   except as noted below.  The format of the sub-sub-TLVs matches the
   format of the corresponding legacy sub-TLV and IANA is requested to
   assign the legacy sub-TLV identifier to the corresponding sub-sub-
   TLV.

4.2.1.  Special Considerations for Maximum Link Bandwidth

   Maximum link bandwidth is an application independent attribute of the
   link.  When advertised using the Application-Specific Link Attributes
   sub-TLV, multiple values for the same link MUST NOT be advertised.
   This can be accomplished most efficiently by having a single
   advertisement for a given link where the Application Identifier Bit
   Mask identifies all the applications that are making use of the value
   for that link.

   It is also possible to advertise the same value for a given link
   multiple times with disjoint sets of applications specified in the
   Application Identifier Bit Mask.  This is less efficient but still
   valid.

   It is also possible to advertise a single advertisement with zero
   length SABM and UDABM so long as the constraints discussed in
   Section 4.2 and Section 6.2 are acceptable.

   If different values for Maximum Link Bandwidth for a given link are
   advertised, all values MUST be ignored.

4.2.2.  Special Considerations for Reservable/Unreserved Bandwidth

   Maximum Reservable Link Bandwidth and Unreserved Bandwidth are
   attributes specific to RSVP-TE.  When advertised using the
   Application-Specific Link Attributes sub-TLV, bits other than the
   RSVP-TE (R-bit) MUST NOT be set in the Application Identifier Bit
   Mask.  If an advertisement of Maximum Reservable Link Bandwidth or
   Unreserved Bandwidth is received with bits other than the RSVP-TE bit
   set, the advertisement MUST be ignored.

4.2.3.  Considerations for Extended TE Metrics

   [RFC8570] defines a number of dynamic performance metrics associated
   with a link.  It is conceivable that such metrics could be measured
   specific to traffic associated with a specific application.
   Therefore this document includes support for advertising these link
   attributes specific to a given application.  However, in practice it
   may well be more practical to have these metrics reflect the
   performance of all traffic on the link regardless of application.  In
   such cases, advertisements for these attributes will be associated



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   with all of the applications utilizing that link.  This can be done
   either by explicitly specifying the applications in the Application
   Identifier Bit Mask or by using a zero length Application Identifier
   Bit Mask.

4.3.  Application-Specific SRLG TLV

   A new TLV is defined to advertise application-specific SRLGs for a
   given link.  Although similar in functionality to TLV 138 [RFC5307]
   and TLV 139 [RFC6119], a single TLV provides support for IPv4, IPv6,
   and unnumbered identifiers for a link.  Unlike TLVs 138/139, it
   utilizes sub-TLVs to encode the link identifiers in order to provide
   the flexible formatting required to support multiple link identifier
   types.

       Type: 238 (Temporarily assigned by IANA)
       Length: Number of octets in the value field (1 octet)
       Value:
         Neighbor System-ID + pseudo-node ID (7 octets)
         Application Identifier Bit Mask
          (as defined in Section 4.1)
         Length of sub-TLVs (1 octet)
         Link Identifier sub-TLVs (variable)
         0 or more SRLG Values (Each value is 4 octets)

       The following Link Identifier sub-TLVs are defined.
       The values chosen are intentionally matching the equivalent
       sub-TLVs from [RFC5305], [RFC5307], and [RFC6119].

       Type    Description
        4      Link Local/Remote Identifiers [RFC5307]
        6      IPv4 interface address [RFC5305]
        8      IPv4 neighbor address [RFC5305]
       12      IPv6 Interface Address [RFC6119]
       13      IPv6 Neighbor Address [RFC6119]

   At least one set of link identifiers (IPv4, IPv6, or Link Local/
   Remote) MUST be present.  Multiple occurrences of the same identifier
   type MUST NOT be present.  TLVs that do not meet this requirement
   MUST be ignored.

   Multiple TLVs for the same link MAY be advertised.

   When the L-flag is set in the Application Identifier Bit Mask, SRLG
   values MUST NOT be included in the TLV.  Any SRLG values that are
   advertised MUST be ignored.  Based on the link identifiers advertised
   the corresponding legacy TLV (see Section 3.2) can be identified and




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   the SRLG values advertised in the legacy TLV MUST be used by the set
   of applications specified in the Application Identifier Bit Mask.

   For a given application, the setting of the L-flag MUST be the same
   in all TLVs for a given link.  In cases where this constraint is
   violated, the L-flag MUST be considered set for this application.

5.  Attribute Advertisements and Enablement

   This document defines extensions to support the advertisement of
   application-specific link attributes.

   Whether the presence of link attribute advertisements for a given
   application indicates that the application is enabled on that link
   depends upon the application.  Similarly, whether the absence of link
   attribute advertisements indicates that the application is not
   enabled depends upon the application.

   In the case of RSVP-TE, the advertisement of application-specific
   link attributes implies that RSVP is enabled on that link.  The
   absence of RSVP-TE application-specific link attributes in
   combination with the absence of legacy advertisements implies that
   RSVP is not enabled on that link.

   In the case of SR Policy, advertisement of application-specific link
   attributes does not indicate enablement of SR Policy on that link.
   The advertisements are only used to support constraints that may be
   applied when specifying an explicit path.  SR Policy is implicitly
   enabled on all links that are part of the Segment Routing enabled
   topology independent of the existence of link attribute
   advertisements.

   In the case of LFA, advertisement of application-specific link
   attributes does not indicate enablement of LFA on that link.
   Enablement is controlled by local configuration.

   If, in the future, additional standard applications are defined to
   use this mechanism, the specification defining this use MUST define
   the relationship between application-specific link attribute
   advertisements and enablement for that application.

   This document allows the advertisement of application-specific link
   attributes with no application identifiers i.e., both the Standard
   Application Identifier Bit Mask and the User Defined Application
   Identifier Bit Mask are not present (See Section 4.1).  This supports
   the use of the link attribute by any application.  In the presence of
   an application where the advertisement of link attribute
   advertisements is used to infer the enablement of an application on



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   that link (e.g., RSVP-TE), the absence of the application identifier
   leaves ambiguous whether that application is enabled on such a link.
   This needs to be considered when making use of the "any application"
   encoding.

6.  Deployment Considerations

   This section discuss deployment considerations associated with the
   use of application-specific link attribute advertisements.

6.1.  Use of Legacy Advertisements

   Bit Identifiers for Standard Applications are defined in Section 4.1.
   All of the identifiers defined in this document are associated with
   applications that were already deployed in some networks prior to the
   writing of this document.  Therefore, such applications have been
   deployed using the legacy advertisements.  The Standard Applications
   defined in this document may continue to use legacy advertisements
   for a given link so long as at least one of the following conditions
   is true:

   o  The application is RSVP-TE

   o  The application is SR Policy or LFA and RSVP-TE is not deployed
      anywhere in the network

   o  The application is SR Policy or LFA, RSVP-TE is deployed in the
      network, and both the set of links on which SR Policy and/or LFA
      advertisements are required and the attribute values used by SR
      Policy and/or LFA on all such links is fully congruent with the
      links and attribute values used by RSVP-TE

   Under the conditions defined above, implementations that support the
   extensions defined in this document have the choice of using legacy
   advertisements or application-specific advertisements in support of
   SR Policy and/or LFA.  This will require implementations to provide
   controls specifying which type of advertisements are to be sent/
   processed on receive for these applications.  Further discussion of
   the associated issues can be found in Section 6.3.

   New applications that future documents define to make use of the
   advertisements defined in this document MUST NOT make use of legacy
   advertisements.  This simplifies deployment of new applications by
   eliminating the need to support multiple ways to advertise attributes
   for the new applications.






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6.2.  Use of Zero Length Application Identifier Bit Masks

   Link attribute advertisements associated with zero length Application
   Identifier Bit Masks for both standard applications and user defined
   applications are usable by any application, subject to the
   restrictions specified in Section 4.2.  If support for a new
   application is introduced on any node in a network in the presence of
   such advertisements, these advertisements are permitted to be used by
   the new application.  If this is not what is intended, then existing
   advertisements MUST be readvertised with an explicit set of
   applications specified before a new application is introduced.

6.3.  Interoperability, Backwards Compatibility and Migration Concerns

   Existing deployments of RSVP-TE, SR Policy, and/or LFA utilize the
   legacy advertisements listed in Section 3.  Routers that do not
   support the extensions defined in this document will only process
   legacy advertisements and are likely to infer that RSVP-TE is enabled
   on the links for which legacy advertisements exist.  It is expected
   that deployments using the legacy advertisements will persist for a
   significant period of time.  Therefore deployments using the
   extensions defined in this document in the presence of routers that
   do not support these extensions need to be able to interoperate with
   the use of legacy advertisements by the legacy routers.  The
   following sub-sections discuss interoperability and backwards
   compatibility concerns for a number of deployment scenarios.

6.3.1.  Multiple Applications: Common Attributes with RSVP-TE

   In cases where multiple applications are utilizing a given link, one
   of the applications is RSVP-TE, and all link attributes for a given
   link are common to the set of applications utilizing that link,
   interoperability is achieved by using legacy advertisements and
   sending application-specific advertisements with L-flag set and no
   link attribute values.  This avoids duplication of link attribute
   advertisements.

6.3.2.  Multiple Applications: All Attributes Not Shared with RSVP-TE

   In cases where one or more applications other than RSVP-TE are
   utilizing a given link and one or more link attribute values are not
   shared with RSVP-TE, it is necessary to use application-specific
   advertisements as defined in this document.  Attributes for
   applications other than RSVP-TE MUST be advertised using application-
   specific advertisements that have the L-flag clear.  In cases where
   some link attributes are shared with RSVP-TE, this requires duplicate
   advertisements for those attributes.




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   These guidelines apply to cases where RSVP-TE is not using any
   advertised attributes on a link and to cases where RSVP-TE is using
   some link attribute advertisements on the link but some link
   attributes cannot be shared with RSVP-TE.

6.3.3.  Interoperability with Legacy Routers

   For the applications defined in this document, routers that do not
   support the extensions defined in this document will send and receive
   only legacy link attribute advertisements.  So long as there is any
   legacy router in the network that has any of the applications
   enabled, all routers MUST continue to advertise link attributes using
   legacy advertisements.  In addition, the link attribute values
   associated with the set of applications supported by legacy routers
   (RSVP-TE, SR Policy, and/or LFA) are always shared since legacy
   routers have no way of advertising or processing application-specific
   values.  Once all legacy routers have been upgraded, migration from
   legacy advertisements to ASLA advertisements can be achieved via the
   following steps:

   1)Send ASLA advertisements while continuing to advertise using legacy
   (all advertisements are then duplicated).  Receiving routers continue
   to use legacy advertisements.

   2)Enable the use of the ASLA advertisements on all routers

   3)Remove legacy advertisements

   When the migration is complete, it then becomes possible to advertise
   incongruent values per application on a given link.

   Note that the use of the L-flag is of no value in the migration.

   Documents defining new applications that make use of the application-
   specific advertisements defined in this document MUST discuss
   interoperability and backwards compatibility issues that could occur
   in the presence of routers that do not support the new application.

6.3.4.  Use of Application-Specific Advertisements for RSVP-TE

   The extensions defined in this document support RSVP-TE as one of the
   supported applications.  This allows that RSVP-TE could eventually
   utilize the application-specific advertisements.  This can be done in
   the following step-wise manner:

   1)Upgrade all routers to support the extensions in this document





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   2)Advertise all legacy link attributes using ASLA advertisements with
   L-flag clear and R-bit set.  At this point both legacy and
   application-specific advertisements are being sent.

   3)Remove legacy advertisements

7.  IANA Considerations

   This section lists the protocol code point changes introduced by this
   document and the related IANA changes required.

   For new registries defined under IS-IS TLV Codepoints Registry with
   registration procedure "Expert Review", guidance for designated
   experts can be found in [RFC7370].

7.1.  Application-Specific Link Attributes sub-TLV

   This document defines a new sub-TLV in the Sub-TLVs for TLVs 22, 23,
   25, 141, 222, and 223 registry.  See Section 4.2

    Type  Description             22   23   25  141  222  223
    ----  ---------------------  ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
     16   Application-Specific     y    y  y(s)   y    y    y
           Link Attributes

7.2.  Application-Specific SRLG TLV

   This document defines one new TLV in the IS-IS TLV Codepoints
   Registry.  See Section 4.3

    Type  Description             IIH LSP SNP Purge
    ----  ---------------------   --- --- --- -----
     238  Application-Specific     n   y   n    n
           SRLG

7.3.  Application-Specific Link Attributes sub-sub-TLV Registry

   This document requests a new IANA registry under the IS-IS TLV
   Codepoints Registry be created to control the assignment of sub-sub-
   TLV codepoints for the Application-Specific Link Attributes sub-TLV
   defined in Section 7.1.  The suggested name of the new registry is
   "sub-sub-TLV code points for application-specific link attributes".
   The registration procedure is "Expert Review" as defined in
   [RFC8126].  The following assignments are made by this document:







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    Type   Description                          Encoding
                                                Reference
   ---------------------------------------------------------
    0-2    Unassigned
    3      Administrative group (color)         RFC5305
    4-8    Unassigned
    9      Maximum link bandwidth               RFC5305
   10      Maximum reservable link bandwidth    RFC5305
   11      Unreserved bandwidth                 RFC5305
   12-13   Unassigned
   14      Extended Administrative Group        RFC7308
   15-17   Unassigned
   18      TE Default Metric                    RFC5305
   19-32   Unassigned
   33      Unidirectional Link Delay            RFC8570
   34      Min/Max Unidirectional Link Delay    RFC8570
   35      Unidirectional Delay Variation       RFC8570
   36      Unidirectional Link Loss             RFC8570
   37      Unidirectional Residual Bandwidth    RFC8570
   38      Unidirectional Available Bandwidth   RFC8570
   39      Unidirectional Utilized Bandwidth    RFC8570
   40-255  Unassigned

   Note to IANA: For future codepoints, in cases where the document that
   defines the encoding is different from the document that assigns the
   codepoint, the encoding reference MUST be to the document that
   defines the encoding.

   Note to designated experts: If a link attribute can be advertised
   both as a sub-TLV of TLVs 22, 23, 25, 141, 222, and 223 and as a sub-
   sub-TLV of the Application-Specific Link Attributes sub-TLV defined
   in this document, then the same numerical code should be assigned to
   the link attribute whenever possible.

7.4.  Link Attribute Application Identifier Registry

   This document requests a new IANA registry be created, under the
   category of "Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) Parameters", to control
   the assignment of Application Identifier Bits.  The suggested name of
   the new registry is "Link Attribute Applications".  The registration
   policy for this registry is "Expert Review" [RFC8126].  Bit
   definitions SHOULD be assigned such that all bits in the lowest
   available octet are allocated before assigning bits in the next
   octet.  This minimizes the number of octets that will need to be
   transmitted.  The following assignments are made by this document:






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    Bit #   Name
   ---------------------------------------------------------
     0      RSVP-TE (R-bit)
     1      Segment Routing Policy (S-bit)
     2      Loop Free Alternate (F-bit)
     3-63   Unassigned

7.5.  SRLG sub-TLVs

   This document requests a new IANA registry be created under the IS-IS
   TLV Codepoints Registry to control the assignment of sub-TLV types
   for the application-specific SRLG TLV.  The suggested name of the new
   registry is "Sub-TLVs for TLV 238".  The registration procedure is
   "Expert Review" as defined in [RFC8126].  The following assignments
   are made by this document:

    Value    Description                    Encoding
                                            Reference
    ---------------------------------------------------------
     0-3     Unassigned
      4      Link Local/Remote Identifiers  [RFC5307]
      5      Unassigned
      6      IPv4 interface address         [RFC5305]
      7      Unassigned
      8      IPv4 neighbor address          [RFC5305]
     9-11    Unassigned
     12      IPv6 Interface Address         [RFC6119]
     13      IPv6 Neighbor Address          [RFC6119]
    14-255   Unassigned

   Note to IANA: For future codepoints, in cases where the document that
   defines the encoding is different from the document that assigns the
   codepoint, the encoding reference MUST be to the document that
   defines the encoding.

8.  Security Considerations

   Security concerns for IS-IS are addressed in [ISO10589], [RFC5304],
   and [RFC5310].  While IS-IS is deployed under a single administrative
   domain, there can be deployments where potential attackers have
   access to one or more networks in the IS-IS routing domain.  In these
   deployments, the stronger authentication mechanisms defined in the
   aforementioned documents SHOULD be used.

   This document defines a new way to advertise link attributes.
   Tampering with the information defined in this document may have an
   effect on applications using it, including impacting Traffic
   Engineering as discussed in [RFC8570].  As the advertisements defined



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   in this document limit the scope to specific applications, the impact
   of tampering is similarly limited in scope.

9.  Acknowledgements

   The authors would like to thank Eric Rosen and Acee Lindem for their
   careful review and content suggestions.

10.  References

10.1.  Normative References

   [ISO10589]
              International Organization for Standardization,
              "Intermediate system to Intermediate system intra-domain
              routeing information exchange protocol for use in
              conjunction with the protocol for providing the
              connectionless-mode Network Service (ISO 8473)", ISO/
              IEC 10589:2002, Second Edition, Nov 2002.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC5304]  Li, T. and R. Atkinson, "IS-IS Cryptographic
              Authentication", RFC 5304, DOI 10.17487/RFC5304, October
              2008, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5304>.

   [RFC5305]  Li, T. and H. Smit, "IS-IS Extensions for Traffic
              Engineering", RFC 5305, DOI 10.17487/RFC5305, October
              2008, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5305>.

   [RFC5307]  Kompella, K., Ed. and Y. Rekhter, Ed., "IS-IS Extensions
              in Support of Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching
              (GMPLS)", RFC 5307, DOI 10.17487/RFC5307, October 2008,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5307>.

   [RFC5310]  Bhatia, M., Manral, V., Li, T., Atkinson, R., White, R.,
              and M. Fanto, "IS-IS Generic Cryptographic
              Authentication", RFC 5310, DOI 10.17487/RFC5310, February
              2009, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5310>.

   [RFC6119]  Harrison, J., Berger, J., and M. Bartlett, "IPv6 Traffic
              Engineering in IS-IS", RFC 6119, DOI 10.17487/RFC6119,
              February 2011, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6119>.





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   [RFC7308]  Osborne, E., "Extended Administrative Groups in MPLS
              Traffic Engineering (MPLS-TE)", RFC 7308,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC7308, July 2014,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7308>.

   [RFC7370]  Ginsberg, L., "Updates to the IS-IS TLV Codepoints
              Registry", RFC 7370, DOI 10.17487/RFC7370, September 2014,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7370>.

   [RFC8126]  Cotton, M., Leiba, B., and T. Narten, "Guidelines for
              Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26,
              RFC 8126, DOI 10.17487/RFC8126, June 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8126>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

   [RFC8570]  Ginsberg, L., Ed., Previdi, S., Ed., Giacalone, S., Ward,
              D., Drake, J., and Q. Wu, "IS-IS Traffic Engineering (TE)
              Metric Extensions", RFC 8570, DOI 10.17487/RFC8570, March
              2019, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8570>.

10.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy]
              Filsfils, C., Sivabalan, S., Voyer, D., Bogdanov, A., and
              P. Mattes, "Segment Routing Policy Architecture", draft-
              ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy-07 (work in progress),
              May 2020.

   [RFC3209]  Awduche, D., Berger, L., Gan, D., Li, T., Srinivasan, V.,
              and G. Swallow, "RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP
              Tunnels", RFC 3209, DOI 10.17487/RFC3209, December 2001,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3209>.

   [RFC5286]  Atlas, A., Ed. and A. Zinin, Ed., "Basic Specification for
              IP Fast Reroute: Loop-Free Alternates", RFC 5286,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5286, September 2008,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5286>.

   [RFC7855]  Previdi, S., Ed., Filsfils, C., Ed., Decraene, B.,
              Litkowski, S., Horneffer, M., and R. Shakir, "Source
              Packet Routing in Networking (SPRING) Problem Statement
              and Requirements", RFC 7855, DOI 10.17487/RFC7855, May
              2016, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7855>.





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Authors' Addresses

   Les Ginsberg
   Cisco Systems
   821 Alder Drive
   Milpitas, CA  95035
   USA

   Email: ginsberg@cisco.com


   Peter Psenak
   Cisco Systems
   Apollo Business Center Mlynske nivy 43
   Bratislava  821 09
   Slovakia

   Email: ppsenak@cisco.com


   Stefano Previdi
   Huawei

   Email: stefano@previdi.net


   Wim Henderickx
   Nokia
   Copernicuslaan 50
   Antwerp  2018 94089
   Belgium

   Email: wim.henderickx@nokia.com


   John Drake
   Juniper Networks

   Email: jdrake@juniper.net












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