Network Working Group P. Liang
Internet-Draft ICANN
Intended status: Informational A. Melnikov
Expires: September 8, 2015 Isode Ltd
D. Conrad
ICANN
March 7, 2015
Private Enterprise Number (PEN) practices and Internet Assigned Numbers
Authority (IANA) registration considerations
draft-liang-iana-pen-05
Abstract
Private Enterprise Numbers (PENs) are a technical protocol parameter
frequently assigned for use in the management of network connected
equipment or software via SNMP-based network management systems,
LDAP, DIAMETER or GSS-API. This document discusses what a Private
Enterprise Number (PEN) is, common uses of PENs, and registration
procedures for IANA Considerations. The registration procedures
include instructions and requirements for obtaining a new Private
Enterprise Number, modifying existing numbers, and the removal of
existing numbers.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on September 8, 2015.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
Liang, et al. Expires September 8, 2015 [Page 1]
Internet-Draft IANA PEN v.0.2 March 2015
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Example of use for Private Enterprise Numbers . . . . . . . . 3
3. Who can get a Private Enterprise Number? . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. Other useful things to know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5. Syntax for Private Enterprise Names and PENs . . . . . . . . 5
6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7.1. New Private Enterprise Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7.2. Modification of Private Enterprise Numbers . . . . . . . 7
7.3. Removals of Private Enterprise Numbers . . . . . . . . . 8
7.4. Historical Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1. Introduction
A Private Enterprise Number (also known as a "PEN"), is a non-
negative integer, unique within the
iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise (1.3.6.1.4.1) Object
Identifiers (OIDs ) subtree, that can be used to reference an
organization ("enterprise") in protocols that require numeric values
instead of a human readable organization name. The
iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise OID is known as the Private
Enterprise Number OID. The Private Enterprise Number OID was
originally defined in [RFC1065].
Currently, procedures for assignment of new PENs and the modification
of existing PENs are not clearly documented. Private Enterprise
Numbers are referenced in RFCs [RFC1157] [RFC1213] and [RFC2578].
These documents mostly define Simple Network Management Protocol
(SNMP), Management Information Base (MIB) and Structure of Management
Information (SMI) structures. However, none of these RFCs clearly
describe PENs and define their registration procedures.
Liang, et al. Expires September 8, 2015 [Page 2]
Internet-Draft IANA PEN v.0.2 March 2015
Additionally, updates to existing Private Enterprise Numbers can be
challenging due to the lack of clear registration requirements and
difficulties in validation, particularly in cases such as
organization name or legal ownership changes, changes in email
addresses of the registered PEN owner, etc.
This purpose of this document is to describe the basics of PENs, how
they are most commonly used, and to define PEN registration and
update procedures.
2. Example of use for Private Enterprise Numbers
PENs are frequently embedded in OIDs (Object Identifiers) , which are
most often used in Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
Management Information Base (MIB) configurations. However, PENs are
not designed to be used exclusively for SNMP purposes, but rather
they can be and are used by a variety protocols and Data Manipulation
Languages. Examples of other uses include:
Distinguished Names and other components in X.509 certificates;
Various schema elements in X.500/LDAP directories;
GSS-API
extensions to DIAMETER
PA-TNC [RFC5792] and PB-TNC [RFC5793]
Various health-care related standards, including HL7.
3. Who can get a Private Enterprise Number?
PENs are assigned through a "First Come First Served" registration
policy as described in [RFC5226]. A new request can be submitted to
IANA by individuals or organizations in order to obtain a unique
value for their "enterprise". In order to facilitate appropriate
registration, a small amount of information is required including the
requesting organization (or individual's) name, the name of the
contact person for the PEN, and an e-mail address of the contact. In
some cases, users submit a program name, product, project, and random
abbreviation as the organization name to apply for a new
registration. However this should be discouraged since the program
name is not and should not be considered the name of the Registrant
(Company/Organization) as described in Section 7.
In other cases, applicants that already have a PEN make requests for
new PENs for subsidiaries claiming the subsidiaries are completely
Liang, et al. Expires September 8, 2015 [Page 3]
Internet-Draft IANA PEN v.0.2 March 2015
independent of the parent organization, the subsidiaries are located
in different locations, the listed Contact person(s) are unknown or
unreachable, or other reasons why the subsidiaries cannot use
existing the existing PEN allocation. However, this does not justify
new allocations as the parent company is able to create sub-trees and
allocate the sub-numbers themselves. Before requesting additional
OID, IANA encourages companies to coordinate implementations of
multiple projects within the organization and identify the existing
OID assignment(s) whether those numbers have been properly
maintained. Nevertheless, this registry allows for large number of
allocations and, as of now (this version), there are approximately
45,000 allocations. IANA may allocate new numbers to companies that
are subsidiaries of existing registrations if justfication for
multiple allocations is provided.
However, joint ventures of business enterprises may request new
allocations if the joint venture is considered a new legal body. In
addition, open resource forums and individuals may request new
allocations under the registration requirement as describe in
Section 7.
4. Other useful things to know
As some examples documented on Wikipedia, the most common OIDs seen
"in the wild" usually belong to the private enterprise numbers
allocated by IANA under the 1.3.6.1.4.1
(iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise) tree. However,
increasingly, an OID with health care and public health informatics
in the United States is being used. Health Level Seven (HL7), a
standards-developing organization in the area of electronic health
care data exchange is an assigning authority at the 2.16.840.1.113883
(joint-iso-itu-t.country.us.organization.hl7) tree.
It is important to note that despite the name PENs do not necessarily
represent a manufacturer or Vendor ID. For example they can
represent organizations and even independent developers.
The registrant of a Private Enterprise Number can create sub-trees by
appending a "." along with unique numbers at the end of their PEN,
i.e. to perform its own sub-allocations. For example, for LDAP, the
registrant of PEN <PEN> can use:
iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise.<PEN>.1 for LDAP Object
Classes
iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise.<PEN>.2 for LDAP attribute
types
Liang, et al. Expires September 8, 2015 [Page 4]
Internet-Draft IANA PEN v.0.2 March 2015
iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise.<PEN>.3 for LDAP syntaxes
A particular Object class can have OID:
iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise.<PEN>.1.100
iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise.<PEN>.1.200 for subsidiaries
an/or divisions
In general any number of additional levels are permitted, for
example:
iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise.<PEN>.1.1 can be used as a
parent OID for all email related object classes, and
iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise.<PEN>.1.2 can be used for web
related object classes.
iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise.<PEN>.1.3 can be used for
instant messaging related object classes, etc.
5. Syntax for Private Enterprise Names and PENs
Valid information for the Registrant (Company/Organization) Name for
PEN registrations are normatively defined as follows:
o Names of Private Enterprises MUST satisfy the requirements of the
NicknameFreeformClass [I-D.ietf-precis-nickname]. ( Basically, this
means that all ASCII letters, ASCII digits, ASCII punctuation
characters, Unicode symbols are allowed.)
o Names of Private Enterprises MUST NOT begin or end with a hyphen
o Maximum value for PENs is hereby defined within 2**32-1 with 0 and
0xFFFFFF (in hex) marked as Reserved. (Note that while the original
PEN definition has no upper bound, this document defines the upper
bound, because some protocol make assumptions about how big PENs can
be. For example, DIAMETER [RFC3588] assumes that this value is no
bigger than 2**32-1.)
o Values marked as "Reserved" (excluding value zero) in the registry
can not be reassigned to a new company or individual without
consulting IESG assigned expert(s). Reserved entries mark entries
with unclear ownership.
o Value "Unassigned" SHOULD NOT be re-assigned unless specified
otherwise, i.e. when the available pool of PENs runs out.
Liang, et al. Expires September 8, 2015 [Page 5]
Internet-Draft IANA PEN v.0.2 March 2015
6. Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Dan Romascanu, Michelle Cotton, and
Bert Wijnen for their contributions to this document.
7. IANA Considerations
7.1. New Private Enterprise Numbers
New Private Enterprise Numbers are assigned on a First Come First
Served basis [RFC5226] and are assigned sequentially. There is no
opportunity to request a particular private enterprise number.
(Suspected allocation requests coming from the same organization/
person that try to allocate a range of PENs up to a desired number
will be reported to IESG.) The requester can submit an online
application form. Information to be included:
Registrant (Company/Organization) Name (REQUIRED)
Registrant (Company/Organization) E-mail Address (REQUIRED)
Registrant Postal Address (REQUIRED)
Registrant Phone Number (OPTIONAL)
Registrant Fax Number (OPTIONAL)
Contact Name (REQUIRED)
Contact E-mail Address (REQUIRED)
Contact Postal Address (OPTIONAL)
Contact Phone Number (OPTIONAL)
Reference (OPTIONAL)
Comments (OPTIONAL)
Registrant (Company/Organization) Name: The name of the organization
or individual responsible for the registration of Private Enterprise
Number. If the organization is a company, it should be the full
legal name including "Inc.", "Ltd.", etc.
Registrant (Company/Organization) E-mail Address: An e-mail address
belonging to the organization that requests the PEN. This e-mail
address will be publicly available in the IANA PEN Registry. The
Liang, et al. Expires September 8, 2015 [Page 6]
Internet-Draft IANA PEN v.0.2 March 2015
E-mail address should be a valid email address and can be a role
account e-mail address.
Registrant Postal Address: The postal address/location of the
organization/individual requesting the PEN. This information is only
used by IANA for verification and will be kept private.
Registrant Phone: The main telephone number of the organization/
individual requesting the PEN, including the country code.
Registrant Fax Number: The facsimile number of the organization/
individual responsible for the PEN, including the country code.
Contact Name: Name of the individual who will be responsible for the
PEN on behalf of the company. This Contact person is authorized to
submit changes on behalf of the Registrant (Company/Organization)
described above.
Contact Postal Address: The full postal address of the individual
responsible the PEN, including state/province, zip/postal code,
country, etc.
Contact Phone: The telephone number (with extension where
appropriate) of the individual responsible for the PEN, including
country code.
Contact E-Mail Address: The e-mail address of the individual
responsible for the PEN. The e-mail address must be one the Contact
person can email confirmation from. This e-mail address will be
publicly available in the IANA PEN Registry. The Contact E-mail
Address can be the same one as the Registrant's E-mail address.
Reference: A document associated with the implementation of the OID
can be referenced with the registration.
Comments: Initially empty. This field can be updated upon request to
modify Registrant Name associated with a PEN (see Section 7.2).
It is recommended that a single PEN is granted per organization.
IANA does not expect to allocate additional PENs to the same
Registrants (Companies/Organizations) that have existing PEN records
listed in the IANA PEN registry.
7.2. Modification of Private Enterprise Numbers
Modification of existing Private Enterprise Numbers:
Liang, et al. Expires September 8, 2015 [Page 7]
Internet-Draft IANA PEN v.0.2 March 2015
When a Company/Organization has been merged or acquired by another
enterprise, the Registrant (Company/Organization) Name can be
annotated in the registry with the new owner/name in the Comments
field. This requires verification in the form of emails from the
both existing Contact and proposed Contact, and, if it deems to be
necessary, official letters from the existing owner (if applicable)
to provide proofs of the changes to IANA. If either the existing
owner or Contact is obsoleted, an official letter from the proposed
Registrant (Company/ Organization) Name will be required and be
supplied to IANA for verification. Additional documentations will be
required subject to the conditions of the changes of the numbers in
questions. It is not guarantee that the request will be granted if
IANA does not have sufficient information to verify the changes, or
if there is legacy use of the PEN out in the wild.
All information associated with existing PEN records, excluding the
Registrant (Company/Organization) Name, shall be updated if the
information is obsoleted. (See the preceding section to update the
Registrant (Company/Organization) Name.) A request to update Contact
information associated with an existing PEN record shall be submitted
to IANA using an online submission. Requests can only be fulfilled
upon verification by IANA and/or subject matter experts. Additional
documentations will be required if it deems to be necessary to
validate the request.
A change to the Contact Name of existing PEN records can be made to
IANA in case of personnel changes, change of employment,
acquisitions, etc. It would be ideal that new requests shall be
completed by the existing Contacts for the PEN records. E-mail
verifications of the requested changes are required. Alternatively,
supplemental documentations and/or letters issued by the Company/
Organization (Registrant Name) will be required if E-mail
verifications cannot be fulfilled and if it deems to be necessary.
Requests can only be fulfilled upon verification by IANA and/or
subject matter experts if it deems to be necessary.
7.3. Removals of Private Enterprise Numbers
Such request does not happen often and regularly.
Considering the fact that there might be legacy uses of any existing
allocation, registrations SHOULD NOT be removed.
A Contact Name can request to remove the corresponding Contact
information if the company is no longer in operation, the Contact
does not wish to be listed in the IANA PEN registry and if the PEN is
Liang, et al. Expires September 8, 2015 [Page 8]
Internet-Draft IANA PEN v.0.2 March 2015
no longer believed to be in use. The Modification procedure
described above SHOULD be followed.
Requests can only be fulfilled upon verification by IANA and/or
subject matter experts if it deems to be necessary.
IF the removal request is honoured, the entry is marked as
"Unassigned" and annotated as "returned on yyyy-mm-dd by xxxxxxx". A
future update to this document can allow IANA to reallocate such
returned PEN, however this document doesn't allow for that.
7.4. Historical Assignments
This document will correct the missing historical assignments that
predates ICANN's management of the existing registry. These entries
will be marked as "Reserved" and annotated as "Returned on yyyy-mm-
dd". These numbers MAY be re-assigned when the available pool of
PENs runs out upon instructions from IESG (or IESG assigned
expert(s)).
2187, 2188, 3513, 4164, 4565, 4600, 4913, 4999, 5099, 5144, 5201,
5683, 5777, 6260, 6619, 14827, 16739, 26975
The range from 11670 to 11769
8. Security Considerations
See the Security Considerations section in BCP 26 [RFC5226], and note
that improper definition and application of IANA registration
policies can introduce both interoperability and security issues. It
is critical that registration policies be considered carefully and
separately for each registry. Overly restrictive policies can result
in the lack of registration of code points and parameters that need
to be registered, while overly permissive policies can result in
inappropriate registrations. Striking the right balance is an
important part of document development.
9. References
9.1. Normative References
[I-D.ietf-precis-nickname]
Saint-Andre, P., "Preparation and Comparison of
Nicknames", draft-ietf-precis-nickname-09 (work in
progress), January 2014.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
Liang, et al. Expires September 8, 2015 [Page 9]
Internet-Draft IANA PEN v.0.2 March 2015
[RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
May 2008.
9.2. Informative References
[RFC1065] Rose, M. and K. McCloghrie, "Structure and identification
of management information for TCP/IP-based internets", RFC
1065, August 1988.
[RFC1157] Case, J., Fedor, M., Schoffstall, M., and J. Davin,
"Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 15, RFC
1157, May 1990.
[RFC1213] McCloghrie, K. and M. Rose, "Management Information Base
for Network Management of TCP/IP-based internets:MIB-II",
STD 17, RFC 1213, March 1991.
[RFC2578] McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Structure of Management Information
Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578, April 1999.
[RFC3588] Calhoun, P., Loughney, J., Guttman, E., Zorn, G., and J.
Arkko, "Diameter Base Protocol", RFC 3588, September 2003.
[RFC5792] Sangster, P. and K. Narayan, "PA-TNC: A Posture Attribute
(PA) Protocol Compatible with Trusted Network Connect
(TNC)", RFC 5792, March 2010.
[RFC5793] Sahita, R., Hanna, S., Hurst, R., and K. Narayan, "PB-TNC:
A Posture Broker (PB) Protocol Compatible with Trusted
Network Connect (TNC)", RFC 5793, March 2010.
Authors' Addresses
Pearl Liang
ICANN
12025 Waterfront Drive, Suite 300
Los Angeles, CA 90094
USA
Email: pearl.liang@icann.org
Liang, et al. Expires September 8, 2015 [Page 10]
Internet-Draft IANA PEN v.0.2 March 2015
Alexey Melnikov
Isode Ltd
5 Castle Business Village
36 Station Road
Hampton, Middlesex TW12 2BX
UK
Email: Alexey.Melnikov@isode.com
David Conrad
ICANN
12025 Waterfront Drive, Suite 300
Los Angeles, CA 90094
US
Email: drc@virtualized.org
Liang, et al. Expires September 8, 2015 [Page 11]