Network Working Group                                         S. Previdi
Internet-Draft                                       Huawei Technologies
Intended status: Standards Track                             C. Filsfils
Expires: September 8, 2022                            K. Talaulikar, Ed.
                                                           Cisco Systems
                                                               P. Mattes
                                                               Microsoft
                                                                 D. Jain
                                                                  S. Lin
                                                                  Google
                                                           March 7, 2022


              Advertising Segment Routing Policies in BGP
              draft-ietf-idr-segment-routing-te-policy-16

Abstract

   This document defines a new BGP SAFI with a new NLRI to advertise a
   candidate path of a Segment Routing (SR) Policy.  An SR Policy is a
   set of candidate paths, each consisting of one or more segment lists.
   The headend of an SR Policy may learn multiple candidate paths for an
   SR Policy.  Candidate paths may be learned via several different
   mechanisms, e.g., CLI, NetConf, PCEP, or BGP.  This document
   specifies how BGP may be used to distribute SR Policy candidate
   paths.  New sub-TLVs for the Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute are
   defined for signaling information about these candidate paths.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on September 8, 2022.







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Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     1.1.  Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   2.  SR Policy Encoding  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     2.1.  SR Policy SAFI and NLRI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     2.2.  SR Policy and Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute  . . . . . .   7
     2.3.  Remote Endpoint and Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     2.4.  SR Policy Sub-TLVs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
       2.4.1.  Preference Sub-TLV  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
       2.4.2.  Binding SID Sub-TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
       2.4.3.  SRv6 Binding SID Sub-TLV  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
       2.4.4.  Segment List Sub-TLV  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       2.4.5.  Explicit NULL Label Policy Sub-TLV  . . . . . . . . .  27
       2.4.6.  Policy Priority Sub-TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
       2.4.7.  Policy Candidate Path Name Sub-TLV  . . . . . . . . .  30
       2.4.8.  Policy Name Sub-TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  31
   3.  Color Extended Community  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  32
   4.  SR Policy Operations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  32
     4.1.  Advertisement of SR Policies  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  33
     4.2.  Reception of an SR Policy NLRI  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  33
       4.2.1.  Acceptance of an SR Policy NLRI . . . . . . . . . . .  33
       4.2.2.  Usable SR Policy NLRI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  34
       4.2.3.  Passing a usable SR Policy NLRI to the SRPM . . . . .  34
       4.2.4.  Propagation of an SR Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . .  35
   5.  Error Handling  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  35
   6.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  36
     6.1.  Existing Registry: Subsequent Address Family Identifiers
           (SAFI) Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  37
     6.2.  Existing Registry: BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute
           Tunnel Types  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  37
     6.3.  Existing Registry: BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute
           sub-TLVs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  37



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     6.4.  Existing Registry: Color Extended Community Flags . . . .  37
     6.5.  New Registry: SR Policy Segment List Sub-TLVs . . . . . .  38
     6.6.  New Registry: SR Policy Binding SID Flags . . . . . . . .  38
     6.7.  New Registry: SR Policy SRv6 Binding SID Flags  . . . . .  39
     6.8.  New Registry: SR Policy Segment Flags . . . . . . . . . .  39
     6.9.  New Registry: Color Extended Community Color-Only Types .  39
   7.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  40
   8.  Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  41
   9.  Contributors  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  41
   10. References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  42
     10.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  42
     10.2.  Informational References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  43
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  44

1.  Introduction

   Segment Routing (SR) [RFC8402] allows a headend node to steer a
   packet flow along any path.  Intermediate per-path states are
   eliminated thanks to source routing.

   The headend node is said to steer a flow into an SR Policy [RFC8402].

   The packets steered into an SR Policy carry an ordered list of
   segments associated with that SR Policy.

   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy] details the concepts of SR
   Policy and steering into an SR Policy.  These apply equally to the
   SR-MPLS and Segment Routing for IPv6 (SRv6) data-plane instantiations
   of Segment Routing using SR-MPLS and SRv6 Segment Identifiers (SIDs)
   as described in [RFC8402].  [RFC8660] describes the representation
   and processing of this ordered list of segments as MPLS label stack
   for SR-MPLS.  While [RFC8754] and [RFC8986] describe the same for
   SRv6 with the use of the Segment Routing Header (SRH).

   The SR Policy related functionality described in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy] can be conceptually viewed
   as being incorporated in an SR Policy Module (SRPM).  Following is a
   reminder of the high-level functionality of SRPM:

   o  Learning multiple candidate paths for an SR Policy via various
      mechanisms (CLI, NetConf, PCEP or BGP).

   o  Selection of the best candidate path for an SR Policy.

   o  Binding BSID to the selected candidate path of an SR Policy.

   o  Installation of the selected candidate path and its BSID in the
      forwarding plane.



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   This document specifies the way to use BGP to distribute one or more
   of the candidate paths of an SR Policy to the headend of that policy.
   The document describes the functionality provided by BGP and, as
   appropriate, provides references for the functionality which is
   outside the scope of BGP (i.e. resides within SRPM on the headend
   node).

   This document specifies a way of representing SR Policy candidate
   paths in BGP UPDATE messages.  BGP can then be used to propagate the
   SR Policy candidate paths to the headend nodes in the network.  The
   usual BGP rules for BGP propagation and best-path selection are used.
   At the headend of a specific policy, this will result in one or more
   candidate paths being installed into the "BGP table".  These paths
   are then passed to the SRPM.  The SRPM may compare them to candidate
   paths learned via other mechanisms and will choose one or more paths
   to be installed in the data plane.  BGP itself does not install SR
   Policy candidate paths into the data plane.

   This document defines a new BGP address family (SAFI).  In UPDATE
   messages of that address family, the NLRI identifies an SR Policy
   Candidate Path while the attributes encode the segment lists and
   other details of that SR Policy Candidate Path.

   While for simplicity we may write that BGP advertises an SR Policy,
   it has to be understood that BGP advertises a candidate path of an SR
   policy and that this SR Policy might have several other candidate
   paths provided via BGP (via an NLRI with a different distinguisher as
   defined in this document), PCEP, NETCONF, or local policy
   configuration.

   Typically, a controller defines the set of policies and advertise
   them to policy head-end routers (typically ingress routers).  The
   policy advertisement uses BGP extensions defined in this document.
   The policy advertisement is, in most but not all of the cases,
   tailored for a specific policy head-end.  In this case, the
   advertisement may be sent on a BGP session to that head-end and not
   propagated any further.

   Alternatively, a router (i.e., a BGP egress router) advertises SR
   Policies representing paths to itself.  In this case, it is possible
   to send the policy to each head-end over a BGP session to that head-
   end, without requiring any further propagation of the policy.

   An SR Policy intended only for the receiver will, in most cases, not
   traverse any Route Reflector (RR, [RFC4456]).

   In some situations, it is undesirable for a controller or BGP egress
   router to have a BGP session to each policy head-end.  In these



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   situations, BGP Route Reflectors may be used to propagate the
   advertisements, or it may be necessary for the advertisement to
   propagate through a sequence of one or more AS.  To make this
   possible, an attribute needs to be attached to the advertisement that
   enables a BGP speaker to determine whether it is intended to be a
   head-end for the advertised policy.  This is done by attaching one or
   more Route Target Extended Communities to the advertisement
   ([RFC4360]).

   The BGP extensions for the advertisement of SR Policies include
   following components:

   o  A new Subsequent Address Family Identifier (SAFI) whose NLRI
      identifies an SR Policy candidate path.

   o  A new Tunnel Type identifier for SR Policy, and a set of sub-TLVs
      to be inserted into the Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute (as defined
      in [RFC9012]) specifying segment lists of the SR Policy candidate
      path, as well as other information about the SR Policy.

   o  One or more IPv4 address format route target extended community
      ([RFC4360]) attached to the SR Policy advertisement and that
      indicates the intended head-end of such SR Policy advertisement.

   o  The Color Extended Community (as defined in [RFC9012]) and used in
      order to steer traffic into an SR Policy, as described in section
      8.8 in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].  This document
      (Section 3) modifies the format of the Color Extended Community by
      using the two leftmost bits of the RESERVED field.

1.1.  Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
   14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

2.  SR Policy Encoding

2.1.  SR Policy SAFI and NLRI

   A new SAFI is defined: the SR Policy SAFI with codepoint 73.  The AFI
   used MUST be IPv4(1) or IPv6(2).

   The SR Policy SAFI uses a new NLRI defined as follows:





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   +------------------+
   |  NLRI Length     | 1 octet
   +------------------+
   |  Distinguisher   | 4 octets
   +------------------+
   |  Policy Color    | 4 octets
   +------------------+
   |  Endpoint        | 4 or 16 octets
   +------------------+

   where:

   o  NLRI Length: 1 octet of length expressed in bits as defined in
      [RFC4760].  When AFI = 1 value MUST be 96 and when AFI = 2 value
      MUST be 192.

   o  Distinguisher: 4-octet value uniquely identifying the policy in
      the context of <color, endpoint> tuple.  The distinguisher has no
      semantic value and is solely used by the SR Policy originator to
      make unique (from an NLRI perspective) both for multiple candidate
      paths of the same SR Policy as well as candidate paths of
      different SR Policies (i.e. with different segment list) with the
      same Color and Endpoint but meant for different head-ends.

   o  Policy Color: 4-octet value identifying (with the endpoint) the
      policy.  The color is used to match the color of the destination
      prefixes to steer traffic into the SR Policy as specified in
      [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

   o  Endpoint: identifies the endpoint of a policy.  The Endpoint may
      represent a single node or a set of nodes (e.g., an anycast
      address).  The Endpoint is an IPv4 (4-octet) address or an IPv6
      (16-octet) address according to the AFI of the NLRI.

   The color and endpoint are used to automate the steering of BGP
   Payload prefixes on SR Policy as described in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

   The NLRI containing the SR Policy candidate path is carried in a BGP
   UPDATE message [RFC4271] using BGP multi-protocol extensions
   [RFC4760] with an AFI of 1 or 2 (IPv4 or IPv6) and with a SAFI of 73.

   An update message that carries the MP_REACH_NLRI or MP_UNREACH_NLRI
   attribute with the SR Policy SAFI MUST also carry the BGP mandatory
   attributes.  In addition, the BGP update message MAY also contain any
   of the BGP optional attributes.





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   The next-hop network address field in SR Policy SAFI (73) updates may
   be either a 4 octet IPv4 address or a 16 octet IPv6 address,
   independent of the SR Policy AFI.  The length field of the next-hop
   address specifies the next-hop address family.  If the next-hop
   length is 4, then the next-hop is an IPv4 address; if the next-hop
   length is 16, then it is a global IPv6 address; if the next-hop
   length is 32, then it has a global IPv6 address followed by a link-
   local IPv6 address.  The setting of the next-hop field and its
   attendant processing is governed by standard BGP procedures as
   described in section 3 in [RFC4760].

   It is important to note that any BGP speaker receiving a BGP message
   with an SR Policy NLRI, will process it only if the NLRI is among the
   best-paths as per the BGP best-path selection algorithm.  In other
   words, this document leverages the existing BGP propagation and best-
   path selection rules.  Details of the procedures are described in
   Section 4.

   It has to be noted that if several candidate paths of the same SR
   Policy (endpoint, color) are signaled via BGP to a head-end, it is
   RECOMMENDED that each NLRI uses a different distinguisher.  If BGP
   has installed into the BGP table two advertisements whose respective
   NLRIs have the same color and endpoint, but different distinguishers,
   both advertisements are passed to the SRPM as different candidate
   paths along with their respective originator information (i.e.  ASN
   and BGP Router-ID) as described in section 2.4 of
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].  The ASN would be the ASN
   of origin and the BGP Router-ID is determined in the following order:

   o  From the Route Origin Community [RFC4360] if present and carrying
      an IP Address

   o  As the BGP Originator ID [RFC4456] if present

   o  As the BGP Router-ID of the peer from which the update was
      received as a last resort.

2.2.  SR Policy and Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute

   The content of the SR Policy Candidate Path is encoded in the Tunnel
   Encapsulation Attribute defined in [RFC9012] using a new Tunnel-Type
   called SR Policy Type with codepoint 15.

   The SR Policy Encoding structure is as follows:







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   SR Policy SAFI NLRI: <Distinguisher, Policy-Color, Endpoint>
   Attributes:
      Tunnel Encaps Attribute (23)
         Tunnel Type: SR Policy
             Binding SID
             SRv6 Binding SID
             Preference
             Priority
             Policy Name
             Policy Candidate Path Name
             Explicit NULL Label Policy (ENLP)
             Segment List
                 Weight
                 Segment
                 Segment
                 ...
             ...
   where:

   o  SR Policy SAFI NLRI is defined in Section 2.1.

   o  Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute is defined in [RFC9012].

   o  Tunnel-Type is set to 15.

   o  Preference, Binding SID, SRv6 Binding SID, Priority, Policy Name,
      Policy Candidate Path Name, ENLP, Segment-List, Weight, and
      Segment sub-TLVs are defined in this document.

   o  Additional sub-TLVs may be defined in the future.

   A Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute MUST NOT contain more than one TLV
   of type "SR Policy".

2.3.  Remote Endpoint and Color

   The Remote Endpoint and Color sub-TLVs, as defined in [RFC9012], MAY
   also be present in the SR Policy encodings.

   The Remote Endpoint and Color Sub-TLVs of the Tunnel Encapsulation
   Attribute are not used for SR Policy encodings and therefore their
   value is irrelevant in the context of the SR Policy SAFI NLRI.  If
   present, the Remote Endpoint sub-TLV and the Color sub-TLV MUST be
   ignored by the BGP speaker.







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2.4.  SR Policy Sub-TLVs

   This section specifies the sub-TLVs defined for encoding the
   information about the SR Policy Candidate Path.

   Preference, Binding SID, SRv6 Binding SID, Segment-List, Priority,
   Policy Name, Policy Candidate Path Name, and Explicit NULL Label
   Policy are the new sub-TLVs of the BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute
   [RFC9012] being defined in this section.

   Weight and Segment are sub-TLVs of the new Segment-List sub-TLV
   mentioned above.

   None of the sub-TLVs defined in the following sub-sections have any
   effect on the BGP best-path selection or propagation procedures.
   These sub-TLVs are not used by BGP and are instead passed on to SRPM
   as SR Policy Candidate Path information for further processing
   described in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy] .

2.4.1.  Preference Sub-TLV

   The Preference sub-TLV is used to carry the preference of the SR
   Policy candidate path.  The contents of this sub-TLV are used by the
   SRPM as described in section 2.7 in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

   The Preference sub-TLV is optional and it MUST NOT appear more than
   once in the SR Policy encoding.

   The Preference sub-TLV has following format:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                      Preference (4 octets)                    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 12

   o  Length: 6.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags.  None are defined at this stage.  Flags
      SHOULD be set to zero on transmission and MUST be ignored on
      receipt.



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   o  RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

   o  Preference: a 4-octet value.

2.4.2.  Binding SID Sub-TLV

   The Binding SID sub-TLV is used to signal the binding SID related
   information of the SR Policy candidate path.  The contents of this
   sub-TLV are used by the SRPM as described in section 6 in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

   The Binding SID sub-TLV is optional and it MUST NOT appear more than
   once in the SR Policy encoding.

   When the Binding SID sub-TLV is used to signal an SRv6 SID, the
   choice of its SRv6 Endpoint Behavior [RFC8986] to be instantiated is
   left to the headend node.  It is RECOMMENDED that the SRv6 Binding
   SID sub-TLV defined in Section 2.4.3, that enables the specification
   of the SRv6 Endpoint Behavior, be used for signaling of an SRv6
   Binding SID for an SR Policy candidate path.

   The Binding SID sub-TLV has the following format:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |              Binding SID (variable, optional)                 |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 13

   o  Length: specifies the length of the value field not including Type
      and Length fields.  Can be 2 or 6 or 18.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags.  Following flags are defined in the new
      registry "SR Policy Binding SID Flags" as described in
      Section 6.6:

    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |S|I|           |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+




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      where:

      *  S-Flag: This flag encodes the "Specified-BSID-only" behavior.
         It is used by SRPM as described in section 6.2.3 in
         [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

      *  I-Flag: This flag encodes the "Drop Upon Invalid" behavior.  It
         is used by SRPM as described in section 8.2 in
         [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

      *  Unused bits in the Flag octet SHOULD be set to zero upon
         transmission and MUST be ignored upon receipt.

   o  RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

   o  Binding SID: if the length is 2, then no Binding SID is present.
      If the length is 6 then the Binding SID is encoded in 4 octets
      using the format below.  TC, S, TTL (Total of 12 bits) are
      RESERVED and SHOULD be set to zero and MUST be ignored.

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |          Label                        | TC  |S|       TTL     |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

      If the length is 18 then the Binding SID contains a 16-octet SRv6
      SID.

2.4.3.  SRv6 Binding SID Sub-TLV

   The SRv6 Binding SID sub-TLV is used to signal the SRv6 Binding SID
   related information of the SR Policy candidate path.  It enables the
   specification of the SRv6 Endpoint Behavior [RFC8986] to be
   instantiated on the headend node.  The contents of this sub-TLV are
   used by the SRPM as described in section 6 in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

   The SRv6 Binding SID sub-TLV is optional.  More than one SRv6 Binding
   SIDs MAY be signaled in the same SR Policy encoding to indicate one
   or more SRv6 SIDs, each with potentially different SRv6 Endpoint
   Behaviors to be instantiated.

   The SRv6 Binding SID sub-TLV has the following format:






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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                 SRv6 Binding SID (16 octets)                  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //     SRv6 Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure (optional)     //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: TBD

   o  Length is variable

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags.  Following flags are defined in the new
      registry "SR Policy Binding SID Flags" as described in
      Section 6.7:

    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |S|I|B|         |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

      where:

      *  S-Flag: This flag encodes the "Specified-BSID-only" behavior.
         It is used by SRPM as described in section 6.2.3 in
         [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

      *  I-Flag: This flag encodes the "Drop Upon Invalid" behavior.  It
         is used by SRPM as described in section 8.2 in
         [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

      *  B-Flag: This flag, when set, indicates the presence of the SRv6
         Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure encoding specified in
         Section 2.4.4.2.13.

      *  Unused bits in the Flag octet SHOULD be set to zero upon
         transmission and MUST be ignored upon receipt.

   o  RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

   o  SRv6 Binding SID: Contains a 16-octet SRv6 SID.





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   o  SRv6 Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure: Optional, as defined in
      Section 2.4.4.2.13.

2.4.4.  Segment List Sub-TLV

   The Segment List sub-TLV encodes a single explicit path towards the
   endpoint as described in section 5.1 in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].  The Segment List sub-TLV
   includes the elements of the paths (i.e., segments) as well as an
   optional Weight sub-TLV.

   The Segment List sub-TLV may exceed 255 bytes length due to large
   number of segments.  Therefore a 2-octet length is required.
   According to [RFC9012], the first bit of the sub-TLV codepoint
   defines the size of the length field.  Therefore, for the Segment
   List sub-TLV a code point of 128 or higher is used.

   The Segment List sub-TLV is optional and MAY appear multiple times in
   the SR Policy encoding.  The ordering of Segment List sub-TLVs, each
   sub-TLV encoding a Segment List, does not matter.

   The Segment List sub-TLV contains zero or more Segment sub-TLVs and
   MAY contain a Weight sub-TLV.

   The Segment List sub-TLV has the following format:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |             Length            |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                           sub-TLVs                          //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 128.

   o  Length: the total length (not including the Type and Length
      fields) of the sub-TLVs encoded within the Segment List sub-TLV.

   o  RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

   o  sub-TLVs currently defined:

      *  An optional single Weight sub-TLV.




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      *  Zero or more Segment sub-TLVs.

   Validation of an explicit path encoded by the Segment List sub-TLV is
   beyond the scope of BGP and performed by the SRPM as described in
   section 5 in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

2.4.4.1.  Weight Sub-TLV

   The Weight sub-TLV specifies the weight associated with a given
   segment list.  The contents of this sub-TLV are used only by the SRPM
   as described in section 2.11 in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

   The Weight sub-TLV is optional and it MUST NOT appear more than once
   inside the Segment List sub-TLV.

   The Weight sub-TLV has the following format:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                              Weight                           |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 9.

   o  Length: 6

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags.  None are defined at this stage.  Flags
      SHOULD be set to zero on transmission and MUST be ignored on
      receipt.

   o  RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

2.4.4.2.  Segment Sub-TLVs

   A Segment sub-TLV describes a single segment in a segment list (i.e.,
   a single element of the explicit path).  One or more Segment sub-TLVs
   constitute an explicit path of the SR Policy candidate path.  The
   contents of these sub-TLVs are used only by the SRPM as described in
   section 4 in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].





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   The Segment sub-TLVs are optional and MAY appear multiple times in
   the Segment List sub-TLV.

   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy] defines several Segment
   Types:

   Type  A: SR-MPLS Label
   Type  B: SRv6 SID
   Type  C: IPv4 Prefix with optional SR Algorithm
   Type  D: IPv6 Global Prefix with optional SR Algorithm for SR-MPLS
   Type  E: IPv4 Prefix with Local Interface ID
   Type  F: IPv4 Addresses for link endpoints as Local, Remote pair
   Type  G: IPv6 Prefix and Interface ID for link endpoints as Local,
            Remote pair for SR-MPLS
   Type  H: IPv6 Addresses for link endpoints as Local, Remote pair
            for SR-MPLS
   Type  I: IPv6 Global Prefix with optional SR Algorithm for SRv6
   Type  J: IPv6 Prefix and Interface ID for link endpoints as Local,
            Remote pair for SRv6
   Type  K: IPv6 Addresses for link endpoints as Local, Remote pair
            for SRv6


   The following sub-sections specify the sub-TLV used for encoding each
   of these Segment Types.

2.4.4.2.1.  Segment Type A

   The Type A Segment Sub-TLV encodes a single SR-MPLS SID.  The format
   is as follows:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |          Label                        | TC  |S|       TTL     |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 1.

   o  Length is 6.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.12.





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   o  RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

   o  Label: 20 bits of label value.

   o  TC: 3 bits of traffic class.

   o  S: 1 bit of bottom-of-stack.

   o  TTL: 1 octet of TTL.

   The following applies to the Type-1 Segment sub-TLV:

   o  The S bit SHOULD be zero upon transmission and MUST be ignored
      upon reception.

   o  If the originator wants the receiver to choose the TC value, it
      sets the TC field to zero.

   o  If the originator wants the receiver to choose the TTL value, it
      sets the TTL field to 255.

   o  If the originator wants to recommend a value for these fields, it
      puts those values in the TC and/or TTL fields.

   o  The receiver MAY override the originator's values for these
      fields.  This would be determined by local policy at the receiver.
      One possible policy would be to override the fields only if the
      fields have the default values specified above.

2.4.4.2.2.  Segment Type B

   The Type B Segment Sub-TLV encodes a single SRv6 SID.  The format is
   as follows:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                       SRv6 SID (16 octets)                  //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //     SRv6 Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure (optional)     //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 13.



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   o  Length is variable.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.12.

   o  RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

   o  SRv6 SID: 16 octets of IPv6 address.

   o  SRv6 Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure: Optional, as defined in
      Section 2.4.4.2.13.

   The TLV 2 defined for the advertisement of Segment Type B in the
   earlier versions of this document has been deprecated to avoid
   backward compatibility issues.

2.4.4.2.3.  Segment Type C

   The Type C Segment Sub-TLV encodes an IPv4 node address, SR Algorithm
   and an optional SR-MPLS SID.  The format is as follows:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |  SR Algorithm |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                 IPv4 Node Address (4 octets)                  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                SR-MPLS SID (optional, 4 octets)               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 3.

   o  Length is 10 when the SR-MPLS SID is present else is 6.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.12.

   o  SR Algorithm: 1 octet specifying SR Algorithm as described in
      section 3.1.1 in [RFC8402] when A-Flag as defined in
      Section 2.4.4.2.12 is present.  SR Algorithm is used by SRPM as
      described in section 4 in
      [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].  When A-Flag is not
      encoded, this field SHOULD be set to zero on transmission and MUST
      be ignored on receipt.

   o  IPv4 Node Address: a 4 octet IPv4 address representing a node.



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   o  SR-MPLS SID: optional, 4 octet field containing label, TC, S and
      TTL as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.1.

2.4.4.2.4.  Segment Type D

   The Type D Segment Sub-TLV encodes an IPv6 node address, SR Algorithm
   and an optional SR-MPLS SID.  The format is as follows:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |  SR Algorithm |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                IPv6 Node Address (16 octets)                //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                SR-MPLS SID (optional, 4 octets)               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 4

   o  Length is 22 when the SR-MPLS SID is present else is 18.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.12.

   o  SR Algorithm: 1 octet specifying SR Algorithm as described in
      section 3.1.1 in [RFC8402] when A-Flag as defined in
      Section 2.4.4.2.12 is present.  SR Algorithm is used by SRPM as
      described in section 4 in
      [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].  When A-Flag is not
      encoded, this field SHOULD be set to zero on transmission and MUST
      be ignored on receipt.

   o  IPv6 Node Address: a 16 octet IPv6 address representing a node.

   o  SR-MPLS SID: optional, 4 octet field containing label, TC, S and
      TTL as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.1.

2.4.4.2.5.  Segment Type E

   The Type E Segment Sub-TLV encodes an IPv4 node address, a local
   interface Identifier (Local Interface ID), and an optional SR-MPLS
   SID.  The format is as follows:







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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                 Local Interface ID (4 octets)                 |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                 IPv4 Node Address (4 octets)                  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                SR-MPLS SID (optional, 4 octets)               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 5.

   o  Length is 14 when the SR-MPLS SID is present else is 10.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.12.

   o  RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

   o  Local Interface ID: 4 octets of interface index as defined in
      [RFC8664].

   o  IPv4 Node Address: a 4 octet IPv4 address representing a node.

   o  SR-MPLS SID: optional, 4 octet field containing label, TC, S and
      TTL as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.1.

2.4.4.2.6.  Segment Type F

   The Type F Segment Sub-TLV encodes an adjacency local address, an
   adjacency remote address, and an optional SR-MPLS SID.  The format is
   as follows:















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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                Local IPv4 Address (4 octets)                  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                Remote IPv4 Address  (4 octets)                |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                SR-MPLS SID (optional, 4 octets)               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


   where:

   o  Type: 6.

   o  Length is 14 when the SR-MPLS SID is present else is 10.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.12.

   o  RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

   o  Local IPv4 Address: a 4 octet IPv4 address.

   o  Remote IPv4 Address: a 4 octet IPv4 address.

   o  SR-MPLS SID: optional, 4 octet field containing label, TC, S and
      TTL as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.1.

2.4.4.2.7.  Segment Type G

   The Type G Segment Sub-TLV encodes an IPv6 link-local adjacency with
   IPv6 local node address, a local interface identifier (Local
   Interface ID), IPv6 remote node address, a remote interface
   identifier (Remote Interface ID), and an optional SR-MPLS SID.  The
   format is as follows:













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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                 Local Interface ID (4 octets)                 |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                IPv6 Local Node Address (16 octets)          //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                 Remote Interface ID (4 octets)                |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                IPv6 Remote Node Address (16 octets)         //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                SR-MPLS SID (optional, 4 octets)               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 7

   o  Length is 46 when the SR-MPLS SID is present else is 42.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.12.

   o  RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

   o  Local Interface ID: 4 octets of interface index as defined in
      [RFC8664].

   o  IPv6 Local Node Address: a 16 octet IPv6 address.

   o  Remote Interface ID: 4 octets of interface index as defined in
      [RFC8664].  The value MAY be set to zero when the local node
      address and interface identifiers are sufficient to describe the
      link.

   o  IPv6 Remote Node Address: a 16 octet IPv6 address.  The value MAY
      be set to zero when the local node address and interface
      identifiers are sufficient to describe the link.

   o  SR-MPLS SID: optional, 4 octet field containing label, TC, S and
      TTL as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.1.








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2.4.4.2.8.  Segment Type H

   The Type H Segment Sub-TLV encodes an adjacency local address, an
   adjacency remote address, and an optional SR-MPLS SID.  The format is
   as follows:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //               Local IPv6 Address (16 octets)                //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //               Remote IPv6 Address  (16 octets)              //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                SR-MPLS SID (optional, 4 octets)               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


   where:

   o  Type: 8

   o  Length is 38 when the SR-MPLS SID is present else is 34.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.12.

   o  RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

   o  Local IPv6 Address: a 16 octet IPv6 address.

   o  Remote IPv6 Address: a 16 octet IPv6 address.

   o  SR-MPLS SID: optional, 4 octet field containing label, TC, S and
      TTL as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.1.

2.4.4.2.9.  Segment Type I

   The Type I Segment Sub-TLV encodes an IPv6 node address, SR
   Algorithm, and an optional SRv6 SID.  The format is as follows:










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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     | SR Algorithm  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                 IPv6 Node Address (16 octets)               //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                    SRv6 SID (optional, 16 octets)           //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //     SRv6 Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure (optional)     //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 14

   o  Length is variable.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.12.

   o  SR Algorithm: 1 octet specifying SR Algorithm as described in
      section 3.1.1 in [RFC8402] when A-Flag as defined in
      Section 2.4.4.2.12 is present.  SR Algorithm is used by SRPM as
      described in section 4 in
      [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].  When A-Flag is not
      encoded, this field SHOULD be set to zero on transmission and MUST
      be ignored on receipt.

   o  IPv6 Node Address: a 16 octet IPv6 address.

   o  SRv6 SID: optional, a 16 octet IPv6 address.

   o  SRv6 Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure: Optional, as defined in
      Section 2.4.4.2.13.

   The TLV 10 defined for the advertisement of Segment Type I in the
   earlier versions of this document has been deprecated to avoid
   backward compatibility issues.

2.4.4.2.10.  Segment Type J

   The Type J Segment Sub-TLV encodes an IPv6 link-local adjacency with
   local node address, a local interface identifier (Local Interface
   ID), remote IPv6 node address, a remote interface identifier (Remote
   Interface ID), and an optional SRv6 SID.  The format is as follows:






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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     | SR Algorithm  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                 Local Interface ID (4 octets)                 |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                IPv6 Local Node Address (16 octets)          //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                 Remote Interface ID (4 octets)                |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                IPv6 Remote Node Address (16 octets)         //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                SRv6 SID (optional, 16 octets)               //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //     SRv6 Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure (optional)     //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 15

   o  Length is variable.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.12.

   o  SR Algorithm: 1 octet specifying SR Algorithm as described in
      section 3.1.1 in [RFC8402] when A-Flag as defined in
      Section 2.4.4.2.12 is present.  SR Algorithm is used by SRPM as
      described in section 4 in
      [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].  When A-Flag is not
      encoded, this field SHOULD be set to zero on transmission and MUST
      be ignored on receipt.

   o  Local Interface ID: 4 octets of interface index as defined in
      [RFC8664].

   o  IPv6 Local Node Address: a 16 octet IPv6 address.

   o  Remote Interface ID: 4 octets of interface index as defined in
      [RFC8664].  The value MAY be set to zero when the local node
      address and interface identifiers are sufficient to describe the
      link.

   o  IPv6 Remote Node Address: a 16 octet IPv6 address.  The value MAY
      be set to zero when the local node address and interface
      identifiers are sufficient to describe the link.




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   o  SRv6 SID: optional, a 16 octet IPv6 address.

   o  SRv6 Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure: Optional, as defined in
      Section 2.4.4.2.13.

   The TLV 11 defined for the advertisement of Segment Type J in the
   earlier versions of this document has been deprecated to avoid
   backward compatibility issues.

2.4.4.2.11.  Segment Type K

   The Type K Segment Sub-TLV encodes an adjacency local address, an
   adjacency remote address, and an optional SRv6 SID.  The format is as
   follows:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     | SR Algorithm  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //               Local IPv6 Address (16 octets)                //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //               Remote IPv6 Address  (16 octets)              //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                SRv6 SID (optional, 16 octets)               //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //     SRv6 Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure (optional)     //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  Type: 16

   o  Length is variable.

   o  Flags: 1 octet of flags as defined in Section 2.4.4.2.12.

   o  SR Algorithm: 1 octet specifying SR Algorithm as described in
      section 3.1.1 in [RFC8402] when A-Flag as defined in
      Section 2.4.4.2.12 is present.  SR Algorithm is used by SRPM as
      described in section 4 in
      [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].  When A-Flag is not
      encoded, this field SHOULD be set to zero on transmission and MUST
      be ignored on receipt.

   o  Local IPv6 Address: a 16 octet IPv6 address.

   o  Remote IPv6 Address: a 16 octet IPv6 address.



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   o  SRv6 SID: optional, a 16 octet IPv6 address.

   o  SRv6 Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure: Optional, as defined in
      Section 2.4.4.2.13.

   The TLV 12 defined for the advertisement of Segment Type K in the
   earlier versions of this document has been deprecated to avoid
   backward compatibility issues.

2.4.4.2.12.  Segment Flags

   The Segment Types sub-TLVs described above MAY contain the following
   flags in the "Flags" field defined in Section 6.8:

    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |V|A|S|B|       |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

      V-Flag: This flag, when set, is used by SRPM for "SID
      verification" as described in Section 5.1 in
      [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

      A-Flag: This flag, when set, indicates the presence of SR
      Algorithm id in the "SR Algorithm" field applicable to various
      Segment Types.  SR Algorithm is used by SRPM as described in
      section 4 in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

      S-Flag: This flag, when set, indicates the presence of the SR-MPLS
      or SRv6 SID depending on the segment type.

      B-Flag: This flag, when set, indicates the presence of the SRv6
      Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure encoding specified in
      Section 2.4.4.2.13.

      Unused bits in the Flag octet SHOULD be set to zero upon
      transmission and MUST be ignored upon receipt.

   The following applies to the Segment Flags:

   o  V-Flag applies to all Segment Types.

   o  A-Flag applies to Segment Types C, D, I, J, and K.  If A-Flag
      appears with Segment Types A, B, E, F, G, and H, it MUST be
      ignored.




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   o  S-Flag applies to Segment Types C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, and K.  If
      S-Flag appears with Segment Types A or B, it MUST be ignored.

   o  B-Flag applies to Segment Types B, I, J, and K.  If B-Flag appears
      with Segment Types A, C, D, E, F, G, and H, it MUST be ignored.

2.4.4.2.13.  SRv6 SID Endpoint Behavior and Structure

   The Segment Types sub-TLVs described above MAY contain the SRv6
   Endpoint Behavior and SID Structure [RFC8986] encoding as described
   below:

   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |       Endpoint Behavior       |            Reserved           |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |    LB Length  |  LN Length    | Fun. Length   |  Arg. Length  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

      Endpoint Behavior: 2 octets.  It carries the SRv6 Endpoint
      Behavior code point for this SRv6 SID as defined in section 9.2 of
      [RFC8986].  When set with the value 0, the choice of SRv6 Endpoint
      Behavior is left to the headend.

      Reserved: 2 octets of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

      Locator Block Length: 1 octet.  SRv6 SID Locator Block length in
      bits.

      Locator Node Length: 1 octet.  SRv6 SID Locator Node length in
      bits.

      Function Length: 1 octet.  SRv6 SID Function length in bits.

      Argument Length: 1 octet.  SRv6 SID Arguments length in bits.

   The total of the locator block, locator node, function, and argument
   lengths MUST be less than or equal to 128.

2.4.5.  Explicit NULL Label Policy Sub-TLV

   To steer an unlabeled IP packet into an SR policy, it is necessary to
   create a label stack for that packet, and push one or more labels
   onto that stack.





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   The Explicit NULL Label Policy (ENLP) sub-TLV is used to indicate
   whether an Explicit NULL Label [RFC3032] must be pushed on an
   unlabeled IP packet before any other labels.

   If an ENLP Sub-TLV is not present, the decision of whether to push an
   Explicit NULL label on a given packet is a matter of local
   configuration.

   The ENLP sub-TLV is optional and it MUST NOT appear more than once in
   the SR Policy encoding.

   The contents of this sub-TLV are used by the SRPM as described in
   section 4.1 in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

   0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |     Flags     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     ENLP      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Where:

      Type: 14.

      Length: 3.

      Flags: 1 octet of flags.  None are defined at this stage.  Flags
      SHOULD be set to zero on transmission and MUST be ignored on
      receipt.

      RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

      ENLP (Explicit NULL Label Policy): Indicates whether Explicit NULL
      labels are to be pushed on unlabeled IP packets that are being
      steered into a given SR policy.  This field has one of the
      following values:

         0: Reserved.

         1: Push an IPv4 Explicit NULL label on an unlabeled IPv4
         packet, but do not push an IPv6 Explicit NULL label on an
         unlabeled IPv6 packet.






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         2: Push an IPv6 Explicit NULL label on an unlabeled IPv6
         packet, but do not push an IPv4 Explicit NULL label on an
         unlabeled IPv4 packet.

         3: Push an IPv4 Explicit NULL label on an unlabeled IPv4
         packet, and push an IPv6 Explicit NULL label on an unlabeled
         IPv6 packet.

         4: Do not push an Explicit NULL label.

         5 - 255: Reserved.

      The ENLP reserved values may be used for future extensions and
      implementations SHOULD ignore the ENLP Sub-TLV with these values.
      The behavior signaled in this Sub-TLV MAY be overridden by local
      configuration.  The section 4.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy] describes the behavior on
      the headend for the handling of the explicit null label.

2.4.6.  Policy Priority Sub-TLV

   An operator MAY set the Policy Priority sub-TLV to indicate the order
   in which the SR policies are re-computed upon topological change.
   The contents of this sub-TLV are used by the SRPM as described in
   section 2.11 in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

   The Priority sub-TLV is optional and it MUST NOT appear more than
   once in the SR Policy encoding.

   The Priority sub-TLV has following format:

   0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length      |  Priority     |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Where:

      Type: 15

      Length: 2.

      Priority: a 1-octet value.

      RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.




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2.4.7.  Policy Candidate Path Name Sub-TLV

   An operator MAY set the Policy Candidate Path Name sub-TLV to attach
   a symbolic name to the SR Policy candidate path.

   Usage of Policy Candidate Path Name sub-TLV is described in section
   2.6 in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

   The Policy Candidate Path Name sub-TLV may exceed 255 bytes length
   due to a long name.  Therefore a 2-octet length is required.
   According to [RFC9012], the first bit of the sub-TLV codepoint
   defines the size of the length field.  Therefore, for the Policy
   Candidate Path Name sub-TLV, a code point of 128 or higher is used.

   It is RECOMMENDED that the size of the symbolic name for the
   candidate path be limited to 255 bytes.  Implementations MAY choose
   to truncate long names to 255 bytes when signaling via BGP.

   The Policy Candidate Path Name sub-TLV is optional and it MUST NOT
   appear more than once in the SR Policy encoding.

   The Policy Candidate Path Name sub-TLV has following format:

   0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length                      |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //              Policy Candidate Path Name                     //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Where:

      Type: 129.

      Length: Variable.

      RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

      Policy Candidate Path Name: Symbolic name for the SR Policy
      candidate path without a NULL terminator as specified in section
      2.6 of [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].








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2.4.8.  Policy Name Sub-TLV

   An operator MAY set the Policy Name sub-TLV to associate a symbolic
   name with the SR Policy for which the candidate path is being
   advertised via the SR Policy NLRI.

   Usage of Policy Name sub-TLV is described in section 2.1 of
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

   The Policy Name sub-TLV may exceed 255 bytes length due to a long
   policy name.  Therefore a 2-octet length is required.  According to
   [RFC9012], the first bit of the sub-TLV codepoint defines the size of
   the length field.  Therefore, for the Policy Name sub-TLV, a code
   point of 128 or higher is used.

   It is RECOMMENDED that the size of the symbolic name for the SR
   Policy be limited to 255 bytes.  Implementations MAY choose to
   truncate long names to 255 bytes when signaling via BGP.

   The Policy Name sub-TLV is optional and it MUST NOT appear more than
   once in the SR Policy encoding.

   The Policy Name sub-TLV has following format:

   0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Length                      |   RESERVED    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                        Policy Name                          //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Where:

      Type: TBD

      Length: Variable.

      RESERVED: 1 octet of reserved bits.  SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

      Policy Name: Symbolic name for the policy.  It SHOULD be a string
      of printable ASCII characters, without a NULL terminator.








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3.  Color Extended Community

   The Color Extended Community [RFC9012] is used to steer traffic into
   an SR Policy with matching color value.

   Two bits from the Flags field of the Color Extended Community are
   used as follows to support the requirements of Color-Only steering as
   specified in Section 8.8 of [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy]:

                        1
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |C O|        RESERVED           |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


   The CO bits together form the Color-Only Type field which indicates
   the various matching criteria between BGP NH and SR Policy endpoint
   in addition to the matching of the color value.  Following types are
   defined:

   o  Type 0: Specific Endpoint Match: Request match for the endpoint
      that is the BGP NH

   o  Type 1: Specific or Null Endpoint Match: Request match for either
      the endpoint that is the BGP NH or a null endpoint (e.g., like a
      default gateway)

   o  Type 2: Specific, Null or Any Endpoint Match: Request match for
      either the endpoint that is the BGP NH or with a null or any
      endpoint

   o  Type 3: reserved for future use and SHOULD NOT be used.  Upon
      reception, an implementation MUST treat it like Type 0.

   The details of the SR Policy steering mechanisms based on these
   Color-Only types are specified in section 8.8 of
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

4.  SR Policy Operations

   As described in this document, BGP is not the actual consumer of an
   SR Policy NLRI.  BGP is in charge of the origination and propagation
   of the SR Policy NLRI but its installation and use are outside the
   scope of BGP.  The details of SR Policy installation and use are
   specified in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].





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4.1.  Advertisement of SR Policies

   Typically, but not limited to, an SR Policy is computed by a
   controller or a path computation engine (PCE) and originated by a BGP
   speaker on its behalf.

   Multiple SR Policy NLRIs may be present with the same <color,
   endpoint> tuple but with different content when these SR policies are
   intended for different head-ends.

   The distinguisher of each SR Policy NLRI prevents undesired BGP route
   selection among these SR Policy NLRIs and allows their propagation
   across route reflectors [RFC4456].

   Moreover, one or more route target SHOULD be attached to the
   advertisement, where each route target identifies one or more
   intended head-ends for the advertised SR Policy update.

   If no route target is attached to the SR Policy NLRI, then it is
   assumed that the originator sends the SR Policy update directly
   (e.g., through a BGP session) to the intended receiver.  In such
   case, the NO_ADVERTISE community MUST be attached to the SR Policy
   update.

4.2.  Reception of an SR Policy NLRI

   On reception of an SR Policy NLRI, a BGP speaker first determines if
   it is acceptable and then if it is usable.

4.2.1.  Acceptance of an SR Policy NLRI

   When a BGP speaker receives an SR Policy NLRI from a neighbor it MUST
   first, determine if it's acceptable.  The following rules apply in
   addition to the validation described in Section 5:

   o  The SR Policy NLRI MUST include a distinguisher, color and
      endpoint field which implies that the length of the NLRI MUST be
      either 12 or 24 octets (depending on the address family of the
      endpoint).

   o  The SR Policy update MUST have either the NO_ADVERTISE community
      or at least one route target extended community in IPv4-address
      format or both.  If a router supporting this specification
      receives an SR Policy update with no route target extended
      communities and no NO_ADVERTISE community, the update MUST be
      considered as malformed.





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   o  The Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute MUST be attached to the BGP
      Update and MUST have a Tunnel Type TLV set to SR Policy (codepoint
      is 15).

   A router that receives an SR Policy update that is not valid
   according to these criteria MUST treat the update as malformed and
   the SR Policy candidate path MUST NOT be passed to the SRPM.

4.2.2.  Usable SR Policy NLRI

   An SR Policy update that has been determined to be acceptable is
   further evaluated for its usability by the receiving node.

   An SR Policy NLRI update without any route target extended community
   but having the NO_ADVERTISE community is considered usable.

   If one or more route targets are present, then at least one route
   target MUST match the BGP Identifier of the receiver for the update
   to be considered usable.  The BGP Identifier is defined in [RFC4271]
   as a 4 octet IPv4 address.  Therefore, the route target extended
   community MUST be of the same format.

   If one or more route targets are present and none matches the local
   BGP Identifier, then, while the SR Policy NLRI is acceptable, it is
   not usable on the receiver node.

   When the SR Policy tunnel type includes any sub-TLV that is
   unrecognized or unsupported, the update SHOULD NOT be considered
   usable.  An implementation MAY provide an option for ignoring
   unsupported sub-TLVs.

4.2.3.  Passing a usable SR Policy NLRI to the SRPM

   Once BGP on the receiving node has determined that the SR Policy NLRI
   is usable, it passes the SR Policy candidate path to the SRPM.  Note
   that, along with the candidate path details, BGP also passes the
   originator information for breaking ties in the candidate path
   selection process as described in section 2.4 in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].

   When an update for an SR Policy NLRI results in its becoming
   unusable, BGP MUST delete its corresponding SR Policy candidate path
   from the SRPM.

   The SRPM applies the rules defined in section 2 in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy] to determine whether the SR
   Policy candidate path is valid and to select the best candidate path
   among the valid ones for a given SR Policy.



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4.2.4.  Propagation of an SR Policy

   SR Policy NLRIs that have been determined acceptable and valid can be
   evaluated for propagation, even the ones that are not usable.

   SR Policy NLRIs that have the NO_ADVERTISE community attached to them
   MUST NOT be propagated.

   By default, a BGP node receiving an SR Policy NLRI MUST NOT propagate
   it to any EBGP neighbor.  An implementation MAY provide an explicit
   configuration to override this and enable propagation of acceptable
   SR Policy NLRIs to specific EBGP neighbors.

   A BGP node advertises a received SR Policy NLRI to its IBGP neighbors
   according to normal IBGP propagation rules.

   By default, a BGP node receiving an SR Policy NLRI SHOULD NOT remove
   route target extended community before propagation.  An
   implementation MAY provide support for configuration to filter and/or
   remove route target extended community before propagation.

5.  Error Handling

   This section describes the error handling actions, as described in
   [RFC7606], that are to be performed for the handling of BGP update
   messages for BGP SR Policy SAFI.

   A BGP Speaker MUST perform the following syntactic validation of the
   SR Policy NLRI to determine if it is malformed.  This includes the
   validation of the length of each NLRI and the total length of the
   MP_REACH_NLRI and MP_UNREACH_NLRI attributes.

   When the error determined allows for the router to skip the malformed
   NLRI(s) and continue the processing of the rest of the update
   message, then it MUST handle such malformed NLRIs as 'Treat-as-
   withdraw'.  In other cases, where the error in the NLRI encoding
   results in the inability to process the BGP update message (e.g.
   length related encoding errors), then the router SHOULD handle such
   malformed NLRIs as 'AFI/SAFI disable' when other AFI/SAFI besides SR
   Policy are being advertised over the same session.  Alternately, the
   router MUST perform 'session reset' when the session is only being
   used for SR Policy or when it 'AFI/SAFI disable' action is not
   possible.

   The validation of the TLVs/sub-TLVs introduced in this document and
   defined in their respective sub-sections of Section 2.4 MUST be
   performed to determine if they are malformed or invalid.  The
   validation of the Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute itself and the other



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   TLVs/sub-TLVs specified in [RFC9012] MUST be done as described in
   that document.  In case of any error detected, either at the
   attribute or its TLV/sub-TLV level, the "treat-as-withdraw" strategy
   MUST be applied.  This is because an SR Policy update without a valid
   Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute (comprising of all valid TLVs/sub-
   TLVs) is not usable.

   An SR Policy update that is determined to be not acceptable, and
   therefore malformed, based on rules described in Section 4.2.1 MUST
   be handled by the "treat-as-withdraw" strategy.

   The validation of the individual fields of the TLVs/sub-TLVs defined
   in Section 2.4 are beyond the scope of BGP as they are handled by the
   SRPM as described in the individual TLV/sub-TLV sub-sections.  A BGP
   implementation MUST NOT perform semantic verification of such fields
   nor consider the SR Policy update to be invalid or not acceptable/
   usable based on such validation.

   An implementation SHOULD log an error for any errors found during the
   above validation for further analysis.

6.  IANA Considerations

   This document requests codepoint allocations in the following
   existing registries:

   o  Subsequent Address Family Identifiers (SAFI) Parameters registry

   o  BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute Tunnel Types registry under the
      BGP Tunnel Encapsulation registry

   o  BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute sub-TLVs registry under the BGP
      Tunnel Encapsulation registry

   o  Color Extended Community Flags registry under the BGP Tunnel
      Encapsulation registry

   This document also requests the creation of the following new
   registries:

   o  SR Policy Segment List Sub-TLVs under the BGP Tunnel Encapsulation
      registry

   o  SR Policy Binding SID Flags under the BGP Tunnel Encapsulation
      registry

   o  SR Policy Segment Flags under the BGP Tunnel Encapsulation
      registry



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   o  Color Extended Community Color-Only Types registry under the BGP
      Tunnel Encapsulation registry

6.1.  Existing Registry: Subsequent Address Family Identifiers (SAFI)
      Parameters

   This document defines a new SAFI in the registry "Subsequent Address
   Family Identifiers (SAFI) Parameters" that has been assigned a
   codepoint by IANA as follows:

              Codepoint    Description          Reference
              -----------------------------------------------
                 73        SR Policy SAFI       This document

6.2.  Existing Registry: BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute Tunnel Types

   This document defines a new Tunnel-Type in the registry "BGP Tunnel
   Encapsulation Attribute Tunnel Types" that has been assigned a
   codepoint by IANA as follows:

            Codepoint     Description            Reference
            --------------------------------------------------
               15          SR Policy           This document

6.3.  Existing Registry: BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute sub-TLVs

   This document defines new sub-TLVs in the registry "BGP Tunnel
   Encapsulation Attribute sub-TLVs" that has been assigned codepoints
   by IANA as follows via the early allocation process:

       Codepoint         Description                  Reference
       ------------------------------------------------------------
       12        Preference sub-TLV                  This document
       13        Binding SID sub-TLV                 This document
       14        ENLP sub-TLV                        This document
       15        Priority sub-TLV                    This document
       20        SRv6 Binding SID sub-TLV            This document
       128       Segment List sub-TLV                This document
       129       Policy Candidate Path Name sub-TLV  This document
       130       Policy Name sub-TLV                 This document


6.4.  Existing Registry: Color Extended Community Flags

   This document requests allocations in the registry called "Color
   Extended Community Flags" under the "BGP Tunnel Encapsulation"
   registry.




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   The following bits have been assigned by IANA via the early
   allocation process to form the Color-Only Types field:

        Bit
     Position     Description                         Reference
    ------------------------------------------------------------------
      0-1       Color-only Types Field                This document

6.5.  New Registry: SR Policy Segment List Sub-TLVs

   This document requests the creation of a new registry called "SR
   Policy Segment List Sub-TLVs" under the "BGP Tunnel Encapsulation"
   registry.  The allocation policy of this registry is "Standards
   Action" according to [RFC8126].

   Following initial Sub-TLV codepoints are assigned by this document:

           Value   Description                     Reference
           -----------------------------------------------------
             0    Reserved                         This document
             1    Segment Type A sub-TLV           This document
             2    Deprecated                       This document
             3    Segment Type C sub-TLV           This document
             4    Segment Type D sub-TLV           This document
             5    Segment Type E sub-TLV           This document
             6    Segment Type F sub-TLV           This document
             7    Segment Type G sub-TLV           This document
             8    Segment Type H sub-TLV           This document
             9    Weight sub-TLV                   This document
            10    Deprecated                       This document
            11    Deprecated                       This document
            12    Deprecated                       This document
            13    Segment Type B sub-TLV           This document
            14    Segment Type I sub-TLV           This document
            15    Segment Type J sub-TLV           This document
            16    Segment Type K sub-TLV           This document
           17-255 Unassigned


6.6.  New Registry: SR Policy Binding SID Flags

   This document requests the creation of a new registry called "SR
   Policy Binding SID Flags" under the "BGP Tunnel Encapsulation"
   registry.  The allocation policy of this registry is "Standards
   Action" according to [RFC8126].

   The following flags are defined:




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      Bit     Description                               Reference
     -----------------------------------------------------------------
        0     Specified-BSID-Only Flag (S-Flag)         This document
        1     Drop Upon Invalid Flag (I-Flag)           This document
      2-7     Unassigned

6.7.  New Registry: SR Policy SRv6 Binding SID Flags

   This document requests the creation of a new registry called "SR
   Policy SRv6 Binding SID Flags" under the "BGP Tunnel Encapsulation"
   registry.  The allocation policy of this registry is "Standards
   Action" according to [RFC8126].

   The following flags are defined:

      Bit     Description                               Reference
     -----------------------------------------------------------------
        0     Specified-BSID-Only Flag (S-Flag)         This document
        1     Drop Upon Invalid Flag (I-Flag)           This document
        2     SRv6 Endpoint Behavior &
              SID Structure Flag (B-Flag)               This document
      3-7     Unassigned

6.8.  New Registry: SR Policy Segment Flags

   This document requests the creation of a new registry called "SR
   Policy Segment Flags" under the "BGP Tunnel Encapsulation" registry.
   The allocation policy of this registry is "Standards Action"
   according to [RFC8126].

   The following Flags are defined:

     Bit     Description                                Reference
    ------------------------------------------------------------------
       0     Segment Verification Flag (V-Flag)         This document
       1     SR Algorithm Flag (A-Flag)                 This document
       2     SID Specified Flag (S-Flag)                This document
       3     SRv6 Endpoint Behavior &
             SID Structure Flag (B-Flag)                This document
     4-7     Unassigned

6.9.  New Registry: Color Extended Community Color-Only Types

   This document requests the creation of a new registry called "Color
   Extended Community Color-Only Types" under the "BGP Tunnel
   Encapsulation" registry for assignment of codepoints (values 0
   through 3) in the Color-Only Type field of the Color Extended




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   Community Flags field.  The allocation policy of this registry is
   "Standards Action" according to [RFC8126].

   The following types are defined:

         Type  Description                           Reference
        -----------------------------------------------------------
          0    Specific Endpoint Match               This document
          1    Specific or Null Endpoint Match       This document
          2    Specific, Null or Any Endpoint Match  This document
          3    Unallocated & reserved for future     This document

7.  Security Considerations

   The security mechanisms of the base BGP security model apply to the
   extensions described in this document as well.  See the Security
   Considerations section of [RFC4271] for a discussion of BGP security.
   Also, refer to [RFC4272] and [RFC6952] for analysis of security
   issues for BGP.

   The BGP SR Policy extensions specified in this document enable
   traffic engineering and service programming use-cases within the SR
   domain as described in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy].  SR
   operates within a trusted SR domain [RFC8402] and its security
   considerations also apply to BGP sessions when carrying SR Policy
   information.  The SR Policies distributed by BGP are expected to be
   used entirely within this trusted SR domain i.e. within a single AS
   or between multiple AS/domains within a single provider network.
   Therefore, precaution is necessary to ensure that the SR Policy
   information advertised via BGP sessions is limited to nodes in a
   secure manner within this trusted SR domain.  BGP peering sessions
   for address-families other than SR Policy SAFI may be set up to
   routers outside the SR domain.  The isolation of BGP SR Policy SAFI
   peering sessions may be used to ensure that the SR Policy information
   is not advertised by accident or error to an EBGP peering session
   outside the SR domain.

   Additionally, it may be considered that the export of SR Policy
   information, as described in this document, constitutes a risk to
   confidentiality of mission-critical or commercially sensitive
   information about the network (more specifically endpoint/node
   addresses, SR SIDs, and the SR Policies deployed).  BGP peerings are
   not automatic and require configuration; thus, it is the
   responsibility of the network operator to ensure that only trusted
   nodes (that include both routers and controller applications) within
   the SR domain are configured to receive such information.





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8.  Acknowledgments

   The authors of this document would like to thank Shyam Sethuram, John
   Scudder, Przemyslaw Krol, Alex Bogdanov, Nandan Saha, Bruno Decraene,
   Gurusiddesh Nidasesi, Kausik Majumdar, Zafar Ali, Swadesh Agarwal,
   Jakob Heitz, Viral Patel, Peng Shaofu, Cheng Li, Martin Vigoureux,
   and John Scudder for their comments and review of this document.

9.  Contributors

   Eric Rosen
   Juniper Networks
   US

   Email: erosen@juniper.net

   Arjun Sreekantiah
   Cisco Systems
   US

   Email: asreekan@cisco.com

   Acee Lindem
   Cisco Systems
   US

   Email: acee@cisco.com

   Siva Sivabalan
   Cisco Systems
   US

   Email: msiva@cisco.com

   Imtiyaz Mohammad
   Arista Networks
   India

   Email: imtiyaz@arista.com

   Gaurav Dawra
   Cisco Systems
   US

   Email: gdawra.ietf@gmail.com






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   Peng Shaofu
   ZTE Corporation
   China

   Email: peng.shaofu@zte.com.cn

10.  References

10.1.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy]
              Filsfils, C., Talaulikar, K., Voyer, D., Bogdanov, A., and
              P. Mattes, "Segment Routing Policy Architecture", draft-
              ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy-20 (work in progress),
              March 2022.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC3032]  Rosen, E., Tappan, D., Fedorkow, G., Rekhter, Y.,
              Farinacci, D., Li, T., and A. Conta, "MPLS Label Stack
              Encoding", RFC 3032, DOI 10.17487/RFC3032, January 2001,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3032>.

   [RFC4271]  Rekhter, Y., Ed., Li, T., Ed., and S. Hares, Ed., "A
              Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)", RFC 4271,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC4271, January 2006,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4271>.

   [RFC4360]  Sangli, S., Tappan, D., and Y. Rekhter, "BGP Extended
              Communities Attribute", RFC 4360, DOI 10.17487/RFC4360,
              February 2006, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4360>.

   [RFC4760]  Bates, T., Chandra, R., Katz, D., and Y. Rekhter,
              "Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP-4", RFC 4760,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC4760, January 2007,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4760>.

   [RFC7606]  Chen, E., Ed., Scudder, J., Ed., Mohapatra, P., and K.
              Patel, "Revised Error Handling for BGP UPDATE Messages",
              RFC 7606, DOI 10.17487/RFC7606, August 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7606>.







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   [RFC8126]  Cotton, M., Leiba, B., and T. Narten, "Guidelines for
              Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26,
              RFC 8126, DOI 10.17487/RFC8126, June 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8126>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

   [RFC8402]  Filsfils, C., Ed., Previdi, S., Ed., Ginsberg, L.,
              Decraene, B., Litkowski, S., and R. Shakir, "Segment
              Routing Architecture", RFC 8402, DOI 10.17487/RFC8402,
              July 2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8402>.

   [RFC8660]  Bashandy, A., Ed., Filsfils, C., Ed., Previdi, S.,
              Decraene, B., Litkowski, S., and R. Shakir, "Segment
              Routing with the MPLS Data Plane", RFC 8660,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8660, December 2019,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8660>.

   [RFC8664]  Sivabalan, S., Filsfils, C., Tantsura, J., Henderickx, W.,
              and J. Hardwick, "Path Computation Element Communication
              Protocol (PCEP) Extensions for Segment Routing", RFC 8664,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8664, December 2019,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8664>.

   [RFC8754]  Filsfils, C., Ed., Dukes, D., Ed., Previdi, S., Leddy, J.,
              Matsushima, S., and D. Voyer, "IPv6 Segment Routing Header
              (SRH)", RFC 8754, DOI 10.17487/RFC8754, March 2020,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8754>.

   [RFC8986]  Filsfils, C., Ed., Camarillo, P., Ed., Leddy, J., Voyer,
              D., Matsushima, S., and Z. Li, "Segment Routing over IPv6
              (SRv6) Network Programming", RFC 8986,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8986, February 2021,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8986>.

   [RFC9012]  Patel, K., Van de Velde, G., Sangli, S., and J. Scudder,
              "The BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute", RFC 9012,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC9012, April 2021,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9012>.

10.2.  Informational References

   [RFC4272]  Murphy, S., "BGP Security Vulnerabilities Analysis",
              RFC 4272, DOI 10.17487/RFC4272, January 2006,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4272>.




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   [RFC4456]  Bates, T., Chen, E., and R. Chandra, "BGP Route
              Reflection: An Alternative to Full Mesh Internal BGP
              (IBGP)", RFC 4456, DOI 10.17487/RFC4456, April 2006,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4456>.

   [RFC6952]  Jethanandani, M., Patel, K., and L. Zheng, "Analysis of
              BGP, LDP, PCEP, and MSDP Issues According to the Keying
              and Authentication for Routing Protocols (KARP) Design
              Guide", RFC 6952, DOI 10.17487/RFC6952, May 2013,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6952>.

Authors' Addresses

   Stefano Previdi
   Huawei Technologies
   IT

   Email: stefano@previdi.net


   Clarence Filsfils
   Cisco Systems
   Brussels
   BE

   Email: cfilsfil@cisco.com


   Ketan Talaulikar (editor)
   Cisco Systems
   India

   Email: ketant.ietf@gmail.com


   Paul Mattes
   Microsoft
   One Microsoft Way
   Redmond, WA  98052
   USA

   Email: pamattes@microsoft.com


   Dhanendra Jain
   Google

   Email: dhanendra.ietf@gmail.com



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   Steven Lin
   Google

   Email: stevenlin@google.com















































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