LISP Working Group                                             S. Barkai
Internet-Draft                                         B. Fernandez-Ruiz
Intended status: Informational                                  R. Tamir
Expires: September 10, 2022                                   Nexar Inc.
                                                      A. Rodriguez-Natal
                                                                F. Maino
                                                           Cisco Systems
                                                    A. Cabellos-Aparicio
                                                   J. Paillisse Vilanova
                                       Technical University of Catalonia
                                                            D. Farinacci
                                                             lispers.net
                                                           June 16, 2022



 Network-Hexagons: Geolocation Mobility Edge Network Based On LISP
                      draft-ietf-lisp-nexagon-33


Abstract

   Geolocation-Services aggregate data uploaded from vehicles in edge
   compute locations and process it to verified, localized, geospatial
   detection-channels. Channels' updates are used by mobility clients
   for crowed-sourced dynamic mapping and driving applications.
   Geolocation Services are broken to shards (areas), each one delegated
   dynamically to compute locations per road activity. This dynamics
   combined with clients' IP Anchor dynamics causes coherency, context-
   switching, geo-privacy, and service continuity key issues.
   Key issues are resolved using dataflow virtualization, an inline
   indirection between mobility clients and Geolocation Services.
   LISP overlay network-virtualization offers a fully distributed
   dataflow virtualization at the edge networking level. Geolocation
   mobility-network based on LISP is described in this informational.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
   This Internet-Draft will expire on September 10, 2022.

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Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
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   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   3.  Deployment Assumptions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   4.  Mobility Clients-Services Networking . . . . . . .  . . . . .  10
   5.  Mobility Unicast and Multicast  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   6.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   7.  Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
   8.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  30
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  31

1.  Introduction

  Geolocation-Services aggregate data uploaded from vehicles in edge
  compute locations and process it to verified, localized, geospatial
  detection-channels. Channels' updates are used by mobility clients
  for crowed-sourced dynamic mapping and driving applications.
  Geolocation Services are broken to shards (areas) along formal
  geospatial grid lines. These shards are delegated dynamically to
  compute locations per road activity in the geospatial area marked by
  the shard grid lines. This dynamics combined with clients IP Anchors
  dynamics causes key issues:

  - Coherency of (moving) Geolocation IPs cached in driving clients
  - Context-switching between Geolocation shards by driving clients
  - Geo-privacy of clients interacting with Geolocation while driving
  - Channel continuity of clients switching IP Anchors while driving


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  Resolving these key-issues is achievable by dataflow virtualization,
  e.g. addressable inline indirection between clients and services.
  Address virtualization is at the basis of this specification:
  - Algorithmic services addressing based on geospatial grid identifiers
  - Algorithmic clients addressing based on an authorization procedure
  Virtual addressing: LISP routable Endpoint Identifiers (EID).

  Address virtualization applied to Geolocation components:

  - Addressable queues for uploads from mobility clients in vehicles
  - Addressable detection channels subscribed to by mobility clients

  In addition to queues and channels Geolocations Services schematics
  includes also state and functions. Functions are assumed to be readily
  available in all edge compute locations, transient state regenerates.
                     ___
                   /     \
    Addressable >>  States >> Addressable
   Upload Queues   \ ___ /     Channels
         /\      F1()...Fn()      \/

  Figure 1: Geolocation schematics: queues, channels, states, functions

  Dataflow virtualization based on LISP EIDs includes:

    - EID addressing of Geolocation queues based on grid identifiers
    - EID addressing of detection channels, Geolocation sources & topics
    - EID addressing of mobility clients, assigned-renewed periodically

  Services EIDs enable portability of Geolocation queues and channels,
  client EIDs enable channel subscription service continuity, as example
  when mobile carriers are switched for reception or data plan reasons.
  Client EIDs are ephemeral and make it difficult for mobility service
  providers to track clients.

  These mobility EIDs, geospatial for services, temporary for clients,
  allow for dynamic and portable service allocation, algorithmic context
  switching between shards while driving, subscription continuity, and
  protection of IP geo-privacy of mobility clients.




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  Note 1: The breakdown of Geolocations Services to area-shards is done
  based on geospatial grid lines known to both mobility clients and
  Geolocation Services. We use H3 [H3] hierarchical hexagonal grid
  because of its clear shard adjacency properties. Each grid-tile
  in each resolution has a unique 64bit identifier (HID). HIDs are
  mapped to EIDs algorithmically. In addition to shards, the same grid
  at higher resolution (smaller tiles) is used to localize detections.
  We refer to h3.rB as the lower resolution shard big tile, and h3.rS as
  the detection higher resolution small tile.

  Mappings: GPS =>  h3.rS =>  H3.rB => EID are therefore algorithmic.
  Sizeof (h3.rB) / Sizeof (h3.rS) x density-factor / MTU  ~ number of
  messages to convey shard (big tile) state-snapshot (small tiles).

   Off-Peak Hexagon Shards
   Packed on less compute
     _  _    _  _
    / \/ \  / \/ \  ----
    \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----           Peak Geolocation Allocation
    / \/ \  / \/ \  ----    Same hexagonal shards spread on more compute
    \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----       _  _    _  _    _  _    _  _
    / \/ \  / \/ \  ----      / \/ \  / \/ \  / \/ \  / \/ \  ----
    \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----      \_/\_/  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----
    / \/ \  / \/ \  ----      / \/ \  / \/ \  / \/ \  / \/ \  ----
    \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----      \_/\_/  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----
     ^  ^    ^  ^   ^  ^       ^ ^     ^  ^    ^  ^    ^  ^   ^  ^
     Site   Site  Standby     Site    Site    Site    Site  Standby

    Figure 2: Geolocation dynamic allocation per geospatial activity


  Note 2: LISP solution for dataflow virtualization is an application
  network. In order for clients and services to use it there needs to be
  a formal provisioning step. For the clients this step will require
  Authentication Authorization and Accounting (AAA) procedure by which
  clients are assigned and renew EIDs and XTRs to be used to interact
  with services. This process may be done in various vendor specific
  methods, in this document we use a Diameter[RFC6733] AAA service, this
  is meant as life-cycle example in heterogeneous mobility eco-systems.

  Note 3: In order to make the notion of geospatial detection concrete,
  we add to the 64bit HID of "where" is a detection, 64bit of "what" is
  the detection. These 64bits are detailed in a bit-mask of possible
  detections based on a taxonomy defined by Berkeley Deep Drive (BDD)
  consortium [BDD]. It is meant as an immediate interoperable baseline
  that can be extended in additional standard or vendor specifications.

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2. Definition of Terms

  Based on [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6830bis][I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis]

  H3ServiceEID: Is an EID addressable Geolocation Service shard.
     It is a designated destination for geospatial detections,
     and an (S,G) source of multicast of themed detection channels.
     It has a light-weight LISP protocol stack to tunnel packets
     via ServerXTR. The EID is IPv6 and contains HID in the lower bits.

  ServerXTR: Is a data-plane only LISP protocol stack implementation, it
     is co-located with H3ServiceEID process. ServerXTR encapsulates and
     decapsulates packets to and from EdgeRTRs.

  MobilityClient: Is an application that may be a part of a vehicle
     system, part of a navigation application, gov-muni application etc.
     It has light-weight LISP data-plane stack to packets via ClientXTR.

  MobilityClientEID: Is the IPv6 EID used by the Mobility Clients.
     The destination of such packets are H3ServiceEIDs. The EID format
     is assigned as part of the MobilityClient mobility-network AAA.

  ClientXTR: Is a data-plane only LISP protocol stack implementation
     co-located with the Mobility Client application. It encapsulates
     and decapsulates packets to and from EdgeRTRs.

  EdgeRTR: EdgeRTR network connect MobilityClients H3ServiceEIDs.
     They also manage MobilityClients multicast registrations [RFC8378].
     EdgeRTRs aggregate MobilityClients/H3Services using tunnels to
     facilitate hosting-providers and mobile-providers for accessing the
     mobility-network. EdgeRTRs decapsulate packets from ClientXTRs,
     ServerXTRs and re-encapsulates packets to clients and servers via
     tunnels. EdgeRTRs glean H3ServiceEIDs and MobilityClient EIDs when
     they decapsulates packets. EdgeRTRs store H3ServiceEIDs and route-
     locations (RLOC) of where the H3ServiceEID is currently using
     map-cache. Mappings are registered to the LISP mapping system
     [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis].These mappings may be provisioned
     when H3Services are assigned EdgeRTRs. EdgeRTRs do not register
     MobilityClients' EIDs. Enterprises may provide their own EdgeRTRs
     to protect geo-privacy.

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                      h3.rB routed-shards grid tiles
                          ___                                  ___
   H3ServiceEIDs   ___  /     \           H3ServiceEIDs ___  /     \
            ___  /     | h3.rB |                 ___  /     | h3.rB |
          /     | h3.rB \ ___ /                /     | h3.rB \ ___ /
         | h3.rB \ ___ /  sXTR                | h3.rB \ ___ /  sXTR
          \ ___ /  sXTR   ||                   \ ___ /  sXTR    ||
            sXTR   ||     ||                    sXTR     ||     ||
             ||    ||     ||                      ||     ||     ||
             ||    ||     ||                      ||     ||     ||
             = = = = = = EdgeRTR                 EdgeRTR = = = = =
                             ||  ((  ()     ))    ||
                         (     Network Hexagons   )
                       (       Mobility Network    )
                       (       For Geolocation    )
                         ((     Based on LISP   )
                            ||  ((   (())   ()  ||
                            ||                  ||
                = = = = = = =                     = = = = = = =
               ||                                             ||
            EdgeRTR                                         EdgeRTR
           ..    ..                                      ..      ..
          ..       ..                                  ..          ..
  ((((|))))    ((((|))))                         ((((|))))    ((((|))))
     /|\    RAN   /|\                               /|\    RAN   /|\
     ||                                                          ||
     ||                                                          ||
   Uploads Upstream                                              ||
 Channels Downstream                                             ||
     ||                   ___    ___    ___                      ||
     ||   << movment << /     \/     \/     \<<cXTR::MobilityClientB
     || - - - - - - - -  h3.rS  h3.rS  h3.rS - - - - - - - - - - - -
      MobilityClientA::cXTR >> \ ___ /\ ___ / >> movement >> .......

  Figure 3: Geolocation clients and services interaction layout

Figure 3 above describes:

  - MobilityClientA detections used by MobilityClientB, and vice versa
  - Clients: share information via HID=>EID Geolocation Service

  - ClientXTR (cXTR): encapsulates packets over access to EdgeRTR
  - ServerXTR (sXTR): encapsulates packets over edge to EdgeRTR

  - Uploads: routed to appropriate Geolocation Service by EdgeRTRs
  - Channels: originate from Geolocation Services replicated by EdgeRTRs


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3.  Deployment Assumptions

  I. We assume detections can be localized to h3.rS tiles and can be
   enumerated. Compact detection enumeration format is described bellow:

  0       1       2       3       4       5       6       7
  +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
  |-0-|-1-|-2-|-3-|-4-|-5-|-6-|-7-|-8-|-9-|-A-|-B-|-C-|-D-|-E-|-F-|
  |012301230123012301230123 Index  01230123012301230123012301230123
  +---------------------------------------------------------------+

  Figure 4: Nibble based compact representation of tile detection state

  State is 16 fields x 16 enumerations. Nibbles are named using
  hexadecimal index according to the position where the most significant
  nibble has index 0. Values based on (BDD) are defined in section 8.

  II. Authorization of MobilityClients to mobility-network is renewed
  while driving. DNS/AAA procedure described bellow can be used to
  as example to obtain EIDs/EdgeRTRs, enabling use of the network.


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  Diameter [RFC6733] based AAA can be used to accommodate many types
  of mobility clients in a rich eco-system: vehicle systems, driving
  and navigation applications, smart-city and consumer applications.
  Example procedure for ClientXTRs steps to use the mobility-network:

   1) obtain the address of the mobility-network AAA using DNS
   2) obtain MobilityClientEIDs and EdgeRTRs from AAA procedure
   3) renewed periodically from AAA while using the network

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     MobilityClient DomainNameServer  Diameter-AAA  MobilityEdgeRTR
     |                    |                   |                   |
     | nslookup <www.xxx> |                   |                   |
     |------------------->|                   |                   |
     |<-------------------|                   |                   |
     |  Mobility AAA IP   |                   |                   |
     |  [RFC6733]         |                   |                   |
     |  AAR(AVP:IMSI/User/Password/Toyota)    |                   |
     |--------------------------------------->|  [RFC6733]        |
     |                    |                   | ACR(AVP ClientEID)|
     |                    |                   |------------------>|
     |                    |                   |<------------------|
     |                    |                   | ACA(AVP ClientEID)|
     |    AAA (ClientEID,EdgeRTR::RLOC)       |                   |
     |<---------------------------------------|                   |
     |                    |                   |                   |
     .                                                            .
     .        Upload and subscribe to Geolocation Services        .
     .                                                            .
     |                                                            |
     |----------------------------------------------------------->|
     .                                                            .
     .                                                            .
     |<-----------------------------------------------------------|
     |                                                            |
     .                                                            .
     .   Signal freeing multicast Updates from H3ServiceEID       .
     .                                                            .
     |                    |                   |                   |
     |               AAR(temporary)           |                   |
     |--------------------------------------->|   ACR (temporary) |
     |                    |                   |------------------>|
     |                    |                   |<------------------|
     |                    |                   |   ACA (temporary) |
     |<---------------------------------------|                   |
     |               AAA (temporary)          |                   |

  Figure 5: Example DNS and AAA Exchange for mobility-network usage


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4. Mobility Clients-Services Networking

  The mobility-network functions as a standard LISP overlay.
  The overlay delivers unicast and multicast packets across:

   - multiple access-networks access-providers and technologies
   - multiple cloud, edge and metro-area network providers

  We use data-plane XTRs in the stack of each mobility client/server.
  ClientXTRs and ServerXTRs are associated with EdgeRTRs.
  This structure allows for MobilityClients to "show up" at any of
  mobility-network location behind any network provider or network
  address translation domain. It allows for any H3ServiceEID to be
  instantiated, delegated, or failed-over to any compute location.

  In this specification we assume semi-random association between
  ClientXTRs and EdgeRTRs - assigned in the AAA procedure. We assume in
  any given metro edge a pool of EdgeRTRs to distribute the Mobility
  Clients load. We assume EdgeRTRs are topologically equivalent.
  Each EdgeRTR uses LISP to tunnel traffic to and from other EdgeRTRs.

       MobilityClient == ClientXTR       ClientXTR == MobilityClient
    (Encryption and Decryption) ||      || (Encryption and Decryption)
                                ||      ||
                      Mobility-network of EdgeRTRs
                                ||      ||
    (Encryption and Decryption) ||      || (Encryption and Decryption)
         H3ServiceEID == ServerXTR       ServerXTR == H3ServiceEID

  Figure 6: LISP network connecting MobilityClients and H3ServiceEIDs

Note: there may be more than one ClientEID in the same process using the
same ClientXTR. For example multiple layers of map or heads-up display,
Such vendor specific multiplexing implementation is unspecified here.


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5. Mobility Unicast and Multicast

  The day in a life of unicast detection upload:

  1. A client detects condition of interest using AI camera
  2. The client uses its GPS to establish its h3.rS location
  3. It then estimates the h3.rS location of the detection
  4. Detection h3.rS is used to calculate h3.rB => H3ServerEID
  5. Client sends (encrypted) location-detection via its ClientXTR

    Outer Header src/dest: ClientXTR RLOC, EdgeRTR RLOC
    Inner Header src/dest: ClientEID, H3ServiceEID

  6. EdgeRTR gleans and caches ClientEID and ClientXTR RLOC
  7. EdgeRTR resolves RLOC of remote EdgeRTR, and re-tunnels:

    Outer Header src/dest: EdgeRTR RLOC, remote EdgeRTR RLOC
    Inner Header src/dest: ClientEID, H3ServiceEID

  8. Remote EdgeRTR lookups H3ServerEID ServerXTR RLOC, re-tunnels:

    Outer Header src/dest: EdgeRTR RLOC, ServerXTR RLOC
    Inner Header src/dest: ClientEID, H3ServiceEID

  9. ServerXTR delivers ClientEID message to H3ServiceEID

  The detection message headers consist of the following fields:

  - Outer headers size = 40 (IPv6) + 8 (UDP) + 8 (LISP) = 56
  - Inner headers size = 40 (IPv6) + 8 (UDP) + 4 (Nexagon Header) = 52
  - 1500 (MTU) - 56 - 52 = 1392 bytes of effective payload size

  Nexagon Header allows for key-value (kv) tuples or value-key,key
  ..(vkkk) using the same formats of key and value outlined bellow

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+\
|  Type         |gzip |        Reserved         | Pair Count = X|Nexagon
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+/

  Figure 7: Nexagon header format

  Nexagon Header Type 0:reserved (*)
   Type 1:key-value, key-value.. 1392 / (8 + 8) = 87 pairs
   Type 2:value, key,key,key.. (1392 - 8) / 8 = 173 h3.rS IDs
   Type 3-255: unassigned
  Nexagon Header GZIP field: 0x000 no compression, or (**) GZIP version.
  Nexagon Header Reserved bits
  Nexagon Header key and value count (in any format kv or vkkk)

  (*)  Reserved fields are specified as being set to 0 on transmission,
       ignored when received.
  (**) GZIP refers to entire kv or vkkk payload and major GZIP version,
       packets with unsupported GZIP version are dropped

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 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|Version| Traffic Class |           Flow Label                  |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|         Payload Length        |  Next Header  |   Hop Limit   |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                    Source MobilityClientEID                   +  |
|                                                               | IPv6
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                       Dest H3ServiceEID                       +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|       Source Port = xxxx      |       Dest Port = xxxx        | \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ UDP
|           UDP Length          |        UDP Checksum           | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|  Type         |gzip |        Reserved         | Pair Count = X|Nexagon
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit State                            +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit State                            +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

  Figure 8: Uploaded detections packet format

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  Each H3Service is also an IP Multicast Source used to update
  subscribers on the state of the h3.rS tiles in the h3.rB area.
  We use [RFC8378] signal-free multicast to implement overlay channels.
  Mobility-networks have many channels with thousands subscribers each.
  MobilityClients driving through/subscribing to an h3.rB area issue
  group address report based on any mechanism supported by [RFC8378].
  Example report formats are specified in [RFC4604].
  Report messages are encapsulated between ClientXTRs and EdgeRTRs.

  The day in a life of multicast update:

  1. H3ServiceEID determines change or timing requiring an update
  2. H3ServiceEID sends (S,G) update message via its ServerXTR

     Outer Header src/dest: ServerXTR RLOC, EdgeRTR RLOC
     Inner Header (S,G): H3ServerEID, EID chosen for theme

  3. EdgeRTR resolves subscribed remote EdgeRTRs, replicates

     Outer Header src/dest: EdgeRTR RLOC, remote EdgeRTR RLOC
     Inner Header (S,G): H3ServerEID, EID chosen for theme

  4. EdgeRTRs lookups subscribed ClientEIDs ClientXTRs RLOCs, replicates

     Outer Header src/dest: EdgeRTR RLOC, ClientXTR RLOC
     Inner Header (S,G): H3ServerEID, EID chosen for theme

  5. ClientXTR delivers multicast channel update message to clientEID


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  Multicast update packets are of the following structure:

 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|Version| Traffic Class |           Flow Label                  |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|         Payload Length        |  Next Header  |   Hop Limit   |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                      Source H3ServiceEID                   +  |
|                                                               | IPv6
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                          Group Address                        +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|       Source Port = xxxx      |       Dest Port = xxxx        | \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ UDP
|           UDP Length          |        UDP Checksum           | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|                                                               |Nexagon
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
~                            Nexagons Payload                   ~
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

  Figure 9: multicast update packet header

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 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|  Type =   1   |gzip |        Reserved         | Pair Count = X|Nexagon
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit State                            +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit State                            +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

  Figure 10: multicast update payload, key-value, key-value..

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 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|  Type =   2   |gzip |     Reserved            |H3R15 Count = X|Nexagon
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
|                                                               |
+                       64bit State                            +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

 Figure 11: multicast update payload, value, key, key.. for larger areas




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6.  Security Considerations

  The LISP mobility-network is inherently secure and private.
  All information is conveyed to clients using provisioned Geolocation
  Services. MobilityClients receive information only via geospatial
  channels originating at provisioned services, replicated by EdgeRTRs.
  MobilityClients have no indication as to the origin of the raw data.

  In order to be able to use the mobility-network for a given period,
  the mobility clients go through a DNS/AAA stage by which they
  obtain their clientEID identifiers-credentials and the RLOCs of
  EdgeRTRs they may use as gateways to the network.

  This MobilityClient to EdgeRTR interface is the most sensitive from
  privacy and security perspective. The traffic on this interface is
  tunneled, its content may be encrypted between ClientXTR to EdgeRTR.
  Still, the EdgeRTR will know based on headers the client RLOC, and the
  h3.rB area a client engages with services about.

  Enterprises such as vehicle OEMs or carriers can "bring their own"
  EdgeRTRs (BYO_RTR). BYO_RTRs are pre-provisioned to be able to use the
  mapping system and are put on the approved list of the other EdgeRTRs.
  A carrier offering EdgeRTR services on multiaccess edge compute (MEC)
  is optimal for security and also for traffic steering and replication.

  Beyond client to EdgeRTR hop, the mapping system does not hold
  MobilityClientEIDs, and remote EdgeRTRs are only aware of clients
  ephemeral EIDs. When EdgeRTRs register in the mapping for channels,
  they do not register which clients use which EdgeRTR.

  The H3ServiceEIDs decrypt and parse actual h3.rS detections. They also
  consider MobilityClientEID credentials encoded in the client EID and
  assigned by the AAA functions. This helps avoid "fake-news", e.g.
  poorly made or poorly localized detections.

  H3Services are associated with EdgeRTRs, provisioned in the EdgeRTRs
  and in the mapping system.

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  In summary of main risk mitigations for the lisp mobility-network:

  (1) tapping: all communications are through tunnels therefore
  may be encrypted using IP-Sec or other supported point to point
  underlay standards.

  (2) spoofing: it is very hard to guess a MobilityClientEID valid for
  a short period of time. Clients and H3Services EIDs are provisioned
  in EdgeRTRs, Clients using the AAA procedure, H3Services via dev-ops.

  (3) credibility: the interface crowd-sources geo-state and does not
  assume to trust single detections. Credit history track to
  MobilityClientEIDs by as part of normal H3Services fact checking,
  aggregate scores affect AAA credentials.

  (4) privacy: Only EdgeRTRs are aware of both clients' RLOC and
  geo-location, only AAA is aware of client IDs credentials and credit
  but not geo-location. Aggregate credit score span all H3Services
  administratively without source.


7.  Acknowledgments

  We would like to kindly thank Joel Halperin for helping structure the
  AAA section and Geo-Privacy provisions, Luigi Lannone for promoting
  such LISP Compute First Networking (CFN) use-cases, helping structure
  the IANA section, and shepherding this draft to completion. We would
  like to thank George Ericson for help clarifying Geolocation Services
  terminology through joint work on the AECC specifications and papers,
  and Lei Zhong for mobility dataflow virtualization terminology.

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8.  IANA Considerations

This section provides guidance to the Internet Assigned Numbers
Authority (IANA) regarding registration of values related to the LISP
specification, in accordance with BCP 26 [RFC8126].
IANA is asked to create a registry named NEXAGON Parameters.
Such registry should be populated with the following sub registries.

Nexagon Header Bits
+----------+------------------+----------+---------------------------+
| Spec     | IANA Name        | Bit      | Description               |
| Name     |                  | Position |                           |
+----------+------------------+----------+---------------------------+
| Type     | nexagon-type     | 0-7      | Type of key-value encoding|
| gzip     | nexagon-gzip     | 8-10     | gzip major version used   |
| PairCount| nexagon-paircount| 24-31    | key-value pair count      |
+----------+------------------+----------+---------------------------+

State Enumeration Field 0x0: Traffic Direction:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Lane North         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Lane North + 30    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Lane North + 60    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Lane North + 90    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | Lane North + 120   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | Lane North + 150   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Lane North + 180   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | Lane North + 210   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Lane North + 240   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Lane North + 270   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | Lane North + 300   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | Lane North + 330   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Junction           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Shoulder           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Sidewalk           | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x1: Persistent Condition:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Pothole Light      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Pothole Deep       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Speed-bump Low     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Speed-bump High    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | Icy                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | Flooded            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Snow-cover         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | Deep Snow          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Cone               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Gravel             | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | Choppy             | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | Blind-Curve        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Steep              | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Low-bridge         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Other              | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x2: Transient Condition:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Jaywalker          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Bike or Scooter    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Stopped Vehicle    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Moving on Shoulder | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | First Responder    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | Sudden Slowdown    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Oversize Vehicle   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | Light/Sign Breach  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Collision Light    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Collision Severe   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | Collision Debris   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | Collision Course   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Vehicle Hard Brake | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Vehicle Sharp Turn | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Freed-up Parking   | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x3: Traffic-light Counter:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | 1 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | 2 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | 3 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | 4 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | 5 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | 6 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | 7 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | 8 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | 9 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | 10 Second to Green | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | 20 Second to Green | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | 30 Second to Green | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | 60 Second to Green | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Green Now          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Red Now            | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x4: Impacted Tile:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Epicenter          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | 2 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | 3 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | 4 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | 5 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | 6 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | 7 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | 8 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | 9 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | 10 Tiles Away      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | 20 Tiles Away      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | 30 Tiles Away      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | 60 Tiles Away      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | <100 Tiles Away    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | <200 Tiles Away    | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x5: Expected Duration:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Next 1 Second      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Next 5 Seconds     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Next 10 Seconds    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Next 20 Seconds    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | Next 40 Seconds    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | Next 60 Seconds    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Next 2 Minutes     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | Next 3 Minutes     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Next 4 Minutes     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Next 5 Minutes     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | Next 10 Minutes    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | Next 15 Minutes    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Next 30 Minutes    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Next 60 Minutes    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Next 24 Hours      | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x6: Lane Right Sign:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Yield              | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Speed Limit        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Straight Only      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | No Straight        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | Right Only         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | No Right           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Left Only          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | No Left            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Right Straight     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Left Straight      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | No U Turn          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | No Left or U       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Bike Lane          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | HOV Lane           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Stop               | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x7: Movement Sign:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Keep Right         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Keep Left          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Stay in Lane       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Do Not Enter       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | No Trucks          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | No Bikes           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | No Peds            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | One Way            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Parking            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | No Parking         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | No Standing        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | No Passing         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Loading Zone       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Rail Crossing      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | School Zone        | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x8: Curves & Intersections:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Turns Left         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Turns Right        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Curves Left        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Curves Right       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | Reverses Left      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | Reverses Right     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Winding Road       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | Hair Pin           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Pretzel Turn       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Cross Roads        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | Cross T            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | Cross Y            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Circle             | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Lane Ends          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Road Narrows       | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x9: Tile Traffic Speed:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | < 1 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | < 2 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | < 3 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | < 4 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | < 5 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | < 6 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | < 7 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | < 8 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | < 9 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | < 10 m/sec         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | < 20 m/sec         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | < 30 m/sec         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | < 40 m/sec         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | < 50 m/sec         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | > 50 m/sec         | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0xA: Pedestrian Curb Density:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | 100%               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | 95%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | 90%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | 85%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | 80%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | 70%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | 60%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | 50%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | 40%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | 30%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | 20%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | 15%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | 10%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | 5%                 | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | No Peds            | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

State enumeration fields 0xB, 0xC, 0xD, 0xE, 0xF, are unassigned.
IANA can assign them on a "First Come First Served" basis
according to [RFC8126].


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9.  Normative References


  [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6830bis]
            Farinacci, D., Fuller, V., Meyer, D., Lewis, D., and A.
              Cabellos-Aparicio, "The Locator/ID Separation Protocol
              (LISP)", draft-ietf-lisp-rfc6830bis-38 (work in progress),
              May 2020.

  [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis]
            Farinacci, D., Maino, F., Fuller, V., and A. Cabellos,
              "Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP) Control-Plane",
              draft-ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis-31 (work in progress), May
              2020.

  [RFC4604]  Holbrook, H., Cain, B., and B. Haberman, "Using Internet
              Group Management Protocol Version 3 (IGMPv3) and Multicast
              Listener Discovery Protocol Version 2 (MLDv2) for Source-
              Specific Multicast", RFC 4604, DOI 10.17487/RFC4604,
              August 2006, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4604>.

  [RFC6733]  Fajardo, V., Ed., Arkko, J., Loughney, J., and G. Zorn,
              Ed., "Diameter Base Protocol", RFC 6733,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6733, October 2012,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6733>.

  [RFC8126]  Cotton, M., Leiba, B., Narten, T., "Guidelines for
              Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", RFC8126,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8126, June 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8126>.

  [RFC8378]  Farinacci, D., Moreno, V., "Signal-Free Locator/ID
              Separation Protocol (LISP) Multicast", RFC8378,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8378, May 2018,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8378>.

  [H3]       Uber Technologies Inc. [n.d.]. H3: Ubers Hexagonal
              Hierarchical Spatial Index, May 2021,
              <https://eng.uber.com/h3>.

  [BDD]      Fisher Yu, Wenqi Xian, Yingying Chen, Fangchen Liu, Mike
              Liao, Vashisht Madhavan, and Trevor Darrell. BDD100K: A
              diverse driving video database with scalable annotation
              tooling. arXiv:1805.04687, 2018. 2, 3
              <https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1805.04687>

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Authors' Addresses


   Sharon Barkai
   Nexar
   CA
   USA

   Email: sbarkai@gmail.com


   Bruno Fernandez-Ruiz
   Nexar
   London
   UK

   Email: b@getnexar.com


   Rotem Tamir
   Nexar
   Israel

   rotemtamir@getnexar.com


   Alberto Rodriguez-Natal
   Cisco Systems
   170 Tasman Drive
   San Jose, CA
   USA

   Email: natal@cisco.com


   Fabio Maino
   Cisco Systems
   170 Tasman Drive
   San Jose, CA
   USA

   Email: fmaino@cisco.com

Barkai, et al.          Expires September 10, 2022             [Page 31]


Internet-Draft                    LISP                         June 2022

   Albert Cabellos-Aparicio
   Technical University of Catalonia
   Barcelona
   Spain

   Email: acabello@ac.upc.edu


   Jordi Paillisse-Vilanova
   Technical University of Catalonia
   Barcelona
   Spain

   Email: jordip@ac.upc.edu


   Dino Farinacci
   lispers.net
   San Jose, CA
   USA

   Email: farinacci@gmail.com

   Barkai, et al.          Expires September 10, 2022          [Page 32]