DNS Query Name Minimisation to Improve Privacy
draft-ietf-dnsop-rfc7816bis-01
Network Working Group S. Bortzmeyer
Internet-Draft AFNIC
Obsoletes: 7816 (if approved) P. Hoffman
Intended status: Standards Track ICANN
Expires: March 26, 2019 September 22, 2018
DNS Query Name Minimisation to Improve Privacy
draft-ietf-dnsop-rfc7816bis-01
Abstract
This document describes techniques called "QNAME minimisation" to
improve DNS privacy, where the DNS resolver no longer always sends
the full original QNAME to the upstream name server. This document
obsoletes RFC 7816.
This document is part of the IETF DNSOP (DNS Operations) Working
Group. The source of the document, as well as a list of open issues,
is at <https://framagit.org/bortzmeyer/rfc7816-bis>
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
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This Internet-Draft will expire on March 26, 2019.
Copyright Notice
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document authors. All rights reserved.
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Internet-Draft QNAME Minimisation September 2018
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction and Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. General Description of QNAME Minimisation . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1. Algorithm to Perform Aggressive Method QNAME Minimisation 5
3. Operational Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4. Performance Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5. Alternative Methods for QNAME Minimisation . . . . . . . . . 9
6. Results of the Experimentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
8. Implementation Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Changes from RFC 7816 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1. Introduction and Background
The problem statement for this document and its predecessor [RFC7816]
is described in [I-D.bortzmeyer-dprive-rfc7626-bis]. The terminology
("QNAME", "resolver", etc.) is defined in
[I-D.ietf-dnsop-terminology-bis]. This specific solution is not
intended to fully solve the DNS privacy problem; instead, it should
be viewed as one tool amongst many.
QNAME minimisation follows the principle explained in Section 6.1 of
[RFC6973]: the less data you send out, the fewer privacy problems
you have.
Before QNAME minimisation, when a resolver received the query "What
is the AAAA record for www.example.com?", it sent to the root
(assuming a resolver whose cache is empty) the very same question.
Sending the full QNAME to the authoritative name server was a
tradition, not a protocol requirement. In a conversation with the
author in January 2015, Paul Mockapetris explained that this
tradition comes from a desire to optimise the number of requests,
when the same name server is authoritative for many zones in a given
name (something that was more common in the old days, where the same
name servers served .com and the root) or when the same name server
is both recursive and authoritative (something that is strongly
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