DNS Privacy Considerations
draft-ietf-dprive-rfc7626-bis-00

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dprive                                                     S. Bortzmeyer
Internet-Draft                                                     AFNIC
Obsoletes: 7626 (if approved)                               S. Dickinson
Intended status: Informational                                Sinodun IT
Expires: January 9, 2020                                    July 8, 2019

                       DNS Privacy Considerations
                    draft-ietf-dprive-rfc7626-bis-00

Abstract

   This document describes the privacy issues associated with the use of
   the DNS by Internet users.  It is intended to be an analysis of the
   present situation and does not prescribe solutions.  This document
   obsoletes RFC 7626.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

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   This Internet-Draft will expire on January 9, 2020.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2019 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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Bortzmeyer & Dickinson   Expires January 9, 2020                [Page 1]
Internet-Draft         DNS Privacy Considerations              July 2019

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Risks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.1.  The Alleged Public Nature of DNS Data . . . . . . . . . .   5
     2.2.  Data in the DNS Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
       2.2.1.  Data in the DNS payload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     2.3.  Cache Snooping  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     2.4.  On the Wire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
       2.4.1.  Unencrypted Transports  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
       2.4.2.  Encrypted Transports  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     2.5.  In the Servers  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
       2.5.1.  In the Recursive Resolvers  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
       2.5.2.  In the Authoritative Name Servers . . . . . . . . . .  12
       2.5.3.  Rogue Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       2.5.4.  Authentication of servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       2.5.5.  Blocking of services  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     2.6.  Re-identification and Other Inferences  . . . . . . . . .  14
     2.7.  More Information  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   3.  Actual "Attacks"  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   4.  Legalities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   5.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   6.  Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   7.  Changelog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   8.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
     8.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
     8.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
     8.3.  URIs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22

1.  Introduction

   This document is an analysis of the DNS privacy issues, in the spirit
   of Section 8 of [RFC6973].

   The Domain Name System is specified in [RFC1034], [RFC1035], and many
   later RFCs, which have never been consolidated.  It is one of the
   most important infrastructure components of the Internet and often
   ignored or misunderstood by Internet users (and even by many
   professionals).  Almost every activity on the Internet starts with a
   DNS query (and often several).  Its use has many privacy implications
   and this is an attempt at a comprehensive and accurate list.

   Let us begin with a simplified reminder of how the DNS works.  (See
   also [RFC8499]) A client, the stub resolver, issues a DNS query to a