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Profiles for Traffic Engineering (TE) Topology Data Model and Applicability to non-TE-centric Use Cases
draft-ietf-teas-te-topology-profiles-06

Document Type Active Internet-Draft (teas WG)
Authors Italo Busi , Xufeng Liu , Igor Bryskin , Tarek Saad , Oscar Gonzalez de Dios
Last updated 2026-07-05
Replaces draft-busi-teas-te-topology-profiles
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draft-ietf-teas-te-topology-profiles-06
TEAS Working Group                                               I. Busi
Internet-Draft                                                    Huawei
Intended status: Informational                                    X. Liu
Expires: 6 January 2027                                       I. Bryskin
                                                              Individual
                                                                 T. Saad
                                                       Cisco Systems Inc
                                                     O. Gonzalez de Dios
                                                              Telefonica
                                                             5 July 2026

     Profiles for Traffic Engineering (TE) Topology Data Model and
               Applicability to non-TE-centric Use Cases
                draft-ietf-teas-te-topology-profiles-06

Abstract

   This document describes how profiles of the Topology YANG data model,
   defined in RFC8795, can be used to address applications in Traffic
   Engineering aware (TE-aware) deployments, irrespective of whether
   they are TE-centric or not.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
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   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on 6 January 2027.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2026 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
   license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.

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   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
   and restrictions with respect to this document.  Code Components
   extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
   described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
   provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Examples of generic profiles  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.1.  Multi-domain Links Discovery  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.2.  Administrative and Operational status management  . . . .   6
     2.3.  Overlay and Underlay Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
       2.3.1.  Supporting relationships in RFC8345 . . . . . . . . .   8
     2.4.  Nodes with switching limitations  . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     2.5.  Multipoint links  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   3.  Technology-specific augmentations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     3.1.  Multi-inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
     3.2.  Example (Link augmentation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   4.  Implementation Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
     4.1.  ACTN multi-vendor interoperability tests  . . . . . . . .  18
     4.2.  ETSI Plugtests  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
   5.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   6.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
     Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
     Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   Contributors  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22

1.  Introduction

   Many network scenarios are being discussed in various IETF Working
   Groups (WGs) that are not classified as "Traffic Engineering" use
   cases but can be addressed by a profile (sub-set) of the Topology
   YANG data model, defined in [RFC8795].

   Traffic Engineering (TE) is defined in [RFC9522] as aspects of
   Internet network engineering that deal with the issues of performance
   evaluation and performance optimization of operational IP networks.
   TE encompasses the application of technology and scientific
   principles to the measurement, characterization, modeling, and
   control of Internet traffic.

   According to section 1.2 of [RFC9522]:

      The key elements required in any TE solution are as follows:

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      1.  Policy

      2.  Path steering

      3.  Resource management

      Some TE solutions rely on these elements to a lesser or greater
      extent.  Debate remains about whether a solution can truly be
      called "TE" if it does not include all of these elements.  For the
      sake of this document, we assert that all TE solutions must
      include some aspects of all of these elements.  Other solutions
      can be classed as "partial TE" and also fall in scope of this
      document.

   As a consequence, the line between what is TE and what is not TE is
   quite blurred.

   The Topology YANG data model, defined in [RFC8795], augments the
   Network Topology YANG data model, defined in [RFC8345], with generic
   and technology-agnostic features that are not only applicable to TE-
   centric deployments, but also applicable to non-TE-centric yet TE-
   aware deployments.

   A TE-aware deployment is one where the topology carries information
   that can be used to influence how traffic can be engineered within
   the network.  In some scenarios, this information can be leveraged
   even in use cases where traffic doesn't need to be engineered.

   Examples of generic TE-aware features that can apply to both TE-
   centric and non-TE-centric use-cases are: inter-domain link discovery
   (plug-id), geo-localization, multi-layer topology representation,
   node-specific switching limitation, link reliability, and topology
   abstraction.

   It is also worth noting that also the boundary between the TE-
   specific model constructs and the core network topology model
   constructs is also blurred since new applications may need to
   leverage on constructs which was originally defined to support TE-
   centric scenarios but that are also needed to support these new
   applications.

   An example of a concept that originated from TE-centric scenarios but
   can be considered a core network topology model construct is the
   SRLG.  New applications such as what-if analysis need to be aware of
   the SRLG information also for non-TE-centric scenarios to provide
   reliable results.

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   It is also worth noting that the Topology YANG data model, defined in
   [RFC8795], is quite an extensive and comprehensive model in which
   most features are optional.  Therefore, even though the full model
   appears to be complex, at the first glance, a profile (sub-set) of
   the model can be used to address specific scenarios irrespective of
   whether they are TE-centric or not.

   The implementation of profiles can simplify and expedite adoption of
   the Topology YANG data model, defined [RFC8795], and allow for its
   reuse even for non-TE-centric use-cases.  The key question is whether
   all or some of the attributes defined in the Topology YANG data
   model, defined in [RFC8795], are needed to address a given network
   scenario.

   Section 2 provides examples where profiles of the Topology YANG data
   model, defined in [RFC8795], can be used to address some generic use
   cases applicable to both TE-centric and non-TE-centric deployments.

   Understanding that these profiles are generic would be more
   straightforward if the profiled YANG data nodes where defined under a
   container with a different name than 'te' or directly under the
   parent YANG data node.  However, the 'te' container in the context of
   [RFC8795], should be understood as the container of YANG data nodes
   providing TE-aware topology information.

2.  Examples of generic profiles

2.1.  Multi-domain Links Discovery

   The following profile of the Topology YANG data model, defined in
   [RFC8795], can be used to support the inter-domain link discovery:

      module: ietf-te-topology
        augment /nw:networks/nw:network/nw:network-types:
          +--rw te-topology!
        augment /nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/nt:termination-point:
          +--rw te-tp-id?   te-types:te-tp-id
          +--rw te!
             +--rw admin-status?
             |       te-types:te-admin-status
             +--rw inter-domain-plug-id?        binary
             +--ro oper-status?                 te-types:te-oper-status

                   Figure 1: Inter-domain Link Discovery

   It is also worth noting that the inter-domain links can also be TE
   (e.g. an OTN link) or non-TE (e.g., an Ethernet link) as well as
   multi-function links, supporting both TE and non-TE technologies,

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   such as the links, described in Section 4.4 of
   [I-D.ietf-ccamp-transport-nbi-app-statement], which can be configured
   either OTN or Ethernet or SDH link.

   The profiled YANG data model shown in Figure 1 can also be used with
   technology-specific augmentations, as described in Section 3.
   Technology-specific augmentations can for example describe the
   capability of the TP to be support different types of services (e.g.,
   L2VPN/L3VPN).

   For example, in [I-D.ietf-ccamp-eth-client-te-topo-yang], the eth-svc
   container is defined to represent the capabilities of the Termination
   Point (TP) to be configured as an Ethernet link, together with the
   Ethernet classification and VLAN operations supported by that TP.

   The [I-D.ietf-ccamp-otn-topo-yang] provides another example, where:

   *  the client-svc container is defined to represent the capabilities
      of the TP to be configured as an transparent client TP (e.g., STM-
      N, Fiber Channel or transparent Ethernet);

   *  the OTN technology-specific Link Termination Point (LTP)
      augmentations are defined to represent the capabilities of the TP
      to be configured as an OTN link, together with the information
      about OTN label and bandwidth availability at the OTN inter-domain
      link.

   The profiled YANG data model shown in Figure 1 does not require the
   network to be a TE network and, therefore, it could be used as a core
   network topology model to discover any inter-domain link for TE and
   non-TE networks as well as multi-layer networks encompassing both TE
   and non-TE layers.

   The advantages of using the profiled YANG data model shown in
   Figure 1 as a core network topology model is to have a common
   solutions for:

   *  discovering inter-domain links, which is applicable to any
      technology (TE or non TE) used at the inter-domain links or within
      the network;

   *  modelling non TE inter-domain links, such as Ethernet, and TE
      inter-domain links such as OTN, as well as inter-domain links
      which can configured as TE or non-TE (e.g., being configured as
      either Ethernet or OTN link).

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2.2.  Administrative and Operational status management

   The following profile of the Topology YANG data model, defined in
   [RFC8795], can be used to manage the administrative and operational
   for nodes, termination points and links as well as to associate some
   administrative names to network topologies, nodes, termination points
   and links:

      module: ietf-te-topology
        augment /nw:networks/nw:network/nw:network-types:
          +--rw te-topology!
        augment /nw:networks/nw:network:
          +--rw te-topology-identifier
          |  +--rw provider-id?   te-global-id
          |  +--rw client-id?     te-global-id
          |  +--rw topology-id?   te-topology-id
          +--rw te!
             +--rw name?                     string
        augment /nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node:
          +--rw te-node-id?   te-types:te-node-id
          +--rw te!
             +--rw te-node-attributes
             |  +--rw admin-status?          te-types:te-admin-status
             |  +--rw name?                  string
             +--ro oper-status?              te-types:te-oper-status
        augment /nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link:
          +--rw te!
             +--rw te-link-attributes
             |  +--rw name?                  string
             |  +--rw admin-status?          te-types:te-admin-status
             +--ro oper-status?              te-types:te-oper-status
        augment /nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/nt:termination-point:
          +--rw te-tp-id?   te-types:te-tp-id
          +--rw te!
             +--rw admin-status?             te-types:te-admin-status
             +--rw name?                     string
             +--ro oper-status?              te-types:te-oper-status

        Figure 2: Generic Topology with admin and operational state

2.3.  Overlay and Underlay Topologies

   The following profile of the Topology YANG data model, defined in
   [RFC8795], can be used to manage the overlay/underlay relationships
   for nodes and links, as described in section 5.8 of [RFC8795]:

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      module: ietf-te-topology
        augment /nw:netorks/nw:network/nw:network-types:
          +--rw te-topology!
        augment /nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node:
          +--rw te-node-id?   te-types:te-node-id
          +--rw te!
             +--rw te-node-attributes
                +--rw underlay-topology {te-topology-hierarchy}?
                   +--rw network-ref? -> /nw:networks/network/network-id
        augment /nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link:
          +--rw te!
             +--rw te-link-attributes
                +--rw underlay {te-topology-hierarchy}?
                   +--rw enabled?                     boolean
                   +--rw primary-path
                      +--rw network-ref?
                      |       -> /nw:networks/network/network-id
                      +--rw path-element* [path-element-id]
                         +--rw path-element-id              uint32
                         +--rw (type)?
                            +--:(numbered-link-hop)
                            |  +--rw numbered-link-hop
                            |     +--rw link-tp-id    te-tp-id
                            |     +--rw hop-type?     te-hop-type
                            |     +--rw direction?    te-link-direction
                            +--:(unnumbered-link-hop)
                               +--rw unnumbered-link-hop
                                  +--rw link-tp-id    te-tp-id
                                  +--rw node-id       te-node-id
                                  +--rw hop-type?     te-hop-type
                                  +--rw direction?    te-link-direction

        Figure 3: Generic Topology with overlay/underlay information

   The advantages of using the underlay/overlay network profiled YANG
   data model shown in Figure 3 as a core network topology model is to
   have a common solutions for navigating between overlay/underlay
   network topologies where:

   *  both the underlay and overlay network topologies are TE networks;

   *  both the underlay and overlay network topologies are non-TE
      networks;

   *  the underlay and overlay network topologies are TE and non-TE
      networks;

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   *  the underlay or the overlay network topology is a multi-layer
      network encompassing both TE and non-TE layers.

2.3.1.  Supporting relationships in RFC8345

   [RFC8345] defines the modeling constructs for supporting relations,
   including supporting network (i.e. topology), supporting node,
   supporting link, and supporting termination point.  These relation
   constructs facilitate network mappings and transformations.  One use
   case is to map a customized topology to a native topology.  The
   customized topology uses different name spaces from the native
   topology when naming nodes, links, or termination points.  There is a
   supporting relationship between a modeling construct in the
   customized topography to its counterpart in the native topology.  In
   such a relationship, the modeling constructs at both ends represent
   the same type of network objects, which can be network (i.e.
   topology), node, link, or termination point.

   [RFC8795] defines the modeling constructs for network overlay and
   underlay relations.  When the network overlay technology is used,
   some network objects (nodes or links) in the overlay network are
   built on top of network objects in the underlay network.  As a
   result, the overlay-underlay relationship is created between network
   objects in the overlay networks and other network objects in the
   underlay network.  Between the network object pairs in the overlay-
   underlay relationship, the types of the network objects are usually
   not the same.  The network object can be a node in the overlay
   network, while the related underlay network object is a topology in
   the underlay network.  A link in the overlay network can be related
   to a path that consists of a sequence of nodes and links in the
   underlay network.

2.4.  Nodes with switching limitations

   It is worth noting that a node, as defined in [RFC8345], does not
   provide any information about the possible connectivity between its
   TPs.

   A node can have some switching limitations where connectivity is not
   possible between all its TP pairs, for example when:

   *  the node represents a physical device with switching limitations;

   *  the node represents an abstraction of a network topology.

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   The following profile of the Topology YANG data model, defined in
   [RFC8795], can be used for the management of nodes with switching
   limitations by defining the node connectivity matrix to represent
   feasible connections between termination points across the nodes:

      module: ietf-te-topology
        augment /nw:networks/nw:network/nw:network-types:
          +--rw te-topology!
        augment /nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node:
          +--rw te-node-id?   te-types:te-node-id
          +--rw te!
             +--rw te-node-attributes
                +--rw connectivity-matrices
                   +--rw number-of-entries?     uint16
                   +--rw is-allowed?            boolean
                   +--rw connectivity-matrix* [id]
                      +--rw id                  uint32
                      +--rw from
                      |  +--rw tp-ref?               leafref
                      +--rw to
                      |  +--rw tp-ref?               leafref
                      +--rw is-allowed?              boolean

          Figure 4: Generic Topology with connectivity constraints

2.5.  Multipoint links

   According to Section 4.4.4 of [RFC8345], multipoint links can be
   "represented through pseudonodes (similar to IS-IS, for example)".

   Each access point can have different directionality with respect to
   the multipoint link, as shown in Figure 5:

   *  an access point of a multipoint link can be able to both transmit
      and receive traffic: this access point can be modelled as a TP
      (e.g., TP A in Figure 5) terminating two links, one incoming link
      (e.g., Link 1 in Figure 5) and one outgoing link (e.g., Link 2 in
      Figure 5);

   *  an access point of a multipoint link can be able only to receive
      traffic: this access point can be modelled as a TP (e.g., TP B in
      Figure 5) with only one incoming link (e.g., Link 3 in Figure 5);

   *  an access point of a multipoint link can be able only to transmit
      traffic: this access point can be modelled as a TP (e.g., TP C in
      Figure 5) with only one outgoing link (e.g., Link 4 in Figure 5).

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                           |
                           |  Link3
                           |
                           V
                          +-+
                         /   \
                        |  B  |
                         \   /
                 +--------+-+--------+
                /                     \
               +                       +
               |                       |
               |                       |
     Link 2    |                       |       Link 4
           +-+ |                       | +-+
          /   \|                       |/   \
    ---->+     |                       |     +
         +  B  |       Psedonode       |  C  +----->
    <----+     |                       |     +
          \   /|                       |\   /
           +-+ |                       | +-+
     Link 1    |                       |
               |                       |
               |                       |
               +                       +
                \                     /
                 +-------------------+

       Figure 5: Example of a pseudonode modelling a multipoint link

   The switching limitations of the pseudonode, as defined in
   Section 2.4, provides sufficient information to identify the type of
   multipoint link:

   *  in case of multipoint links, the connectivity matrix of the
      pseudnode, reports that connectivity is enabled by default between
      all the TPs of the node;

   *  in case of point-to-multipoint links, the connectivity matrix of
      the pseudnode, reports that connectivity is possible only between
      the root TP and the leaf TPs

      -  if the point-to-multipoint link is bidirectional, the
         connectivity matrix of the pseudonodes reports that
         connectivity is possible from the root TP to the leaf TPs as
         well as from the leaf TPs to the root TP;

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      -  the connectivity matrix of the psuedonode can also describe
         point-to-multipoint links with more than one root (also known
         as rooted-multipoint links), indicating also whether
         connectivity between root TPs is allowed or not;

   *  in case of hybrid multipoint links, as defined in
      [I-D.ietf-nmop-simap-concept], the connectivity matrix of the
      pseunode reports the list of TP pairs for which connectivity is
      allowed or not allowed.

   It is worth noting that the directionality of the access point of a
   multipoint link overrides the switching limitations of the
   pseudonode.  For example, even if the connectivity matrix of the
   psuedonode in Figure 5 indicates that connectivity is possible
   between TP A and TP B, the traffic entering the pseudonode from TP A
   cannot be transmitted by TP B since there is no outgoing link from TP
   B.

   Therefore, the connectivity matrix of a pseudonode modelling a point-
   to-multipoint unidirectional link, does not need to report that
   connectivity is only possible from the root TP to the leaf TPs but it
   can report that connectivity is possible by default between all the
   TPs of the node.  The pseudonode represents a point-to-multipoint
   unidirectional link, as indicated by a single root TP that can only
   receive traffic and one or more leaf TPs that can only transmit
   traffic.

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                           |
                           |  Link1
                           |
                           V
                          +-+
                         /   \
                        |  A  |
                         \   /
                 +--------+-+--------+
                /                     \
               +                       +
               |                       |
               |                       |
     Link 2    |                       |       Link 3
           +-+ |                       | +-+
          /   \|                       |/   \
         +     |                       |     +
    <----+  B  |       Psedonode       |  C  +----->
         +     |                       |     +
          \   /|                       |\   /
           +-+ |                       | +-+
               |                       |
               |                       |
               |                       |
               +                       +
                \                     /
                 +-------------------+

        Figure 6: Example of a pseudonode modelling an undirectional
                          point-to-multipoint link

   For example, Figure 6 shows an example of a pseudonode representing
   an unidirectional point-to-multipoint link where the TP A is the root
   TP and TPs B and C are the two leaf TPs.

3.  Technology-specific augmentations

   There are two main options to define technology-specific Topology
   Models which can use the attributes defined in the Topology YANG data
   model, defined in [RFC8795].

   Both options are applicable to any possible profile of the TE
   Topology Model, such as those defined in Section 2.

   The first option is to define a technology-specific TE Topology Model
   which augments the TE Topology Model, as shown in Figure 7:

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                              +-------------------+
                              | Network Topology  |
                              +-------------------+
                                        ^
                                        |
                                        | Augments
                                        |
                            +-----------+-----------+
                            |      TE Topology      |
                            |       (profile)       |
                            +-----------------------+
                                        ^
                                        |
                                        | Augments
                                        |
                             +----------+----------+
                             | Technology-Specific |
                             |     TE Topology     |
                             +---------------------+

                 Figure 7: Augmenting the TE Topology Model

   This approach is more suitable for cases when the technology-specific
   TE topology model provides augmentations to the TE Topology
   constructs, such as bandwidth information (e.g., link bandwidth),
   tunnel termination points (TTPs) or connectivity matrices.  It also
   allows providing augmentations to the Network Topology constructs,
   such as nodes, links, and termination points (TPs).

   This is the approach currently used in
   [I-D.ietf-ccamp-eth-client-te-topo-yang] and
   [I-D.ietf-ccamp-otn-topo-yang].

   It is worth noting that a profile of the technology-specific TE
   Topology model not using any TE topology attribute or constructs can
   be used to address any use case that do not require these attributes.
   In this case, only the 'te-topology' presence container of the TE
   Topology Model needs to be implemented because it is the parent
   container for the 'network-type' representing the technology-specific
   topology model.  Other data nodes defined in the TE Topology Model do
   not need to be implemented by this profile.

   The second option is to define a technology-specific Network Topology
   Model which augments the Network Topology Model and to rely on the
   multiple inheritance capability, which is implicit in the network-
   types definition of [RFC8345], to allow using also the generic
   attributes defined in the TE Topology model:

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                       +-----------------------+
                       |    Network Topology   |
                       +-----------------------+
                           ^               ^
                           |               |
              Augments +---+               +--+ Augments
                       |                      |
             +---------+---+       +----------+----------+
             | TE Topology |       | Technology-specific |
             |  (profile)  |       |  Network Topology   |
             +-------------+       +---------------------+

        Figure 8: Augmenting the Network Topology Model with multi-
                                inheritance

   This approach is more suitable in cases where the technology-specific
   Network Topology Model provides augmentation only to the constructs
   defined in the Network Topology Model, such as nodes, links, and
   termination points (TPs).  Therefore, with this approach, only the
   generic attributes defined in the TE Topology Model could be used.

   It is also worth noting that in this case, technology-specific
   augmentations for the bandwidth information could not be defined.

   In principle, it would be also possible to define both a technology
   specific TE Topology Model which augments the TE Topology Model, and
   a technology-specific Network Topology Model which augments the
   Network Topology Model and to rely on the multiple inheritance
   capability, as shown in Figure 9:

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                       +-----------------------+
                       |    Network Topology   |
                       +-----------------------+
                           ^               ^
                           |               |
              Augments +---+               +--+ Augments
                       |                      |
             +---------+---+       +----------+----------+
             | TE Topology |       | Technology-specific |
             |  (profile)  |       |  Network Topology   |
             +-------------+       +---------------------+
                    ^                         ^
                    |                         |
                    | Augments                | References
                    |                         |
         +----------+----------+              |
         | Technology-Specific +--------------+
         |     TE Topology     |
         +---------------------+

        Figure 9: Augmenting both the Network and TE Topology Models

   This option does not provide any technical advantage with respect to
   the first option, shown in Figure 7, but could be useful to add
   augmentations to the TE Topology constructs and to re-use an already
   existing technology-specific Network Topology Model.

   It is worth noting that the technology-specific TE Topology model can
   reference constructs defined by the technology-specific Network
   Topology model but it could not augment constructs defined by the
   technology-specific Network Topology model.

3.1.  Multi-inheritance

   As described in section 4.1 of [RFC8345], the network types should be
   defined using presence containers to allow the representation of
   network subtypes.

   The hierarchy of network subtypes can be single hierarchy, as shown
   in Figure 7.  In this case, each presence container contains at most
   one child presence container, as shows in the JSON code below:

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   {
     "ietf-network:ietf-network": {
       "ietf-te-topology:te-topology": {
         "example-te-topology": {}
       }
     }
   }

   The hierarchy of network subtypes can also be multi-hierarchy, as
   shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9.  In this case, one presence container
   can contain more than one child presence containers, as show in the
   JSON codes below:

   {
     "ietf-network:ietf-network": {
       "ietf-te-topology:te-topology": {}
       "example-network-topology": {}
     }
   }

   {
     "ietf-network:ietf-network": {
       "ietf-te-topology:te-topology": {
         "example-te-topology": {}
       }
       "example-network-topology": {}
     }
   }

   Other examples of multi-hierarchy topologies are described in
   [I-D.ietf-teas-yang-sr-te-topo].

3.2.  Example (Link augmentation)

   This section provides an example on how technology-specific
   attributes can be added to the Link construct:

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         +--rw link* [link-id]
            +--rw link-id            link-id
            +--rw source
            |  +--rw source-node?   -> ../../../nw:node/node-id
            |  +--rw source-tp?     leafref
            +--rw destination
            |  +--rw dest-node?   -> ../../../nw:node/node-id
            |  +--rw dest-tp?     leafref
            +--rw supporting-link* [network-ref link-ref]
            |  +--rw network-ref
            |  |       -> ../../../nw:supporting-network/network-ref
            |  +--rw link-ref       leafref
            +--rw example-link-attributes
            |   <...>
            +--rw te!
               +--rw te-link-attributes
                  +--rw name?                             string
                  +--rw example-te-link-attributes
                  |   <...>
                  +--rw max-link-bandwidth
                     +--rw te-bandwidth
                        +--rw (technology)?
                           +--:(generic)
                           |  +--rw generic?   te-bandwidth
                           +--:(example)
                              +--rw example?   example-bandwidth

     Figure 10: Augmenting the Link with technology-specific attributes

   The technology-specific attributes within the example-link-attributes
   container can be defined either in the technology-specific TE
   Topology Model (Option 1) or in the technology-specific Network
   Topology Model (Option 2 or Option 3).  These attributes can only be
   non-TE and do not require the implementation of the te container.

   The technology-specific attributes within the example-te-link-
   attributes container as well as the example max-link-bandwidth can
   only be defined in the technology-specific TE Topology Model (Option
   1 or Option 3).  These attributes can be TE or non-TE and require the
   implementation of the te container.

4.  Implementation Status

   Different profiles of the TE topology model, defined in [RFC8795],
   has been implemented and pubicly demonstrated.

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4.1.  ACTN multi-vendor interoperability tests

   A profile has been implmented and publicly demonstrated in the first
   multi-vendor interoperability test of the IETF-defined ACTN framework
   and YANG model standards perfmed in 2017 and involving Huawei and
   Nokia Shanghai Bell, organized by and conducted in the lab facility
   of China Mobile.

   This interoperability test covered also multi-layer, multi-domain
   topology auto-discovery, based on a work-in-progress version of the
   Internet-Draft which was then finalized and published as [RFC8795].

   The results of the results obtained in extensive ACTN
   interoperability tests are reported in [ACTN-TEST].

4.2.  ETSI Plugtests

   ETSI has held two millimetre Wave Transmission (mWT) SDN to test the
   northbound interface exposed by microwave (MW) network controllers:

   1.  The first Plugtest has been held in Sophia Antipolis, France on
       21 - 24 January 2019

   2.  The second and third Plugtest have been merged and held in Sophia
       Antipolis, France on November 2020

   Both plugtests covered multi-layer and multi-domain topology
   discovery scenarios, based on a work-in-progress version of the
   Internet-Draft which was then finalized and published as [RFC8795].

   Both plugtests have been attended by the majority of the MW vendors
   and proved a good level of multi-vendor support.

   The results of these ETSI plugtests are reported in [ETSI_MW-TEST-1]
   and [ETSI_MW-TEST-2], which also describe the different profiles of
   the TE topology model used for the MW topology model and for the
   Ethernet topology model.

   Based on the success of the plugtests, an ETSI Group Specification
   (GS) [ETSI_MW-PROFILE] has been published to document a common
   profile to be implemented at the northbound of MW network
   controllers.

   The use of the TE topology profile as the basis for MW technology-
   specific augmentations have been specified also in the MW topology
   model defined in [RFC9656].

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   It is worth noting that MW radio link technology is not a TE-centric
   technology and not even a switching technology: in MW networks,
   switching is performed at higher layers (e.g., Ethernet or IP) and
   modelled as overlay topologies on top of the MW radio link topology.
   The approach of profiling [RFC8795] worked well to model the
   bandwdith of microwave links as well as the overlay/underlay
   relationship between the overlay Ethernet topology and the supporting
   underlay MW topology.

5.  Security Considerations

   This document provides only information about how the Topology YANG
   data model, defined in [RFC8795], can be profiled to address some
   scenarios which are not considered as TE.

   As such, this document does not introduce any additional security
   considerations besides those already defined in [RFC8795].

6.  IANA Considerations

   This document requires no IANA actions.

Acknowledgments

   The authors would like to thank Vishnu Pavan Beeram, Daniele
   Ceccarelli, Jonas Ahlberg and Scott Mansfield for providing useful
   suggestions for this draft.

   The authors would like to thank Leonica Macciotta for his support on
   the the section describing the ETSI MW plugtests.

   This document was prepared using kramdown.

   Initial versions of this document were prepared using 2-Word-
   v2.0.template.dot.

References

Normative References

   [RFC8345]  Clemm, A., Medved, J., Varga, R., Bahadur, N.,
              Ananthakrishnan, H., and X. Liu, "A YANG Data Model for
              Network Topologies", RFC 8345, DOI 10.17487/RFC8345, March
              2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8345>.

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   [RFC8795]  Liu, X., Bryskin, I., Beeram, V., Saad, T., Shah, H., and
              O. Gonzalez de Dios, "YANG Data Model for Traffic
              Engineering (TE) Topologies", RFC 8795,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8795, August 2020,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8795>.

Informative References

   [ACTN-TEST]
              Wang, L., Zhao, Y., Guo, A., Bryskin, I., Janz, C., Yaoi,
              Y., Busi, I., Lee, Y., and S. Belotti, "ACTN Transport
              Multi-Vendor Interoperability Testing", IEEE
              Communications Standards Magazine, vol. 2, no. 1, pp.
              82-89 DOI 10.1109/MCOMSTD.2018.1700085 , March 2018,
              <https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8334928>.

   [ETSI_MW-PROFILE]
              European Telecommunications Standards Institute,
              "millimetre Wave Transmission (mWT); Definition of a
              Wireless Transport Profile for Standard SDN Northbound
              Interfaces", ETSI GS mWT 024 V1.1.1 (2022-03) , March
              2022, <https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gs/
              mWT/001_099/024/01.01.01_60/gs_mWT024v010101p.pdf>.

   [ETSI_MW-TEST-1]
              European Telecommunications Standards Institute, "1st mWT
              SDN Plugtests Event", ETSI Plugtests Test Plan V1.0
              (2019-01) , January 2019,
              <https://portal.etsi.org/Portals/0/TBpages/CTI/Docs/
              mWT_Plugtest1_TestPlan_v1.0.pdf>.

   [ETSI_MW-TEST-2]
              European Telecommunications Standards Institute, "2nd and
              3rd mWT SDN Plugtests Event", ETSI Plugtests Test Plan
              V1.0 (2020-11) , November 2020,
              <https://portal.etsi.org/Portals/0/TBpages/CTI/Docs/
              mWT_Plugtests2-3_TestPlan_v1_0.pdf>.

   [I-D.ietf-ccamp-eth-client-te-topo-yang]
              Yu, C., Zheng, H., Guo, A., Busi, I., Xu, Y., Zhao, Y.,
              and X. Liu, "A YANG Data Model for Ethernet TE Topology",
              Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-ccamp-eth-
              client-te-topo-yang-11, 13 April 2026,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-ccamp-
              eth-client-te-topo-yang-11>.

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   [I-D.ietf-ccamp-otn-topo-yang]
              Zheng, H., Busi, I., Liu, X., Belotti, S., and O. G. de
              Dios, "A YANG Data Model for Optical Transport Network
              Topology", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-
              ccamp-otn-topo-yang-21, 16 June 2026,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-ccamp-
              otn-topo-yang-21>.

   [I-D.ietf-ccamp-transport-nbi-app-statement]
              Busi, I., King, D., Zheng, H., and Y. Xu, "Transport
              Northbound Interface Applicability Statement", Work in
              Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-ccamp-transport-nbi-
              app-statement-17, 10 July 2023,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-ccamp-
              transport-nbi-app-statement-17>.

   [I-D.ietf-nmop-simap-concept]
              Havel, O., Claise, B., de Dios, O. G., and T. Graf,
              "SIMAP: Concept, Requirements, and Use Cases", Work in
              Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-nmop-simap-concept-
              12, 19 June 2026, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/
              draft-ietf-nmop-simap-concept-12>.

   [I-D.ietf-teas-yang-sr-te-topo]
              Liu, X., Bryskin, I., Beeram, V. P., Saad, T., Shah, H.,
              and S. Litkowski, "YANG Data Model for SR and SR TE
              Topologies on MPLS Data Plane", Work in Progress,
              Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-teas-yang-sr-te-topo-19, 4 July
              2024, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-
              teas-yang-sr-te-topo-19>.

   [RFC9522]  Farrel, A., Ed., "Overview and Principles of Internet
              Traffic Engineering", RFC 9522, DOI 10.17487/RFC9522,
              January 2024, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9522>.

   [RFC9656]  Mansfield, S., Ed., Ahlberg, J., Ye, M., Li, X., and D.
              Spreafico, "A YANG Data Model for Microwave Topology",
              RFC 9656, DOI 10.17487/RFC9656, September 2024,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9656>.

Contributors

   Aihua Guo
   Futurewei Inc.
   Email: aihuaguo.ietf@gmail.com

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   Haomian Zheng
   Huawei
   Email: zhenghaomian@huawei.com

   Sergio Belotti
   Nokia
   Email: sergio.belotti@nokia.com

Authors' Addresses

   Italo Busi
   Huawei
   Email: italo.busi@huawei.com

   Xufeng Liu
   Individual
   Email: xufeng.liu.ietf@gmail.com

   Igor Bryskin
   Individual
   Email: i_bryskin@yahoo.com

   Tarek Saad
   Cisco Systems Inc
   Email: tsaad.net@gmail.com

   Oscar Gonzalez de Dios
   Telefonica
   Email: oscar.gonzalezdedios@telefonica.com

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