A YANG Data Model for Reporting Utilization Scores in ISAC
draft-jadoon-green-isac-utilization-02

GREEN                                                       M. A. Jadoon
Internet-Draft                                              S. Robitzsch
Intended status: Standards Track                 InterDigital Europe Ltd
Expires: 20 April 2026                                   17 October 2025

       A YANG Data Model for Reporting Utilization Scores in ISAC
                 draft-jadoon-green-isac-utilization-02

Abstract

   This document defines a basic YANG data model to report sensing
   measurements utilization score (US) in Integrated Sensing and
   Communication (ISAC) systems.  The score quantifies the resource
   impact of different sensing measurements, including compute, memory,
   storage, energy, and latency.  The model supports per-measurement
   telemetry reporting.

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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Model Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   3.  YANG Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   4.  YANG Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     4.1.  JSON Encoding example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   5.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   6.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   7.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   8.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6

1.  Introduction

   ISAC introduces a paradigm where network nodes perform both
   communication and sensing tasks.  Several use cases and their
   requirements for ISAC have been defined in 3GPP [TR22.837] and ETSI
   [GR-ISC001].  A sensing task involves measurements of parameters such
   as Doppler, angle of arrival (AoA), radar cross section (RCS), micro-
   doppler, and range/delay [Jadoon2025], each consuming varying amounts
   of system resources such as memory, energy, and storage.

   To enable energy-efficient orchestration, it is important to measure
   and report the utilization impact of sensing measurements for a
   sensing task.  This draft proposes a YANG data model that allows
   ISAC-enabled devices to report a utilization score (US) per sensing
   task, computed from weighted metrics such as CPU usage, memory,
   energy draw, storage load, and latency.

2.  Model Scope

   The model is intended for systems that support ISAC and want to
   participate in energy-aware operations.

3.  YANG Tree

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module: ietf-isac-utilization
  +--ro sensing-utilization
     +--ro total-utilization-score        uint8
     +--ro timestamp?                     yang:date-and-time
     +--ro window?                        string
     +--ro parameters?                    if-feature component-breakdown
     |  +--ro compute-score?              decimal64
     |  +--ro memory-score?               decimal64
     |  +--ro energy-score?               decimal64
     |  +--ro storage-score?              decimal64
     |  +--ro latency-score?              decimal64
     +--ro function-score* [function]     if-feature per-measurement
        +--ro function                    sensing-function
        +--ro total-utilization-score?    uint8
        +--ro timestamp?                  yang:date-and-time
        +--ro window?                     string
        +--ro parameters?                 if-feature component-breakdown
           +--ro compute-score?           decimal64
           +--ro memory-score?            decimal64
           +--ro energy-score?            decimal64
           +--ro storage-score?           decimal64
           +--ro latency-score?           decimal64

4.  YANG Module

module ietf-isac-utilization {
  yang-version 1.1;
  namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-isac-utilization";
  prefix isac-util;

  import ietf-yang-types {
    prefix yang;
    reference "RFC 6991: Common YANG Data Types";
  }

  organization "InterDigital Europe";
  contact "Muhammad Awais Jadoon <muhammad.awaisjadoon@interdigital.com>";
  description
    "Reports a mandatory total utilization score for ISAC systems.
     Optionally exposes a per-parameter breakdown and per-measurement
     scores.";

  revision "2025-10-17" {
    description
      "Making per-parameter breakdown and per-measurement reporting; add timestamp/window.";
  }

  feature component-breakdown {

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    description
      "Expose optional per-parameter components (compute, memory,
       energy, storage, latency) that contribute to the total score.";
  }

  feature per-measurement {
    description
      "Expose optional per-measurement (e.g., delay, Doppler) scores.";
  }

  typedef percent {
    type decimal64 { fraction-digits 2; }
    units "%";
    description "Percentage 0..100 (not range-restricted here).";
  }

  typedef duration-string {
    type string;
    description "Human-readable or ISO-8601 duration (e.g., PT60S).";
  }

  container sensing-utilization {
    config false;
    description "Sensing utilization score.";

    leaf total-utilization-score {
      type uint8;
      mandatory true;
      description "Composite utilization score (0..100).";
    }

    leaf timestamp {
      type yang:date-and-time;
      description "Time when the utilization score was computed.";
    }

    leaf window {
      type duration-string;
      description "Aggregation window (e.g., PT60S).";
    }

    container parameters {
      if-feature component-breakdown;
      description "Optional per-parameter components.";
      leaf compute-score { type percent; }
      leaf memory-score  { type percent; }
      leaf energy-score  { type percent; }
      leaf storage-score { type percent; }

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      leaf latency-score { type percent; }
    }

    list function-score {
      if-feature per-measurement;
      key "function";
      description "Optional per-measurement utilization scores.";
      leaf function {
        type enumeration {
          enum delay;
          enum doppler;
          enum micro-doppler;
          enum aoa;
          enum rcs;
        }
        description "Type of sensing measurement.";
      }
      leaf total-utilization-score { type uint8; description "Per-measurement total (0..100)."; }
      leaf timestamp { type yang:date-and-time; }
      leaf window { type duration-string; }
      container parameters {
        if-feature component-breakdown;
        leaf compute-score { type percent; }
        leaf memory-score  { type percent; }
        leaf energy-score  { type percent; }
        leaf storage-score { type percent; }
        leaf latency-score { type percent; }
      }
    }
  }
}

4.1.  JSON Encoding example

   JSON encoding example for the total utilization score:

   {
     "ietf-isac-utilization:sensing-utilization": {
       "total-utilization-score": 53,
       "timestamp": "2025-10-17T09:00:00Z",
       "window": "PT60S"
     }
   }

5.  Security Considerations

   TBD

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6.  IANA Considerations

   TBD

7.  Acknowledgements

   This work has received funding from the Smart Networks and Services
   Joint Undertaking (SNS JU) under the European Union's Horizon Europe
   research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No 101192521
   (MultiX).  The following people have contributed to this draft:
   Sebastian Robitzsch

8.  Normative References

   [GR-ISC001]
              ETSI, "Integrated Sensing And Communications (ISAC); Use
              Cases and Deployment Scenarios", ETSI GR ISC001 V1.1.1 ,
              2025.

   [Jadoon2025]
              Jadoon, M. A., Robitzsch, S., and F. Conceição, "Dynamic
              and Resource-Efficient ISAC Operations in Sensing-Enabled
              6G Systems", Accepted, to appear in IEEE ICC 2025 , 2025.

   [TR22.837] 3GPP, "Study on Integrated Sensing and Communication
              (ISAC)", 3GPP TR 22.837 V19.4.0 , 2024.

Authors' Addresses

   Muhammad Awais Jadoon
   InterDigital Europe Ltd
   London
   United Kingdom
   Email: muhammad.awaisjadoon@interdigital.com

   Sebastian Robitzsch
   InterDigital Europe Ltd
   London
   United Kingdom
   Email: sebastian.robitzsch@interdigital.com

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