Context-Aware Navigation Protocol for IP-Based Vehicular Networks
draft-jeong-ipwave-context-aware-navigator-08

IPWAVE Working Group                                       J. Jeong, Ed.
Internet-Draft                                           B. Mugabarigira
Intended status: Standards Track                                 Y. Shen
Expires: 3 January 2024                                          J. Kwon
                                                 Sungkyunkwan University
                                                                  Z. Kim
                                                           Hyundai Motor
                                                             2 July 2023

   Context-Aware Navigation Protocol for IP-Based Vehicular Networks
             draft-jeong-ipwave-context-aware-navigator-08

Abstract

   This document proposes a Context-Aware Navigation Protocol (CNP) for
   IP-based vehicular networks for cooperative navigation among vehicles
   in road networks.  This CNP aims at the enhancement of driving safety
   through a light-weight driving information sharing method.  The CNP
   protocol uses an IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND) option to convey
   driving information such as a vehicle's position, speed,
   acceleration/deceleration, and direction, and a driver's driving
   action (e.g., braking and accelerating).

Status of This Memo

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   This Internet-Draft will expire on 3 January 2024.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

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   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   3.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   4.  Vehicle Mobility Information Option . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   5.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   6.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     6.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     6.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   Appendix A.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   Appendix B.  Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   Appendix C.  Changes from
           draft-jeong-ipwave-context-aware-navigator-07 . . . . . .   8
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8

1.  Introduction

   The enhancement of driving safety is one of objectives of cooperative
   driving in vehicular networks.  Dedicated Short-Range Communications
   (DSRC) is for vehicular communications [DSRC].  IEEE has standardized
   a family standard suite of Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments
   (WAVE) [WAVE].  Also, IETF has standardized an IPv6 packet delivery
   protocol over IEEE 802.11-OCB (Outside the Context of a Basic Service
   Set) [RFC8691], which is a MAC protocol for vehicles in WAVE.

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   A vehicle equipped with various sensors and a DSRC device can sense
   its surrounding environment including its neighboring vehicles, and
   share the sensed data and its mobility information (e.g., position,
   speed, acceleration/deceleration, and direction) with its neighboring
   vehicles.  This information sharing allows vehicles to assess the
   collision risk and make their maneuvers to avoid an accident in a
   prompt way, for example, a Context-Aware Navigation Protocol (CNP)
   navigation system [CNP].  That is, the capability of sensing,
   computing, and communication of vehicles enables them to understand
   the driving environment and situation (i.e., context), and cooperate
   with each other during their navigation.  In the CNP navigation
   system [CNP], a cluster head vehicle can control the maneuver of
   member vehicles (i.e., neighboring vehicles) of its cluster with
   their mobility information and a vehicle collision avoidance
   algorithm (i.e., Emergency Maneuver Lane Determination).

   The driving information sharing enables context-aware navigation
   where each vehicle can display its neighboring vehicles, pedestrians,
   and obstacles in the CNP navigation system [CNP].  With the CNP
   navigation system, a driver can make a better decision on driving to
   avoid an accident, and an autonomous vehicle can control its maneuver
   to escape from a possible fatality in advance.

   For this CNP navigation system, this document proposes a light-weight
   data sharing protocol using a new IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND) option
   for Vehicle Mobility Information, which is called Vehicle Mobility
   Information (VMI) option.  This VMI option can be included by a
   Neighbor Advertisement (NA) message in Vehicular Neighbor Discovery
   (VND) [ID-Vehicular-ND].

   There are two messages for vehicle collision avoidance in this CNP
   navigation system with the VMI option such as Cooperation Context
   Message (CCM) and Emergency Context Message (ECM).  The CCM is a
   message to deliver a vehicle's motion information (e.g., position,
   speed, acceleration/deceleration, direction) and a driver's driving
   action (e.g., braking and accelerating) to its neighboring vehicles
   for cooperative driving.  The ECM is a message to notify a vehicle's
   neighboring vehicles of an emergency situation (e.g., an accident and
   dangerous situation).  The ECM has a higher priority than the CCM
   such that the ECM needs to be disseminated faster than the CCM in
   vehicular networks.

2.  Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

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3.  Terminology

   This document uses the terminology described in [RFC9365].

4.  Vehicle Mobility Information Option

   Vehicle Mobility Information (VMI) option is an IPv6 ND option to
   convey either a CCM or ECM.  Figure 1 shows the format of the VMI
   option.

      0                   1                   2                   3
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |     Type      |    Length     |    Message    |  Reserved1    |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                           Reserved2                           |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                                                               |
     :                      Mobility Information                     :
     |                                                               |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

         Figure 1: Vehicle Mobility Information (VMI) Option Format

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  Fields:
   Type           8-bit identifier of the VMI option type as assigned
                  by the IANA: TBD

   Length         8-bit unsigned integer.  The length of the option
                  (including the Type and Length fields) is in units of
                  8 octets.  The value is 3.

   Message        8-bit identifier of the VMI message type as CCM (0)
                  and ECM (1).

   Reserved1      This field is unused.  It MUST be initialized to
                  zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the
                  receiver.

   Reserved2      This field is unused.  It MUST be initialized to
                  zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the
                  receiver.

   Mobility Information
                  128-bit mobility information.  It contains a vehicle's
                  motion information (e.g., position, speed,
                  acceleration/deceleration, direction) and a driver's
                  driving action (e.g., braking and accelerating) for
                  CCM.  Also, it contains a vehicle's emergency
                  information (e.g., obstacle information and accident
                  information).

   A CCM in a VMI option can be included in an NA message that a vehicle
   transmits periodically to announce its existence and routing
   information to its one-hop neighboring vehicles [ID-Vehicular-ND].

   An ECM in a VMI option can be included in an NA message that a
   vehicle transmits to immediately announce an emergency situation to
   its one-hop neighboring vehicles [ID-Vehicular-ND].

   To let the vehicles take an immediate action on an emergency
   situation, the ECM has a higher priority than the CCM.  Thus, if a
   vehicle has an ECM and a CCM to send, it SHOULD transmit the ECM
   earlier than the CCM.

5.  Security Considerations

   This document shares all the security issues of the IPv6 ND protocol.
   This document can get benefits from Secure Neighbor Discovery (SEND)
   [RFC3971] in order to protect exchanged messages from possible
   security attacks.

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6.  References

6.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119>.

   [RFC4861]  Narten, T., Nordmark, E., Simpson, W., and H. Soliman,
              "Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 4861,
              September 2007, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4861>.

   [RFC3971]  Arkko, J., "SEcure Neighbor Discovery (SEND)", RFC 3971,
              March 2005, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3971>.

   [RFC8691]  Benamar, N., Haerri, J., Lee, J., and T. Ernst, "Basic
              Support for IPv6 Networks Operating Outside the Context of
              a Basic Service Set over IEEE Std 802.11", RFC 8691,
              December 2019, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8691>.

   [RFC9365]  Jeong, J., "IPv6 Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments
              (IPWAVE): Problem Statement and Use Cases", RFC 9365,
              March 2023, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9365>.

6.2.  Informative References

   [ID-Vehicular-ND]
              Jeong, J., Ed., Shen, Y., Kwon, J., and S. Cespedes,
              "Vehicular Neighbor Discovery for IP-Based Vehicular
              Networks", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-jeong-
              ipwave-vehicular-neighbor-discovery-15, February 2023,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-jeong-ipwave-
              vehicular-neighbor-discovery-15>.

   [DSRC]     ASTM International, "Standard Specification for
              Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between
              Roadside and Vehicle Systems - 5 GHz Band Dedicated Short
              Range Communications (DSRC) Medium Access Control (MAC)
              and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications",
              ASTM E2213-03(2010), October 2010.

   [WAVE]     IEEE 1609 Working Group, "IEEE Guide for Wireless Access
              in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) - Architecture", IEEE Std
              1609.0-2013, March 2014.

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   [IEEE-802.11-OCB]
              "Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and
              Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications", IEEE Std
              802.11-2016, December 2016.

   [CNP]      Mugabarigira, B., Shen, Y., Jeong, J., Oh, T., and H.
              Jeong, "Context-Aware Navigation Protocol for Safe Driving
              in Vehicular Cyber-Physical Systems", IEEE Transactions on
              Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vol. 24, No. 1,
              URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9921182, January
              2023.

Appendix A.  Acknowledgments

   This work was supported in part by the Institute of Information &
   Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) grant funded
   by the Korea Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) (2020-0-00395-003,
   Standard Development of Blockchain based Network Management
   Automation Technology).

   This work was supported in part by the IITP grant funded by the Korea
   MSIT (No. 2022-0-01015, Development of Candidate Element Technology
   for Intelligent 6G Mobile Core Network).

   This work was supported in part by the Korea MSIT under the ITRC
   (Information Technology Research Center) support program (IITP-
   2022-2017-0-01633) supervised by the IITP.

Appendix B.  Contributors

   This document is made by the group effort of IPWAVE working group.
   Many people actively contributed to this document, such as Carlos J.
   Bernardos and Russ Housley.  The authors sincerely appreciate their
   contributions.

   The following are co-authors of this document:

   Zhong Xiang -

   Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan
   University, 2066 Seobu-ro Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419,
   Republic of Korea.  Phone: +82 299 4106, Email: xz618@skku.edu

   Tae (Tom) Oh -

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   School of Information, Golisano College of Computing and Information
   Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, One Lomb Memorial Drive,
   Rochester, NY 14623-5603, USA.  Phone: +1 585 475 7642, Email:
   Tom.Oh@rit.edu

Appendix C.  Changes from draft-jeong-ipwave-context-aware-navigator-07

   The following changes are made from draft-jeong-ipwave-context-aware-
   navigator-07:

   *  This version updates the maneuver control of cluster member
      vehicles by a cluster head vehicle in Section 1.

Authors' Addresses

   Jaehoon Paul Jeong (editor)
   Department of Computer Science and Engineering
   Sungkyunkwan University
   2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
   Suwon
   Gyeonggi-Do
   16419
   Republic of Korea
   Phone: +82 31 299 4957
   Email: pauljeong@skku.edu
   URI:   http://iotlab.skku.edu/people-jaehoon-jeong.php

   Bien Aime Mugabarigira
   Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
   Sungkyunkwan University
   2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
   Suwon
   Gyeonggi-Do
   16419
   Republic of Korea
   Phone: +82 10 5964 8794
   Email: bienaime@skku.edu

   Yiwen Chris Shen
   Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
   Sungkyunkwan University
   2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
   Suwon
   Gyeonggi-Do
   16419
   Republic of Korea

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   Phone: +82 31 299 4106
   Email: chrisshen@skku.edu

   Junhee Kwon
   Department of Computer Science and Engineering
   Sungkyunkwan University
   2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
   Suwon
   Gyeonggi-Do
   16419
   Republic of Korea
   Phone: +82 31 299 4106
   Email: juun9714@skku.edu

   Zeung Il (Ben) Kim
   Electric Energy Control Test Team
   Hyundai Motor
   150 Hyundaiyeonguso-ro, Namyang-eup
   Hwaseong
   Gyeonggi-Do
   18280
   Republic of Korea
   Phone: +82-10-8805-3810
   Email: ben.kim@hyundai.com

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