Challenges for the Internet Routing Infrastructure Introduced by Changes in Address Semantics
draft-king-irtf-challenges-in-routing-01
IRTF D. King
Internet-Draft Lancaster University
Intended status: Informational J. Dang
Expires: August 26, 2021 Huawei Technologies
A. Farrel
Old Dog Consulting
February 22, 2021
Challenges for the Internet Routing Infrastructure Introduced by Changes
in Address Semantics
draft-king-irtf-challenges-in-routing-01
Abstract
Historically, the meaning of an IP address has been to identify an
interface on a network device. Routing protocols have been developed
based on the assumption that a destination address has this semantic.
Many proposals have been made to add semantics to IP addresses.
These proposals may set the meaning of an address within the scope of
a limited domain, or suggest an address semantic that is meaningful
at specific points in the network (such as the source and
destination), and ideally can continue to be used without special
interpretation at transit points.
This document presents a brief survey of technologies related to IP
address semantic proposals and describes the challenges to the
existing routing system that they present. It then summarizes the
opportunities for research into new or modified routing protocols to
make use of new address semantics. It does not pass comment on the
advisability or practicality of any of the solutions.
This document is presented as study to support further research into
clarifying and understanding the issues without directly proposing
technical solutions that are ready for productization, deployment, or
standardization.
Status of This Memo
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Current Challenges to Internet Routing . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. Network Path Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1. Path Aware Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4. What is Semantic Routing? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.1. Architectural Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.1.1. Semantic Prefix Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5. Existing Approaches for Routing Based on Additional Semantics 12
5.1. Non-Address-Based Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.1.1. Deep Packet Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.1.2. Differentiated Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.1.3. IPv6 Extension Headers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.2. Semantic Overlays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.2.1. Application-Layer Traffic Optimization . . . . . . . 14
5.2.2. Multipath TCP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.2.3. Service Function Chaining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.2.4. Path Computation Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.3. Semantic Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.3.1. Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP) . . . . . . . . 15
5.3.2. Identifier-Locator Network Protocol . . . . . . . . . 16
5.3.3. Segment Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
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