LLCPS
draft-urien-tls-llcp-00
The information below is for an old version of the document.
| Document | Type |
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|
|---|---|---|---|
| Author | Pascal Urien | ||
| Last updated | 2012-08-14 | ||
| RFC stream | (None) | ||
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| Stream | Stream state | (No stream defined) | |
| Consensus boilerplate | Unknown | ||
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draft-urien-tls-llcp-00
TLS Working Group P. Urien
Internet Draft Telecom ParisTech
Intended status: Experimental
August 14, 2012
Expires: February 2013
LLCPS
draft-urien-tls-llcp-00.txt
Abstract
This document describes the implementation, named LLCPS, of the TLS
protocol over the NFC (Near Field Communication) LLCP layer. The NFC
peer to peer (P2P) protocol may be used by any application that
needs communication between two devices at very small distances (a
few centimeters). LLCPS enforces a strong security in NFC P2P
exchanges, and may be deployed for many services, in the Internet Of
Things ecosystem, such as access control or ticketing operations.
Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.
Status of this Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents
at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on February 2013.
.
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with
respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this
document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in
Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without
warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.
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Table of Contents
Abstract........................................................... 1
Requirements Language.............................................. 1
Status of this Memo................................................ 1
Copyright Notice................................................... 2
1 Overview......................................................... 4
1.1 About the NFC protocol...................................... 4
1.2 The LLCP layer.............................................. 6
2 TLS support over LLCP............................................ 8
2.1 Peer To Peer Link Establishment............................ 10
2.2 Inactivity Process......................................... 10
2.3.1 Initiator side ...................................... 11
2.3.2 Target side ......................................... 11
2.3.3 Connection choreography ............................. 12
2.4 Disconnection Process...................................... 12
2.4.1 Disconnection initiated by the Initiator ............ 12
2.4.2 Disconnection initiated by the Target ............... 12
2.4.3 Disconnection choreography .......................... 13
2.5 Sending Process............................................ 13
2.6 Receiving Process.......................................... 15
3 Example of LLCPS session........................................ 18
3.1 Protocol Activation and Parameters Selection............... 18
3.1.1 Initiator ATR-REQ ................................... 18
3.1.2 Target ATR-RESP ..................................... 18
3.2 LLCP connection............................................ 18
3.3 Target: sending Client Hello............................... 19
3.4 Inactivity Process......................................... 19
3.5 Server: sending Server Hello............................... 19
3.6 LLCP Inactivity Process.................................... 20
3.7 Client: sending Client Finished............................ 20
3.8 Exchanging Data............................................ 21
3.8.1 Sending data from client to server .................. 21
3.8.2 Sending data from server to client .................. 21
3.9 Closing TLS session, initiated by the Initiator............ 22
5 Security Considerations......................................... 22
4 IANA Considerations............................................. 22
6 References...................................................... 22
6.1 Normative References....................................... 22
6.2 Informative References..................................... 23
7 Authors' Addresses.............................................. 23
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1 Overview
1.1 About the NFC protocol
The Near Field Communication protocol (NFC) is based on standards
such as [ECMA340] or [ISO/IEC 18092]. It uses the 13,56 Mhz
frequency, with data rates ranging from 106 To 848 kbps. The working
distance between two nodes is about a few centimeters, with
electromagnetic fields ranging between 1 and 10 A/M.
There are two classes of working operations:
- Reader/Writer and Card Emulation. A device named "Reader" feeds
another device called "Card", thanks to a 13,56 MHz electromagnetic
field coupling. This mode is typically used with [ISO7816]
contactless smartcards or with NFC RFIDs.
- Peer To Peer (P2P). Two devices, the "Initiator" and the "Target"
establish a NFC communication link. In the "Active" mode these two
nodes are managing their own energy resources. In the "Passive" mode
the Initiator powers the Target via a 13,56 MHz electromagnetic
field coupling.
This draft focuses on P2P security, which is required by many
applications, targeting access control, transport, or other Internet
Of Things (IoT) items. Although the NFC protocol enables data
exchange at small physical distances, it doesn't support
standardized security features providing privacy or integrity. Thus,
protocols such as [SNEP] or [NPP], whose goal is to push NDEF [NDEF]
contents, are not today secured. In this draft we define a profile
for TLS support in P2P operations.
A P2P session (see figure 1) occurs in four logical phases:
1) Initialization and Anti-collision. The Initiator periodically
sends a request packet (and therefore generates a RF field), which
is acknowledged by a Target response packet. Because several Targets
may be located near the Initiator, an anti-collision mechanism is
managed by the Initiator in order to establish a session with a
single Target.
2) Protocol Activation and Parameters Selection. The Initiator
starts a logical session with a detected Target by sending a ATR-REQ
(Attribute-Request) message, which is confirmed by a Target ATR-RESP
(Attribute-Response) message. These messages fix the device IDs
(DIDi, Device ID Initiator and DIDt, Device ID Target) used in
further packet exchanges. Optional information fields (Gi for the
Initiator, and Gt for the Target) identify the protocol to be used
over the MAC level; in this document it is assumed that the LLCP
[LLCP] (Logical Link Control Protocol) protocol is selected by the
Gi and Gt bytes. Optionally some parameters are negotiated by
additional packets.
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3) Data Exchange. Frames are exchanged via the DEP (Data Exchange
Protocol) protocol. DEP works with DEP-REQ (DEP-Request) transmitted
by the Initiator and DEP-RESP (DEP-Response) delivered by the
Target. DEP provides error detection and recovery. It uses small
data unit size (from 64 to 256 bytes); however it supports a
chaining mode for larger sizes. DEP frames typically transport LLCP
packets, and provide an error free service
4) De-Activation. The Initiator may deactivate the Target by sending
a RLS-REQ (Release Request) message acknowledged by a RLS-RESP
(Release Response).
Usually, and for practical reasons, P2P sessions are established
between a unique Target and an Initiator, for example a mobile phone
and another NFC device. They are automatically started when the
distance between the two NFC modes is sufficiently small. The MAC
link may be broken at any time, as soon as the distance disables
radio operations.
Initiator Target
| |
|<------ (1) Initialization and Anti-Collision ------->|
| |
|<- (2) Protocol Activation and Parameters Selection ->|
| ------------------- ATR-REQ -----------------------> |
| <------------------ ATR-RESP ----------------------- |
| |
|<---------------- (3) Data Exchange ----------------->|
| LLCP packets over DEP frames |
| TLS over LLCP |
| |
|<----------------(4) De-Activation ------------------>|
| |
Figure 1. A NFC P2P Session
Due to the dissymmetry of the DEP protocol (see figure 2), in which
the Initiator sends requests and Target returns responses, the NFC-
P2P MAC services are dissymmetric on the Initiator and Target sides.
- The Initiator delivers Data.Request-i and gets Data.Indication-i.
- The Target gets Data.Indication-t and delivers Data.Request-t
MAC services implemented by NFC controllers usually support such
dissymmetric primitives for Initiator and Target procedures (MAC
Data.request-i/t and Data.Indication-i/t).
The timeout value (between DEP-REQ and DEP-RESP messages) is deduced
from the RWT attribute (Response Waiting Time) returned by the
Target in the ATR-RESP message. RWT ranges between 0,6 ms and 9,9
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ms. It may be extended to the RWT-INT by a factor RTOX (RWT-INT =
RTOX x RWT) between 1 and 60, so the maximum value is about 6s.
Initiator Target
| | | |
| | | |
| Data.Request-i --- DEP-REQ --> Data.Indication-t |
| | |
| RWT-INT ms |
| | |
Data.Indication-i <---- DEP-RESP --------- Data.Request-t
Figure 2. NFC-P2P MAC layer service, based on DEP frames
1.2 The LLCP layer
The LLCP [LLCP] protocol works like a light LLC [IEEE 802.2] layer.
It provides two classes of services, connectionless transport and
connection-oriented transport.
This draft focuses on connection-oriented transport because we
believe that TLS services MUST be identified by a Service Name (SN).
An LLCP packet (see figure 3) comprises three mandatory fields, DSAP
(Destination Service Access Point, 6 bits), SSAP (Source Service
Access Point, 6 bits), and PTYPE (Protocol data unit type field, 4
bits).
An optional sequence field (8 bits) contains two 4 bits number N(S)
and N(R) respectively giving the number of the information SDU to be
sent and the number of the next information PDU to be received.
An optional Information field transports the LLCP payload.
<--------------LLCP Header--------------><-LLCP Payload ->
| DSAP | PTYPE | SSAP | Sequence | INFORMATION |
| 6 bits | 4 bits | 6 bits | 0 or 8 bits | M x 8 bits |
Figure 3. Structure of an LLCP packet
There are sixteen types of LLCP packets, identified by PTYPE values
ranging between 0 and 15. In this draft we use only six of these
PDUs.
1) Symmetry (SYMM, PTYPE=0, DSAP=SSAP=0, no Sequence, no
Information). This PDU is produced as soon as there is no
information to provide. This mechanism avoids timeout at the MAC
(DEP) level. SYMM SHOULD be generated after an inactivity period of
about LTO/2, where LTO is the link timeout.
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2) Connect (CONNECT, PTYPE=4, No sequence, Information). This PDU
MUST include a SN (service name parameter) that identified the TLS
service ("com.ietf.tls"). It uses a DSAP value set to 1 (the SAP of
the Service Discovery Protocol, SDP) and a SSAP value ranging
between 16 and 31. It indicates the connection the well-known
service (WKS) SDP (SAP=1), which SHOULD deliver an ephemeral SAP
(SAP-client) ranging between 16 and 31.
3) Connection Complete (CC, PTYPE=6, No sequence, Optional
Information). This PDU notifies the successful connection to the
"com.ietf.tls" service. It allocates the SAP (DSAP=SAP-client) to be
used for this session identified by the tuple (SAP-server, SAP-
client)
4) Disconnection (DISC, PTYPE=5, No sequence, No Information). This
PDU indicates the disconnection of the (SAP-server, SAP-client)
session. Null SAP values MAY be used to notify the disconnection of
the LLCP entity.
5) Disconnected Mode (DM, TYPE=7, No sequence, one byte of
Information). This PDU confirms the disconnection of the (SAP-
server, SAP-client) session; one information byte gives the
"Disconnected Mode Reasons". Null SAP values notify the
disconnection of the LLCP entity.
6) Information (INFORMATION, PTYPE=10, Sequence, information). This
PDU transport a SDU; N(S) indicates the SDU number, N(R) indicates
the next SDU number to be received. In this draft the Receive
Windows Size (RW) MUST be set to one, which is the default LLCP
value.
7) Receive Ready (RR, PTYPE=11, sequence N(R) only, no Information).
This PDU is used for the acknowledgment of previously received
information PDU. It indicates the next sequence number (N(R)) to be
received.
According to [LLCP] some LLCP functional parameters are updated by
LLCP-Parameter attributes exchanged in LLCP packets or in ATR-REQ
and ATR-RESP messages. Parameters are encoding according to TLV
format, in which Type size is one byte, Length size is one byte and
Value is a set of L bytes. In this document we use 6 parameters.
1) Version Number (VERSION, T=01h, L=01h, V=10h). In this document
this option MUST be included in the general bytes of ATR-REQ and
ATR-RESP.
2) Maximum Information Unit Extension (MIUX, T=02h, L=02h). This
parameter extends the maximum size of the LLCP PDU (MIU), whose
default value is 128 bytes, according to the relation: MIU = MIUX +
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128. The MIUX parameter MAY be inserted in general bytes of ATR-REQ
and ATR-RESP, and in LLCP PDUs CONNECT and CC.
3) Well-Known Service List (WKS, T=03h, L=02h). This parameter
associates a bit to the instance of a well-known LLCP parameter. A
typical value is 00001h, indicating the availability of the DSP
service. WKS MAY be inserted in general bytes of ATR-REQ and ATR-
RESP.
4) Link Timeout (LTO, T=04h, L=01h). This parameter indicates the
timeout value for the LLCP layer, in multiples of 10ms. LTO MAY be
inserted in general bytes of ATR-REQ and ATR-RESP.
5) Receive Windows Frame (RW, T=05h, L=01h). This parameter
indicates the size of the receive windows, its value ranges between
0 and 15. The default value is one, and MUST be set to one according
to this document. It MAY be inserted in LLCP PDUs CONNECT or CC.
6) Service Name (SN, T=06h). This parameter indicates the name of a
service. It MUST be inserted in the CONNECT PDU. In this document
its value is set to "com.ietf.tls".
2 TLS support over LLCP
In NFC P2P mode the Initiator detects a Target and afterwards starts
and manages a data exchange session; it may optionally feed the
Target device. The Initiator has consequently a longer useful life
than the Target; it is a legitimate place to host TLS server in a
permanent way. Therefore in this section we assume that the
Initiator acts as the TLS server and the Target as the TLS client.
Each entity manages five exclusive processes
- The Connection Process (CP)
- The Disconnection Process (DP)
- The Sending Process (SP)
- The Receiving Process (RP)
- The Inactivity Process (IP)
The Inactivity Process MAY be started (see figure 4) each time a
receiving or sending buffer is empty; in this case it is assumed
that the computing time or the delay required before the next
input/output operation is greater than the LLCP timeout (LTO).
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Initiator Target
| |
Connection Process Connection Process
| |
Send SYMM ------------------> Receive SYMM
Receive DISC <------------------ Send DISC
Send DM -------------------> Receive DM
Receive SYMM <------------------- Send SYMM
| |
=========================TLS Session============================
| |
Receiving Process Sending Process
| |
Send SYMM -------------> Receive SYMM
Receive INFORMATION <------------ Send INFORMATION
Send RR -------------> Receive RR
Receive SYMM <------------- Send SYMM
| |
Inactivity Process Receiving Process
| |
Send SYMM ------------------> Receive SYMM
Receive SYMM <----------------- Send SYMM
| |
Sending Process |
| |
Send INFORMATION ---------------> Receive INFORMATION
Receive RR <-------------- Send RR
| |
Receiving Process Inactivity Process
| |
Send SYMM -------------------> Receive SYMM
Receive SYMM <------------------ Send SYMM
| |
Send SYMM ------------> Receiving Process
Receive INFORMATION <----------- Send INFORMATION
Send RR ------------> Receive RR
Receive SYMM <----------- Send SYMM
| |
===========================End Of TLS Session=====================
| |
Inactivity Process Inactivity Process
| |
Disconnection Process |
| |
Send Disc -------------------> Receive DISC
Receive DM <------------------- Send DM
| |
Figure 4. Overview of Process Operations
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2.1 Peer To Peer Link Establishment
As described in section 1, the Initiator periodically probes the
presence of a Target. At the end of the "Protocol Activation and
Parameters Selection" phase, ATR-REQ and ATR-RESP messages have been
exchanged, and LLCP services are available on both Initiator and
Target nodes, including in particular the Data-Request-i/t and Data-
Indication-i/t primitives.
Due to the ephemeral intrinsic nature of an NFC connection, the P2P
session may be broken at any time, which implies transmission or
reception errors notified by the MAC primitives.
As a consequence an LLCP session is assumed to be released at the
first MAC error.
2.2 Inactivity Process
When the LLCP layer detects an inactivity period greater that a
given timeout value (see figure 5), it generates a SYMM PDU.
Therefore each time a LLCP layer is waiting for a non SYMM PDU, and
receives a SYMM PDU, it MUST acknowledge it by sending a SYMM PDU. A
maximum number (SYMM-Ct-i/t) of echoed SYMM PDU SHOULD be defined.
Initiator Target
| |
+------> LLCP inactivity + <-------------+
| | | |
| +----------+-----------+ +------------+-----------+ |
| + Inactivity Timeout + + Waiting for a LLCP PDU + |
| +----------+-----------+ +------------+-----------+ |
| | | |
| Send SYMM PDU ----> Reception of a PDU |
| | | | |
| | |SYMM |Other |
| Reception of a PDU <---- |Send SYMM PDU |PDU |
| | | | | |
| SYMM| |Other SYMM-Ct-t++ | |
| SYMM-Ct-i++| |PDU | | |
+-------------+ +--+ +------------|--------+
| |
End Of LLCP Inactivity Send a LLCP PDU
Figure 5. Inactivity Process
The Inactivity Process (IP) MAY start between the Receiving Process
(RP) and the Sending Process (SP).
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Once a NFC P2P link is established, TLS server and client software
entities are activated. Procedures such as:
- SOCKET acceptllcp(char *ServiceName), and
- SOCKET connectllcp(char *ServiceName)
MAY be used respectively on Initiator and Target sides, in order to
get a SOCKET. This object supports additional facilities, typically
the following procedures:
- int sendllcp(SOCKET s, char *buffer, int length)
- int recvllcp(SOCKET s, char *buffer, int length)
- int closellcp(SOCKET s)
which are used for the LLCP session management.
2.3.1 Initiator side
The Initiator MUST transmit a SYMM LLCP PDU.
The Initiator MUST receive a CONNECT PDU, with DSAP=1, including the
option SN, whose value MUST be set to "com.ietf.tls". If the SN
value is incorrect the Initiator transmits a DM PDU with a reason
code.
The Initiator MUST send a CC PDU, with an SSAP ranging between 16
and 31.
The Initiator SHOULD receive a SYMM PDU. It MAY receive an
INFORMATION PDU but this behavior is not recommended, since it
complicates the implementation of the acceptllcp (and connectllcp)
procedure.
2.3.2 Target side
The Target MUST wait for the reception of a SYMM PDU
The Target MUST send a CONNECT PDU, with DSAP=1 and SSAP ranging
between 16 and 31, including the option SN, whose value MUST be set
to "com.ietf.tls.
The Target MUST receive a CC PDU.
The Target SHOULD send a SYMM PDU. It MAY send an INFORMATION PDU
but this behavior is not recommended, since it complicates the
implementation of the connectllcp (and acceptllcp) procedure.
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2.3.3 Connection choreography
Initiator Target
| |
socket= acceptllcp() socket=connectllcp()
| |
Send SYMMM ------------> Receive SYMM
| |
Receive CONNECT <------------- Send CONNECT, DSAP=1
Check SN SN = "com.ietf.tls"
| |
Send CC --------------> Receive CC
Allocate Ephemeral SAP |
| |
Receive SYMM <-------------- Send SYMM
| |
Done Done
Figure 6. Connection Choreography
2.4 Disconnection Process
Due to the ephemeral nature of P2P NFC session, the disconnection
process MAY be unavailable. Nerveless it SHOULD be used for a
graceful closing of a TLS session.
The Disconnection Process is initiated by the Initiator or the
Target.
2.4.1 Disconnection initiated by the Initiator
The Initiator MUST sends a DISC PDU
The Target receives the DISC PDU
The Target MUST send the DM PDU.
The Initiator MUST receive a DM PDU
2.4.2 Disconnection initiated by the Target
The Target receives an LLCP PDU. If it receives DISC then it sends
DM; else it sends the DISC PDU.
The target waits for an LLCP PDU. Upon reception of a LLCP PDU it
MUST send SYMM.
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2.4.3 Disconnection choreography
Initiator Target
| |
closellcp(socket) |
| |
Send DISC --------------> Receive DISC
| |
Receive DM <-------------- Send DM
| |
Done
Figure 7. Disconnection initiated by the Initiator
Initiator Target
| |
| closellcp(socket)
| |
Send SYMM -------------> Receive LLCP PDU
| | |
| | DISC |Other
|<-----------------------+ Send DM |(SYMM)
| | Done |
|<------------------------------------+Send DISC
Receive LLCP PDU |
| | |
[ DM |DISC Receive LLCP PDU
| |Send DM |
+------------------------------->|
| |
|<-------------------------------+Send SYMM
| |
| Done
Figure 8. Disconnection initiated by the Target
2.5 Sending Process
The data transmission is managed by the sendllcp(SOCKET s, char
*buffer, int length) procedure.
2.5.1 Initiator side
The buffer to be transmitted is segmented in LLCP INFORMATION
packets.
Each packet MUST be acknowledged by the Target with a RR PDU
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Initiator Target
| |
Sendllcp(buffer) recvllcp()
| |
Send INFORMATION PDU -----------------> Receive INFORMATION PDU
NS-i++ |
| |
Receive RR <--------------------------- Send RR(NR-t)
| |
Send INFORMATION PDU -----------------> Receive INFORMATION PDU
NS-i++ |
| |
Receive RR <--------------------------- Send RR(NR-t)
| |
Buffer Empty |
|
Done
Figure 9. Sending Process, Initiator side.
2.5.2 Target side
The Target switches to the sending process, managed by the
sendllcp() procedure.
The Target MUST receive a SYMM PDU.
The buffer to be sent is segmented in INFORMATION PDUs.
Each INFORMATION PDU is sent by the Target to the Initiator and MUST
be acknowledged by a RR PDU.
Upon the reception of the last RR PDU a SYMM PDU MUST be sent by the
Target to the Initiator.
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Initiator Target
| |
recvllcp() sendllcp(buffer)
| |
Send SYMM --------> Receive SYMM
| |
Receive INFORMATION PDU <------- Send INFORMATION PDU
| NS-t++
| |
SEND RR(NR-i) -------> Receive RR
| |
Receive INFORMATION PDU <------- Send INFORMATION PDU
| NS-t++
| |
SEND RR(NR-i) -------> Receive RR
| |
| Buffer Empty
| |
Receive SYMM <------- Send SYMM
| |
Done
Figure 10. Sending Process, Target side.
2.6 Receiving Process
The Receiving process is handled by the recvllcp(SOCKET s, char
*buffer, int length) procedure, which manages a reception buffer.
2.6.1 Initiator side
A1) If the reception buffer is empty, the Initiator sends a SYMM
PDU. This PDU starts the Target receiving process. The expected PDU
received from the Target is either an INFORMATION PDU or a SYMM PDU
(notifying an ephemeral inactivity state).
B1) If the reception buffer stores enough data, then the size
requested by the recvllcp() procedure is returned. If the buffer
gets empty after this operation, a RR PDU is sent to the Target. The
PDU received from the Target is either an INFORMATION PDU or a SYMM
PDU.
B2) Else, while there is not enough data in the buffer, the
following loop is performed
- Send RR PDU
- Receive INFORMATION PDU
B2.1) at this end of this loop the size requested by the recvllcp()
procedure is returned. If the buffer gets empty after this
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operation, a RR PDU is sent to the Target. The PDU received from the
Target is either an INFORMATION PDU or a SYMM PDU.
Initiator Target
| |
buffer empty sendllcp()
| |
recvllcp() ===> Send SYMM --------> Receive SYMM
| |
Receive INFORMATION PDU <------- Send INFORMATION PDU
| NS-t++
enough data <=== | |
| |
recvllcp() ===> | |
enough data <=== | |
buffer empty |
| |
Send RR(NR-i) -------> Receive RR
| |
Receive INFORMATION PDU <------- Send INFORMATION PDU
| NS-t++
| |
recvllcp() ===> Send RR(NR-i) -------> Receive RR
| |
Receive INFORMATION PDU <------- Send INFORMATION PDU
| NS-t++
enough data <=== | |
| |
recvllcp() ===> | |
Send RR(NR-i) -------> Receive RR
| |
Receive INFORMATION PDU <------- Send INFORMATION PDU
| NS-t++
| |
===> Send RR(NR-i) -------> Receive RR
| |
Receive INFORMATION PDU <------- Send INFORMATION PDU
| NS-t++
enough data <=== | |
buffer empty |
| |
Send RR(NR-i) -------> Receive RR
| |
| buffer empty
| |
Receive SYMM <------- Send SYMM
| |
Done Done
Figure 11. Receiving Process, Initiator side.
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2.6.2 Target side
A1) If the reception buffer stores enough data, then the size
requested by the recvllcp() procedure is returned.
B1) Else, while there is not enough data in the buffer, the
following loop is performed
- Receive INFORMATION PDU
- Send RR PDU
Initiator Target
| |
Sendllcp(buffer) buffer empty
| |
| | <=== recvllcp()
| |
Send INFORMATION PDU ----> Receive INFORMATION PDU
NS-i++ |
| |
Receive RR <------------ Send RR(NR-t)
| |
| | ===> enough data
| |
| | <=== recvllcp()
| | ===> enough data
| |
| buffer empty
| |
| | <=== recvllcp()
| |
Send INFORMATION PDU --> Receive INFORMATION PDU
NS-i++ |
| |
Receive RR <------------ Send RR(NR-t)
| |
Send INFORMATION PDU --> Receive INFORMATION PDU
NS-i++ |
| |
Receive RR <------------ Send RR(NR-t)
| |
buffer empty | ===> enough data
| buffer empty
Done |
Done
Figure 12. Receiving Process, Initiator side.
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3 Example of LLCPS session
3.1 Protocol Activation and Parameters Selection
3.1.1 Initiator ATR-REQ
Raw-data:
5C A9 BE E1 C0 35 A0 BF 16 0F 00 00 00 02 46 66
6D 01 01 10 03 02 00 01 04 01 01 10 64
NFCID3i= 5C A9 BE E1 C0 35 A0 BF 16 0F
DIDi (Initiator ID) = 00
BSi= 00
BRi= 00
PPi= 02, 64 bytes of Transport Data, Gt bytes available
Magic Bytes: 46666d
Option: Version, Major=1, Minor=0
Option: WKS: Well-Known Service List 0x0001
Option: LTO: Link TimeOut 0x64 (1000 ms)
3.1.2 Target ATR-RESP
Raw-Data:
AA 99 88 77 66 55 44 33 22 11 00 00 00 09 03 46
66 6D 01 01 10 03 02 00 01 04 01 64
NFCID3t= AA 99 88 77 66 55 44 33 22 11
DIDt (Target ID)= 00
BSt= 00
BRt= 00
TO= 09, WT= 6363 ms
PPt= 03, 64 bytes of Transport Data, NAD available, Gt bytes
available
Magic Bytes: 46666d
Option: Version, Major=1, Minor=0
Option: WKS: Well-Known Service List 0x0001
Option: LTO: Link TimeOut 0x64 (1000 ms)
3.2 LLCP connection
Initiator: Sending SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Tx-i: 00 00
Target: Sending CONNECT, ssap=27 dsap=1, option=SN("com.ietf.tls")
Rx_i: 05 1B 06 0C 63 6F 6D 2E 69 65 74 66 2E 74 6C 73
Initiator: Sending ConnectionComplete, ssap=16 dsap=27
Tx-i: 6D 90
Target: Sending SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Rx-i: 00 00
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3.3 Target: sending Client Hello
RecvLLCP Initiator: request size=5, buffer empty, sending SYMM
Initiator: Sending SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Tx-i: 00 00
SendLLCP Target: request size=82 bytes, Waiting for SYMM
Target: Receiving SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Target: Sending INFORMATION, ssap=27 dsap=16 Nr=0, Ns=0
Rx-i: 43 1B 00 16 03 01 00 4D 01 00 00 49 03 01 50 1A
A9 6B 82 55 1C B5 AD FF BC 87 21 66 5F B5 98 41
9E 17 33 39 45 F9 78 86 46 D6 F6 75 51 10 20 E7
0A 41 FE 8C F9 A0 38 D3 28 72 E8 04 7E C2 37 22
05 13 24 AA DE 2F 6B 67 4C 19 CE A5 7D A0 86 00
02 00 04 01 00
RecvLLCP_Initiator: request size=5 bytes, buffer=82 bytes
RecvLLCP_Initiator: request size=77 bytes, buffer=77 bytes
RecvLLCP_Initiator: buffer empty, sending RR(1), ssap=16 dsap=27
Tx-i: 6F 50 01
SendLLCP_Target: Receiving RR(1), ssap=16 dsap=27
SendLLCP_Target: empty buffer, Done, Sending SYMM
Target: Sending SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Initiator: Receiving SYMM ssap=0 dsap=0
Rx-i: 00 00
3.4 Inactivity Process
Initiator: Sending SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Tx-i: 00 00
RecvLLCP Target: request size=5 bytes, buffer empty
Target: Receiving SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Target: Sending SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Initiator: Receiving SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Rx-i: 00 00
3.5 Server: sending Server Hello
SendLLCP_Initiator: request size=122 bytes
Initiator: Sending INFORMATION, ssap=16 dsap=27 Nr=1 Ns=0
Tx-i: 6F 10 01 16 03 01 00 4A 02 00 00 46 03 01 50 1A
A9 6B 6C 0E 31 E1 F3 0E CD 18 E7 6F 81 BF 5F 3C
FD DE 00 4C A4 12 AE DC DF E4 FF 82 09 5E 20 E7
0A 41 FE 8C F9 A0 38 D3 28 72 E8 04 7E C2 37 22
05 13 24 AA DE 2F 6B 67 4C 19 CE A5 7D A0 86 00
04 00 14 03 01 00 01 01 16 03 01 00 20 83 18 D1
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E3 BC 3A 94 26 91 3D FC F3 8E 01 46 5E 52 8E 67
A2 66 FC 5F D5 89 78 59 66 14 BA D3 B0
RecvLLCP_Target: Receiving INFORMATION, ssap=16 dsap=27 Nr=1 Ns=0
RecvLLCP_Target: sending RR(1), ssap=27 dsap=16
RecvLLCP_Target: request size=74 bytes
RecvLLCP_Target: request size=5 bytes
RecvLLCP_Target: request size=1 byte
SendLLCP Initiator: Receiving RR(1), ssap=27 dsap=16
Rx-i: 43 5B 01
SendLLCP_Initiator: buffer empty, Done
RecvLLCP_Target: request size=5 bytes
RecvLLCP_Target: request size=32 bytes, Done, empty buffer
3.6 LLCP Inactivity Process
RecvLLCP_Initiator: request size=5, empty buffer, sending SYMM
Initiator: Sending SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Tx-i: 00 00
Target: Receiving SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Target: Sending SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Initiator: Receiving SYMM ssap=0 dsap=0
Rx-i: 00 00
3.7 Client: sending Client Finished
Initiator: Receiving SYMM ssap=0 dsap=0
Tx-i: 00 00
SendLLCP_Target: request size=43 bytes, Waiting for SYMM
Target: Receiving SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Target: Sending INFORMATION, ssap=27 dsap=16 Nr=1, Ns=1
Rx-i: 43 1B 11 14 03 01 00 01 01 16 03 01 00 20 57 DD
DE 29 9E E4 EF DD C5 18 87 50 C6 C7 B9 56 AD FA
EF 65 B2 24 48 04 2E FE 7D BD 97 E1 F3 3A
Initiator: Receiving INFORMATION, ssap=27 dsap=16 Nr=1, Ns=1
RecvLLCP_Initiator: request size= 5 bytes, buffer=43 bytes
RecvLLCP_Initiator: request size= 1 bytes, buffer=38 bytes
RecvLLCP_Initiator: request size= 5 bytes, buffer=37 bytes
RecvLLCP_Initiator: request size=32 bytes, buffer=32 bytes
RecvLLCP_Initiator: empty buffer, sending RR(2)
Initiator: Sending RR(2), ssap=16 dsap=27
Tx-i: 6F 50 02
Target: Receiving RR(2), ssap=16 dsap=27 Nr=2
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SendLLC_Target: empty buffer, Done, sending SYMM
Target: Sending SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Initiator: Receiving SYMM ssap=0 dsap=0
Rx-i: 00 00
3.8 Exchanging Data
3.8.1 Sending data from client to server
RecvLLCP_Initiator: request size=5 bytes, empty buffer, sending SYMM
Initiator: Sending SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Tx-i: 00 00
Target: Receiving SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
SendLLCP_Target: sending 27 bytes
Target: Sending INFORMATION, ssap=27 dsap=16 Nr=1, Ns=2
Initiator: Receiving INFORMATION, ssap=27 dsap=16 Nr=1, Ns=2
Rx-i: 43 1B 21 17 03 01 00 16 C2 D5 18 CB 0D AB 44 E5
0F 25 DB 83 6D 26 B7 74 E7 90 EF 33 8C FE
RecvLLCP_Initiator: request size= 5 bytes, buffer=27 bytes
RecvLLCP_Initiator: request size=22 bytes, buffer=22 bytes
Initiator: Sending RR(3), ssap=16 dsap=27
Tx-i: 6F 50 03
Target: Receiving RR(3), ssap=16 dsap=27
SendLLC_Target: empty buffer, Done, sending SYMM
Target: Sending SYMM, ssap=0 dsap=0
Initiator: Receiving SYMM ssap=0 dsap=0
Rx-i: 00 00
3.8.2 Sending data from server to client
SendLLCP Initiator: request size=27 bytes
Initiator: Sending INFORMATION, ssap=16 dsap=27 Nr=3 Ns=1
Tx-i: 6F 10 13 17 03 01 00 16 DC 82 FE B9 EA 1C 63 5C
AC 8C FE C9 A2 4F 8A FD 54 EE 18 F5 DB 30
RecvLLCP_Target: request size= 5 bytes
Target: Receiving INFORMATION, ssap=16 dsap=27 Nr=3 Ns=1
RecvLLCP_Target: sending RR(2)
Target: Sending RR(2), ssap=27 dsap=16
RecvLLCP_Target: request size=22 bytes, buffer=22 bytes, Done
Initiator: Receiving RR(2), ssap=27 dsap=16
Rx-i: 43 5B 02
SendLLCP Initiator: empty buffer, Done
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3.9 Closing TLS session, initiated by the Initiator
Initiator: Sending DISC, ssap=16 dsap=27
Tx-i: 6D 50
Target: Receiving DISC, ssap=16 dsap=27
Target: Sending DM, ssap=27 dsap=16
Initiator: Receiving DM, ssap=27 dsap=16
Rx-i: 41 DB 00
5 Security Considerations
To be done.
4 IANA Considerations
6 References
6.1 Normative References
[TLS 1.0] Dierks, T., C. Allen, "The TLS Protocol Version 1.0", RFC
2246, January 1999
[TLS 1.1] Dierks, T., Rescorla, E., "The Transport Layer Security
(TLS) Protocol Version 1.1", RFC 4346, April 2006
[TLS 1.2] Dierks, T., Rescorla, E., "The Transport Layer Security
(TLS) Protocol Version 1.1", draft-ietf-tls-rfc4346-bis-10.txt,
March 2008
[ECMA340] "Near Field Communication Interface and Protocol (NFCIP-
1)", Standard ECMA-340, December 2004
[ISO/IEC 18092] "Information technology - Telecommunications and
information exchange between systems - Near Field Communication -
Interface and Protocol (NFCIP-1)", April 2004
[LLCP] "Logical Link Control Protocol", Technical Specification, NFC
ForumTM, LLCP 1.1, June 2011
[SNEP] "Simple NDEF Exchange Protocol", Technical Specification, NFC
ForumTM, SNEP 1.0, August 2011
[NDEF] "NFC Data Exchange Format (NDEF)", Technical Specification
NFC ForumTM, NDEF 1.0, July 2006.
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[ISO7816] ISO 7816, "Cards Identification - Integrated Circuit Cards
with Contacts", The International Organization for Standardization
(ISO)
[IEEE 802.2] IEEE Std 802.2, "IEEE Standard for Information
technology Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems Local and metropolitan area networks, Specific requirements,
Part 2: Logical Link Control", 1998
6.2 Informative References
[NPP} "Android NDEF Push Protocol Specification Version 1", February
2011
7 Authors' Addresses
Pascal Urien
Telecom ParisTech
23 avenue d' Italie
75013 Paris Phone: NA
France Email: Pascal.Urien@telecom-paristech.fr
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