Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
RFC 2338
| Document | Type |
RFC - Proposed Standard
(April 1998; No errata)
Obsoleted by RFC 3768
Was draft-ietf-vrrp-spec (vrrp WG)
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|---|---|---|---|
| Last updated | 2013-03-02 | ||
| Stream | IETF | ||
| Formats | plain text pdf html bibtex | ||
| Stream | WG state | (None) | |
| Document shepherd | No shepherd assigned | ||
| IESG | IESG state | RFC 2338 (Proposed Standard) | |
| Consensus Boilerplate | Unknown | ||
| Telechat date | |||
| Responsible AD | (None) | ||
| Send notices to | (None) | ||
Network Working Group S. Knight
Request for Comments: 2338 D. Weaver
Category: Standards Track Ascend Communications, Inc.
D. Whipple
Microsoft, Inc.
R. Hinden
D. Mitzel
P. Hunt
Nokia
P. Higginson
M. Shand
Digital Equipment Corp.
A. Lindem
IBM Corporation
April 1998
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
Status of this Memo
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1998). All Rights Reserved.
Abstract
This memo defines the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP).
VRRP specifies an election protocol that dynamically assigns
responsibility for a virtual router to one of the VRRP routers on a
LAN. The VRRP router controlling the IP address(es) associated with
a virtual router is called the Master, and forwards packets sent to
these IP addresses. The election process provides dynamic fail over
in the forwarding responsibility should the Master become
unavailable. This allows any of the virtual router IP addresses on
the LAN to be used as the default first hop router by end-hosts. The
advantage gained from using VRRP is a higher availability default
path without requiring configuration of dynamic routing or router
discovery protocols on every end-host.
Knight, et. al. Standards Track [Page 1]
RFC 2338 VRRP April 1998
Table of Contents
1. Introduction...............................................2
2. Required Features..........................................5
3. VRRP Overview..............................................6
4. Sample Configurations......................................8
5. Protocol...................................................9
5.1 VRRP Packet Format....................................10
5.2 IP Field Descriptions.................................10
5.3 VRRP Field Descriptions...............................11
6. Protocol State Machine....................................13
6.1 Parameters............................................13
6.2 Timers................................................15
6.3 State Transition Diagram..............................15
6.4 State Descriptions....................................15
7. Sending and Receiving VRRP Packets........................18
7.1 Receiving VRRP Packets................................18
7.2 Transmitting Packets..................................19
7.3 Virtual MAC Address...................................19
8. Operational Issues........................................20
8.1 ICMP Redirects........................................20
8.2 Host ARP Requests.....................................20
8.3 Proxy ARP.............................................20
9. Operation over FDDI and Token Ring........................21
9.1 Operation over FDDI...................................21
9.2 Operation over Token Ring.............................21
10. Security Considerations...................................23
10.1 No Authentication....................................23
10.2 Simple Text Password.................................23
10.3 IP Authentication Header.............................24
11. Acknowledgments...........................................24
12. References................................................24
13. Authors' Addresses........................................25
14. Full Copyright Statement..................................27
1. Introduction
There are a number of methods that an end-host can use to determine
its first hop router towards a particular IP destination. These
include running (or snooping) a dynamic routing protocol such as
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