Experience with the BGP-4 Protocol
RFC 4277
| Document | Type | RFC - Informational (January 2006; Errata) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Danny McPherson , Keyur Patel | ||
| Last updated | 2018-12-20 | ||
| Stream | IETF | ||
| Formats | plain text html pdf htmlized bibtex | ||
| Stream | WG state | (None) | |
| Document shepherd | No shepherd assigned | ||
| IESG | IESG state | RFC 4277 (Informational) | |
| Action Holders |
(None)
|
||
| Consensus Boilerplate | Unknown | ||
| Telechat date | |||
| Responsible AD | Alex Zinin | ||
| Send notices to | shares@nexthop.com, yakov@juniper.net | ||
Network Working Group D. McPherson
Request for Comments: 4277 Arbor Networks
Category: Informational K. Patel
Cisco Systems
January 2006
Experience with the BGP-4 Protocol
Status of This Memo
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does
not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this
memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).
Abstract
The purpose of this memo is to document how the requirements for
publication of a routing protocol as an Internet Draft Standard have
been satisfied by Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP-4).
This report satisfies the requirement for "the second report", as
described in Section 6.0 of RFC 1264. In order to fulfill the
requirement, this report augments RFC 1773 and describes additional
knowledge and understanding gained in the time between when the
protocol was made a Draft Standard and when it was submitted for
Standard.
McPherson & Patel Informational [Page 1]
RFC 4277 Experience with the BGP-4 Protocol January 2006
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ................................................. 3
2. BGP-4 Overview ............................................... 3
2.1. A Border Gateway Protocol .............................. 3
3. Management Information Base (MIB) ............................ 3
4. Implementation Information ................................... 4
5. Operational Experience ....................................... 4
6. TCP Awareness ................................................ 5
7. Metrics ...................................................... 5
7.1. MULTI_EXIT_DISC (MED) .................................. 5
7.1.1. MEDs and Potatoes .............................. 6
7.1.2. Sending MEDs to BGP Peers ...................... 7
7.1.3. MED of Zero Versus No MED ...................... 7
7.1.4. MEDs and Temporal Route Selection .............. 7
8. Local Preference ............................................. 8
9. Internal BGP In Large Autonomous Systems ..................... 9
10. Internet Dynamics ............................................ 9
11. BGP Routing Information Bases (RIBs) ......................... 10
12. Update Packing ............................................... 10
13. Limit Rate Updates ........................................... 11
13.1. Consideration of TCP Characteristics ................... 11
14. Ordering of Path Attributes .................................. 12
15. AS_SET Sorting ............................................... 12
16. Control Over Version Negotiation ............................. 13
17. Security Considerations ...................................... 13
17.1. TCP MD5 Signature Option ............................... 13
17.2. BGP Over IPsec ......................................... 14
17.3. Miscellaneous .......................................... 14
18. PTOMAINE and GROW ............................................ 14
19. Internet Routing Registries (IRRs) ........................... 15
20. Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) and IRRs, A Bit
of History ................................................... 15
21. Acknowledgements ............................................. 16
22. References ................................................... 17
22.1. Normative References ................................... 17
22.2. Informative References ................................. 17
McPherson & Patel Informational [Page 2]
RFC 4277 Experience with the BGP-4 Protocol January 2006
1. Introduction
The purpose of this memo is to document how the requirements for
publication of a routing protocol as an Internet Draft Standard have
been satisfied by Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP-4).
This report satisfies the requirement for "the second report", as
described in Section 6.0 of [RFC1264]. In order to fulfill the
requirement, this report augments [RFC1773] and describes additional
knowledge and understanding gained in the time between when the
protocol was made a Draft Standard and when it was submitted for
Standard.
2. BGP-4 Overview
BGP is an inter-autonomous system routing protocol designed for
TCP/IP internets. The primary function of a BGP speaking system is
to exchange network reachability information with other BGP systems.
This network reachability information includes information on the
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