Analysis of Inter-Domain Routing Requirements and History
RFC 5773

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Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)                            E. Davies
Request for Comments: 5773                              Folly Consulting
Category: Historic                                              A. Doria
ISSN: 2070-1721                                                      LTU
                                                           February 2010

       Analysis of Inter-Domain Routing Requirements and History

Abstract

   This document analyzes the state of the Internet domain-based routing
   system, concentrating on Inter-Domain Routing (IDR) and also
   considering the relationship between inter-domain and intra-domain
   routing.  The analysis is carried out with respect to RFC 1126 and
   other IDR requirements and design efforts looking at the routing
   system as it appeared to be in 2001 with editorial additions
   reflecting developments up to 2006.  It is the companion document to
   "A Set of Possible Requirements for a Future Routing Architecture"
   (RFC 5772), which is a discussion of requirements for the future
   routing architecture, addressing systems developments and future
   routing protocols.  This document summarizes discussions held several
   years ago by members of the IRTF Routing Research Group (IRTF RRG)
   and other interested parties.  The document is published with the
   support of the IRTF RRG as a record of the work completed at that
   time, but with the understanding that it does not necessarily
   represent either the latest technical understanding or the technical
   consensus of the research group at the date of publication.

Status of This Memo

   This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is
   published for the historical record.

   This document defines a Historic Document for the Internet community.
   This document is a product of the Internet Research Task Force
   (IRTF).  The IRTF publishes the results of Internet-related research
   and development activities.  These results might not be suitable for
   deployment.  This RFC represents the individual opinion(s) of one or
   more members of the Routing Research Group of the Internet Research
   Task Force (IRTF).  Documents approved for publication by the IRSG
   are not a candidate for any level of Internet Standard; see Section 2
   of RFC 5741.

   Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
   and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
   http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5773.

Davies & Doria                  Historic                        [Page 1]
RFC 5773                       IDR History                 February 2010

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.

Davies & Doria                  Historic                        [Page 2]
RFC 5773                       IDR History                 February 2010

Table of Contents

   1. Provenance of This Document .....................................4
   2. Introduction ....................................................5
      2.1. Background .................................................7
   3. Historical Perspective ..........................................7
      3.1. The Legacy of RFC 1126 .....................................7
           3.1.1. General Requirements ................................8
           3.1.2. "Functional Requirements" ..........................13
           3.1.3. "Non-Goals" ........................................21
      3.2. ISO OSI IDRP, BGP, and the Development of Policy Routing ..25
      3.3. Nimrod Requirements .......................................30
      3.4. PNNI ......................................................32
   4. Recent Research Work ...........................................33
      4.1. Developments in Internet Connectivity .....................33
      4.2. DARPA NewArch Project .....................................34
           4.2.1. Defending the End-to-End Principle .................35
   5. Existing Problems of BGP and the Current Inter-/Intra-Domain
      Architecture ...................................................35
      5.1. BGP and Auto-Aggregation ..................................36
      5.2. Convergence and Recovery Issues ...........................36
      5.3. Non-Locality of Effects of Instability and
           Misconfiguration ..........................................37
      5.4. Multi-Homing Issues .......................................37
      5.5. AS Number Exhaustion ......................................38
      5.6. Partitioned ASs ...........................................39