Offer/Answer Considerations for G723 Annex A and G729 Annex B
RFC 7261

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)                        M. Perumal
Request for Comments: 7261                                 Cisco Systems
Category: Standards Track                                   P. Ravindran
ISSN: 2070-1721                                                      NSN
                                                                May 2014

     Offer/Answer Considerations for G723 Annex A and G729 Annex B

Abstract

   This document provides the offer/answer considerations for the annexa
   parameter of G723 and the annexb parameter of G729, G729D, and G729E
   when the value of the annexa or annexb parameter does not match in
   the Session Description Protocol (SDP) offer and answer.

Status of This Memo

   This is an Internet Standards Track document.

   This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
   (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
   received public review and has been approved for publication by the
   Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Further information on
   Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.

   Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
   and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
   http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7261.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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   described in the Simplified BSD License.

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RFC 7261        Offer/Answer G723 AnnexA and G729 AnnexB        May 2014

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   3.  Offer/Answer Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     3.1.  Considerations for Use of Comfort Noise Frames  . . . . .   3
     3.2.  Offer/Answer Considerations for G723 Annex A  . . . . . .   3
     3.3.  Offer/Answer Considerations for G729 Annex B, G729D Annex
           B, and G729E Annex B  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   4.  Examples  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     4.1.  Offer with G729 annexb=yes and Answer with G729 annexb=no   5
     4.2.  Offer with G729 annexb=yes and Answer with G729 and No
           annexb Parameter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     4.3.  Offer with G729 and No annexb Parameter and Answer with
           G729 annexb=no  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   5.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   6.  Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   7.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7

1.  Introduction

   [RFC4856] describes the annexa parameter for G723 as follows:

      annexa: indicates that Annex A, voice activity detection, is used
      or preferred.  Permissible values are "yes" and "no" (without the
      quotes); "yes" is implied if this parameter is omitted.

   Also, [RFC4856] describes the annexb parameter for G729, G729D, and
   G729E as follows:

      annexb: indicates that Annex B, voice activity detection, is used
      or preferred.  Permissible values are "yes" and "no" (without the
      quotes); "yes" is implied if this parameter is omitted.

   However, a problem arises when the value of the annexa or annexb
   parameter does not match in the SDP [RFC4566] offer and answer.

   For example, if the offer has G729 with annexb=yes and the answer has
   G729 with annexb=no, it can be interpreted in two different ways:

   o  The offerer and answerer proceed as if G729 is negotiated with
      annexb=yes, or

   o  The offerer and answerer proceed as if G729 is negotiated with
      annexb=no.

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RFC 7261        Offer/Answer G723 AnnexA and G729 AnnexB        May 2014

   Since this is not clear in the existing specifications, various
   implementations have interpreted the offer/answer in their own ways,
   resulting in a different codec being chosen to call failure, when the
   parameter value does not match in the offer and answer.

   [RFC3264] requires SDP extensions that define new fmtp parameters to
   specify their proper interpretation in offer/answer.  This document
   specifies the proper interpretation for the annexa and annexb
   parameters in offer/answer.

2.  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].

3.  Offer/Answer Considerations

   The general objective of the offer/answer considerations is to make
   sure that if the offerer or answerer indicates it does not support
   Annex A or Annex B, then Annex A or Annex B is not used.

3.1.  Considerations for Use of Comfort Noise Frames

   [RFC3551] states that:

      Receivers MUST accept comfort noise frames if restriction of their
      use has not been signaled.  The MIME registration for G729 in RFC
      3555 specifies a parameter that MAY be used with MIME or SDP to
      restrict the use of comfort noise frames.

   Hence, if the SDP offer or answer indicates that comfort noise is not
   supported, comfort noise frames MUST NOT be used.

3.2.  Offer/Answer Considerations for G723 Annex A

   When the offer or answer has G723 and the annexa parameter is absent,
   the offerer or answerer knows that it has implied the default
   "annexa=yes".  This is because the annexa attribute is part of the
   original registration of audio/G723 [RFC4856].  All implementations
   that support G723 understand the annexa attribute.  Hence, this case
   MUST be considered as if the offer or answer has G723 with
   annexa=yes.

   When the offer has G723 with annexa=yes and the answer has G723 with
   annexa=no, the offerer and answerer MUST proceed as if G723 is
   negotiated with annexa=no.

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RFC 7261        Offer/Answer G723 AnnexA and G729 AnnexB        May 2014

   When the offer has G723 with annexa=no, after the offer/answer
   completion the offerer and answerer MUST proceed as if G723 is
   negotiated with annexa=no.

      When the offer has G723 with annexa=no, the reason for not
      mandating that the answer MUST have annexa=no for G723 is that
      there are implementations that omit the annexa parameter in
      answer.  In such cases, the offerer and answerer proceed as if
      G723 is negotiated with annexa=no.

   When the offer has G723 with no annexa parameter and the answer has
   G723 with annexa=yes, the offerer and answerer MUST proceed as if
   G723 is negotiated with annexa=yes.

3.3.  Offer/Answer Considerations for G729 Annex B, G729D Annex B, and
      G729E Annex B

   In this section, G729 represents any of G729 or G729D or G729E.

   When the offer or answer has G729 and the annexb parameter is absent,
   the offerer or answerer knows that it has implied the default
   "annexb=yes".  This is because the annexb attribute is part of the
   original registration of audio/G729 [RFC4856].  All implementations
   that support G729 understand the annexb attribute.  Hence, this case
   MUST be considered as if the offer or answer has G729 with
   annexb=yes.

   When the offer has G729 with annexb=yes and the answer has G729 with
   annexb=no, the offerer and answerer MUST proceed as if G729 is
   negotiated with annexb=no.

   When the offer has G729 with annexb=no, after the offer/answer
   completion the offerer and answerer MUST proceed as if G729 is
   negotiated with annexb=no.

      When the offer has G729 with annexb=no, the reason for not
      mandating that the answer MUST have annexb=no for G729 is that
      there are implementations that omit the annexb parameter in the
      answer.  In such cases, the offerer and answerer proceed as if
      G729 is negotiated with annexb=no.

   When the offer has G729 with no annexb parameter and the answer has
   G729 with annexb=yes, the offerer and answerer MUST proceed as if
   G729 is negotiated with annexb=yes.

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4.  Examples

4.1.  Offer with G729 annexb=yes and Answer with G729 annexb=no

           [Offer with G729 annexb=yes]

           v=0
           o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 host.atlanta.example.com
           s=
           c=IN IP4 host.atlanta.example.com
           t=0 0
           m=audio 49170 RTP/AVP 18
           a=rtpmap:18 G729/8000
           a=fmtp:18 annexb=yes

           [Answer with G729 annexb=no]

           v=0
           o=bob 1890844326 1890844326 IN IP4 host.bangalore.example.com
           s=
           c=IN IP4 host.bangalore.example.com
           t=0 0
           m=audio 19140 RTP/AVP 18
           a=rtpmap:18 G729/8000
           a=fmtp:18 annexb=no

   In the above example, the offerer and answerer proceed as if G729 is
   negotiated with annexb=no.

4.2.  Offer with G729 annexb=yes and Answer with G729 and No annexb
      Parameter

           [Offer with G729 annexb=yes]

           v=0
           o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 host.atlanta.example.com
           s=
           c=IN IP4 host.atlanta.example.com
           t=0 0
           m=audio 49170 RTP/AVP 18
           a=rtpmap:18 G729/8000
           a=fmtp:18 annexb=yes

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RFC 7261        Offer/Answer G723 AnnexA and G729 AnnexB        May 2014

           [Answer with G729 and no annexb parameter]

           v=0
           o=bob 1890844326 1890844326 IN IP4 host.bangalore.example.com
           s=
           c=IN IP4 host.bangalore.example.com
           t=0 0
           m=audio 19140 RTP/AVP 18
           a=rtpmap:18 G729/8000

   In the above example, the offerer and answerer proceed as if G729 is
   negotiated with annexb=yes.

4.3.  Offer with G729 and No annexb Parameter and Answer with G729
      annexb=no

           [Offer with G729 and no annexb parameter]

           v=0
           o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 host.atlanta.example.com
           s=
           c=IN IP4 host.atlanta.example.com
           t=0 0
           m=audio 49170 RTP/AVP 18
           a=rtpmap:18 G729/8000

           [Answer with G729 annexb=no]

           v=0
           o=bob 1890844326 1890844326 IN IP4 host.bangalore.example.com
           s=
           c=IN IP4 host.bangalore.example.com
           t=0 0
           m=audio 19140 RTP/AVP 18
           a=rtpmap:18 G729/8000
           a=fmtp:18 annexb=no

   In the above example, the offerer and answerer proceed as if G729 is
   negotiated with annexb=no.

5.  Security Considerations

   The guidelines described in [RFC6562] are to be followed for Use of
   Voice Activity Detection (i.e., Annex A or Annex B) with the Secure
   Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP).

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6.  Acknowledgments

   Thanks to Flemming Andreasen (Cisco), Miguel A. Garcia (Ericsson),
   Ali C. Begen (Cisco), Paul Kyzivat (Huawei), Roni Even (Huawei),
   Kevin Riley (Sonus), Ashish Sharma (Sonus), Kevin P. Fleming
   (Digium), Dale Worley (Avaya), Cullen Jennings (Cisco), Ari Keranen
   (Ericsson), Harprit S. Chhatwal (InnoMedia), Aurelien Sollaud
   (Orange), SM, Stephen Casner, Keith Drage (Alcatel-Lucent), Stephen
   Farrell, Barry Leiba, and Ted Lemon for their valuable input and
   comments.  Martin Dolly (ATT) and Hadriel Kaplan (Acme Packet)
   provided useful suggestions at the mic at IETF 83.

7.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC3264]  Rosenberg, J. and H. Schulzrinne, "An Offer/Answer Model
              with Session Description Protocol (SDP)", RFC 3264, June
              2002.

   [RFC3551]  Schulzrinne, H. and S. Casner, "RTP Profile for Audio and
              Video Conferences with Minimal Control", STD 65, RFC 3551,
              July 2003.

   [RFC4566]  Handley, M., Jacobson, V., and C. Perkins, "SDP: Session
              Description Protocol", RFC 4566, July 2006.

   [RFC4856]  Casner, S., "Media Type Registration of Payload Formats in
              the RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences", RFC
              4856, February 2007.

   [RFC6562]  Perkins, C. and JM. Valin, "Guidelines for the Use of
              Variable Bit Rate Audio with Secure RTP", RFC 6562, March
              2012.

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RFC 7261        Offer/Answer G723 AnnexA and G729 AnnexB        May 2014

Authors' Addresses

   Muthu Arul Mozhi Perumal
   Cisco Systems
   Cessna Business Park
   Sarjapur-Marathahalli Outer Ring Road
   Bangalore, Karnataka  560103
   India

   EMail: mperumal@cisco.com

   Parthasarathi Ravindran
   NSN
   Manyata Embassy Business park
   Bangalore, Karnataka  560045
   India

   EMail: partha@parthasarathi.co.in

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