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Internet Email to Support Diverse Service Environments (Lemonade) Profile
draft-ietf-lemonade-profile-07

The information below is for an old version of the document that is already published as an RFC.
Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 4550.
Authors Alexey Melnikov , Stéphane H. Maes
Last updated 2020-01-21 (Latest revision 2006-01-20)
RFC stream Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
Intended RFC status Proposed Standard
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Stream WG state (None)
Document shepherd (None)
IESG IESG state Became RFC 4550 (Proposed Standard)
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(None)
Consensus boilerplate Unknown
Telechat date (None)
Responsible AD Ted Hardie
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draft-ietf-lemonade-profile-07
Internet Draft: Lemonade Profile                             S. H. Maes
Document: draft-ietf-lemonade-profile-07.txt                A. Melnikov
Expires: July 2006                                         January 2006
   
   
                            Lemonade Profile
   
Status of this Memo

   By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
   applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
   have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
   aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.
   
   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
   other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
   Drafts.
   
   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
   
   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
        http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt
   
   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
        http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
   
Abstract
   
   This document describes a profile (a set of required extensions,
   restrictions and usage modes) of the IMAP and mail submission
   protocols. This profile allows clients (especially those that are
   constrained in memory, bandwidth, processing power, or other areas)
   to efficiently use IMAP and Submission to access and submit mail.
   This includes the ability to forward received mail without needing to
   download and upload the mail, to optimize submission and to
   efficiently resynchronize in case of loss of connectivity with the
   server.
   
   The Lemonade profile relies upon extensions to IMAP and Mail
   Submission protocols; specifically URLAUTH and CATENATE IMAP protocol
   [RFC3501] extensions and BURL extension to the SUBMIT protocol
   [SUBMIT].

Conventions used in this document
   
   In examples, "M:", "I:" and "S:" indicate lines sent by the client
   messaging user agent, IMAP e-mail server and SMTP submit server
   respectively.
   
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
   
   All examples in this document are optimized for Lemonade use and
   might not represent examples of proper protocol usage for a general
   use Submit/IMAP client. In particular examples assume that Lemonade
   Submit and IMAP servers support all Lemonade extensions described in
   this document, so they don't show how to deal with absence of an
   extension.

Table of Contents
         
   Status of this Memo                                               1
   Abstract                                                          1
   Conventions used in this document                                 2
   Table of Contents                                                 2
   1. Introduction                                                   3
   2. Forward without download                                       4
      2.1. Motivations                                               4
      2.2. Message Sending Overview                                  4
      2.3. Traditional Strategy                                      5
      2.4. Step by step description                                  6
         2.4.1. Message assembly using IMAP CATENATE extension       7
         2.4.2. Message assembly using SMTP CHUNKING and BURL extensions
         10
      2.5. Normative statements related to forward without download 14
      2.6. Security Considerations for pawn-tickets.                14
      2.7. The fcc problem                                          14
      2.8. Registration of $Forwarded IMAP keyword                  15
   3. Message Submission                                            15
      3.1. Pipelining                                               15
      3.2. DSN Support                                              16
      3.3. Message size declaration                                 16
      3.4. Enhanced status code Support                             16
      3.5. TLS                                                      16
   4. Quick resynchronization                                       16
   5. Additional IMAP extensions                                    16
   6. Summary of the required IMAP and SMTP extensions              17
   7. Future work                                                   18
   8. Security Considerations                                       18
      8.1. Confidentiality Protection of Submitted Messages         18
      8.2. TLS                                                      19
   9. IANA Considerations                                           19
   10. References                                                   19
      10.1. Normative References                                    19
      10.2. Informative References                                  21
   Open issues                                                      21
   Version History                                                  21
   Acknowledgments                                                  22
   Authors Addresses                                                23
   Intellectual Property Statement                                  23
   
   
1.    Introduction
   
   Lemonade provides enhancements to Internet email to support diverse
   service environments.
   
   This document describes the lemonade profile that includes:
      -    "Forward without download" that describes exchanges between
           Lemonade clients and servers to allow to submit new email
           messages incorporating content which resides on locations
           external to the client.
      -    Quick mailbox resynchronization using [CONDSTORE].
      -    Several IMAP and SMTP extensions that allow saving bandwidth
           and/or number of round trips required to send/receive data.
   
   The organization of this document is as follows.  Section 2 describes
   the Forward without download. Section 3 describes additional SMTP
   extensions that must be supported by all Lemonade Submission servers.
   Section 4 describes IMAP quick resynchronization.
   
2.   Forward without download
   
2.1. Motivations
   
   The advent of client/server email using the [RFC3501], [RFC2821] and
   [SUBMIT] protocols has changed what formerly were local disk
   operations to become repetitive network data transmissions.
   
   Lemonade "forward without download" makes use of the [BURL] SUBMIT
   extension to enable access to external sources during the submission
   of a message.  In combination with the IMAP [URLAUTH] extension,
   inclusion of message parts or even entire messages from the IMAP mail
   store is possible with a minimal trust relationship between the IMAP
   and SMTP SUBMIT servers.
   
   Lemonade "forward without download" has the advantage of maintaining
   one submission protocol, and thus avoids the risk of having multiple
   parallel and possibly divergent mechanisms for submission. The client
   can use Submit/SMTP [SUBMIT] extensions without these being added to
   IMAP. Furthermore, by keeping the details of message submission in
   the SMTP SUBMIT server, Lemonade "forward without download" can work
   with other message retrieval protocols such as POP, NNTP, or whatever
   else may be designed in the future.
   
2.2. Message Sending Overview
   
   The act of sending an email message can be thought of as involving
   multiple steps: initiation of a new draft, draft editing, message
   assembly, and message submission.
   
   Initiation of a new draft and draft editing takes place in the MUA.
   Frequently, users choose to save more complex messages on an
   [RFC3501] server (via the APPEND command with the \Draft flag) for
   later recall by the MUA and resumption of the editing process.
   
   Message assembly is the process of producing a complete message from
   the final revision of the draft and external sources.  At assembly
   time, external data is retrieved and inserted in the message.
   
   Message submission is the process of inserting the assembled message
   into the [RFC2821] infrastructure, typically using the [SUBMIT]
   protocol.
   
2.3. Traditional Strategy
   
   Traditionally, messages are initiated, edited, and assembled entirely
   within an MUA, although drafts may be saved to an [RFC3501] server
   and later retrieved from the server.  The completed text is then
   transmitted to an MSA for delivery.
   
   There is often no clear boundary between the editing and assembly
   process.  If a message is forwarded, its content is often retrieved
   immediately and inserted into the message text.  Similarly, when
   external content is inserted or attached, the content is usually
   retrieved immediately and made part of the draft.
   
   As a consequence, each save of a draft and subsequent retrieve of the
   draft transmits that entire (possibly large) content, as does message
   submission.
   
   In the past, this was not much of a problem, because drafts, external
   data, and the message submission mechanism were typically located on
   the same system as the MUA.  The most common problem was running out
   of disk quota.
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
2.4. Step by step description
   
   The model distinguishes between a Messaging User Agent (MUA), an
   IMAPv4Rev1 Server ([RFC3501]) and a SMTP submit server ([SUBMIT]), as
   illustrated in Figure 1.
   
        +--------------------+               +--------------+
        |                    | <------------ |              |
        |     MUA (M)        |               | IMAPv4Rev1   |
        |                    |               |  Server      |
        |                    | ------------> | (Server I)   |
        +--------------------+               +--------------+
               ^    |                              ^     |
               |    |                              |     |
               |    |                              |     |
               |    |                              |     |
               |    |                              |     |
               |    |                              |     |
               |    |                              |     v
               |    |                        +--------------+
               |    |----------------------> |   SMTP       |
               |                             |   Submit     |
               |-----------------------------|   Server     |
                                             |  (Server S)  |
                                             +--------------+
             Figure 1:  Lemonade "forward without download"
   
   
   Lemonade "forward without download" allows a Messaging User Agent to
   compose and forward an e-mail combining fragments that are located in
   an IMAP server, without having to download these fragments to the
   client.
   
   There are two ways to perform "forward without download" based on
   where the message assembly takes place.  The first uses extended
   APPEND command [CATENATE] to edit a draft message in the message
   store and cause the message assembly on the IMAP server. The second
   uses a succession of BURL and BDAT commands to submit and assemble
   through concatenation, message data from the client and external data
   fetched from the provided URL. The two subsequent sections provide
   step-by-step instructions on how "forward without download" is
   achieved.
   
   
2.4.1.    Message assembly using IMAP CATENATE extension
   
   In the [BURL]/[CATENATE] variant of the Lemonade "forward without
   download" strategy, messages are initially composed and edited within
   an MUA.  The [CATENATE] extension to [RFC3501] is then used to create
   the messages on the IMAP server by transmitting new text and
   assembling them. The [UIDPLUS] IMAP extension is used by the client
   in order to learn the UID of the created messages. Finally a
   [URLAUTH] format URL is given to a [SUBMIT] server for submission
   using the [BURL] extension.
   
   The flow involved to support such a use case consists of:
      M: {to I -- Optional} The client connects to the IMAP server,
     optionally starts TLS (if data confidentiality is required),
     authenticates, opens a mailbox ("INBOX" in the example below) and
     fetches body structures (See [RFC3501]).
     
     Example:
           M: A0051 UID FETCH 25627 (UID BODYSTRUCTURE)
           I: * 161 FETCH (UID 25627 BODYSTRUCTURE (("TEXT" "PLAIN"
              ("CHARSET" "US-ASCII") NIL NIL "7BIT" 1152 23)(
              "TEXT" "PLAIN" ("CHARSET" "US-ASCII" "NAME"
              "trip.txt")
              "<960723163407.20117h@washington.example.com>"
              "Your trip details" "BASE64" 4554 73) "MIXED"))
           I: A0051 OK completed
     
      M: {to I} The client invokes CATENATE (See [CATENATE] for details
     of the semantics and steps) -- this allows the MUA to create
     messages on the IMAP server using new data combined with one or
     more message parts already present on the IMAP server.
     
     Note that the example for this step doesn't use the LITERAL+
     [LITERAL+] extension. Without LITERAL+ the new message is
     constructed using 3 round-trips. If LITERAL+ is used, the new
     message can be constructed using one round-trip.
     
        M: A0052 APPEND Sent FLAGS (\Seen $MDNSent)
           CATENATE (TEXT {475}
        I: + Ready for literal data
        M: Message-ID: <419399E1.6000505@caernarfon.example.org>
        M: Date: Thu, 12 Nov 2004 16:57:05 +0000
        M: From: Bob Ar <bar@example.org>
        M: MIME-Version: 1.0
        M: To: foo@example.net
        M: Subject: About our holiday trip
        M: Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
        M:     boundary="------------030308070208000400050907"
        M:
        M: --------------030308070208000400050907
        M: Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
        M:
        M: Our travel agent has sent the updated schedule.
        M:
        M: Cheers,
        M: Bob
        M: --------------030308070208000400050907
        M:  URL "/INBOX;UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;
           UID=25627;Section=2.MIME" URL "/INBOX;
           UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=25627;Section=2" TEXT {44}
        I: + Ready for literal data
        M:
        M: --------------030308070208000400050907--
        M: )
        I: A0052 OK [APPENDUID 387899045 45] CATENATE Completed
     
      M: {to I} The client uses GENURLAUTH command to request a URLAUTH
     URL (See [URLAUTH]).
      I: {to M} The IMAP server returns a URLAUTH URL suitable for later
     retrieval with URLFETCH (See [URLAUTH] for details of the semantics
     and steps).
     
        M: A0054 GENURLAUTH "imap://bob.ar@example.org/Sent;
           UIDVALIDITY=387899045/;uid=45/;expire=2005-10-
           28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar" INTERNAL
        I: * GENURLAUTH "imap://bob.ar@example.org/Sent;
           UIDVALIDITY=387899045/;uid=45/;expire=
           2005-10-28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar:
           internal:91354a473744909de610943775f92038"
        I: A0054 OK GENURLAUTH completed

      M: {to S} The client connects to the mail submission server and
     starts a new mail transaction. It uses BURL to let the SMTP submit
     server fetch the content of the message from the IMAP server (See
     [BURL] for details of the semantics and steps -- this allows the
     MUA to authorize the SMTP submit server to access the message
     composed as a result of the CATENATE step). Note that the second
     EHLO command is required after a successful STARTTLS command.
     Also note that there might be a third required EHLO command if the
     second EHLO response doesn't list any BURL options. Section 2.4.2
     demonstrates this.
     
        S: 220 owlry.example.org ESMTP
        M: EHLO potter.example.org
        S: 250-owlry.example.com
        S: 250-8BITMIME
        S: 250-BINARYMIME
        S: 250-PIPELINING
        S: 250-BURL imap
        S: 250-CHUNKING
        S: 250-AUTH PLAIN
        S: 250-DSN
        S: 250-SIZE 10240000
        S: 250-STARTTLS
        S: 250 ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
        M: STARTTLS
        S: 220 Ready to start TLS
        ...TLS negotiation, subsequent data is encrypted...
        M: EHLO potter.example.org
        S: 250-owlry.example.com
        S: 250-8BITMIME
        S: 250-BINARYMIME
        S: 250-PIPELINING
        S: 250-BURL imap
        S: 250-CHUNKING
        S: 250-AUTH PLAIN
        S: 250-DSN
        S: 250-SIZE 10240000
        S: 250 ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
        M: AUTH PLAIN aGFycnkAaGFycnkAYWNjaW8=
        S: 235 2.7.0 PLAIN authentication successful.
        M: MAIL FROM:<bob.ar@example.org>
        S: 250 2.5.0 Address Ok.
        M: RCPT TO:<foo@example.net>
        S: 250 2.1.5 foo@example.net OK.
        M: BURL imap://bob.ar@example.org/Sent;UIDVALIDITY=387899045/;
           uid=45/;urlauth=submit+bar:internal:
           91354a473744909de610943775f92038 LAST
     
      S: {to I} The mail submission server uses URLFETCH to fetch the
     message to be sent (See [URLAUTH] for details of the semantics and
     steps. The so-called "pawn-ticket" authorization mechanism uses a
     URI which contains its own authorization credentials.).
      I: {to S} Provides the message composed as a result of the
     CATENATE step).
     
     Mail submission server opens IMAP connection to the IMAP server:
     
        I: * OK [CAPABILITY IMAP4REV1 STARTTLS NAMESPACE LITERAL+
           CATENATE URLAUTH] imap.example.com
           IMAP server ready
        S: a000 STARTTLS
        I: a000 Start TLS negotiation now
        ...TLS negotiation, if successful - subsequent data
           is encrypted...
        S: a001 LOGIN submitserver secret
        I: a001 OK submitserver logged in
        S: a002 URLFETCH "imap://bob.ar@example.org/Sent;
           UIDVALIDITY=387899045/;uid=45/;urlauth=submit+bob.ar:
           internal:91354a473744909de610943775f92038"
        I: * URLFETCH "imap://bob.ar@example.org/Sent;
           UIDVALIDITY=387899045/;uid=45/;urlauth=submit+bob.ar:
           internal:91354a473744909de610943775f92038" {15065}
        ...message body follows...
        S: a002 OK URLFETCH completed
        I: a003 LOGOUT
        S: * BYE See you later
        S: a003 OK Logout successful
     
     Note that if the IMAP server doesn't send CAPABILITY response code
     in the greeting, the mail submission server must issue the
     CAPABILITY command to learn about supported IMAP extensions as
     described in RFC 3501.
     
     Also, if data confidentiality is not required the mail submission
     server may omit the STARTTLS command before issuing the LOGIN
     command.
     
      S: {to M} Submission server assembles the complete message and if
     the assembly succeeds it returns OK to the MUA:
        S: 250 2.5.0 Ok.
     
     M: {to I} The client marks the forwarded message on the IMAP
     server.
     
        M: A0053 UID STORE 25627 +FLAGS.SILENT ($Forwarded)
        I: A0053 OK STORE completed
     
     Note: the UID STORE command shown above will only work if the
     marked message is in the currently selected mailbox. This command
     can be omitted. The $Forwarded IMAP keyword is described in section
     2.8.
     
   
2.4.2.    Message assembly using SMTP CHUNKING and BURL extensions
   
   In the [BURL]/[CHUNKING] variant of the Lemonade "forward without
   download" strategy, messages are initially composed and edited within
   an MUA.  During submission [RFC2476], BURL [BURL] and BDAT [CHINKING]
   commands are used to create the messages from multiple parts. New
   body parts are supplied using BDAT commands, while existing body
   parts are referenced using [URLAUTH] format URLs in BURL commands.
   
   The flow involved to support such a use case consists of:
      M: {to I -- Optional} The client connects to the IMAP server,
     optionally starts TLS (if data confidentiality is required),
     authenticates, opens a mailbox ("INBOX" in the example below) and
     fetches body structures (See [RFC3501]).
     
     Example:
           M: A0051 UID FETCH 25627 (UID BODYSTRUCTURE)
           I: * 161 FETCH (UID 25627 BODYSTRUCTURE (("TEXT" "PLAIN"
              ("CHARSET" "US-ASCII") NIL NIL "7BIT" 1152 23)(
              "TEXT" "PLAIN" ("CHARSET" "US-ASCII" "NAME"
              "trip.txt")
              "<960723163407.20117h@washington.example.com>"
              "Your trip details" "BASE64" 4554 73) "MIXED"))
           I: A0051 OK completed
     
      M: {to I} The client uses GENURLAUTH command to request URLAUTH
     URLs (See [URLAUTH]) referencing pieces of the message to be
     assembled.
      I: {to M} The IMAP server returns URLAUTH URLs suitable for later
     retrieval with URLFETCH (See [URLAUTH] for details of the semantics
     and steps).
     
        M: A0054 GENURLAUTH "imap://bob.ar@example.org/INBOX;
           UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=25627;Section=2.MIME;
           expire=2006-10-28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar"
           INTERNAL "imap://bob.ar@example.org/INBOX;
           UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=25627;Section=2;
           expire=2006-10-28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar" INTERNAL
        I: * GENURLAUTH "imap://bob.ar@example.org/INBOX;
           UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=25627;Section=2.MIME;
           expire=2006-10-28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar:
           internal:A0DEAD473744909de610943775f9BEEF"
           "imap://bob.ar@example.org/INBOX;
           UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=25627;Section=2;
           expire=2006-10-28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar:
           internal:BEEFA0DEAD473744909de610943775f9"
        I: A0054 OK GENURLAUTH completed

      M: {to S} The client connects to the mail submission server and
     starts a new mail transaction. It uses BURL to instruct the SMTP
     submit server to fetch from the IMAP server pieces of the message
     to be sent (See [BURL] for details of the semantics and steps).
     Note that the second EHLO command is required after a successful
     STARTTLS command. The third EHLO command is required if and only if
     the second EHLO response doesn't list any BURL options. See section
     2.4.1 for an example of submission where the third EHLO
     command/response is not present.
     
        S: 220 owlry.example.org ESMTP
        M: EHLO potter.example.org
        S: 250-owlry.example.com
        S: 250-8BITMIME
        S: 250-BINARYMIME
        S: 250-PIPELINING
        S: 250-BURL
        S: 250-CHUNKING
        S: 250-AUTH DIGEST-MD5
        S: 250-DSN
        S: 250-SIZE 10240000
        S: 250-STARTTLS
        S: 250 ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
        M: STARTTLS
        S: 220 Ready to start TLS
        ...TLS negotiation, subsequent data is encrypted...
        M: EHLO potter.example.org
        S: 250-owlry.example.com
        S: 250-8BITMIME
        S: 250-BINARYMIME
        S: 250-PIPELINING
        S: 250-BURL
        S: 250-CHUNKING
        S: 250-AUTH DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 PLAIN EXTERNAL
        S: 250-DSN
        S: 250-SIZE 10240000
        S: 250 ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
        M: AUTH PLAIN aGFycnkAaGFycnkAYWNjaW8=
        S: 235 2.7.0 PLAIN authentication successful.
        M: EHLO potter.example.org
        S: 250-owlry.example.com
        S: 250-8BITMIME
        S: 250-BINARYMIME
        S: 250-PIPELINING
        S: 250-BURL imap imap://imap.example.org
        S: 250-CHUNKING
        S: 250-AUTH DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 PLAIN EXTERNAL
        S: 250-DSN
        S: 250-SIZE 10240000
        S: 250 ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
        M: MAIL FROM:<bob.ar@example.org> BODY=BINARY
        S: 250 2.5.0 Address Ok.
        M: RCPT TO:<foo@example.net>
        S: 250 2.1.5 foo@example.net OK.
        M: BDAT 475
        M: Message-ID: <419399E1.6000505@caernarfon.example.org>
        M: Date: Thu, 12 Nov 2004 16:57:05 +0000
        M: From: Bob Ar <bar@example.org>
        M: MIME-Version: 1.0
        M: To: foo@example.net
        M: Subject: About our holiday trip
        M: Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
        M:     boundary="------------030308070208000400050907"
        M:
        M: --------------030308070208000400050907
        M: Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
        M:
        M: Our travel agent has sent the updated schedule.
        M:
        M: Cheers,
        M: Bob
        M: --------------030308070208000400050907
        S: 250 2.5.0 OK
        M: BURL imap://bob.ar@example.org/INBOX;
           UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=25627;Section=2.MIME;
           expire=2006-10-28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar:
           internal:A0DEAD473744909de610943775f9BEEF
        S: 250 2.5.0 OK
        M: BURL imap://bob.ar@example.org/INBOX;
           UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=25627;Section=2;
           expire=2006-10-28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar:
           internal:BEEFA0DEAD473744909de610943775f9
        S: 250 2.5.0 OK
        M: BDAT 44 LAST
        M:
        M: --------------030308070208000400050907--
     
      S: {to I} The mail submission server uses URLFETCH to fetch the
     pieces of the message to be sent (See [URLAUTH] for details of the
     semantics and steps. The so-called "pawn-ticket" authorization
     mechanism uses a URI which contains its own authorization
     credentials.).
      I: {to S} Returns the requested body parts.
     
     Mail submission server opens IMAP connection to the IMAP server:
     
        I: * OK [CAPABILITY IMAP4REV1 STARTTLS NAMESPACE LITERAL+
           CATENATE URLAUTH] imap.example.com
           IMAP server ready
        S: a001 LOGIN submitserver secret
        I: a001 OK submitserver logged in
        S: a002 URLFETCH "imap://bob.ar@example.org/INBOX;
           UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=25627;Section=2.MIME;
           expire=2006-10-28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar:
           internal:A0DEAD473744909de610943775f9BEEF" "imap://
           bob.ar@example.org/INBOX;
           UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=25627;Section=2;
           expire=2006-10-28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar:
           internal:BEEFA0DEAD473744909de610943775f9"
        I: * URLFETCH "imap://bob.ar@example.org/INBOX;
           UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=25627;Section=2.MIME;
           expire=2006-10-28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar:
           internal:A0DEAD473744909de610943775f9BEEF" {84}
        ...message section follows...
            "imap://bob.ar@example.org/INBOX;
           UIDVALIDITY=385759045/;UID=25627;Section=2;
           expire=2006-10-28T23:59:59Z;urlauth=submit+bob.ar:
           internal:BEEFA0DEAD473744909de610943775f9" {15065}
        ...message section follows...
        S: a002 OK URLFETCH completed
        I: a003 LOGOUT
        S: * BYE See you later
        S: a003 OK Logout successful
     
     Note that if the IMAP server doesn't send CAPABILITY response code
     in the greeting, the mail submission server must issue the
     CAPABILITY command to learn about supported IMAP extensions as
     described in RFC 3501.
     
     Also, if data confidentiality is required the mail submission
     server should start TLS before issuing the LOGIN command.
     
      S: {to M} Submission server assembles the complete message and if
     the assembly succeeds it acknowledges acceptance of the message by
     sending 250 response to the last BDAT command:
        S: 250 2.5.0 Ok, message accepted.
     
     M: {to I} The client marks the forwarded message on the IMAP
     server.
     
        M: A0053 UID STORE 25627 +FLAGS.SILENT ($Forwarded)
        I: A0053 OK STORE completed
     
     Note: the UID STORE command shown above will only work if the
     marked message is in the currently selected mailbox. This command
     can be omitted. The $Forwarded IMAP keyword is described in section
     2.8.
   
   
2.5. Normative statements related to forward without download
   
   Lemonade compliant IMAP servers MUST support IMAPv4Rev1 [RFC3501],
   CATENATE [CATENATE], UIDPLUS [UIDPLUS] and URLAUTH [URLAUTH]. This
   support MUST be declared via CAPABILITY [RFC3501].
   
   Lemonade compliant submit servers MUST support the BURL [BURL],
   8BITMIME [8BITMIME], BINARYMIME [CHUNKING] and CHUNKING [CHUNKING].
   This support MUST be declared via EHLO [RFC2821]. BURL MUST support
   URLAUTH type URLs [URLAUTH], and thus MUST advertise the "imap"
   option following the BURL EHLO keyword (See [BURL] for more details).
   
   Additional normative statements are provided in other sections.
   

2.6. Security Considerations for pawn-tickets.
   
   The so-called "pawn-ticket" authorization mechanism uses a URI, which
   contains its own authorization credentials using [URLAUTH].  The
   advantage of this mechanism is that the SMTP submit [SUBMIT] server
   cannot access any data on the [RFC3501] server without a "pawn-
   ticket" created by the client.
   
   The "pawn-ticket" grants access only to the specific data that the
   SMTP submit [SUBMIT] server is authorized to access, can be revoked
   by the client, and can have a time-limited validity.
   
   
2.7. The fcc problem
   
   The "fcc problem" refers to delivering a copy of a message to a "file
   carbon copy" recipient.  By far, the most common case of fcc is a
   client leaving a copy of outgoing mail in a "Sent Mail" or "Outbox"
   mailbox.
   
   In the traditional strategy, the MUA duplicates the effort spent in
   transmitting to the MSA by writing the message to the fcc destination
   in a separate step.  This may be a write to a local disk file or an
   APPEND to a mailbox on an IMAP server.  The latter is one of the "
   repetitive network data transmissions" which represents the "problem"
   aspect of the "fcc problem".
   
   The [CATENATE] extension to [RFC3501] can be used to address the fcc
   problem. The final message is constructed in the mailbox designed for
   outgoing mail. Note that the [CATENATE] extension can only create a
   single message and only on the server which stages the outgoing
   message for submission. Additional copies of the message can be
   created on the same server using one or more COPY commands.
   
   
2.8. Registration of $Forwarded IMAP keyword
   
   The $Forwarded IMAP keyword is used by several IMAP clients to
   specify that the message was resent to another email address,
   embedded within or attached to a new message. A mail client sets this
   keyword when it successfully forwards the message to another email
   address. Typical usage of this keyword is to show a different (or
   additional) icon for a message that has been forwarded. Once set the
   flag SHOULD NOT be cleared.
   
   Lemonade compliant servers MUST be able to store the $Forwarded
   keyword. They MUST preserve it on the COPY operation.  The servers
   MUST support the SEARCH KEYWORD $Forwarded.
   
   
3.   Message Submission
   
   LEMONADE compliant mail submission servers are expected to implement
   the following set of SMTP extensions to make message submission
   efficient.
   
   Lemonade clients SHOULD take advantage of these features.
   
   
3.1. Pipelining
   
   Mobile clients regularly use networks with a relatively high latency.
   Avoidance of round-trips within a transaction has a great advantage
   for the reduction in both bandwidth and total transaction time. For
   this reason LEMONADE compliant mail submission servers MUST support
   the SMTP Service Extensions for Command Pipelining [REF2197].
   
   Clients SHOULD pipeline SMTP commands when possible.
   
   
3.2. DSN Support
   
   LEMONADE compliant mail submission servers MUST support SMTP service
   extensions for delivery status notifications [RFC3461].
   
   
3.3. Message size declaration
   
   LEMONADE compliant mail submission servers MUST support the SMTP
   Service Extension for Message Size Declaration [RFC1870].
   
   LEMONADE compliant mail submission servers MUST ("expand") all BURL
   parts before enforcing a message size limit.
   
   A LEMONADE compliant client SHOULD use message size declaration. In
   particular it SHOULD NOT send a message to a mail submission server,
   if the client knows that the message exceeds the maximal message size
   advertised by the submission server.
   
   
3.4. Enhanced status code Support
   
   LEMONADE compliant mail submission servers MUST support SMTP Service
   Extension for Returning Enhanced Error Codes [RFC2034].
   
3.5. TLS
   
   LEMONADE Compliant mail submission servers MUST support SMTP Service
   Extension for Secure SMTP over TLS [SMTP-TLS].
   
   
4.   Quick resynchronization
   
   LEMONADE Compliant IMAP servers MUST support the CONDSTORE
   [CONDSTORE] extension. It allows a client to quickly resynchronize
   any mailbox by asking the server to return all flag changes that have
   occurred since the last known mailbox synchronization mark.
   
   [IMAP-DISC] shows how to perform quick mailbox resynchronization.
   
   
5.   Additional IMAP extensions
   
   Lemonade compliant IMAP servers MUST support the NAMESPACE
   [NAMESPACE] extension. The extension allows clients to discover
   shared mailboxes and mailboxes belonging to other users.
   
   Lemonade compliant IMAP servers MUST support the LITERAL+ [LITERAL+]
   extension. The extension allows clients to save a round trip each
   time a non-synchronizing literal is sent.

   Lemonade compliant IMAP servers MUST support the IDLE [IDLE]
   extension. The extension allows clients to receive instant
   notifications about changes in the selected mailbox, without needing
   to poll for changes.
   
   
   LEMONADE Compliant IMAP servers MUST support IMAP over TLS [RFC3501]
   as required by RFC 3501.
   
   
6.   Summary of the required IMAP and SMTP extensions
   
               -----------------------------------------------------|
               |  Name of SMTP extension |            Comment       |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |        PIPELINING       |       Section 3.1        |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |           DNS           |       Section 3.2        |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |           SIZE          |       Section 3.3        |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |  ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES    |          Section 3.4     |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |        STARTTLS         |       Section 3.5        |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |           BURL          | Forward without download,|
               |                         |         Section 2        |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               | URLAUTH support in BURL |       Section 2.5        |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |        CHUNKING,        |       Section 2.5        |
               |       BINARYMIME        |       Section 2.5        |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |        8BITMIME,        |    Required by BURL      |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |          AUTH           |  Required by Submission, |
               |                         |      See [SMTPAUTH].     |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
   
               -----------------------------------------------------|
               |  Name of IMAP extension |            Comment       |
               |        or feature       |                          |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |        NAMESPACE        |       Section 5          |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |        CONDSTORE        |       Section 4          |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |        STARTTLS         |Required by IMAP (RFC3501)|
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |        URLAUTH,         | Forward without download,|
               |        CATENATE,        |        Section 2         |
               |        UIDPLUS          |                          |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |        LITERAL+         |       Section 5          |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               |          IDLE           |       Section 5          |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
               | $Forwarded IMAP keyword |          Section 2.8
   |
               |-------------------------|--------------------------|
   
   
7.   Future work
   
   The Lemonade Working Group is looking into additional issues related
   to usage of email by mobile devices, possibly including:
      -    Media conversion (static and possibly streamed)
      -    Transport optimization for low or costly bandwidth and less
           reliable mobile networks (e.g. quick reconnect)
      -    Server to client notifications, possibly outside of the
           traditional IMAP band
      -    Dealing with firewall and intermediaries
      -    Compression and other bandwidth optimization
      -    Filtering
      -    Other considerations for mobile clients
   
8.   Security Considerations
   
   Security considerations on Lemonade "forward without download" are
   discussed throughout section 2. Additional security considerations
   can be found in [RFC3501] and other documents describing other SMTP
   and IMAP extensions comprising the Lemonade Profile.
   
   Note that the mandatory to implement authentication mechanism for
   SMTP submission is described in [SUBMIT]. The mandatory to implement
   authentication mechanism for IMAP is described in [RFC3501].
   
8.1. Confidentiality Protection of Submitted Messages
   
   When clients submit new messages, link protection such as TLS guards
   against an eavesdropper seeing the contents of the submitted message.
   It's worth noting, however, that even if TLS is not used, the
   security risks are no worse if BURL is used to reference the text
   than if the text is submitted directly.  If BURL is not used, an
   eavesdropper gains access to the full text of the message.  If BURL
   is used, the eavesdropper may or may not be able to gain such access,
   depending on the form of BURL used.  For example, some forms restrict
   use of the URL to an entity authorized as a submission server or a
   specific user.
   
8.2. TLS
   
   When LEMONADE clients use the BURL extension to mail submission, an
   extension that requires sending a URLAUTH token to the mail
   submission server, such a token should be protected from interception
   to avoid a replay attack that may disclose the contents of the
   message to an attacker. TLS based encryption of the mail submission
   path will provide protection against this attack.
   
   LEMONADE clients SHOULD use TLS protected IMAP and mail submission
   channels when using BURL-based message submission to protect the
   URLAUTH token from interception.
   
   LEMONADE compliant mail submission servers SHOULD use TLS protected
   IMAP connections when fetching message content using the URLAUTH
   token provided by the LEMONADE client.
   
   When a client uses SMTP STARTTLS to send a BURL command which
   references non-public information, there is a user expectation that
   the entire message content will be treated confidentially.  To meet
   this expectation, the message submission server should use STARTTLS
   or a mechanism providing equivalent data confidentiality when
   fetching the content referenced by that URL.
   
   
9.   IANA Considerations
   
   This document doesn't require any IANA registration or action.
   
   
10.  References

10.1.     Normative References
   
   [BURL]    Newman, C. "Message Composition", draft-ietf-lemonade-burl-
      XX.txt (work in progress).
   
   [8BITMIME]   Klensin, J., Freed, N., Rose, M., Stefferud, E., and D.
      Crocker, "SMTP Service Extension for 8bit-MIMEtransport", RFC
      1652, July 1994.
   
   [CHUNKING]  Vaudreuil, G., "SMTP Service Extensions for Transmission
      of Large and Binary MIME Messages", RFC 3030, December 2000.
   
   [CATENATE] Resnick, P. "Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
      CATENATE Extension", draft-ietf-lemonade-catenate-XX.txt, (work in
      progress).
   
   [UIDPLUS] Crispin, M., "Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) -
      UIDPLUS extension", work in progress, draft-crispin-imap-
      rfc2359bis-XX.txt.
   
   [RFC2119] Brader, S.  "Keywords for use in RFCs to Indicate
      Requirement Levels", RFC 2119, March 1997.
      http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119
   
   [RFC2197] Freed, N. "SMTP Service Extension for Command Pipelining",
      RFC 2197, September 1997. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2197
   
   [RFC1870] Freed, N. and K. Moore, "SMTP Service Extension for Message
      Size Declaration", RFC 1870, November 1995.
   
   [SUBMIT] Gellens, R. and Klensin, J., "Message Submission for Mail",
      draft-gellens-submit-bis-02.txt.
   
   [SMTP-TLS] Hoffman, P. "SMTP Service Extension for Secure SMTP over
      TLS ", RFC 3207, February 2002.  http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3207
   
   [RFC2821]  Klensin, J., "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", RFC 2821,
      April 2001.
   
   [RFC3501] Crispin, M. "IMAP4, Internet Message Access Protocol
      Version 4 rev1", RFC 3501, March 2003.
      http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3501
   
   [RFC3461] Moore, K., "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Service
      Extension for Delivery Status Notifications (DSNs)", RFC 3461,
      January 2003. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3461
   
   [URLAUTH] Crispin, M. and Newman, C., "Internet Message Access
      Protocol (IMAP) - URLAUTH Extension", draft-ietf-lemonade-urlauth-
      XX.txt, (work in progress).
   
   [RFC2034] Freed, N., "SMTP Service Extension for Returning Enhanced
      Error Codes", RFC 2034, October 1996.
   
   [NAMESPACE] Gahrns, M. and C. Newman, "IMAP4 Namespace", RFC 2342,
   May 1998.
   
   [SMTPAUTH] Myers, J., "SMTP Service Extension for Authentication",
   RFC 2554, March 1999.
   
   [LITERAL+] Myers, J., "IMAP4 non-synchronizing literals", RFC 2088,
   January 1997.
   
   [CONDSTORE] Melnikov, A. and S. Hole, "IMAP Extension for Conditional
      STORE", work in progress.
   
   [IDLE] Leiba, B., "IMAP4 IDLE command", RFC 2177, June 1997.
   
   
10.2.     Informative References
   
   [IMAP-DISC] Melnikov, A.  "Synchronization Operations For
      Disconnected Imap4 Clients", IMAP-DISC, work in progress, draft-
      melnikov-imap-disc-XX.txt
   
   
Version History
   
   This section will be deleted before publication.
   
   Version 07:
   [1] Addressed editorial comments from Randy Gellens and Dave
   Cridland.
   
   Version 06:
   [1] Updated the reference to SMTP STARTTLS.
   [2] Updated the CATENATE example as per comments from Dave Cridland
   (message context, missing additional EHLO, etc.).
   [3] Added a new section showing use of BURL/BDAT for message
   assembly.
   [4] Added a requirement to support IMAP IDLE extension.
   [5] Added description of the $Forwarded IMAP keyword.
   [6] Added a requirement to support URLAUTH in BURL.
   [7] Mentioned mandatory to implement authentication in the Security
   Considerations.
   [8] Other editorial fixes from Randy and Greg.
   
   Version 05:
   [1] Removed any references to POSTADDRESS and quick reconnect.
   [2] Added reference to LITERAL+.
   [3] Added a new section about CONDSTORE.
   [4] Split TLS text between 3 sections.
   [5] Added new text that security of BURL is no worse than sending in
   the clear.
   [6] Added ";expire" to the URLAUTHs in the forward without download
   example.
   
   Version 04:
   [1] Removed future delivery from the phase 1 of the profile.
   [2] Updated the list of required SMTP and IMAP extensions and
   associated normative statements.
   [3] Updated the references.
   [4] Moved (and updated) text about TLS to the Security Considerations
   section.
   [5] Removed most editor's notes.
   [6] Proposed terminology Lemonade profile phase 1 (and later phases)
   to distinguish current status from future work.
   
   Version 03:
   [1] Updated boilerplate.
   [2] Addressed most of the comments raised by Randy Gellens and some
   from Pete Resnick.
   [3] Purged and updated references.
   [4] Updated examples as per changes in CATENATE and other documents.
   [5] Replaced Lemonade Pull model by Lemonade "forward without
   download".
   [6] Qualified normative statement on future delivery.
   
   Version 02:
   [1] Improved abstract based on review comments as well as change to
   reflect the re-organized content of the present Lemonade profile.
   [2] Editorial improvement of section 2.1
   [3] Addition of section 2.5 with normative statements for lemonade
   compliant clients and servers regarding forward without download.
   [4] Addition of section 3 on message submission.
   [5] Move of media conversion to future work
   [6] Add section 4.1 on normative statements related to quick
   reconnect scheme.
   [6] Addition of Binary and 8-bit MIME Transport to future work.
   [7] Addition of IANA statement.
   [8] Update and fix of the references.

   
   Version 01:
   [1] We removed the sections of the profile related to mobile e-mail
      as well as discussion. This will be part of the next version of
      the Lemonade profile work.
   [2] We added detailed examples for the different steps included in
      section 2.4.
   [3] We added section 3 on media conversion.
   [4] We added examples on Quick reconnect schemes in section 4.
   [5] We updated the security considerations.
   [6] We fixed references based on updates above.
   [7] We added a future work section.
   [8] We fixed the boiler plate statements on the "status of this memo"
      and "Copyright".
   
Acknowledgments
   
   This document is a product of Lemonade WG. The editors' thanks the
   Lemonade WG members that contributed comments and corrections, in
   particular: Randy Gellens, Dave Cridland and Greg Vaudreuil.
   
   This document borrows some text from draft-crispin-lemonade-pull-
   xx.txt as well as the trio [BURL], [CATENATE] and [URLAUTH].

Authors' Addresses
   
   Stephane H. Maes
   Oracle Corporation
   500 Oracle Parkway
   M/S 4op634
   Redwood Shores, CA 94065
   USA
   Phone: +1-650-607-6296
   Email: stephane.maes@oracle.com
   
   Alexey Melnikov
   Isode Limited
   5 Castle Business Village
   36 Station Road
   Hampton, Middlesex
   TW12 2BX
   UK
   Email: Alexey.melnikov@isode.com
   
   
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