IETF ForCES Logical Function Block (LFB) Subsidiary Management
draft-khs-forces-lfb-subsidiary-management-04
The information below is for an old version of the document.
| Document | Type |
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Replaced".
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Bhumip Khasnabish , Evangelos Haleplidis , Jamal Hadi Salim | ||
| Last updated | 2014-10-27 | ||
| Replaced by | draft-ietf-forces-lfb-subsidiary-management, RFC 7729 | ||
| RFC stream | (None) | ||
| Formats | |||
| Stream | Stream state | (No stream defined) | |
| Consensus boilerplate | Unknown | ||
| RFC Editor Note | (None) | ||
| IESG | IESG state | I-D Exists | |
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draft-khs-forces-lfb-subsidiary-management-04
ForCES WG B. Khasnabish
Internet-Draft ZTE TX, Inc.
Intended status: Standards Track E. Haleplidis
Expires: April 30, 2015 University of Patras
J. Hadi Salim, Ed.
Mojatatu Networks
October 27, 2014
IETF ForCES Logical Function Block (LFB) Subsidiary Management
draft-khs-forces-lfb-subsidiary-management-04
Abstract
Deployment experience has demonstrated the value of using the
Forwarding and Control Element Separation (ForCES) protocol to
control the Forwarding Element Manager (FEM) by creating a Logical
Functional Block (LFB) to represent its functionality, the FE
Configuration (FEC) LFB . A Control Element (CE) that controls a
Forwarding Element's (FE) resources can also manage its configuration
via the FEC LFB. On a running FE, the CE may update the FE's runtime
configuration via an FEC LFB e.g., by adding a new CE and its
associated IP address). Additionally, in the case where we have a
resource pool of FEs, the FEC may be used to initiate an FE into the
Network Element cluster. This document introduces the FEC LFB, an
LFB that specifies the configuration parameters of an FE.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
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Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on April 30, 2015.
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
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described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Use cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1. FE integration into an NE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2. CE associations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3. New LFB instantiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. Applicability statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1. FE Integrated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.2. Virtual FEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.3. FEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4. FEC Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.1. Frame Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.2. Datatype Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.3. Metadata Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.4. FEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.4.1. Data Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.4.2. Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.4.3. Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.4.4. Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5. XML for FEC LFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
7.1. LFB Class Names and LFB Class Identifiers . . . . . . . . 12
8. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Appendix A. Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
A.1. Use of Virtualized ForCES Elements . . . . . . . . . . . 13
A.1.1. Use of Virtualized CEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
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A.1.2. Use of Virtualized FEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
A.1.3. Generic Lifecycle of Physical/Virtual Elements . . . 14
A.2. Potential Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
A.2.1. Recovery from FE failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
A.2.2. Recovery from CE failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
A.2.3. Load Balancing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
A.2.4. Orchestration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
A.2.5. Generic LFB Lifecycle Management . . . . . . . . . . 18
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1. Introduction
Deployment experience has demonstrated the value of using Forwarding
and Control Element Separation (ForCES) to control the Forwarding
Element Manager (FEM) by creating a Logical Functional Block (LFB)
library to represent its functionality, the FE Configuration (FEC)
LFB. A Control Element (CE) that controls a Forwarding Element's
(FE) resources can also manage its configuration via the FEC LFB. On
a running FE, the CE may update the FE's runtime configuration via an
FEC LFB (e.g., by adding a new CE and its associated IP address).
This document introduces the FEC LFB. The FEC LFB describes the
configuration parameters of an FE, namely, the FEID, the FE IP
address or IP addresses, the CEs it is/will be associated with, as
well as the LFBs that it can support.
This work item assumes that FEs are pre-booted and whose
configuration can then be updated at runtime via the FEC LFB for
runtime config purposes. This document does not specifies or
standardizes the FEM-FE (Ff) interface as depicted in [RFC3746].
This document describes a mechanism with which a CE can instruct the
FEC for FE management using ForCES. The Ff interface is out of scope
of this document.
In the case where we have a pool of unused resources that can be used
as FEs, the FEC can be utilized to instruct the FE to join the
Network Element cluster. The initiation would involve control of the
creation, configuration, and resource assignment of FEs so as to be
part of an NE. Appendix A (Appendix A) illustrates how a resource
pool of virtual machines could be initiated as basic CEs or FEs via
an orchestration system and subsequently initiated into being part of
an FE via the FEM. The pools of FEs and CEs are already booted up by
some resource owner, e.g. an FEM or an Element Management System
(EMS). Subsidiary management provides the LFB library necessary, to
manage and configure at runtime, these FEs to disconnect from the
"resource pool CE" and join one or more CEs in the running NE.
This work item makes no assumption of whether FE resources are
physical or virtual. In fact, the LFB library provided here is
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applicable to both. Thus it can also be useful in addressing control
of virtual FEs where individual FEM Managers can be addressed to
control the creation, configuration, and resource assignment of such
virtual FEs within a physical FE.
1.1. Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
1.2. Definitions
This document follows the terminology defined by [RFC3654],
[RFC3746], [RFC5810] and [RFC5812]. In particular, the reader is
expected to be familiar with the following terms:
o Logical Functional Block (LFB)
o Forwarding Element (FE)
o Control Element (CE)
o ForCES Network Element (NE)
o FE Manager (FEM)
o CE Manager
o ForCES Protocol
o ForCES Protocol Layer (ForCES PL)
o ForCES Protocol Transport Mapping Layer (ForCES TML)
2. Use cases
In this section we present sample use cases to illustrate the need
and usefulness of the FEC LFB.
All use cases assume that an FEs and CEs have already been
bootstrapped and instantiated but have not joined the NE. These FEs
and CEs belong to a pool of untapped resources.
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2.1. FE integration into an NE
The CE may request, for a couple of reasons, such as performance,
redundancy, load-sharing or new functionality request, to incorporate
a new FE in the NE. The CE would be required to specify the
following parameters. Firstly the FEID in order for the new FE to be
uniquely identified within the NE. Second the FE IP address, IPv4 or
IPv6, or IP addresses should the FE support multiple interfaces.
Thirdly the LFBs to be instantiated within the FE, by means of
providing the LFB class, LFB version and LFB name. Finally the CEs
that the new FE should associate within the NE as soon as it is
integrated within the NE.
2.2. CE associations
A CE may request, for redundancy, for the FE to be associated to
another CE as a backup. The master CE would require to specify the
CEID in order for the new CE to be uniquely identified within the NE
and the CE IP address, IPv4 or IPv6, or IP addresses should the CE
support multiple interfaces. Or the master CE, e.g. detecting a
malfunctioning CE, could remove a backup CE from the FE.
The CE will configure all FEC LFBs to the FEs within the NE of the CE
ID and CE IP addresses in order for the FEs to perform the necessary
actions ordered by the CE and described by [RFC7121].
2.3. New LFB instantiation
Provided that the FE supports new LFB instantiation, which a CE can
learn via the capability of the FEC LFB, the CE can request a new LFB
to be installed and supported by the FE. Usually such an operation
may occur in a software-based FE or a virtual FE. The CE will
require to provide the LFB class, LFB version and the location of the
LFB code to be installed. Usually the location is provided as a URI
or a filename. The exact detail of the location semantics is
implementation specific and out of scope of this document.
3. Applicability statement
The FEC can be utilized in, at least, the following three scenarios:
3.1. FE Integrated
Only one instance of the FEC class can exist and is directly related
to the parent FE. The configuration parameters pertain to the parent
FE.
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3.2. Virtual FEs
In the case of the FE that can has a hierarchical virtual FEs,
multiple instances of the FEC class can exist, one per each virtual
FE.
3.3. FEM
Another applicability scenario, pertains to the FE Manager, as per
[RFC3746]. In this case, the FEM will create multiple instances of
the FEC class, one per each FE that is under the control of the FEM.
The CE using the ForCES protocol, through a Fp interface, namely
ForCES, will instruct the FEM to change the configuration of the FEs,
using the Ff interface. The FEM may hold more information pertaining
the NE, such as the topology and chaining of FEs which the CE would
require to alter, along with the FE changes. The Ff interface is out
of scope of this document.
4. FEC Library
4.1. Frame Definitions
This LFB does not define any frames
4.2. Datatype Definitions
This library defines the following datatypes.
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+----------+-----------------------------------------+--------------+
| DataType | Type | Synopsis |
| Name | | |
+----------+-----------------------------------------+--------------+
| IPs | A Struct of 2 components. IPv4 | A struct |
| | (byte[4]) and IPv6 (byte[16]) | that defines |
| | addresses. | an IPv4 and |
| | | an IPv6 |
| | | address |
| LFBDefs | A Struct that contains three | A struct |
| | components. The LFB Class ID (uint32), | that defines |
| | the LFB version (string) and optional | basic LFB |
| | the LFB name (string) and the location | definitions |
| | of the LFB where it will be retrieved | |
| | from. | |
| CEParams | A Struct that contains two components. | A struct |
| | A CE's ID (uint32) and the CE's IPs | that defines |
| | (array of IPs) | CE |
| | | parameters. |
+----------+-----------------------------------------+--------------+
FEM Data Types
4.3. Metadata Definitions
This LFB does not define any metadata definition
4.4. FEC
The FE Configuration LFB is an LFB that standardizes configuration of
the FE parameters.
4.4.1. Data Handling
The FEC LFB does not handle any packets. It's function is to provide
the configuration parameters to the CE to be updated at runtime.
4.4.2. Components
This LFB has four components specified. The FEID, a uint32 component
that defines the ID of the FE. The FEIP, a table of IP address, and
each row is a struct of an IPv4 and an IPv6 address. The LFB
Parameters, a table of LFBs, each row a struct of LFB Class ID, LFB
Version and optional LFB name and location. Finally the CEs, a table
of CE parameters, each row a struct of a CE ID and a table of CE IPs.
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4.4.3. Capabilities
This capability specifies whether this FE supports dynamic loading of
new LFBs.
4.4.4. Events
This LFB has five events specified. These events notify the CE
whether the FEID has been changed, an entry of the FEIP table has
been created or changed and an entry of the CE information added or
deleted. The event reports are the respective data that has been
modified.
5. XML for FEC LFB
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<LFBLibrary xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:forces:lfbmodel:1.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" provides="FEC">
<dataTypeDefs>
<dataTypeDef>
<name>IPs</name>
<synopsis>IP definition</synopsis>
<struct>
<component componentID="1">
<name>FEIPv4</name>
<synopsis>The FEs IPv4</synopsis>
<typeRef>byte[4]</typeRef>
</component>
<component componentID="2">
<name>FEIPv6</name>
<synopsis>The FEs IPv6</synopsis>
<typeRef>byte[16]</typeRef>
</component>
</struct>
</dataTypeDef>
<dataTypeDef>
<name>LFBDefs</name>
<synopsis>LFB parameters inside the FE</synopsis>
<struct>
<component componentID="1">
<name>LFBClassID</name>
<synopsis>The LFB Class ID</synopsis>
<typeRef>uint32</typeRef>
</component>
<component componentID="2">
<name>LFBVersion</name>
<synopsis>The Version of the LFB</synopsis>
<typeRef>string</typeRef>
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</component>
<component componentID="3">
<name>LFBName</name>
<synopsis>The name of the LFB</synopsis>
<optional/>
<typeRef>string</typeRef>
</component>
<component componentID="4">
<name>LFBLocation</name>
<synopsis>The location of the LFB to be retrieved
from</synopsis>
<optional/>
<typeRef>string</typeRef>
</component>
</struct>
</dataTypeDef>
<dataTypeDef>
<name>CEParams</name>
<synopsis>CE parameters</synopsis>
<struct>
<component componentID="1">
<name>CEID</name>
<synopsis>The CE ID</synopsis>
<typeRef>uint32</typeRef>
</component>
<component componentID="2">
<name>CEIP</name>
<synopsis>The CEIP</synopsis>
<array>
<typeRef>IPs</typeRef>
</array>
</component>
</struct>
</dataTypeDef>
</dataTypeDefs>
<LFBClassDefs>
<LFBClassDef LFBClassID="21">
<name>FEC</name>
<synopsis>Forwarding Element Configuration</synopsis>
<version>1.0</version>
<components>
<component componentID="1" access="read-write">
<name>FEID</name>
<synopsis>The FEID</synopsis>
<typeRef>uint32</typeRef>
</component>
<component componentID="2" access="read-write">
<name>FEIP</name>
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<synopsis>The FE's IP</synopsis>
<array>
<typeRef>IPs</typeRef>
</array>
</component>
<component componentID="3" access="read-write">
<name>LFBparameters</name>
<synopsis>The LFBs in this FE</synopsis>
<array>
<typeRef>LFBDefs</typeRef>
</array>
</component>
<component componentID="4" access="read-write">
<name>CEs</name>
<synopsis>The CEs that should be associated with this
FE</synopsis>
<array>
<typeRef>CEParams</typeRef>
</array>
</component>
</components>
<capabilities>
<capability componentID="10">
<name>DynamicLFBLoading</name>
<synopsis>This capability specifies whether this FE supports
dynamic loading of new LFBs</synopsis>
<typeRef>boolean</typeRef>
</capability>
</capabilities>
<events baseID="20">
<event eventID="1">
<name>IDChanged</name>
<synopsis>The FE ID has been changed</synopsis>
<eventTarget>
<eventField>FEID</eventField>
</eventTarget>
<eventChanged/>
<eventReports>
<eventReport>
<eventField>FEID</eventField>
</eventReport>
</eventReports>
</event>
<event eventID="2">
<name>FEIPChanged</name>
<synopsis>An IP of the FE has been changed</synopsis>
<eventTarget>
<eventField>FEIP</eventField>
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</eventTarget>
<eventCreated/>
<eventReports>
<eventReport>
<eventField>FEIP</eventField>
<eventSubscript>_FEIPsrowid_</eventSubscript>
</eventReport>
</eventReports>
</event>
<event eventID="3">
<name>FEIPCreated</name>
<synopsis>An FEIP has been deleted</synopsis>
<eventTarget>
<eventField>FEIP</eventField>
</eventTarget>
<eventDeleted/>
<eventReports>
<eventReport>
<eventField>FEIP</eventField>
<eventSubscript>_FEIPsrowid_</eventSubscript>
</eventReport>
</eventReports>
</event>
<event eventID="4">
<name>CEAdded</name>
<synopsis>An CE has been added</synopsis>
<eventTarget>
<eventField>CEs</eventField>
</eventTarget>
<eventCreated/>
<eventReports>
<eventReport>
<eventField>CEs</eventField>
</eventReport>
</eventReports>
</event>
<event eventID="5">
<name>CEDeleted</name>
<synopsis>An CE has been added</synopsis>
<eventTarget>
<eventField>CEs</eventField>
</eventTarget>
<eventDeleted/>
<eventReports>
<eventReport>
<eventField>CEs</eventField>
</eventReport>
</eventReports>
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</event>
</events>
</LFBClassDef>
</LFBClassDefs>
</LFBLibrary>
Figure 1: FEM XML LFB library
6. Security Considerations
Security considerations for ForCES LFB subsidiary management will be
added in a future version of this daft.
7. IANA Considerations
7.1. LFB Class Names and LFB Class Identifiers
LFB classes defined by this document belong to LFBs defined by
Standards Track RFCs. According to IANA, the registration procedure
is Standards Action for the range 0 to 65535 and First Come First
Served with any publicly available specification for over 65535.
This specification includes the following LFB class names and LFB
class identifiers:
+------------+---------+---------+----------------------+-----------+
| LFB Class | LFB | LFB | Description | Reference |
| Identifier | Class | Version | | |
| | Name | | | |
+------------+---------+---------+----------------------+-----------+
| 21 | FEC | 1.0 | An FEC LFB to | This |
| | | | standardize creation | document |
| | | | of ForCES Network | |
| | | | Elements | |
+------------+---------+---------+----------------------+-----------+
Logical Functional Block (LFB) Class Names and Class Identifiers
8. Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank DJ, Joel, ChuanhuangLi, and many
others for their discussions and support.
9. References
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9.1. Normative References
[RFC5810] Doria, A., Hadi Salim, J., Haas, R., Khosravi, H., Wang,
W., Dong, L., Gopal, R., and J. Halpern, "Forwarding and
Control Element Separation (ForCES) Protocol
Specification", RFC 5810, March 2010.
[RFC5812] Halpern, J. and J. Hadi Salim, "Forwarding and Control
Element Separation (ForCES) Forwarding Element Model", RFC
5812, March 2010.
[RFC7121] Ogawa, K., Wang, W., Haleplidis, E., and J. Hadi Salim,
"High Availability within a Forwarding and Control Element
Separation (ForCES) Network Element", RFC 7121, February
2014.
9.2. Informative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC3654] Khosravi, H. and T. Anderson, "Requirements for Separation
of IP Control and Forwarding", RFC 3654, November 2003.
[RFC3746] Yang, L., Dantu, R., Anderson, T., and R. Gopal,
"Forwarding and Control Element Separation (ForCES)
Framework", RFC 3746, April 2004.
Appendix A. Appendix
A.1. Use of Virtualized ForCES Elements
Virtualization of ForCES Elements allows efficient, scalable, and
robust utilization of network control and transmission resources.
Virtualization has been discussed (and deployed) widely in the
Computing Industry (e.g., server) in the context of efficient
utilization of server resources.
As mentioned before, the currently existing techniques and solutions
may be either slow or not directly applicable to ForCES LFB
subsidiary management.
A.1.1. Use of Virtualized CEs
In this section we discuss the use of virtualized ForCES control
elements (CEs). The resulting operating entities in virtualized
environment are Virtual CEs of VCEs. The CE Visor (CEV) has the
visibility to all of the VCEs in a domain, and can assign one of the
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VCEs as primary Master-VCE and another as secondary Master-VCE. CEV
can dynamically manage the role of primary and secondary master-VCEs
from a pool of VCEs.
A.1.2. Use of Virtualized FEs
In this section we discuss the use of virtualized ForCES forwarding
elements (FEs). The resulting operating entities in virtualized
environment are Virtual FEs of VFEs. The FE Visor (FEV) has the
visibility to all of the VFEs in a domain, and can assign one of the
VFEs as primary Master-VFE and another as secondary Master-VFE. FEV
can dynamically manage the role of primary and secondary master-VFEs
from a pool of VFEs.
A.1.3. Generic Lifecycle of Physical/Virtual Elements
The generic lifecycle of physical/virtual elements including NEs,
FEs, VNEs, VCEs, VFEs, etc. consists of the following FOUR states:
o (a)Instantiation -- This refers to instantiation of CEs and FEs.
o (b) Association -- This refers to associating FEs to the CEs
o (c) Activation -- This refers to activation of CEs and FEs for
normal operation. This state may include monitoring as well with
an objective to satisfy both scaling and reliability requirements.
o (d) Release -- This refers to releasing resources (both physical
and virtual elements) to the pool of available (that is un-
assigned) elements, and reporting this to the appropriate (CE or
FE) manager. It may be required to cleanse the physical/virtual
elements before releasing in order to prevent harvesting of data/
information by the the next user of the CEs/FEs. The details of
the cleansing operation is out of scope of this draft.
Figure 1 shows physical/virtual elements states and their transition.
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o--------------o o--------------o
| | | |
|Instantiation +----------------->| Association |
| | | |
o--------------o o------+-------o
^ |
| |
| |
| |
| |
o------+-------o o------V-------o
| | | |
| Release |<-----------------+ Activation |
| | | |
o--------------o o--------------o
Figure 1: Physical/Virtual Elements States and their Transition
A.2. Potential Scenarios
In this section we discuss a few potential scenarios that can utilize
ForCES LFB subsidiary management for efficient and robust operation
of networks without using excessive additional resources.
A.2.1. Recovery from FE failure
In this section we discuss how virtualization of FEs can be used for
efficient recovery from FE failure(s). An FE can initially boot
using a default Association and Configuration. The Association and
Configuration can be updated at runtime via an FE-Visor or FEC LFB
for runtime configuration purposes. This can be achieved, for
example, by adding a new CE and its associated IP address. A CE can
initially boot using a default Configuration and State(s). The
Configuration and State(s) can be updated at runtime via a CE-Visor
or a similar CE Configuration (CEC) LFB to satisfy the runtime
requirements.
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.--------------.
[Apps/ | |
Service]--|Orchestration |
| |
.--------------.
| | .--------.
.-----------. | | | |
| |---| |---------------------------| |
|Controller | | |
| | | |
.-|-----|---. |Hyper- |
| | |Visor |
4 2 | |
| | | |
| CEy CEw .... CE? | |
| | \ /\ | |
| | \----/--\-------------------------------|----| |
| | / \ | .-|-. |
| FEM-----/ \-----------------------------|--| | |
.-->(FEz)<-----------------3----------------------|--|FEx| |
| .---. |
(1)----->| |
.--------.
Figure 2: Sequence of Events in FEM for Recovery from FE Failure
Note: 1.(Hyervisor) Boots up FEx, and connects to CEy and CEw, 2.
Boot a VM of Type FE 3. FEx Boots FEz, and Connects to CEy,
4.Connect to CEw
As described in Figure 2, the following is a sequence of events in
FEM (an example).
o Step-1: Hypervisor boots up with FEx that connects to CEy and CEw.
o Step-2: The Controller (attached to CEy) instructs FEx to boot an
FE-type VM.
o Step-3: FEx boots FEz and instructs it to connect to CEy
o Step-4: The Controller (attached to FEz) instructs FEz to also
connect to CEw. This is essentially the "Association" part of
Association and Configuration, as discussed earlier.
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o Step-5: The Controller (attached to FEz) instructs FEz to increase
its Syslog debug level. This is essentially the "Configuration"
part of Association and Configuration, as discussed earlier.
Note that the 4th (FEM part of the charter) and 5th steps are what we
would like to achieve here. In addition, the FEVM may not need to be
aware which Virtual FEs are in one Virtual NE, it only needs know of
the information about a Virtual FE in the physical FE. CE Manager
may need to have visibility to all Virtual NEs. The component "NE"
of the LFB may be considered as Virtual NE as well.
A.2.2. Recovery from CE failure
In this section we discuss how virtualization of CEs can be used for
efficient recovery from CE failure(s).
A CE can initially boot using a default Association, State, and
Configuration. The Association and Configuration can be updated at
runtime via a CE-Visor or FEC-LFB for runtime configuration purposes,
for example, by adding a new CE and its associated IP address.
An FE can initially boot using a default Configuration, Association,
with a CE, and State. The Configuration, Association can be updated
at runtime via a FE-Visor or FEC LFB to satisfy runtime requirements.
The sequence of events, an example, can be as follows.
o Step-1: The CEx is Active with CEy as its Standby with Standby-
Active or Active-Active setup.
o Step-2: The CEx controls FEy and FEw with both FEy and FEw having
Standby control links to CEy, with Standby-Active or Active-Active
setup. Note that CEx and CEy are controlled, assigned, by CE-
visor, and may have a common, virtual, IP address.
o Step-3: The Controller is fully aware of the status of all of the
CEs, physical and virtual; When CEx fails, its states are fully
transferred (may already be synced) to CEy.
o Step-4: The Standby links from CEy to FEy and FEw become fully
active, and the control, of FEy and FEw, is fully transferred from
CEx and CEy.
o Step-5: A graceful-smooth failover of CEx to CEy is now
successfully complete, and SysLog debug level for CEy is
increased..
As discussed earlier, the last two steps are concerned with
Subsidiary management. Although we discuss the recovery method by
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using virtualization of CEs, the role of FEVM in the recovery process
will be described further later.
A.2.3. Load Balancing
In this section we discuss efficient load balancing of both CE and FE
in virtualized environment.
A.2.4. Orchestration
In this section we discuss efficient Orchestration of both CE and FE
in virtualized multi-admin-domain environment.
A.2.5. Generic LFB Lifecycle Management
In this section we discuss generic lifecycle management of
subsidiaries of LFBs in virtualized environment(s). The typical
management activities in the life of FE/CE are discussed in the
following sub-sections.
A.2.5.1. Booting a CE/FE
When an entity needs to boot a CE/FE, if this is a VM, some
orchestration would scheme/plan to do this. In case of ForCES, we
have a control App that boots a CE or an FE via a management FE. So
here we have a management plane details that is described either in
FEM or other LFB.
A.2.5.2. Bootstrapping the Configuration
The FE, e.g., the VM which has just been booted, as described in the
previous sub-section, needs initial bootstrap configuration (e.g.,
what CEs to connect to etc). This clearly falls in the FEC LFB
domain.
A.2.5.3. Runtime Management
At runtime of the FE, for example, the management could introduce a
new CE for the FE to associate with; it may also be for an FE to
dissociate from a CE, and so on.
Authors' Addresses
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Bhumip Khasnabish
ZTE TX, Inc.
55 Madison Avenue, Suite 160
Morristown, New Jersey 07960
USA
Phone: +001-781-752-8003
Email: vumip1@gmail.com, bhumip.khasnabish@ztetx.com
URI: http://tinyurl.com/bhumip/
Evangelos Haleplidis
University of Patras
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Patras 26500
Greece
Email: ehalep@ece.upatras.gr
Jamal Hadi Salim (editor)
Mojatatu Networks
Suite 400, 303 Moodie Dr.
Ottawa, Ontario K2H 9R4
Canada
Email: hadi@mojatatu.com
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