Advice for Internet Subnetwork Designers
RFC 3819
Document | Type |
RFC - Best Current Practice
(July 2004; Errata)
Also known as BCP 89
|
|
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Last updated | 2015-10-14 | ||
Stream | IETF | ||
Formats | plain text pdf html bibtex | ||
Stream | WG state | (None) | |
Document shepherd | No shepherd assigned | ||
IESG | IESG state | RFC 3819 (Best Current Practice) | |
Consensus Boilerplate | Unknown | ||
Telechat date | |||
Responsible AD | Allison Mankin | ||
Send notices to | <falk@isi.edu> |
Network Working Group P. Karn, Ed. Request for Comments: 3819 Qualcomm BCP: 89 C. Bormann Category: Best Current Practice Universitaet Bremen TZI G. Fairhurst University of Aberdeen D. Grossman Motorola, Inc. R. Ludwig Ericsson Research J. Mahdavi Novell G. Montenegro Sun Microsystems Laboratories, Europe J. Touch USC/ISI L. Wood Cisco Systems July 2004 Advice for Internet Subnetwork Designers Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). Abstract This document provides advice to the designers of digital communication equipment, link-layer protocols, and packet-switched local networks (collectively referred to as subnetworks), who wish to support the Internet protocols but may be unfamiliar with the Internet architecture and the implications of their design choices on the performance and efficiency of the Internet. Karn, et al. Best Current Practice [Page 1] RFC 3819 Advice for Internet Subnetwork Designers July 2004 Table of Contents 1. Introduction and Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Maximum Transmission Units (MTUs) and IP Fragmentation . . . . 4 2.1. Choosing the MTU in Slow Networks. . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3. Framing on Connection-Oriented Subnetworks . . . . . . . . . . 7 4. Connection-Oriented Subnetworks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5. Broadcasting and Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 6. Multicasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 7. Bandwidth on Demand (BoD) Subnets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 8. Reliability and Error Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 8.1. TCP vs Link-Layer Retransmission . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 8.2. Recovery from Subnetwork Outages . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 8.3. CRCs, Checksums and Error Detection. . . . . . . . . . . 18 8.4. How TCP Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 8.5. TCP Performance Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 8.5.1. The Formulae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 8.5.2. Assumptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 8.5.3. Analysis of Link-Layer Effects on TCP Performance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 9. Quality-of-Service (QoS) Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . 26 10. Fairness vs Performance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 11. Delay Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 12. Bandwidth Asymmetries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 13. Buffering, Flow and Congestion Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 14. Compression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 15. Packet Reordering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 16. Mobility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 17. Routing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 18. Security Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 19. Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 20. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 21. Contributors' Addresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 22. Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 23. Full Copyright Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 1. Introduction and Overview IP, the Internet Protocol [RFC791] [RFC2460], is the core protocol of the Internet. IP defines a simple "connectionless" packet-switched network. The success of the Internet is largely attributed to IP's simplicity, the "end-to-end principle" [SRC81] on which the InternetShow full document text