Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) D. McPherson
Request for Comments: 6959 VeriSign, Inc.
Category: Informational F. Baker
ISSN: 2070-1721 Cisco Systems
J. Halpern
Ericsson
May 2013
Source Address Validation Improvement (SAVI) Threat Scope
Abstract
The Source Address Validation Improvement (SAVI) effort aims to
complement ingress filtering with finer-grained, standardized IP
source address validation. This document describes threats enabled
by IP source address spoofing both in the global and finer-grained
context, describes currently available solutions and challenges, and
provides a starting point analysis for finer-grained (host
granularity) anti-spoofing work.
Status of This Memo
This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is
published for informational purposes.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Not all documents
approved by the IESG are a candidate for any level of Internet
Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6959.
McPherson, et al. Informational [Page 1]RFC 6959 SAVI Threat Scope May 2013Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
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Table of Contents
1. Overview ........................................................3
2. Glossary of Terms ...............................................5
3. Spoof-Based Attack Vectors ......................................6
3.1. Blind Attacks ..............................................6
3.1.1. Single-Packet Attacks ...............................6
3.1.2. Flood-Based DoS .....................................7
3.1.3. Poisoning Attacks ...................................8
3.1.4. Spoof-Based Worm/Malware Propagation ................8
3.1.5. Reflective Attacks ..................................8
3.1.6. Accounting Subversion ...............................9
3.1.7. Other Blind Spoofing Attacks ........................9
3.2. Non-blind Attacks ..........................................9
3.2.1. Man in the Middle (MITM) ............................9
3.2.2. Third-Party Recon ..................................10
3.2.3. Other Non-blind Spoofing Attacks ...................10
4. Current Anti-spoofing Solutions ................................11
4.1. Topological Locations for Enforcement .....................13
4.1.1. Host to Link-Layer Neighbor via Switch .............13
4.1.2. Upstream Switches ..................................13
4.1.3. Upstream Routers ...................................14
4.1.4. ISP Edge PE Router .................................14
4.1.5. ISP NNI Router to ISP NNI Router ...................15
4.1.6. Cable Modem Subscriber Access ......................15
4.1.7. DSL Subscriber Access ..............................15
4.2. Currently Available Tools .................................16
4.2.1. BCP 38 .............................................16
4.2.2. Unicast RPF ........................................16
4.2.3. Port-Based Address Binding .........................16
4.2.4. Cryptographic Techniques ...........................17
4.2.5. Residual Attacks ...................................18
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