BGP Operations and Security
RFC 7454
| Document | Type |
RFC - Best Current Practice
(February 2015; No errata)
Also known as BCP 194
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Last updated | 2018-12-20 | ||
| Replaces | draft-jdurand-bgp-security | ||
| Stream | IETF | ||
| Formats | plain text html pdf htmlized bibtex | ||
| Reviews | |||
| Stream | WG state | Submitted to IESG for Publication | |
| Document shepherd | Gunter Van de Velde | ||
| Shepherd write-up | Show (last changed 2014-08-20) | ||
| IESG | IESG state | RFC 7454 (Best Current Practice) | |
| Consensus Boilerplate | Yes | ||
| Telechat date | |||
| Responsible AD | Joel Jaeggli | ||
| Send notices to | (None) | ||
| IANA | IANA review state | Version Changed - Review Needed | |
| IANA action state | No IANA Actions | ||
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) J. Durand
Request for Comments: 7454 Cisco Systems, Inc.
BCP: 194 I. Pepelnjak
Category: Best Current Practice NIL
ISSN: 2070-1721 G. Doering
SpaceNet
February 2015
BGP Operations and Security
Abstract
The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the protocol almost exclusively
used in the Internet to exchange routing information between network
domains. Due to this central nature, it is important to understand
the security measures that can and should be deployed to prevent
accidental or intentional routing disturbances.
This document describes measures to protect the BGP sessions itself
such as Time to Live (TTL), the TCP Authentication Option (TCP-AO),
and control-plane filtering. It also describes measures to better
control the flow of routing information, using prefix filtering and
automation of prefix filters, max-prefix filtering, Autonomous System
(AS) path filtering, route flap dampening, and BGP community
scrubbing.
Status of This Memo
This memo documents an Internet Best Current Practice.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
BCPs is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7454.
Durand, et al. Best Current Practice [Page 1]
RFC 7454 BGP OPSEC February 2015
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Durand, et al. Best Current Practice [Page 2]
RFC 7454 BGP OPSEC February 2015
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.1. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Scope of the Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Definitions and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4. Protection of the BGP Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. Protection of BGP Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.1. Protection of TCP Sessions Used by BGP . . . . . . . . . 6
5.2. BGP TTL Security (GTSM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6. Prefix Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6.1. Definition of Prefix Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6.1.1. Special-Purpose Prefixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6.1.2. Unallocated Prefixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6.1.3. Prefixes That Are Too Specific . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6.1.4. Filtering Prefixes Belonging to the Local AS and
Downstreams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6.1.5. IXP LAN Prefixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6.1.6. The Default Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.2. Prefix Filtering Recommendations in Full Routing Networks 14
6.2.1. Filters with Internet Peers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6.2.2. Filters with Customers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6.2.3. Filters with Upstream Providers . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6.3. Prefix Filtering Recommendations for Leaf Networks . . . 17
6.3.1. Inbound Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
6.3.2. Outbound Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7. BGP Route Flap Dampening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8. Maximum Prefixes on a Peering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
9. AS Path Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
10. Next-Hop Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
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