The Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP)
RFC 6830

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Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)                      D. Farinacci
Request for Comments: 6830                                 Cisco Systems
Category: Experimental                                         V. Fuller
ISSN: 2070-1721
                                                                D. Meyer
                                                                D. Lewis
                                                           Cisco Systems
                                                            January 2013

               The Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP)

Abstract

   This document describes a network-layer-based protocol that enables
   separation of IP addresses into two new numbering spaces: Endpoint
   Identifiers (EIDs) and Routing Locators (RLOCs).  No changes are
   required to either host protocol stacks or to the "core" of the
   Internet infrastructure.  The Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP)
   can be incrementally deployed, without a "flag day", and offers
   Traffic Engineering, multihoming, and mobility benefits to early
   adopters, even when there are relatively few LISP-capable sites.

   Design and development of LISP was largely motivated by the problem
   statement produced by the October 2006 IAB Routing and Addressing
   Workshop.

Status of This Memo

   This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is
   published for examination, experimental implementation, and
   evaluation.

   This document defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet
   community.  This document is a product of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF
   community.  It has received public review and has been approved for
   publication by the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Not
   all documents approved by the IESG are a candidate for any level of
   Internet Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741.

   Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
   and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
   http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6830.

Farinacci, et al.             Experimental                      [Page 1]
RFC 6830                          LISP                      January 2013

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
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   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1. Introduction ....................................................3
   2. Requirements Notation ...........................................5
   3. Definition of Terms .............................................5
   4. Basic Overview .................................................10
      4.1. Packet Flow Sequence ......................................13
   5. LISP Encapsulation Details .....................................15
      5.1. LISP IPv4-in-IPv4 Header Format ...........................16
      5.2. LISP IPv6-in-IPv6 Header Format ...........................17
      5.3. Tunnel Header Field Descriptions ..........................18
      5.4. Dealing with Large Encapsulated Packets ...................22
           5.4.1. A Stateless Solution to MTU Handling ...............22
           5.4.2. A Stateful Solution to MTU Handling ................23
      5.5. Using Virtualization and Segmentation with LISP ...........24
   6. EID-to-RLOC Mapping ............................................25
      6.1. LISP IPv4 and IPv6 Control-Plane Packet Formats ...........25
           6.1.1. LISP Packet Type Allocations .......................27
           6.1.2. Map-Request Message Format .........................27
           6.1.3. EID-to-RLOC UDP Map-Request Message ................30
           6.1.4. Map-Reply Message Format ...........................31
           6.1.5. EID-to-RLOC UDP Map-Reply Message ..................35
           6.1.6. Map-Register Message Format ........................37
           6.1.7. Map-Notify Message Format ..........................39
           6.1.8. Encapsulated Control Message Format ................41
      6.2. Routing Locator Selection .................................42
      6.3. Routing Locator Reachability ..............................44
           6.3.1. Echo Nonce Algorithm ...............................46
           6.3.2. RLOC-Probing Algorithm .............................48
      6.4. EID Reachability within a LISP Site .......................49